copyright © allyn & bacon 2008 course: pc 63 human exceptionality required textbook : special...

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

Course: PC 63

Human Exceptionality

Required Textbook:Special Education: Contemporary Perspectives for School Professionals, (2nd Edition).

by Marilyn Friend

Why you need this textbook:• You will be tested from this book

• Reading Assignments

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

Chapter 1

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Specially designed instruction

no cost to parents

meets the unique needs of a child with a disability

Chapter 1: Key Concepts for Understanding Special Education


Physical and occupational therapy

Speech-language pathology services

Psychological services

Interpretation services

Transportation



provided in regular education classes or other settings

word prediction softwarePreferential seatingParaprofessional



Extended the right to special education to children of all disabilities

1972Mills v. District of Columbia

Tests used for eligibility for special education must be non-discriminatory; class placement parallel to “Diana” for African American – only in Ca.

1972Larry P. v. Riles

Guaranteed special education for children with mental retardation

1972PARC (Pa Association for Retarded Citizens)

no segregation by race - (education - a right and not a privilege)

class placement – students tested in primary language

1954

1970

Brown v. Board of EducationDiana v. State Board of Education

ImportanceDateCase


1975 – Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) amended as P.L. 94-142



1986 - Services to infants and young children1

990 – Name changes to Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Autism and Traumatic Brain Injury added

1997 – Additions Discipline of students with disabilities Parent participation expanded Assessment of all students with disabilities

2004 – Name changes to Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act Conflict resolution strategies included Evidence-based practices for instruction required



Development of inclusive practices

Overrepresentation of some ethnic groups



Zero Reject (Zero exclusion principle)

Free Appropriate Public Education

Least Restrictive Environment

Nondiscriminatory Evaluation

Parent and Family Rights to Confidentiality

Procedural Safeguards


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Nondiscriminatory and Multidisciplinary Assessment

Testing students in their native or primary language.

Using valid tests and evaluation procedures prevent cultural or racial discrimination.

Utilizing several pieces of information.


Parent and Family Rights to Confidentiality & Procedural Safeguards

Informed Consent for testing and placement.

Participate on the committee.

To inspect and review educational records.

To request a copy.


Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Civil rights for all people with disabilities

Prohibits discrimination based on disability

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Extends protections to both public and private sectors, regardless of federal funding



Visual impairment

Traumatic brain injuryOther health impairments

Specific learning disability

Speech or language impairment

Orthopedic impairmentMultiple disabilities

Mental retardationHearing impaired

Emotional disturbanceDevelopmental delay (3-9)

Deaf-blindnessAutism


Inclusion

- Universal Design for Learning

- Evidence-based practices

- Assistive Technology

Positive Behavior Supports

Collaboration



mainstreaming

least restrictive environment

inclusive education


1960s - Maindumping=No Support!!


Full inclusion

Partial inclusion



Time

Language & cultural understanding

Transportation


Respect the uniqueness of families.

Recognize that families have different understandings of their children’s special needs.

Match your strategies and resources to family needs.



Availability of assessment results

Assessment in English of ESL students after three years of language instruction

Demonstration through standard assessment of academic proficiency for most students by 2013-2014

Sanctions for schools that fail to make adequate yearly progress (AYP) two years in a row

Highly qualified teachers for all students



Can students with disabilities be held to the same standards of discipline as other students?


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