{

Proposing a Solution

Chapter 15: Allyn and Bacon Textbook

Types of ProposalsPractical Proposal: • Focuses on local, practical problems • Targets a specific audience

Policy Proposal:Addresses public issues with the hopes of swaying public support towards the writer’s proposed solution.

Exploring Proposal WritingSamples questions to assist you in the thinking process:• Why is problem important?• For whom is the problem a problem?• Who will suffer if the problem is not solved?• How can the problem be solved? What

solution can be proposed?• What are the benefits of the problem solution

proposal?• Why should this proposal be enacted?• What makes this proposal better than others

already proposed?

Exploring Proposal Writing

Proposal Argument Outline• Describe problem and its significance.• Propose your solution• Justify your proposal by showing the

benefits

Understanding Proposal Writing

All proposal writing have one thing in common, they offer a solution to a problem, they are always alternative solutions, including doing nothing.

Your task is to convince the reader that problem is worth solving and that your proposal will actually work.

Understanding Proposal WritingProposal argument have three main parts:

Description of the problem• You must demonstrate that a significant

problem exists.• You must make the problem vivid and real for

your reader• Who is affected by problem?• What are its causes?• Why hasn’t it been solved before?• What are the negative consequences of the

problem not being solved?

Understanding Proposal WritingProposal for Solution• Describe your solution• Show how it will work

Justification• You must persuade your audience that

your proposal must be enacted• Show benefits of your proposal and

how it is better than alternative• Point out how other approaches

would not solve problem.

Developing and Effective Justification Section

Generally three strategies approaches are used: principles, consequences, and precedents or analogies.

Strategies for Developing Justification Section

PrincipleArgues what action should (should not) be taken because it is right or wrong according to some value, assumption, principle, or belief you share with your audience.

Strategies for Developing Justification SectionConsequencesArgues that action should (should not) take place because doing so will lead to consequences that your audience may think are good (or bad).

Strategies for Developing Justification SectionPrecedent of AnalogyArgues that action should (should not) take place because doing so is similar to what was done I another case, which turned out well (or badly).

Shaping and Drafting

Introduction• Presents and describes a problem that

needs solving• Give background including previous

attempts to solve problem• Argue that the problem is solvable.

Presentation of the Proposed Solution• States the solution succulently• Explains the specific of the solution

Shaping and Drafting

Justification• Persuades readers that proposal should

be implemented• Presents and Develops Reasons 1, 2,

and so forth• Reasons to support the proposed

solution are argued from principle, consequences, and precedent/analogy

Shaping and Drafting

Summary/Rebuttal of Oppossing ViewPolicy:Present opposing view(s)Rebuts opposing view(s)

Practical:Presents alternative solution(s)Explains why alternative solution(s) are inferior

ConclusionAsk readers to act

Peer Review

Turn to page 397 in book