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C H E T T A R A N O W S K I P H . D . C E A P .

FLOURISHING: A BRIEF UPDATE

ON THE SCIENCE OF HAPPINESS

NIEAPA February, 2015

Chet Taranowski Ph.D.

Chet Taranowski Ph.D.

WHO AM I?

• Former EAP Manager at Aon Corporation • Virtual Instructor/Field Work Liaison at the University

of Southern California • Social Work in Business Concentration

• Ph.D. University of Illinois at Chicago • Presenter on topics related to:

• Engagement at work • Well-being • Positive Leadership

• Certification Commission for Employee Assistance Professionals

Chet Taranowski Ph.D.

http://sowkweb.usc.edu/master-social-work/msw-degree/concentrations/social-work-and-business-in-a-global-society

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TOPICS FOR TODAY

• What does it take to be happy? • At home • In your work

• How do you increase your flourishing? • Positive Emotions • Engagement • Relationships • Meaning • Accomplishments

• Where can I learn more?

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WHAT DOES THIS MEAN TO ME?

AM I FLOURISH ING?

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AFFECTIVE PREDICTION

• The things that we believe will have an extreme emotional consequence almost never do. • Good things aren’t as good. • Bad things aren’t as bad

Timothy Wilson and Daniel Gilbert.

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HOW HAPPY ARE YOU TODAY?

PLEASURE AND PURPOSE

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WHO ARE THE EXPERTS?

SUBJECT IVE WELL BE ING

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THE FATHERS OF POSITIVE PSYCH.

Martin Seligman Edward Diener Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

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SUPERSTARS

Barbara Fredrickson

Robert Biswas-Diener

Sonja Lyubomirsky

Michael Frisch

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M O R E A N D M O R E

IS THERE CONTROVERSY IN THIS FIELD?

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MEASUREMENT METR ICS OF WELL -BE ING

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10. Extremely happy (feeling ecstatic, joyous, fantastic) 9. Very happy (feeling really good, elated) 8. Pretty happy (spirits high, feeling good) 7. Mildly happy (feeling fairly good and somewhat cheerful) 6. Slightly happy (just a bit above normal) 5. Neutral (not particularly happy or unhappy) 4. Slightly unhappy (just a bit below neutral) 3. Mildly unhappy (just a bit low) 2. Pretty unhappy (somewhat blue, spirits down) 1. Very unhappy (depressed, spirits very low) 0. Extremely unhappy (utterly depressed, completely down)

• The percent of time I feel happy _____ • The percent of time I feel unhappy _____ • The percent of time I feel neutral _____

CHECK ONE STATEMENT BELOW THAT BEST DESCRIBES YOUR AVERAGE HAPPINESS

http://internal.psychology.illinois.edu/~ediener/Documents/FS.pdf

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Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, DW., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicator Research, 97, 143-156.

Flourishing Scale

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SOCIOLOGICAL THE MACRO LEVEL

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The highest Chet Taranowski Ph.D.

The lowest scores

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Gallup Healthways http://info.healthways.com/wellbeingindex

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OTHER DEMOGRAPHICS MICRO INFLUENCES

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WHO ARE THESE HAPPY PEOPLE?

• Wealthier • Are younger or older • Are healthier • Have lots of social contact • Are married or cohabiting • Are more educated (but skip the PhD) • Have a job • Commute a short distance to work • You are religious; it doesn’t matter which religion

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WEALTH AND HAPPINESS I T HELPS TO HAVE MONEY – BUT ONLY TO A DEGREE

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AGE AND HAPPINESS

U Shaped Distribution

Middle Age 40 - 50

Young adult

Later adulthood

Dolan Chet Taranowski Ph.D.

BIOLOGY? GENET ICS AND HAPP INESS

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GENETICS

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WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO FLOURISH?

DEF IN I T IONS

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ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE

Happiness is: Pleasure + Purpose

over time Paul Dolan

The Pleasure Purpose Principle

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THE PLEASURE PURPOSE PRINCIPLE DOLAN

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P.E.R.M.A.

• Positive emotion • Engagement • Relationships • Meaning • Achievement

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POSITIVE EMOTIONS

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BARBARA FREDRICKSON PH.D.

• University of North Carolina • Positive emotions:

“Broaden & Build”

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POSITIVE EMOTIONS

1. Joy 2. Gratitude 3. Serenity 4. Interest 5. Hope

6. Pride 7. Amusement 8. Inspiration 9. Awe 10. Love.

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BAD IS STRONGER THAN GOOD

vs

Devil Angel

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Intentionally create opportunities for positive emotions

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ENGAGEMENT ABSORBING WORK

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WHAT IS ENGAGEMENT?

• A positive, fulfilling, work-related state of mind that is characterized by: • vigor, • dedication, and • absorption.

• Engagement is about passion and commitment, the willingness to invest oneself and expend discretionary effort to help an employer succeed.

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VIGOR

• High levels of energy • Mental resilience while working, • The willingness to invest effort in one’s work • Persistence even in the face of difficulties

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DEDICATION

• Experiencing a sense of significance, • Enthusiasm, • Inspiration, • Pride, • Challenge

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ABSORPTION

• Have similarities to “Flow” • Engrossed in one’s work, • Whereby time passes quickly

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MIHALY CSIKSZENTMIHALYI

From Transylvania.

Studied at University of Chicago and later on the faculty.

Interested in optimal experiences.

Also did work on creativity.

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FLOW 1. Task is challenging & requires skill 2. Concentration 3. Clear goals 4. Immediate feedback 5. Deep effortless involvement 6. Sense of control 7. Sense of self vanishes 8. Time stops

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OBSTACLES TO FLOW

• Our culture endorses pleasure over enjoyment.

• We make a mistake in believing that effort is too hard and thus inferior to hedonistic pleasure.

• Error of our civilization is pursuit of materialism, • VS quest for happiness or flow.

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GALLUP: EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

1. I am doing something I am good at 2. I have all the things I need to do my job 3. I know what I should be doing 4. Every week someone says something good about my work 5. People care about me at work 7. I have a mentor 8. People listen to my opinions 9. I understand how my job is related to company goals 10. The people around me want to do a good job too. 11. I have a good friend at work 12. I get respectful feedback at work 13. There are opportunities to further my career.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL

Fred Luthans Ph.D.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

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STRENGTHS IN THE WORKPLACE

•Self Efficacy •Optimism •Hope •Resiliency

Luthans, Youssef, Avolio. Psychological Capital. Oxford. (2003)

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RELATIONSHIPS

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SOCIAL SUPPORT

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MEANING US ING STRENGTHS

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VIA - 6 CORE VALUES 1. Wisdom and knowledge 2. Courage 3. Love and humanity 4. Justice 5. Temperance 6. Spirituality and

transcendence

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VALUES IN ACTION

Wisdom • Creativity • Curiosity • Open-mindedness • Love of learning • Perspective • Spirituality

Courage • Bravery • Persistence • Integrity • Vitality

Love/Humanity • Love • Kindness • Social Intelligence

Justice • Citizenship • Fairness • Leadership

Temperance • Forgiveness • Humility • Prudence • Self regulation

Transcendence • Appreciation of beauty • Gratitude • Hope • Humor • Spirituality