How do you know what conjugation a verb belongs to?

Look at the 2nd PP!

1st -āre2nd -ēre3rd/3rd-io -ere4th -īre

What are the present tense vowels for 3rd and 4th conjugation?

I O U

petō petimuspetis petitispetit petunt

What are the future tense vowels for 3rd and 4th conjugation?

hAm & Eggs

petam petēmuspetēs petētispetet petent

How do you form the future tense for 1st and 2nd conjugation?

BO, BIS, BIT

amābō amābimusamābis amābitisamābit amābunt

How do you form a Present Active Participle (PAP?)

Drop the -re off the 2nd PP and add -ns, -ntis

petere→ pete-→ petens

How do you translate a PAP?

(while) verb-ing

How do you find the Perfect Passive Participle (PPP)?

4th PP!

petō, petere, petīvī, petitum

How do you translate a PPP?

verb-edhaving been verb-ed

How do you recognize an Ablative Absolute?

2 or 3 ablative words set off from the rest of the sentence

● (adjective) noun and PPP● (adjective) noun and PAP● (adjective) noun and noun

How do you translate an Ablative Absolute with a noun and PPP?

With the noun having been verb-ed

Signō dātōWith the signal having been given

How do you translate an Ablative Absolute with a noun and PAP?

With the noun verbing

Puerō clamānteWith the boy shouting

How do you translate an Ablative Absolute with a noun and another noun?

With noun as noun

Caesare duceWith the Caesar as leader

How do you form comparative adjectives from positive ones?

Add -ior (m/f) or -ius (n) to the base

clāra→ clār-→ clārior

How do you form superlative adjectives from positive ones?

Add -issimus, a, um to the base

clāra→ clār-→ clārissimus

EXCEPT when?

When the masculine nominative singular form ends in -er

Then what?

Add -rimus, a, um to the -er form

pulcher→ pulcherrimus

How do you form adverbs from 1st/2nd declension adjectives?

Add -ē to the base

clāra→ clār-→ clārē

How do you form adverbs from 3rd declension adjectives?

Add -(i)ter to the base

fortis→ fort-→ fortiter

How do you form comparative adverbs?

Use the neuter nominative singular adjective.

celerior, celerius→ celerius

What country is Troy in?

Asia

What mountains are north of Italy?

Alps

What mountains are the “spine” of Italy?

Appenines

What is the port city to Rome?

Ostia

What sea is north of Italy?

(H)Adriaticum

What is the major city in Africa?

Carthage

Where is Athens?

Graecia

What port would you use to get to Graecia?

Brundisium