conjugating a third conjugation verb
DESCRIPTION
Conjugating a Third Conjugation Verb. duco ducere duxi ductus. All About Verbs Each verb has 4 principal parts. duco. ducere. duxi. ductus. First Person Singular Present Active I love. Present active Infinitive To love. First Person Singular Perfect Active I have loved. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Conjugating a Third Conjugation Verb
duco ducere duxi ductus
All About Verbs
Each verb has 4 principal parts
First Person Singular Present Active
I love
Present active InfinitiveTo love
First Person Singular
Perfect ActiveI have loved
Perfect Passive Participle
Having been loved
duco ducere duxi ductus
Finding the Present Stem
ducere duxi ductusduco
The present stem is the second principal part – re.
ducere - re = duce
Find the second principal part of the verb.
Present Active Tense
In the present active tense change e on the present stem to i and add the present active endings. Present stem = Ducere – re = duce
First Person
Second Person
Third Person
o
s
t
I
you
he, she,it
Singular Plural
nt
tis
mus we
you
they
Present Active Endings
duc ei
First Person
Second
Person
Third Person
duc o
duci s
duci t
duci
duci
ducu
mus
tis
nt
I leadI am leadingI do lead
You leadYou are leadingYou do leading
He leadsHe is leadingHe did lead
We leadWe are leadingWe do lead
You leadYou are leadingYou do lead
They leadThey are leadingThey do lead
Present Active
Nota Bene: There is no i in the first person singular and the e changes to u in the third person plural.
Present Passive Tense
First Person
Second Person
Third Person
or
ris
tur
I
you
he, she,it
Singular Plural
ntur
mini
mur we
you
they
Present Passive Endings
In the present passtive tense change e on the present stem to i and add the present active endings. Present stem = Ducere – re = duce
First Person
Second
Person
Third Person
ducor
duce ris
duci tur
duci
duci
ducu
mur
mini
ntur
I am led
You are led
He is led
We are led
You are led
They are led
Present Passive
Nota Bene: There is no i in the first person singular,the e is retained in the second person plural and the e changes to u in the third person plural.
Imperfect Tense
Present Stem + BA + Present Endings
duce
duce
duce
duce
duce
duce
ba
ba
mus
ba
ba
ba
ba
s
m
t
tis
nt
You led
I led
He led
You led
We led
They led
Imperfect Active
duce
duce
duce
duce
duce
duce
ba
ba
ba
ba
ba
ba
r
ris
tur
mur
mini
ntur
I was led
You were led
He was led
We were led
You were led
They were led
Imperfect Passive
Future Tense
duc
duc
duc
duc
duc
duc
a
e
mus
e
e
e
e
s
m
t
tis
nt
You will lead
I will lead
He will lead
You will lead
We will lead
They will lead
Imperfect Active
duc
duc
duc
duc
duc
duc
a
e
e
e
e
e
r
ris
tur
mur
mini
ntur
I will be led
You will be led
He will be led
We will be led
You will be led
They will be led
Imperfect Passive
The sign of the future in the third declension is e.
Nota Bene: There is an a in the first person singular
Finding the Perfect Stem
duxiducere doctusduco
The perfect stem is the second principal part – i.
duxi - i = dux
Find the third principal part of the verb.
Perfect Active Tense
The present active tense = Present Stem + Present Active Endings
First Person
Second Person
Third Person
i
isti
it
I
you
he, she,it
Singular Plural
erunt
istis
imus we
you
they
Perfect Active Endings
First Person
Second
Person
Third Person
dux i
dux
dux it
dux
dux
dux
imus
istis
erunt
I ledI have ledI did lead
You ledYou have ledYou did lead
He ledHe has ledHe did lead
We ledWe have ledWe did lead
They ledThey have ledThey did lead
Perfect Active
You ledYou have ledYou did leadisti
Pluperfect Active Tense
Perfect Stem + era + Present Endings
dux
dux
dux
dux
dux
dux
era
era
mus
era
era
era
era
s
m
t
tis
nt
You had led
I had led
He had led
You had led
We had led
They had led
Pluperfect Active
Future Perfect Active Tense
Perfect Stem + eri + Present Endings
dux
dux
dux
dux
dux
dux
er
eri
mus
eri
eri
eri
eri
s
o
t
tis
nt
You will have led
I will have led
He will have led
You will have led
We will have led
They will have led
Pluperfect Active
Perfect Passive System
1. Uses the fourth principal part which is called the perfect passive participle (PPP).
amo, amare, amavi, amatus. -a. -um
2. The perfect passive participle (PPP) is a verbal adjective and must agree with the subject of the sentence.
If the subject is puella (feminine singular), the PPP will be ducta. If the subject is puellae (feminine plural), the PPP will be ductae. If the subject is vir (masculine singular), the PPP will be ductus. If the subject is viri (masculine plural), the PPP will be ducti. If the subject is oppidum (neuter singular), the PPP will be ductum. If the subject is oppida (neuter plural), the PPP will be ducta.
Present Passive Tense
PPP + Present Tense of Sum
ductus – a - um
ductus – a - um
ductus –a -um
ducti –ae -a
ducti –ae –a
ducti – ae -a
sum
es
est
sumus
estis
sunt
You have been led
I have been led
He have been led
You have been led
We have been led
They have been led
Perfect Passive
Pluperfect Passive Tense
PPP + imperfect Tense of Sum
ductus – a - um
ductus – a - um
ductus –a -um
ducti –ae -a
ducti –ae –a
ducti – ae -a
eram
eras
erat
eramus
eratis
erant
You had been led
I had been led
He had been led
You had been led
We had been led
They had been led
Pluperfect Passive
Future Perfect Passive Tense
PPP + Future Tense of Sum
ductus – a - um
ductus – a - um
ductus –a -um
ducti –ae -a
ducti –ae –a
ducti – ae -a
ero
eris
erit
erimus
eritis
erunt
You will have been led
I will have been led
He will have been led
You will have been led
We will have been led
They will have been led
Future Perfect Passive Tense
The ______________ tense does not use the present stem.
a. Future
b. Past Perfect
c. Imperfect
d. Present
next
Legere is the ______________ principal part of the word.
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. Fourth
next
legisti can be translated _____________
a. You have chosen
b. You were chosen
c. You are chosen
d. You will choose
next
Acta est can be translated _____________
a. She had been driven
b. She is driven
c. She has been driven
d. She will have been driven