Hebrews and Judaism

Wednesday October 28

• Homework: Notebook Check and Study Guide due tomorrow.

• Do Now: What were the short term effects of the Roman revolt?

• Judaism Over the Centuries

• Test Review

1. Long Term effects of Jewish revolt

• Second unsuccessful revolt against Rome

• Ban of Jews from Jerusalem

• Dispersal of Jews throughout the world

• Changes in Judaism religion

• Discrimination against Jews

2. Why did the Jews revolt against the Romans in AD 66?

• The Jews were tired of foreign rule and wanted to recreate the kingdom of Israel. Zealots also believed the Jews should not answer to anyone but God.

3. Why was the Roman destruction of the Second Temple so devastating to the Jews?

• The temple was the center of Jewish religious life and the holiest Jewish site

4. How did Judaism change after the loss of the Second Temple?

• Local synagogues became more important in Jewish life, and leaders called rabbis began serving as religious teachers.

5. Map Skills

• A.

b. Alexandria

c. north, west, and southwest

d. Spain, France, Germany, Italy, Greece, Asia Minor, Syria, and Alexandria, Egypt

The Early Hebrews

• The Big Idea

• Originally desert nomads, the Hebrews established a great kingdom called Israel.

• Main Ideas

• Abraham and Moses led the Hebrews to Canaan and to a new religion.

• Strong kings united the Israelites to fight off invaders.

• Invaders conquered and ruled the Hebrews after their kingdom broke apart.

• Some women in Hebrew society made great contributions to their history.

Jewish Beliefs and Texts

• The Big Idea

•The central ideas and laws of Judaism are contained in sacred texts such as the Torah

• Main Ideas

•Beliefs in God, education, justice, and obedience anchor Jewish society.

•Jewish beliefs are listed in the Torah, the Hebrew Bible, and the Commentaries.

•The Dead Sea Scrolls reveal many past Jewish beliefs.

•The ideas of Judaism have helped shape later cultures.

Judaism Over the Centuries

• The Big Idea

• Although they were forced out of Israel by the Romans, shared beliefs and customs helped Jews maintain their religion.

• Main Ideas

• Revolt, defeat, and migration led to great changes in Jewish culture.

• Because Jews settled in different parts of the world, two cultural traditions formed.

• Jewish traditions and holy days celebrate their history and religion.

16. Why did Abraham leave Mesopotamia?

• God spoke to him and told him to lead his family on a journey out of Mesopotamia to Canaan.

17. List the different groups who controlled the Israelites throughout history.

• Assyrians

• Chaldeans

• Persians

• Roman Empire

18. Why did the pharaoh decide to free the Hebrews in the 1200s BC?

• The pharaoh was frightened by the plagues that affected Egypt.

19. What was the role of women in Hebrew society?

• Men made most decisions and dominated society. A woman’s husband was selected by her father and property was inherited by the oldest son. Women were to be devoted to their families.

20. How did Judaism affect other cultures after the Diaspora?

• Judaism greatly affected Western cultures in Europe and the Americas. Their laws and rules of behavior have been shaped by Judaism.

21. Why did the Jews revolt against the Romans?

• The Romans discriminated against the Jews and had no respect for their religion or way of life.

22. Describe the High Holy Days.

• They are the two most sacred of all Jewish holy days. Rosh Hashanah celebrates the beginning of a new year. On Yom Kippur the Jews ask God to forgive their sins.

23. Why is Hanukkah celebrated?

• It celebrates the rededication of the Second Temple.

24. What happened after the Zealots locked themselves inside the fortress of Masada?

• The Romans sent 15,000 soldiers to capture the Zealots. After the revolt, the Romans killed much of Jerusalem’s population and took the surviving Jews to Rome as slaves.

25. Who was King David? When did he come to power?

• He came to power after Saul. He was not liked by Saul but was well liked by his people.

26. Define monotheistic.

• The belief in only one God

27. What is the Exodus? How do Jews remember it today?

• During the Exodus Moses led his people out of slavery in Egypt. It is remembered today during Passover.

28. Who is Moses?

• Leader among the Israelites who led them out of Egypt during the Exodus.

29. What are the Ten Commandments? Who received them?

• A code of moral laws received by Moses from God.

30. Who are rabbis?

• They are religious teachers in the Jewish faith.