Effects of Smoking

Rafika Indah Saputri1508153970

Medical FacultyUniversity of Riau

2015-2016

smoking is inhaling a toxic mix of more than 7,000 chemicals. Many are poisons. When these chemicals get deep into your body’s tissues, they cause damage. Your body must fight to heal the damage each time you smoke. Over time, the damage can lead to disease.

What is smoking?

Nicotine

Carbon monoxide

Tar

Carbon

And more than 7000 dangerous chemicals to your body

A smoking cigarette gives you:

Nicotine Chemical in tobacco plant cells Addictive – affects the way the brain works Stimulant drug

Carbon monoxide Poisonous gas Absorbed by red blood cells Stops them carrying oxygen

Tar A mixture of chemicals Affects the ciliated cells Condenses in the lungs Linked to cancer Linked to heart disease Linked to circulation problems

1. Every eight seconds someone in the world dies from a tobacco related illness/disease.

2. On average, smokers die nearly seven years earlier than nonsmokers. Smoking is responsible for one out of five American deaths.

HOW DANGEROUS?

3. In the U.S., smoking kills more people than cocaine, heroin, alcohol, fire, automobile accidents, homicides, suicides, and AIDS combined.

4. Reports of the Surgeon General conclude that smoking cigarettes causes heart disease, lung and esophageal cancer, and chronic lung disease. Cigarette smoking contributes to cancer of the bladder, pancreas, and kidney.

5. Men who smoke increase their risk of death from lung cancer by more than 22 times and from bronchitis and emphysema by nearly 10 times.

6. Women who smoke increase their risk of dying from lung cancer by nearly 12 times and the risk of dying from bronchitis and emphysema by more than 10 times

7. Smoking triples the risk of dying from heart disease among middle-aged men and women.

440,000 people die needlessly every year...... because of their addiction to cigarettes

Addiction to nicotine (The younger an adolescent is when he begins to smoke, the more severe his level of nicotine addiction is likely to be.)

The risk of using other drugs. Blood vessels constrict (narrow) and this

decreases blood flow which causes a rise in blood pressure.

Shortness of breath. Carbon monoxide replaces oxygen carried by

the blood.

Short Term Effects

Skin ◦Smoking makes you look older◦It makes your skin dry and leathery◦Wrinkles appear sooner◦If you get skin cancer, you are more likely to die from it because smoking weakens your immune system

Long Term Effects

Hair Loss◦A study in the British Medical Journal has found that smokers are Twice as likely to lose their hair Four times as likely to have premature gray hair Smoking messes up your immune system

Long Term Effects

Brain◦ Nicotine is addictive as heroin, and it alters how

the brain works◦ It acts on brain cells that influence:

Mood Concentration Learning Alertness

Long Term Effects

Cataracts◦ Smoking causes cataracts◦ A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye◦ The more a person smokes, the greater the

chance of getting cataracts

Long Term Effects

Hearing Loss◦ Smoking constricts (narrows) the blood vessels to

the eardrums◦ This causes smokers to start to lose their hearing

earlier than people who don’t smoke.

Long Term Effects

Mouth◦ Smoking causes wrinkles around the mouth and

on the lips◦ Smoking causes many kinds of cancers: Lip cancer Mouth cancer Throat cancer Tongue cancer

Long Term Effects

Heart Disease◦ Smoking reduces the amount of oxygen to the

heart muscle Heart beats faster Smokers have short breath Smokers can have chest pain Artaeries get clogged Smokers have less chance of surviving a heart attack

than non-smokers

Long Term Effects

Lungs◦ Chronic bronchitis

The build up of puss and mucus - coughing a lot Emphysema - air sacs in your lungs swell and burst Lung cancer

Long Term Effects

Other Cancers◦ Smoking also causes these cancers:

Long Term Effects

Impotency◦ Men who smoke have increased risk ofImpotency (The inability to have an erection.)

Problems in Pregnancy◦ Greater risk of miscarriages, still births, and

premature and/or low-birth weight babies

Long Term Effects

Set your goals clearly. Keep a journal.

Reward yourself for meeting your goals.

Pace yourself - quitting can take a while

Be realistic. Be careful not to set goals, including a timeline for quitting, that are higher than you can meet.

Don’t give up!!!

Quitting Tobacco Use

AND YOU STILL WONT STOP SMOKING?

Smoking An Addiction (2011) by Margaret E Rousset (Missouri ABE/ASE)

A Report of Surgeon General;How Tobacco Smoke Cause Disease (2010) by Regina M. Benjamin, MD, MBA Surgeon General (Center for Disease Conrol and Preventing)

AANA Journal/April 2001/Vol.69, No.2. The Hazards of Surgical Smoke. Kay Ball, RN, MSA, CNOOR, FAAN. Lewis Centre, Ohio.

References