the ancient israelites 2009

Chapter 3

C. 1400 B.C. – Israelites left Canaan because of a drought, head to Egypt

Canaan is located in southwest Asia

They were monotheistic Their religion is now known as Judaism They spoke Hebrew They were descended from Abraham Abraham is connected to all three

monotheistic religions – Judaism, Christianity and Islam

Abraham’s descendants form the 12 tribes of Israel

Arrived in Egypt because of drought, became enslaved

Moses saved by the pharaoh’s daughter 10 plagues of Egypt C. 1290 – Moses led the Israelites out of

Egypt, this was known as the Exodus

Laws received by Moses on Mt. Sinai Laws became part of the Torah Torah became holy book of the Hebrews Torah describes covenant with God

(Israelites return to Canaan)

Took 40 yrs. to return to Canaan Israelites regained Jericho Took judges as leaders One group of Israelites, Phoenicians, were

skilled sailors and traders Phoenicians created an alphabet (basis for

the English alphabet)

C. 1000 B.C. – Philistines were the strongest people in Canaan

The Israelites wanted a king to unite them against the Philistines

The prophet Samuel was asked to choose the King

Samuel warned against this

Israelites chose Saul, a warrior-farmer

Samuel anointed Saul

God displeased with Saul disobeying Him

Samuel anoints David as king

David defeats enemies and creates an empire

Requires tribute to be paid

Heavy taxes to expand Jerusalem, new capital

Wrote the Psalms

Solomon, his son, becomes king, after David died

Built Temple in Jerusalem

Known for his proverbs

Forced men to work in mines in nearby countries.

Empire divided after his death – Israel and Judah