chapter 3 the ancient israelites. chapter 3, section 1 the first israelites (pages 80–85) setting...
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Chapter 3Chapter 3
The Ancient IsraelitesThe Ancient Israelites
Chapter 3, Section 1
The First Israelites(Pages 80–85)
Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read:• What did the Israelites believe?• Where was the Promised Land of the Israelites, and how did they return there?
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 3, Section 1Chapter 3, Section 1 The First Israelites The First Israelites
Terms to KnowTerms to Know►monotheism: belief in one god; ►tribe: a unit of society made up of
family groups; ►Torah: Jewish religious law; ►covenant: a formal agreement
Chapter 3, Section 1Chapter 3, Section 1 The First Israelites The First Israelites
People to MeetPeople to Meet►Abraham: the father of the
Israelites;►Jacob: grandson of Abraham and
father of the 12 tribes of Israel; ►Moses: man who led the Israelites
out of slavery in Egypt
Class Notes & Discussion
Chapter 3, Section 1Chapter 3, Section 1 The First Israelites The First Israelites
Sum It UpSum It Up►What covenant was described in the
Torah?
►The Torah described God’s agreement with the Jewish people—his promise to return the Israelites to Canaan if they followed his laws.
Chapter 3, Section 1 Chapter 3, Section 1 The Promised LandThe Promised Land
Terms to KnowTerms to Know►alphabet: a group of letters that
stands for sounds
Chapter 3, Section 1 Chapter 3, Section 1 The Promised LandThe Promised Land
People to MeetPeople to Meet
►Phoenicians: group of Canaanites who lived in cities along the Mediterranean;
►Deborah: Israelite judge who defeated King Jabin and his army
Chapter 3, Section 1 The First Israelites
Reading StrategyReading Strategy
CanaanMesopotamia Egypt
Canaan
As you read pages 81–85 in your textbook, complete this sequence chart to trace the movement of the Israelites.
Sinai Desert
Chapter 3, Section 1Chapter 3, Section 1 The Promised Land The Promised Land
Sum It UpSum It Up►Who led the Israelites into
Canaan, and what city did they conquer under his leadership?
Joshua led the Israelites into Canaan. They conquered Jericho.
Chapter 3, Section 1 Chapter 3, Section 1
Section Wrap UpSection Wrap UpWhat did the Israelites believe?►The Israelites believed in one god
and followed the laws from the Torah, including the Ten Commandments.
Chapter 3, Section 1 Chapter 3, Section 1
Section Wrap UpSection Wrap Up►Where was the Promised Land of
the Israelites, and how did they return there?
►The Israelites returned to Canaan, their Promised Land, when God delivered them from slavery in Egypt.
Chapter 3
Section 2 – The Kingdom of Israel
Chapter 3, Section 2
The Kingdom of IsraelThe Kingdom of Israel(Pages 86–92)
Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read:• Why did the Israelites choose to follow kings instead of judges?• Who was King David and why was he important?• Why were the Israelites conquered?
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 The Kingdom of Israel The Kingdom of Israel
Terms to KnowTerms to Know
►prophet: person who claims to hear and speak words from God
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 The Kingdom of Israel The Kingdom of Israel
People to MeetPeople to Meet►Philistines: strongest people living
in Canaan; enemies of the Israelites;
►Saul: Israel’s first king; ►David: shepherd chosen by God to
replace Saul as king
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 The Kingdom of Israel The Kingdom of Israel
Academic VocabularyAcademic Vocabulary►instruct: to teach, to direct
Class Notes & Discussion
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 The Kingdom of Israel The Kingdom of Israel
Sum It UpSum It Up►Why did the Israelites want a
king?►The Israelites wanted a king to
unite and lead them against their enemies, the Philistines.
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 David and Solomon David and Solomon
SummarizingSummarizingAs you read, complete the following sentences. Doing so will help
you summarize the section.
1. David defeated the giant Philistine named ______________ with a ______________. As David won more victories ______________ became jealous and plotted to ______________ David.
2. David took over the throne in about ______________, when Saul and his sons were ______________ in battle.
Goliathslingshot
killed
kill
1000 B.C.
Saul
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 David and Solomon David and Solomon
SummarizingSummarizing3. David created an empire and established
the capital of ______________. His son ______________ built a great temple there.
4. When Solomon died, the 12 tribes broke into two nations: ______________ and ______________.
JerusalemSolomon
IsraelJudah
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 David and SolomonDavid and Solomon
Terms to KnowTerms to Know►empire: a nation that rules several
other nations; ►tribute: money or enslaved
persons given to a stronger ruler; ►proverbs: wise sayings
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 David and SolomonDavid and Solomon
Places to LocatePlaces to Locate►Jerusalem: the capital of Israel
established by David, later became the capital of Judah;
►Judah: smaller kingdom that broke away from Israel, founded by two tribes in the south
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 David and SolomonDavid and Solomon
Academic VocabularyAcademic Vocabulary►expand: to make bigger; ►symbol: an image or object used to
represent something else
Chapter 3, Section 2Chapter 3, Section 2 David and SolomonDavid and Solomon
Sum It UpSum It Up►Why did Solomon tax the people
so heavily?
Solomon taxed the people so heavily Solomon taxed the people so heavily in order to pay for the temple and in order to pay for the temple and other buildings he built in other buildings he built in JerusalemJerusalem
Chapter 3, Section 2 A Troubled TimeChapter 3, Section 2 A Troubled Time
SequencingSequencing► As you read, place the following events in the correct order
by numbering them in the spaces provided.
____ The Egyptians conquer Judah ____ The Jews unite with the Egyptians to fight the Chaldeans ____ King Nebuchadnezzar captures Jerusalem ____ The Assyrians conquer Israel and scatter the 10 tribes ____ Nebuchadnezzar takes the Jews into captivity in Babylon ____ The Assyrians become known as Samaritans and eventually worship Israel’s God ____ The Chaldeans conquer Egypt
35
617
2
4
Chapter 3, Section 2 A Troubled TimeChapter 3, Section 2 A Troubled Time
People to MeetPeople to Meet►Nebuchadnezzar: Chaldean king
who defeated Judah and captured Israel
Chapter 3, Section 2 A Troubled Time Chapter 3, Section 2 A Troubled Time
Academic VocabularyAcademic Vocabulary►route: a road or way for travel
Chapter 3, Section 2 The Kingdom of Israel
Reading StrategyReading Strategy
Location Israel
Capital City
Date Conquered
Conquered By
Judah
North South
772 B.C. 620 B.C.
Assyrians Egyptians
Chapter 3, Section 2 A Troubled TimeChapter 3, Section 2 A Troubled Time
Sum It UpSum It Up►Why did the Assyrians and
Chaldeans want to control the land belonging to the Israelites?The Assyrians and Chaldeans were The Assyrians and Chaldeans were building their own empires in building their own empires in southwest Asia. They wanted to southwest Asia. They wanted to control trade routes that ran control trade routes that ran through the Israelite kingdom.through the Israelite kingdom.
Chapter 3, Section 2 Egypt’s Old KingdomChapter 3, Section 2 Egypt’s Old Kingdom
Section Wrap-UpSection Wrap-UpNow that you have read the section, write the answers to the Now that you have read the section, write the answers to the
questions that were included in questions that were included in Setting a Purpose for Reading Setting a Purpose for Reading at the beginning of the lesson.at the beginning of the lesson.
Why did the Israelites choose to follow kings instead of judges?
►Israelites choose to follow kings Israelites choose to follow kings instead of judges instead of judges because they wanted a strong leader to unify them and protect them from their enemies.
Chapter 3, Section 2 Egypt’s Old KingdomChapter 3, Section 2 Egypt’s Old Kingdom
Section Wrap-UpSection Wrap-UpWho was King David and why was he
important?►King David is considered the greatest King David is considered the greatest
king of Israel. He conquered king of Israel. He conquered neighboring nations, created an empire, neighboring nations, created an empire, and established the capital of and established the capital of Jerusalem.Jerusalem.
Chapter 3, Section 2 Egypt’s Old KingdomChapter 3, Section 2 Egypt’s Old Kingdom
Section Wrap-UpSection Wrap-UpWhy were the Israelites conquered?►The powerful Assyrians and The powerful Assyrians and
Chaldeans threatened the weakened Chaldeans threatened the weakened Israelites. They wanted to control Israelites. They wanted to control the trade routes through Israel. The the trade routes through Israel. The Israelites were conquered by the Israelites were conquered by the Assyrians in 722 B.C.Assyrians in 722 B.C.
Chapter 3
Section 3 – The Growth of Judaism
Chapter 3, Section 3
The Growth of JudaismThe Growth of Judaism(Pages 93–102)
Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read:• How did Judaism grow in the period following their exile?• Why did the Romans destroy the temple and exile the Jews?
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Growth of Judaism Chapter 3, Section 3 The Growth of Judaism
Reading StrategyReading StrategyAs you read page 96 in your textbook, complete this diagram to describe the Maccabees.
Led by priest named Judas Maccabeus
Rebelled against Antiochus and fled
Formed an army called the MaccabeesDrove the Greeks out of Judah and destroyed all traces of Greek gods in their temple
Restored their temple to worship of their God
Remembered in the celebration of HanukkahBecame new ruler of Judah
Chapter 3, Section 3 Exile and ReturnChapter 3, Section 3 Exile and Return
OutliningOutliningI. Why Did Jews Return to Judah?
A. ___________________________
B. ____________________________
The Persian king Cyrus allowed the Jews to return to Judah.
Persians controlled the government, so Jews looked to their religion forleadership.
Chapter 3, Section 3 Exile and ReturnChapter 3, Section 3 Exile and Return
OutliningOutliningII. What Is in the Hebrew Bible?
A. ___________________________
B.____________________________
Thirty-nine books including Jewish history and the Torah.
The Jews believed that God had a special role for them in history.
Chapter 3, Section 3 Exile and ReturnChapter 3, Section 3 Exile and Return
OutliningOutliningIII. The Jews Look to the Future
A. ___________________________
B. ____________________________
The Bible describes God’s plans for a peaceful future.
The Jews believed that good would ultimately triumph over evil.
Chapter 3, Section 3 Exile and ReturnChapter 3, Section 3 Exile and Return
Terms to KnowTerms to Know►exile: forced removal from a
native country;►Sabbath: weekly day of worship
and rest;►synagogue: Jewish place of
worship
Chapter 3, Section 3 Exile and ReturnChapter 3, Section 3 Exile and Return
Places to LocatePlaces to Locate►Babylon:Babylon: the land of exile for the the land of exile for the
JewsJews
Chapter 3, Section 3 Exile and ReturnChapter 3, Section 3 Exile and Return
Academic VocabularyAcademic Vocabulary►series: objects or events that come
one after the other; ►symbol: an image or object used to
represent something else
Chapter 3, Section 3 Exile and ReturnChapter 3, Section 3 Exile and Return
Terms to ReviewTerms to Review►Scribe:Scribe: A Jewish scribe named A Jewish scribe named
Ezra helped write the first five Ezra helped write the first five books of the Torah.books of the Torah.
Chapter 3, Section 3 Exile and ReturnChapter 3, Section 3 Exile and Return
Sum It UpSum It UpWho allowed the Jews to return to Who allowed the Jews to return to
Judah?Judah?
Cyrus allowed the Jews to return to Cyrus allowed the Jews to return to Judah.Judah.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the GreeksChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Greeks
QuestioningQuestioning►As you read, write three questions about the
main ideas presented in the text. After you have finished reading, write the answers to these questions.
►Student questions should be based on the main ideas in the text, including the influence of the Greeks on the Jews, the Diaspora, the Maccabees, and Hanukkah.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the GreeksChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Greeks
Terms to KnowTerms to Know►Diaspora:Diaspora: term referring to the term referring to the
scattered people of Israelscattered people of Israel
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the GreeksChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Greeks
People to MeetPeople to Meet►Judas Maccabeus: priest who led
the rebellion against Antiochus and the new ruler of Judah
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the GreeksChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Greeks Academic VocabularyAcademic Vocabulary►version: translation from another
language;►trace: visible evidence
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the GreeksChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Greeks
Sum It UpSum It UpHow did Alexander the Great affect the How did Alexander the Great affect the
Israelites?Israelites?► Alexander the Great introduced Alexander the Great introduced
the Israelites to Greek language and the Israelites to Greek language and culture. Jews who learned Greek culture. Jews who learned Greek translated the Hebrew Bible. This translated the Hebrew Bible. This helped people who were not Jews helped people who were not Jews understand Jewish history and ideas.understand Jewish history and ideas.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jewish Way of LifeChapter 3, Section 3 The Jewish Way of Life
Determining the Main IdeaDetermining the Main Idea
Jewish law set out rules for livingJews placed great importance on family
Jews followed strict dietary lawsEducation was very important, including
religious education for boys
Jewish law forbade mixing some fabrics
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jewish Way of Life Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jewish Way of Life
Academic VocabularyAcademic Vocabulary►affect:affect: to cause a change or have to cause a change or have
an impact on; an impact on; ►community:community: a group of people a group of people
living in the same placeliving in the same place
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jewish Way of Life Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jewish Way of Life
Sum It UpSum It UpWhy were sons especially valued in
Jewish society?► Sons were especially valued in
Jewish society because they carried on the family name and became head of the family upon the father’s death.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the RomansChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Monitoring ComprehensionMonitoring Comprehension 1. What did Herod do as king?►Herod was cruel. He made the Herod was cruel. He made the
temple very grand, ruled when temple very grand, ruled when Jesus was born, and he allowed Jesus was born, and he allowed Jewish rulers to run Judah.Jewish rulers to run Judah.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the RomansChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Monitoring ComprehensionMonitoring Comprehension 2. 2. Why were the Jews unable to Why were the Jews unable to
regain control over their Roman regain control over their Roman rulers?rulers?
►The Jews were unable to regain The Jews were unable to regain control over their Roman rulers control over their Roman rulers because they were splintered into because they were splintered into different groups.different groups.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the RomansChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Monitoring ComprehensionMonitoring Comprehension 3. 3. Who were the Pharisees?Who were the Pharisees?►The Pharisees taught the Torah The Pharisees taught the Torah
and how to apply it to daily life.and how to apply it to daily life.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the RomansChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Monitoring ComprehensionMonitoring Comprehension 4. 4. Who were the Sadducees?Who were the Sadducees?►The Sadducees were priests and The Sadducees were priests and
scribes concerned with the law in scribes concerned with the law in the Temple.the Temple.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the RomansChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Monitoring ComprehensionMonitoring Comprehension 5. 5. Who were the Essenes?Who were the Essenes?►The Essenes were priests who The Essenes were priests who
broke away from the temple and broke away from the temple and lived in the desert praying for lived in the desert praying for God’s deliverance.God’s deliverance.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the RomansChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Monitoring ComprehensionMonitoring Comprehension 6. 6. What were the cause and results What were the cause and results
of the Jewish revolts?of the Jewish revolts?►Jewish hatred of the Romans led Jewish hatred of the Romans led
to the revolts. The revolts led to to the revolts. The revolts led to the death of thousands, the the death of thousands, the destruction of the temple, and destruction of the temple, and exile. The Romans renamed Judah exile. The Romans renamed Judah Palestine.Palestine.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the RomansChapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Monitoring ComprehensionMonitoring Comprehension 7. 7. What role did rabbis play in What role did rabbis play in
Jewish society?Jewish society?►Rabbis were teachers of the Torah Rabbis were teachers of the Torah
who held an important place in who held an important place in Jewish society. They developed Jewish society. They developed the Talmud to pass on teachings the Talmud to pass on teachings about the Torah.about the Torah.
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Terms to KnowTerms to Know►messiahmessiah: : a deliverer sent by God;a deliverer sent by God; ►rabbirabbi: : teacher of Jewish lawteacher of Jewish law►TalmudTalmud: the combined teachings : the combined teachings
of the Torahof the Torah
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
People to MeetPeople to Meet►Herod:Herod: Roman king who ruled over Roman king who ruled over
Judaea;Judaea;►Zealots:Zealots: Jews who wanted to fight the Jews who wanted to fight the
Romans for their freedom;Romans for their freedom; ►Johanan ben Zakkai:Johanan ben Zakkai: Jewish rabbi Jewish rabbi
who founded a school in northern who founded a school in northern Palestine that became a center of Palestine that became a center of Torah studiesTorah studies
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Academic VocabularyAcademic Vocabulary►expand: expand: to make bigger;to make bigger; ►despite: despite: in spite ofin spite of
Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans Chapter 3, Section 3 The Jews and the Romans
Sum It UpSum It Up►How did the Roman conquest
affect the Jews?
►Ultimately, the Roman conquest Ultimately, the Roman conquest resulted in loss of Jewish lives, as resulted in loss of Jewish lives, as well as their homeland and temple.well as their homeland and temple.
Chapter 3, Section 3 Chapter 3, Section 3 The Growth of Judaism The Growth of Judaism
Section Wrap-UpSection Wrap-UpNow that you have read the section, write the answers to the Now that you have read the section, write the answers to the
questions that were included in questions that were included in Setting a Purpose for Setting a Purpose for Reading Reading at the beginning of the lesson.at the beginning of the lesson.
How did Judaism grow in the period How did Judaism grow in the period following their exile?following their exile?
► Jews who were scattered to other lands learned Greek and translated their Bible so that other people could learn about Jewish ideas.
Chapter 3, Section 3Chapter 3, Section 3 The Growth of Judaism The Growth of Judaism
Section Wrap-UpSection Wrap-UpWhy did the Romans destroy the Why did the Romans destroy the
temple and exile the Jews?temple and exile the Jews?
The Romans destroyed the temple The Romans destroyed the temple and exiled the Jews to crush the and exiled the Jews to crush the Jews spirit and prevent further Jews spirit and prevent further uprising.uprising.
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