Introduction to Sudan & Darfur Case Study

2014

Scramble for Africa

Sudan Colony of Britain

British Ruled as two separate colonies! Created inequality!

Khartoum, Northern SudanDeveloped under British Rule!

• Northern most of the urban centers. • 22 million Sudanese-Arabic & Muslims.

Southern Sudan was neglected & not developed during British Rule!

Juba, SudanThe southern region has a population of around 6 million and a predominantly rural, agricultural economy A majority are non- Arab & Christian.

After Independence….The Arab Government in the North continued to neglect the South.The People of the South want to secede (break away) which starts a series of Civil Wars.Estimates of 2 Million killed in Civil Wars & 4 million displaced!!

Further complicating the situation…New Leader & Oil in South Sudan

General Omar al- Bashir President Bashir

Crisis in Darfur?

• Darfur is economically one of the poorest regions in the world!

• Khartoum prospers, Darfur does not! The government neglected Darfur just as they had in South Sudan.

• 2003- Non- Arab (African farmers) rebels from Darfur, attacked government buildings in Khartoum. (Arab dominated)

Darfur is in the western part of Sudan

Al- Bashir Government began to attack Darfur as they had in the South.

• In response to the, government of Sudan sent a militia to brutally attack the African rebels in Darfur.

• Janjaweed (Devils on Horseback) nomadic "Arab" tribes.

During ongoing Civil War in Sudan, crisis in Darfur!The same government that responded with great violence to stop the Southern part of the country from succession….. Responded with violence with the people of Darfur attacked North Sudan!

Darfur Crisis/part of Sudanese Civil War!As of 2008

Darfur War26 February 2003– 2005

World response?Early Stages: The U.S. has declared it to be a genocideUnited Nations has threatened oil sanctions, but China has been reluctant to approve resolutions.

Stop Here

• Come back to these notes once students have completed Frontline: On Our Watch.