the building blocks used to create a work of art

ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

ELEMENTS OF ART• Line• Shape• Form• Value• Color• Space• Volume/Mass

LINEAn extended point; with length and direction

Can you Name some types of

lines?

Wassily Kandinsky • Russian-born artist

• one of the first creators of pure abstraction in modern painting

• 1866-1944

"Composition VIII", 1923Composition VIII reflects the influence of Suprematism and Constructivism

He uses different colors within the forms to energize their geometry: a yellow circle with blue halo versus blue circle with yellow halo; a right angle filled with blue and an acute angle colored pink.

Jackson Pollock• American Painter

• the commanding figure of the Abstract Expressionist movement

• 1912-1956

“Lavender Mist: Number 1”, 1950

• Pollock was the first “all-over‘” painter, pouring paint rather than using brushes and a palette, and abandoning all conventions of a central motif

• “The painting has a life of its own. I try to let it come through.”

• He painted no image, just ”action”

Piet Mondrian• Dutch Abstract Painter

• the real artist of geometry, “abstract purity”• 1872-1944

“Composition with Red, Yellow, Blue and Black”, 1921• Mondrian imposed rigorous

constraints on himself, using only primary colors, black and white, and straight-sided forms.

• he developed a new style of abstract painting, replacing his cluttered canvasses with simplicity

LINE• Outline• Contour Line• Gesture Line

SHAPE• A closed line • It is 2-D• Can be

geometric • Can be organic

Henri Matisse• French Fauvist Artist• 1869-1954

“Anfitrite”, 1947

• gouache on paper cut and pasted

• Matisse generally cut the shapes out freehand, using a small pair of scissors and saving both the item cut out and remaining scraps of paper.

FORM• A 3-D object

having volume and thickness

VALUE• “tone”• The lightness or

darkness of an color

Value Scale

1. Highlight2. Area of

Illumination3. Half Shade4. Deep Shade5. Cast Shadow

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

M.C. Escher, Drawing Hands 1948 Lithograph

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble M.C. Escher, Hand with Fir Cone 1921 woodcut

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

VALUE • Drawing Pencil

TEXTURE• surface quality • either tactile or visual• the degree of

roughness or smoothness

SPACE• the area between

and around objects

• Positive/negative space

COLOR“HUE”: color in it’s pure state• Chroma: purity or

intensity of color• Intensity: bright/dull• Value: light/dark

COLOR SCHEMES• Monochromatic• Analogous • Complementary• Triadic• Tint/Shade• Warm/Cool

VOLUME & MASS• V: Refers to the space

within a form

• M: the effect and degree of bulk, density, and weight of matter in space

Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913, Bronze

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN• Emphasis • Balance• Rhythm• Harmony• Movement• Proportion• Unity & Variety• Repetition• Pattern• Contrast

EMPAHSIS• Focal Point• area that first

attracts attention in a composition

BALANCE• feeling of visual

equality in shape, form, value, color, etc…

symmetrical or evenly

balanced

asymmetrical and un-evenly balanced

RHYTHM• A visual tempo or

beat• regular repetition of

elements of art to produce the look and feel of movement.

Henri Matisse, “Dance (I)”, 1909

HARMONY• A way of combining

elements of art to accent their similarities and bind the picture parts into a whole.

Henri Matisse, “Dance (I)”, 1909

MOVEMENT• A way of

combining visual elements to produce a sense of implied action.

Pablo Picasso, “Starry Night”, 1889

PROPORTION• size

relationship of parts to a whole and to one another.

Leonardo da Vinci , “Vitruvian Man”, 1480

UNITY & VARIETY• Unity: The quality of

wholeness or oneness; when the components of a work of art are perceived as harmonious, giving the work a sense of completion.

• Variety: adds interest by using contrasting elements within the composition; an assortment.

UNITY & VARIETY

Wasily Kandinsky, “Several Circles”, 1926

REPETITION• Element occurring

more than once• Repetition with

Variation is interesting,

• without variation repetition can become monotonous

PATTERN• The repetition of

anything - shapes, lines, or colors in a planned way

• Also called a motif, in a design

M.C. Escher, Path of Life III 1966 woodcut in red and black, printed from 2 blocks

CONTRAST• when two related

elements are different. • using opposing qualities

next to each other. For example, black and white

• Contrast adds variety to the total design and creates unity.

Georges La tour, Joseph the Carpenter 1645, Louvre, Paris

References

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