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Elements Elements && PrinciplesPrinciples

Of Design

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To identify elements and principles of design

To apply elements and principles of design to interiors

To examine the impact of elements and principles of design on apparel decisions

Objectives

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ElementsElementsLineShape/FormSpaceTexture/PatternColor

PrinciplesPrinciplesRhythmEmphasisBalanceProportion/ScaleHarmony

Elements & Principles

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Elements of Design

line

shape--form

space

texture

color

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LineLineA mark that is greater in length than in widthIndicates directionMany different types of lines

straightcurvedhorizontalverticaldiagonal

Elements

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VerticalVerticalDignity, discipline,

strengthEmphasize height in a

roomMake people appear

more slender when used in apparel

HorizontalHorizontalSense of rest,

relaxationCounteract vertical

linesToo many can make

a room seem dullCan make a person

appear heavier

ElementsLineLine

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DiagonalDiagonalBreak monotony of

vertical and horizontal Help move eye

around roomMore interestingMore difficult to use

CurvedCurvedPortray grace, youthMore relaxed and

informalLivelier

ElementsLineLine

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Shape/FormShape/FormSolid objects, opposite of spaceFree space does not existShape

2-dimensional (length, width)geometricorganic (free flowing)

Form3-dimensional (length, width, depth)

Elements

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Shape/FormShape/FormEveryone has his or her own shape/form and

should consider this when purchasing apparelrectangle-little difference in bust/chest, waist and hip

measurementshourglass-balanced from top to bottom; bust/chest

and hips about equal, waist smaller in measurementtriangle-(pear shaped) bottom heavy, small

bust/chest, narrow shouldersinverted triangle-broad shoulders, full bust/wide

chest, narrow lower body

Elements

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Shape/FormShape/Form

Elements

What is your body shape?

What types of clothing look best on your shape?

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SpaceSpaceTotal area a person can see

Large shapes and forms break up space

Area around shape/form is called negative space

Elements

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TextureTextureSurface quality of textile or finishCan be apparent (visual) or tactile (touch)Kinds of texture

roughsmoothdullshinysoft

Elements

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ColorColorLight reflected off objects

Can have strong emotional and psychological impact

Main characteristicshue (name)value (how light or dark)intensity (how bright or dull)

Elements

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ColorColorWARMWARM colors: red—orange—yellow

active, exciting, aggressive

COOLCOOL colors: blue—violet—green calming, restful, passive

Elements

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Color WheelColor Wheel

Elements

warm cool

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primary secondary

intermediate

ElementsColorColor

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Principles of Design

balance

emphasis

harmony

rhythm

proportion—scale

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BalanceBalanceDistribution of visual weightCreates a sense of rest and equilibriumEquality between opposite elementsTwo types

symmetrical—(formal balance) exactly same on both sides

asymmetrical—(informal balance) balanced, but each side is different

Principles

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RhythmRhythmRepetition of one or more design elements

Creates a feeling of organized movement, sense of order

Used to guide eye through design, provide direction

Principles

Example: collection of vases displayed on a shelf, row of buttons on garment or stripes

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Principles

What type of balance does this

room have?

Where is the rhythmin this room?

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EmphasisEmphasis“Center of interest,” “focal point,” catches the

viewers’ attention

Element that has been exaggerated or centralized to draw viewers’ eye

Principles

Example: fire place, vase of flowers, artwork piece of jewelry, scarf, hair clip

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Principles

What area of this room is

your eye drawn to?

Why do you think this has

become the focal point?

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Proportion/ScaleProportion/ScaleRelationship of parts to each other and to design

as a whole

Size, amount, number relate well with each other

Relationship between size and shape; shape and surroundings

Principles

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Principles

Is this area well-proportioned or disproportioned?

Compare the size and scaleof the objects in theroom to one another

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Harmony/UnityHarmony/UnityUnity + Variety = Harmony

Unity-everything works together

Variety-design is not boring, several elements used to hold viewers attention

Principles

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HarmonyHarmony

Principles

Discuss the designof this room

Are all of the elementsharmonious?

Why or why not?

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Discuss how texture and color can affect one’s emotions or feelings about a room, garment or object.

How do people express themselves through design?

Principles

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1. Name the four types of lines.

2. Describe the difference in symmetrical and asymmetrical balance.

3. Emphasis refers only to a brighter color.

Quiz

A. True B. False

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4. Harmony = _________ + __________

5. Give two examples of rhythm not discussed in the presentation.

6. Which of the following is not a correct definition of balance?

Quiz

A. distribution of visual weightB. creates a sense of rest and equilibriumC. equality between opposite elementsD. ending figure in your checkbook

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The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences

Texas Tech University. hs.ttu.edu/ccfs

Color Matters® - Design-Art. 2002. www.colormatters.com/colortheory.html

Vogue Patterns. 2002. www.voguepatterns.com/vpm/figure/figurem.htm

Acknowledgements

Production Coordinators

Allison Mangold

Production Manager

Geoff Scott

Executive Producer

G.W. Davis

© MMIII, MMIVCEV Multimedia, Ltd.