Vocabulary Judaism p 32 p72-75

Monotheism p32 p73

Covenant p32 p73

Torah p32 p72

Exodus p73

Jewish Diaspora p33 p155

Polytheism p33

Abraham (LFID) p32 p72

Moses p33 p73-74

Judaism and Christianity

Origins and BackgroundJudaism originates from the ancient Hebrew people.

“In the beginning” (2000-1750 BCE) 1st writings between 1000-800 BCE.

It’s the 1st monotheistic religion in the world.

The main laws and teachings of the religion come from the Torah (the 1st 5 books of the Hebrew Bible)

According to the Torah, Abraham (the father of the Hebrew people) was chosen by God (Yahweh) to move his family from Mesopotamia to Canaan. This was the beginning of the Hebrews.

Location and Holy Books

Started Canaan (modern day Israel, Jordan, and Syria.)

Today Israel and spread world wide

Holy BooksTorah,

Mosaic Law,

Talmud

Key Figures

Abraham According to the Torah, the father of the Hebrew people was chosen by God (Yahweh) to move his family from Mesopotamia to Canaan. This was the beginning of the Hebrews.

MosesAccording to the Torah Moses led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt sometime between 1300-1200BCE. (The Exodus).

According to the Torah, after the Exodus Moses was given the Ten Commandment by God.

The 10 Commandments

The 10 Commandments became the foundation for civil & religious law for Judaism.

Observant Jews follow many strict laws and rituals that guide daily life and the ways they worship.

Followers worship in a synagogue (place of worship).

Judaism Today

Today about 14 million people (Jewish people) practice Judaism.

Most of these Jewish people live in Israel & the United States.

Judaism has influenced both Christianity & Islam.

Branches of

Orthodox,

Reform,

Ashkenazim (German) ,

Hasidic,

Sephardim (Spain)

Important Information

Known as “people of the Book” because they base their lives on the Bible.

Torah is in the 1st 5 books of the Bible.

Follow the 613 commandments believed to have been given to Moses by God.

No widespread hierarchical structure.

The great Diaspora

The Holocaust

Zionist movement (the return of the Jews to Jerusalem)

Vocabulary Christianity

Christianity p35 p153-156

Apostles p35 p153

Resurrection p35

Bible p35,36

Jesus (LFID)p35,36p153,154

Christianity Origins 30 C.E.

It actually began around 30 CE (Height of Roman Empire) with teachings of Jesus

It gets its roots in Judaism taking many aspects of Judaism religious law and the many of the books of the Old Testament come from its Judaism back ground.

The core of the New Testament of the Bible deals with the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, the person in which Christianity is based. (You could call him the founder of Christianity.)

Important Figures

Mary (virgin mother)

Holy trinity (father, son, and holy ghost)

Jesus (Prophet )

Peter

Christianity Based On

Christianity is based on the Gospels, life & teachings of Jesus, ancient Hebrew law, and the death of Jesus.

These teachings can be found in the Christian text called the Bible (Old & New Testaments).

The first 4 books are called the Gospels

The Gospels are written by followers of Jesus and his teachings. Some were actually disciples of Jesus who later became known as Apostles.

Why was Christianity so appealing to so many people allowing it to

spread quickly?

It embraced all people (men, women, rich and poor)Open to all people

Gave hope to the powerless.

Appealed to those upset with the extravagances of Rome.

Offered a personal relationship with God.

Promised Eternal Life. Goal- Heaven

What they believe

Christians are monotheistic.

They believe Jesus was the Son of God and that he died on a cross so that men and women’s sins could be forgiven.

Christianity is practiced by approximately 2 billion people from all parts of the world.

PeterThe first pope and one of the first apostles. Known as the rock on which the church was built

Branches

Orthodox,

Lutheran,

Baptist,

Methodist,

Catholic,

Episcopal, etc.