10th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESSON

METALLIC CORROSION

VOLUME I : SESSIONS 1 to 4

7-11, November 1987, Madras, India

ticfllOrganised by:

CENTRAL ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTEKaraikudi, India

TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONSSwitzerland—Germany—UK—USA

CONTENTS

VOLUME I : SESSIONS 1 to 4

SESSION 1

ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION

1.1. Atmospheric Corrosion in Marine Environments . - 3L. Espada, P. Merino, A. Gonzalez and A. Sanchez

1.2. A Simulative Laboratory Test for Evaluation of Metallic Corrosion in Windy Coastal Atmosphere 9Ting-Chung Chang, Yiang I, Yaw-Tzong Horng

1.3. Long-term Atmospheric Corrosion of Mild Steel, Zinc, Copper and Aluminium in Spain 17M. Morcillo, S. Feliu and S. Gime'nez

1.4. The Atmospheric Corrosion Study of Galvanized Steel Wire Strand in Taiwan 27Yaw-Tzong Horng, Yiang I, Ting-Chung Chang

1.5. Corrosion Mapping for Catalonia, Spain • - • - 3 5J.M. Costa and M. Vilarrasa ' '. .

1.6. Application of Metallography to the Determination of Aluminium Corrosion in Different Test Sites inGalicia (N.W. of Spain) : 45L. Espada, M.E. Vazquez, M. Izquierdo and A. Gonzalez

1.7. Study of Behaviour of Several Zinc Coatings in Atmospheres Containing Sulphur Dioxide 49E. Almeida Padinha, D. Pereira and M.J. Justo

1.8. The Pitting Factors of Low Carbon Steel : Correlation between Accelerated and Atmospheric CorrosionTesting 59L. Espada, P. Merino, A. Gonzalez and A. Sanchez

1.9. A Study of Rust Layer of the Atmospheric Corrosion-resistant P-V System Low Alloy Steel 69WU Jixun and Chan Renrin

1.10. Application of Infrared Spectroscopy in. the Study of Atmospheric Rust Systems ' 75A. Raman .

1.11. Removal of the Corrosive Hydrogen Sulfide Pollutant from the Intake Air for a Controlled Environment 95Chieh-Mei Hsiao, Daw-Ming Fann, A.S.T. Chiang and Yiang 1. . .

1.12. Utilisation of Weathering Steels in Czechoslovakia 101Lubomir Rozlivka

1.13. Chloride Ion Effect on Alluminium under Atmospheric Corrosion Conditions • 113• P.L. Cabot, J.M. Costa, H. Vidal and M. Vilarrasa

1.14. The Morphology of Corrosion Products on Steel " 121R.A. Francis . •

1.15. Effect of Air Pollution on Corrosion of Mild Steel: Preliminary Field Studies at Three Sites in Madras City 131S. Chandrasekaran, R. Jayabalou, Y.V. Subrahmanyam and D. Raguraman ' •

1/16. Atmospheric Corrosion of Metals —Long Term Exposure Results at Mandapam Camp 143Af. Sundaram, P.S. Mohan and V. Ananth

1.17. Atmospheric Testing of Metallic Coatings . ' 147Herbert, H. Lawson

1.18. Corrosion of Structural Metals in Atmospheres with Different Corrosivity at 8 Years' Exposure in Swedenand Czechoslovakia • . 167V. Kucera, D. Knotkova, J. Gullman and P. HollerCorrosion of Metals in Sulphur Dioxide Atmosphere—A Laboratory Study 179P.S. Mohan, M. Sundaram and S. GuruviahAtmospheric Steel Corrosion in Industrial Zone of Pancevo " • 185Milena Matic-Vlaskalin and Pejakovic Jasmina

SESSION 2

BASIC ASPECTS OF CORROSION

2.1. Temperature Influence on Corrosion of Armco Iron in Acid Solutions 193G. Perboni and G. Rocchini

2.2. The Mechanism of Tensile Stress Accelerating Anodic Dissolution of Metals 201Wei Booming and Hao Ling

2.3. Cathodic Polarization of Vapour Deposited Aluminium Film Electrodes in HC1 Medium 209A.M. Ghander, F.M. Reicha and M.I. Youssif

2.4. Pourbaix Diagrams Derivation in the Presence of Polynuclear Species in Solution 219I.F. Fishtik, l.G. Povar and I.I. Vataman

2.5. The Study of the Particle Size of the Inner Rusty Layer of Seawater Corroded Products of Low Alloy Steel 223Ma Ruzhang, Wu Jixun, Yang Dejun, Ji Guiquan and Wuifanf

2.6. Corrosion of Steels in the H2O-H2S System : Protective Properties of Corrosion Film 229M.V. Popa, Cristina Cimpoeru, Gh. Beizadea, E: Roman and D. Crisan

2.7. The Anodic Dissolution of Iron XII. Recent Findings Supplementing the Information about the Kineticsof the Dissolution Reactions „ 239G. Bech-Nielsen and J.C. Reeve

2.8. Electrochemical Behaviour of Copper-Nickel Alloy in Sodium Chloride Solut ion 249Fu-Xing Gan, Zhe Zhang and Lu-An Yao

2.9. Features of Electrochemical Noises du r ing P i t t ing Corrosion 257Cao Chu-Nan, Lin Haichao and Chang Xiaoyuah

2.10. T h e Erosion Corrosion Behaviour of Cu-Ni Alloys in Synthetic or Natura l Seawater from Potential a n d 'Impedance Measurements • ~ 263P.R. Roberge and R. Beaudoin

2.11. T h e Effect of Copper-addi t ion on Electrochemical Behaviour and Surface Compos i t ion of FerriticStainless Steel in Sulphur ic Acid Solut ion ' 271M,. Seo, J. Guo, G. Hultquist, C. Leygraf and N. Sato

2.12. The Study of Anodic Behaviour of Ni-P Alloy in Chloride Solution 27?Yuan Jiang-Nan and Wen Li-Chang

2.13. An Electrochemical Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in Clay 285Yin Yaode, Zhang Lihua and Gao Ying •

2.14. Electrochemical Behaviour of Aluminium in NaCl-Anodic Polarisation in Alkaline Solutions 295R. Narayan and K.P. Sheriff

2.15. Partial Electrochemical Reduction of Thin Oxide Film Grown on Stainless Steel Nb Alloys 305S.E. Kuriand C.V. D'Alkaine \

2.16. Electrochemical Corrosion of Copper and Copper Sulphide in Acidic Solutions 311W. Barzyk, P. Wandzilak and A. Pomianowski

2.17. Oxidat ion and Corrosion of AISI 304. Study by Cyclic Voltammetry, Potentiostatic, Galvajiostatic andImpedance Methods • "819T.F. Otero, Y.J. Jimenez and M.P. Huete

2.18. Peculiarities of the Electrochemical and Corrosion Behaviour of Metals (Fe.Al) in Aprotic Media 329V.A. Safonov, L.Yu. Komissarov and S.A. Sokolov

2.19. Electrochemical and Corrosion Behaviour of Zr-based Intermetallic Compounds 335O.A. Petrii, S.Ya. Vasina and I.L. Gogichadze

2.20. Electrochemical Behaviour of Copper-Nickel Alloy in Sulfide Polluted Sea Water 343M.C. Leiro and B.M. Rosales

2.21. Thin Layer Mixed Potential Model for the Corrosion of High Level Nuclear Waste Canisters 351Mirna Urquidi-McDonald and Digby D. McDonald

2.22. Mass Transfer Aspects of Electrochemical Corrosion 383F.A. Abdulaleem, F.M. Al-Habdan and M.E. El-Dahshan

2.23. Corrosion Behaviour of Titanium Anodic Oxide Films ' 397Shang-Fen Xie

2.24. Electrochemical Aspects of Selective Sulphide Mineral Dissolution - 403M.K. Yelloji Rao and K.A. Natarajan

2.25. Zinc Behaviour in Slightly Alkaline Solutions. The Reduction Process 417N. Bocchi and C.V. D'Alkaine

2.26. Development of the Theory of Structural Electrochemical Corrosion of Metals and Alloys 425N.D. Tomashov

2.27. Corrosion Behaviour of Sintered Stainless Steel in Sulphuric Acid and Sodium Chloride Solutions 441T. Raghu, S.N. Malhotra and P. Ramakrishnan

2.28. Dynamic System Analysis in Corrosion Research and Testing " 457K. Jiittner and W.J. Lorenz

2.29. Corrosion in Ferric Chloride Solutions. Evaluation by D.C. Electrochemical Methods 465/./. Royuela

2.30. Corrosion-electrochemical Properties and Some Aspects of the Electronic Structure of ChromiumCarbides, Nitride and Carbo-nitrides 473Ya.M. Kolotyrkin, V.M. Knyazheva, S.G. Babich and V.B. Kozhevnikov

2.31. Hydrogen Evolution Kinetics in Corrosion of Copper, Iron and Zinc in Water 481Af. Seo, G. Hultquist, L. Grdsjo and-N. Sato

2.32. Chemical Corrosion of Silver in Silver Nitrate Containing TiO2 and Alkaline Earth Metal Ions 489L. Bapat and J. Ramanan

2.33. Electrochemical Polarization Studies of API 5L Grade x 65 Steel in Chloride Solution 501B. Mazza, T. Pastore, P. Pedeferri and G. Rondelli

2.34. Studies on Bimetallic Corrosion 511Mrs. Venusubramanian, C. Rajagapal, Mrs. Vijayalakshmi Ramakrishnan and K. Balakrishnan

2.35. A United View of the Formation and Growth Phenomena of Oxides on Uniform Metal Electrodes 525M. Noel and K.I. Vasu

2.36. Mechanism of Tin Dissolution in Sulphuric Acid 531Af. Natesan and S. Venkalakrishna Iyer v-

2.37. Optical Study of Copper-inhibitor System . 537S. Muralidharan, R. Ravi, G. Rajagopal, N. Palaniswamy and K. Balakrishnan

2.38. Mechanism of Oxygen Reduction on Stainless Steel 543S. Muralidharan, R. Ravi, G. Rajagopal, N. Palaniswamy and K. Balakrishnan

2.39. Corrosion and Diffusion 553P. Radhakrishnamoorthy

2.40. Cathodic Polarisation in Aqueous Solutions 563J.S.L. Leach, B.R. Pearson and A. Rahmat

2.41. Influence of Crystallization on Corrosion on Fe-Ni-B Metallic Glasses 571V.S. Raja

2.42. Effect of Chloride Content in Industrial Water on Corrosion Behaviour of Steels 581Shih Shengtai, Xu Naixin, Zhang Chengdian, Pan Huiying and Zhou Fengming

2.43. Mechanistic Studies on the Dissolution of Copper in Sulphuric Acid and Hydrochloric Acid 587Af. Natesan, S. Syed Azim, R. Meenahshisundaram and N. Palaniswamy

2.44. Corrosion and Electrochemical Behaviour of Tungsten Carbide in Phosphoric Acid at High Temperature 593I.P. Anoshchenko, A.N. Tulenov and A.V. Androsov

2.45. Electrochemistry of Cr- and Ni-Base Binary Metallic Glasses 597P.V. Nagarkar, T.P. Moffat, P.C. Searson, R.M, Latanision and R.R. Ruf

2.46. Electrochemical Behaviour of Porous Nickel Electrode in Alkali Solutions 615G. Paruthimal Kalaignan, V.S. Muralidharan and K.I. Vasu

2.47. Nucleation and Growth of Anodic Films. IV. Anodic Deposition of Silver Sulphide 627S. Jaya, T. Prasada Rao and G. Prabhakara Rao

2.48. Galvanic Corrosion at Composite-metallic Materials Interface 633F. Bellucci, L. Nicodemo, A. Bongiovanni, A. Di Martino and G. Capobianco

2.49. Corrosion Studies of Zinc in Aqueous Binary Mixtures of Acetonitrile through Polarisation Technique 643L. Bahadur, P. Singh and Ravindra N. Singh

2.50. Electrochemical and AES Investigations of Some Metallic Glasses in Sulphuric Acid Solution 651I.B. Singh, R.D.K. Misra, T.K.G. Namboodhiri and R.S. Chaudhary '

SESSION 3

BIOLOGICAL CORROSION

3.1. Corrosion of 7075 Al Alloy in Media Contaminated by Cladosporium ResinaeE.S. Ayllon and B.M. Rosales

3.2. Steel Corrosion by Metabolic Products of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Prevention by InhibitorC. Sinicki and C. Gaboriau-Soubrier

3.3. Microbiological Corrosion of Steel in the Water of Thermal Power Plant . -A.P. Akolzin • •

3.4. The Influence of Bacteria of Sulphur Cycle on Lead CorrosionS.B. Yanover, A.I. Lisaya, O.A. Lunev, LA. Kozlova, L.M. Purish, N.P. Zvyagintsex/a and E.I. Andreyuk

3.5. Microorganisms as Factors of Damage of Gas Pipe-lines CoveringsE.I. Andereyuk, Zh. P. Kopteva, V.V. Zanina and A.E. Kopteva

3.6. Ecological and Biochemical Aspects of Corrosion of Underground ConstructionsE.I. Andreyuk, LA. Kozlova, N.S. Antonovskaya, .A.I. Pilyashenko-Novohatny

3.7. Changes in the Composition of Microbial Communities in the Process of Corrosion of ReinforcedConcrete ConstructionsA.M. Rozhanskaya, A.I. Pilyashenko-Novohatny, E.I. Anderyuk and LA. Kozlova

3.8. Mechanisms and Control of Microbiological Corrosion in Petroleum IndustryS.S. Chatterjee and K.C. Banerjee

SESSION 4

CASE STUDIES

4.1. Anti-corrosive Properties of Spent Motor OilsP. Petkov, N.. Benova and D. Mincov

4.2. Case Study of Corrosion in Desalination PlantsAf.£. El-Dahshan, F.M. Al-Habdan and F:A. Abdulaleem

4.3. Case Study : Development Motor Vehicle Underbody Coatings in YugoslaviaHusejn Huseljic

4.4. Corrosion and Its Protection of Evaporator's Red Copper Heating Pipe in Chemical Production of SaltMa Xinhua

4.5. Corrosion Behaviour and Stress State of Laser Hardened Zone on Spring SteelWu Weitao, Wang Maocai, Niu Yan, Zuo Yangxiu and Shen Dehe —

4.6. Failure of Copper Pipes in Kuwait's Domestic Tap WaterF. Al-Kharafi, H.M. Shalaby and V.K. Gouda

4.7. Corrosion and Material Problems in Cogeneration Boiler Systems of the Pulp and Paper IndustryD.G. Chakrapani

4.8. Electrochemical Aspects of Grinding Ball-Mineral Interactions in Ore GrindingK.A. Natarajan and I. Iwasaki

4.9. Electrochemical Study of the Corrosion Resistance of Copper and Some Brazings in Hot or Cold DomesticWaterH. Idrissi Chbihi and S. Audisio

4.10. Applicability of Electrochemical Impedance Technique in Metallic Sheets Quality Control for FoodIndustryI.C.P. Margarit, O.R. Mattos, T.M.C. Nogueira and W. Rosas

4.11. Corrosion Experience with a Large Vehicle FleetR.H. Casting

4.12. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Ammonia Storage SphereS.K. Grover, K.N. Parikh, A.K. Lahiri and P.K. Chaudhuri

4.13. The Exploitation of Low Temperature HeatDinko Zorovic and Aleksandar Zorovic

4.14. Fly Ash Erosion Behaviour of Boiler Tube Materials in the Coal-fired Boiler EnvironmentHisao Fujikawa, Yoshiaki Shida and Nobuo Ohtsuka '•

4.15. High Temperature Corrosion of Cast Iron Chains by Coal AshSalah El Moujahid o .

xii

4.16. Case Study of Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel Tubes due to Continuous ChlorinationTreatment of Cooling Water 861K. Elayaperumal

4.17. Use of Organo-phosphonate Cooling Water Treatment in Indian Chemical Process Industries 869K. Elayaperumal

VOLUME II : SESSIONS 5 to 9

SESSION 5

CATHODIC PROTECTION

5.1. Electrochemical Evaluation of Dissolution'Characteristics of Al-Basic Sacrificial Anodes in Seawater 879Zhang Jinglei, Guo Gongyu, Sun Kel lang and Hou Baorong

5.2. Vertical Semi-continuously Cast Aluminum Anodes, Further Improvements 885M.C. Reboul, J.L. Meteau, Af. Alliot and J.P. Heath

5.3. Optimization in Anode Arrangements in High Electric Resistance Media 895Toshiaki Kodama

5.4. Cathodic Protection Economics as Related to Graphite Anode Behaviour in Deep Groundbed Systems 905Joe F. Tatum, P.E. and Joseph F. Tatum, Jr., P.E.

5.5. Electrochemical Behaviour and Some Examples of Application of PbO2/Ti Electrode in Sea Water withDifferent Salinity 921Chen Huimin et al.

5.6. Mathematical Modelling of Electrochemical Protection . 927V.A. Makaro, V.T. Ivanov and N.P. Glazov

5.7. Protection of Steel by Inhibitors in Combination with Impressed Current 935J.C. Lin and H.C. Shih

5.8. Experimental Confirmation of a Mathematical Model for the Design of Cathodic Protection Systems 945B. Mazza, T. Pastore, P. Pedeferri, G. Taccani, E. Ferrari and F. Gasparoni

5.9. Development of a Series of Al-Zn-In Ternary Alloy Anodes for the Cathodic Protection of SubmergedStructures 955V. Kapali, K.N. Srinivasan, B. Venkataraman and K. Balakrishnan

5.10. Studies on Mg Alloys Containing Mn for use as Galvanic Anodes . 963K. Balakrishnan, T.M. Balasubramanian, N. Palaniswamy, B. Venkataraman and G.T. Parthiban

5.11. The Dissolving Mechanism of Aluminium Anodes in Chloride Solutions 969Wu Peiqiang and Wang Yuanxi . .

5.12. Aluminium Alloy Anodes for Cathodic Protection of Marine Structures 983A.G. Kulkarni and A.Y. Paranjpe

5.13. Micro-computer Controlled Cathodic Protection System 989K. Balakrishnan, S. Birlasekaran, P. Subramanian, R. Meenakshisundaram, G. Radhakrishnan, R.Kalidoss and Thirumalai Parthiban

5.14. Corrosion and Cathodic Protection of Ice Going Vessels in Subarctic and Arctic Environment 993' Jari Aromaa, Markku Tavi, Seppo Ylasaari and Ari Nylund.

5.15. Performances of Various Anodes Used in the Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System 1001S.S. Chatterjee and K.C. Banerjee •

5.16. Performance of Aluminum Alloy Anode in High Temperature Sea Mud 1013Hirotaka Ohkohchi, Minoru Hachiya and Katsutomo Oka

SESSION 6

COATINGS AND LININGS

6.1. Corrosion Preventive Coatings on Aluminium 1021K. Lakshman Rao

6.2. Considerations on the Corrosion Resistance of Metallic Materials Coated with Electroless Nickel. 1527G. Salvago and G. Fumagalli

Xll l

6.3. Status of Protective Coating and Lining in the Industry in Indian—An Overview . 1035V.S. Gupta, P.K. Ghosh and D.K. Guhasarkar

6.4. Effect of Deposition Temperature on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Tantalum Coating 1045Lu Yanping and Zhang Changxin

6.5. Corrosion of Metal Beneath Coatings 1051Lai Chun-Xiao

6.6. Influence of Thinner Addition on Brushability and Sagging of High Build Anticorrosive Paints 1063Beatriz Del Amo, Carlos A. Giudice and Vicente J.D. Rascio

6.7. A Study of the Relation between Ion Beam Etching and Chemical Etching of Aluminium Thin FilmsPrepared at Different Experimental Conditions 1071A.M. Ghander, F.M. Reicha and M.I. Youssif

6.8. Corrosion Resistance of Tantalum Coating in Fused Salt 1079Zhang Chang-Xing and Lu Yan-Ping

3.9. Evaluation of Anticorrosive Paint Binders by Means of A.C. Techniques Influence of the CoatThickness 1091A.R. Di Sarli, E.E. Schwiderke and J.J. Pdesta

6.10. . On Electrochemical Reductive Destruction and Cathodic Disbondment of Protective Polymeric Coatings 1101A.A. Pud and G.S. Shapoval

6.11. Effect of Some Factors on the Polymeric Coatings-to-Cathodic Disbonding Stability 1107G.S. Shapoval and V.A. Bagrij

6.12. Cathodic Process of Atmospheric Corrosion and ah Approach to Development of Rust Control Coating 1113Chen Junming and Wang Ge

6.13. Factors Influencing the Corrosion Resistance of Polyester Powder Films on Zinc Coated Steel 1119N.R. Short, S.O. Agbonlahor and J.K. Dennis

6.14. Study of Different Primers in Natural Environments 1129L. Espada, A. Gonzalez, A. Sanchez and P. Merino

6.15. Antifouling Paints of the Emulsion Type Based on Cuprous Oxide ~ 1133/ . / . Caprari and O. Slutzky

6.16. Investigation of Degradation Processes in Primer Coatings 1139Af. Kunst and I. Esih

6.17. Surface Enrichment of Mild Steel and Cast Iron with Silicon (by C. V.D. Process) and Corrosion Behaviourof Coated Materials in Hot Concentrated Sulfuric Acid • 1151Y. Cetre, S. Audisio and H. Mazille

6.18. Influence of Curing Process Parameters on the Quality of Organic Coatings 1157A. Zagar-Maricic and I. Esih

• 6.19. Effect of Phosphorus on the Structure and Corrosion Behaviour of Electrodeposited Co-P Films 1169A. Krolikowski

6.20. Study of Titanium Anodization by Means of O " Tracing and Ion Beam Analysis Techniques 1177Chen Heming, Zhang Zuchum, Bai Xindee and Lee Wangpei

6.21. The Technology and Practice in Production of Hot Dip Galvanised Steel Pipes by the Slight OxidationReduction Process 1187Chen Houzai

6.22. A Study on Ni-P Amorphous Electrodepositing Process 1195Wang Xin Dong, Wang Kuong and Xiao Heng

6.23. The Water Content and Transport through Chlorinated Rubber Hydrophobic Free Films 1199A Ruvolo-Filho and C.V. D'Alkaine

6.24. The Salt Content and Its Transport through Epoxy-Polyamide Hydrofobic Free Films 1207C.V. D'Alkaine, A. Ruvolo Filho and D. Ribeirio Da Silva

6.25. Electrochemical Measurements of Corrosion Beneath Organic Coatings . 1213J.D.B. Sharman, H.EM. Smith and J.M. Sykes

6.26. Some Aspects of the Application of Electrochemical Measurements for the Assessment and Selection ofZinc Rich Primers - 1225Dulcinea Pereira, M.G.S. Ferreira and E. Almeida Padinha

6.27. Limitations and Possibilities of the Typical Electrochemical Impedance Measurements for Studying• Anti-corrosive Paint Coatings 1235

S. Feliu, J.C. Galvan and Af. Morcillo

6.28. Studies on Corrosion of Electroless Nickel 1243K.S. Rajam and S.R. Rajagopalan

6.29. The Corrosion Behaviour of Low Alloyed Electroplated Zinc Layers 1257Wolfgang Paatsch

6.30. The Influence of Operating Conditions on the Behaviour of Coatings Exposed to Petroleum Fluids 1265Marcel Roche, Jean Pierre Sammaran and Emmanuel Larcher

6.31. Studies on Non-aqueous Phosphating 1275C. Rajagopal, Mrs. Venusubramanian, Mrs. Vijayalakshmi Ramakrishnan and K. Balakrishnan

6.32. Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance of Electrodeposited Chromium 1285G. Govindarajan, Mrs. Vijayalakshmi Ramakrishnan, Mrs. Venusubramanian and N.V. Parthasarthy

6.33. Corrosion Behaviour of Nitrided Steels in Sodium Chloride Solutions 1299J.P. Millet, S. Chechirlian, X.Z. Chen and H. Mazille

6.34. Electronoptical Investigations of the Inhibition of Corrosion of Mild Steel in the Presence of Paint FilmsContaining Zinc Chromate 1307C.A. Wright, J.D. Scantlebury, G.E. Thompson and S. Turgoose

6.35. The Effect of Laser Surface Treatment on High-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion Resistance ofMaterials and Coatings 1315R. Streiff

6.36. Evaluation of Zinc Electrodeposits for Corrosion Resistance . 1325Rm. Krishnan, S.R. Natarajan, V.S. Muralidharan and Gurdeep Singh

6.37. Effect of Anions of the Formation of Chromate Film on Zinc 1333C. Marikkannu, Vasanthi Sundaram, B. Venkataraman and K. Balakrishnan

6.38. Characteristics of Ni-Al2O5 Electrodeposited Composites ~1343Malathy Pushpavanam, K. Balakrishnan and L.R. Sharma

6.39. Corrosion Resistant Precoated Autobody Steel Sheets 1355S.R. Basu, P.K. Paul and B.N. Mukhopadhyay

6.40. Performance of Electroless Nickel-Tungsten Alloys 1371S. Syed Azim, V. Ganesa Sarma, K. Chandran and S. Guruviah

6.41. Electrodeposition of Acrylic Resin from Water Soluble Systems 1377S. Muthukrishnan, P. Jayakrishnan and S. Guruviah

6.42. Development of an Acrylic Coating for Corrosion Protection 1383S.Af. Krishnan and S. Guruviah

6.43. Water Borne Coatings Based on Polyester for Corrosion Protection of Metals 1389K. Raghupathy and S. Guruviah

6.44. Evaluation of Organic Coatings by Impedance Studies 1393S. Syed Azim and S. Guruviah

6.45. Cathodic Electrocoatings from Epoxy Based Paints 1399, P. Jayakrishnan, S. Muthukrishnan and S. Guruviah6.46. Electrodeposition of Corrosionstable Zinc Alloyed with Aluminium 1403

V.I. Korobov, L.Yu. Gnedenkov, V.M. Blinov, Yu. M. Loshkaryov and V.V. Trofimenko6.47. Evaluation of Organic Coatings on Pretreated Aluminium Alloys 1407

P.S. Mohan, V. Ganesa Sarma and S. Guruviah6.48. Chromizing of Steel Reinforcement Bars 1413

N. Karuppiah, G.T. Parthiban, S. Sreeveeraraghavan, N.S. Rengaswamy and K. R. Ramakrishnan6.49. Hot Corrosion of NiCoCrAlYTa Coatings 1419

Af. Frances, Af. Vilasi, M. Mansour-Gabr and J.P. Steinmetz6.50. The Corrosion Behaviour of Titanium Nitride Coatings in Dilute Acid Solutions 1429

Af. Tavi, K. Knuutila, O. Forsen and S. Ylasaari6.51. Studies of Aluminium Diffusion Treated Steel for Heat Exchanger Tubes 1435

C. Aravindakshan, P. Prabhakaram, A. Sen Gupta, A.N. Mukherji,P.C. Srivastava, T.L. Sharma and P.K.Roy

6.52. Change of Structure and Chemical Composition of "AlZn5Mg3Cul.5 Alloy during the Process ofAnodizing in Sulphuric Acid 1445Obrad Supic

xv

6.53. Cadmium Deposition from Perchloric Acid Based Electrolyte 1457S. Sriveeraragavan, S.R. Natarajan, K. Balakrishnan and J.D. Sharma

6.54. Investigations on Cathodic Disbonding of Chlorinated Rubber Coating on Mild Steel 1467Ali Abulkrim Elbasir and J.D. Scantlebury

6.55. Investigations of the Factors Affecting the Adhesion of Chlorinated Rubber on Mild Steel Using ModifiedBlister Technique 1475Ali Abulkrim Elbasir, J.D. Scantlebury and L.M. Callow

6.56. The Influence of a Fluoride Film on the Corrosion Resistance of Aluminium Heat Exchangers Fabricatedwith a Fluoride Flux . 1483D.E. Davies and R.M. Prigmore

SESSION 7

CORROSION IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES

7.1. Corrosion Fatigue of Steels for Prestressing Concrete . 1493V. Sanchez-Galvez and A. Martin

7.2. Electro-chemical Behaviour of Coated Reinforcement in Cement Concrete . 1499B.T. Patil, M.R. Gajendragad, T. Ramchandran, G. Ranganna^ and H.V. Sudhaker Nayak

7.3. Study of Metallic Corrosion of Tubing in Buildings. Evaluation by A.C. and D.C. Techniques - 1507F. Huete and J.J. Royuela

7.4. Studies on Corrosion Resistance of Sulphur Concrete . 1521G.T. Parthiban, S. Srinivasan, N.S. Rengaswamy and K. Balakrishnan

7.5. Application of Impedance Technique to Study the Corrosion Behaviour of Steel in Concrete 1525S. Srinivasan, G. Venkatachari, N.S. Rengaswamy and K. Balakrishnan

7.6. Deterioration of Concrete in Industrial Environments 15337\Af. Balasubramanian, S. Srinivasan, K. Balakrishnan and K. Saravanan .

7.7. Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Studied by ElectrochemicaMmpedance Measurements: Application to theMonitoring of Concrete Structures 1539F. Wenger, ]. Zhang, J. Galland and L. Lemoine

7.8. Corrosion Processes at Concrete/Iron Electrode . 1547M. Arpaia and Pernice • . *

SESSION 8

CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS

8.1. Accelerated Testing of Zirconium and Its Alloys Resistance for Specific Types of Corrosion 1559A.A. Barcov

8.2. Effect of Hydrochloric Acid Vapours at Room Temperature on the Oxide-Sulphide Scales on Fe-Cr-NiAlloys 1567

^ H. V. Sudhaker Nayak and H.J. Grabke8.3. Aqueous Corrosion of U3O8-A1 Cermet Cores 1577

Michelangelo Durazzo and Lalgudi V. Ramanathan8.4. On the Corrosion Characteristics of Some Modified Aluminium Alloys in Sea Water with Different

Pretreatments under Dynamic and Nearly Static Conditions 1587G. Venkateswaran, K.S. Venkateswarlu and E. Galow

8.5. A. Study of the Corrosion Processes of Low Alloy Steels in Artificial Sea Water 1601Wu Jixun, Ji Guiquan, Wu Wuifang and Ma Ruzhang

8.6. The Influence of Niobium on the Oxidation of All-Austenite Stainless Steels 1605Lalgudi V. Ramanathan and Angela F. Padilha

8.7. Influence of Rare Earth Metals Y, Ce and La on the High Temperature Sulfidation of Fe-25Cr-40Ni-Superalloy . • 1617Shi Shengtai (S.T. Shih), Huang Yuanwei and Han Yong

8.8. The Influence of Pb, Fe, Mg Alloying Impurities on the Corrosion Behaviour of Al-Brass Alloys 1627F. Mazza and S. Torchio

8.9. Corrosion of Molybdenum-containing Amorphous Iron Alloys . 1637E. Angelini, F. Zucchi and C. Antonione

8.10. Selective Corrosion of Brasses 1643R.O. Toivanen, V. Navratil and V.K. Lindroos

8.11. Improvement of Corrosion Behaviour of Cast Iron for Sulfuric Acid Concentration Plants byModification of Composition and Structure 1651Y. Cetre, P. Eichner and H. Mazille

8.12. Corrosion-resistant High-chromium, Titanium, Molybdenum, Ruthenium or Palladium Alloyed Steels 1659G.P. Chernova, L.A. Chigirinskaya, O.D. Agakishiev and N.D. Tomashov

8.13. Influence of Heat Treatments on the Corrosion Resistance of Cr'-Co Dental Alloys 1671E. Angelini and F. Zucchi

8.14. Duplex Stainless Steels the Cost Effective Answer to Corrosion Problems of Major Industries 1677D.C. Agarwal

8.15. Corrosion Kinetics Study of Sintered Fe/8% wt Cu by Means of Electrochemical Methods 1693E. Otero, A. Pardo, M.C. Merino, Af. Laguna and M.J. Cifuentes

8.16. Tarnishing and Corrosion of Semi-precious Alloys for Dental Applications 1703/ . Brugirard, P. Guiraldenq and H. Mazilee

8.17. Rapidly Quenched Pb-Sb, Pb-Sb-Sn Alloys Preparation and Their Physical and Corrosion ResistantProperties 1711

" D. Mukherjee and S. Guruviah

8.18. Effect of Aging on the Hardness and Corrosion Resistance Properties of F^BioSi, Metallic-glass 1719D. Mukherjee, G.T. Parthiban and R. Mahalingam

8.19. The Behaviour of High-Alloy Steels in Flue Gases 1725R. Markovic, Z. Strbacki, A. Tasovac and I. Esih

8.20. Mathematical Modeling for Carbon Diffusion and Carbide Precipitation in NiCr-based Alloys 1737W.J. Quadakkers, R. Schulten, K. Bongratz and H. Nickel

8.21. Corrosion Behaviour of Duplex Steel Obtained by Electron Beam Treatment of AISI 304 1747A. Mignone, A. Labarbera, S. Martelli, M. Vittori and R. Festa

8.22. Studies on the Behaviour of Lead-Antimony-Silver Alloy under the Influence of A.C. Superimposition 1757R. Vijayavalli

SESSION 9

ECONOMICS AND EDUCATION AND GENERAL ASPECTS

9.1. Analysis of Cost of Corrosion in Industry and Saving due to Adoption of Corrosion Control Measures 1765K.S. Rajagopalan

9.2.., The NACE-NBS Corrosion Data Program n 1781J.D. Trim, D.B. Anderson and G.J. Laverty

9.3. Mastering Process Industry Corrosion Problems : Anti-corrosion Measures as Part of Plant MaintenanceSystem 1785Ylasaari, Seppo . .

VOLUME III : SESSIONS 10 to 13

SESSION 10

ENVIRONMENT-ASSISTED CORROSION (EROSION, SCC, FATIGUE)

10.1. On Loading Mode (I, III) Technique as a Means of Determination of Crack Growth Mechanismin Stress-corrosion Cracking 1791V.A. Marichev

10.2. Texture-based Computer Modelling of Environmentally Induced Cleavage in Hexagonal Close PackedMetals 1799K. Linga Murty, Brent L. Adams and David L. Baty

10.3. Stress Corrosion Test Method Using Self-restraint Small-size Specimens 1825Y.W. Shi, H.H. Li and F.C. Liu

xvii

10.4. Stress Corrosion Cracking in Steels Used for the Manufacture of Nonmagnetic Drill Collars 1831H. Kohl

10.5. Liquid Metal Corrosion under Constant and Cycling Stress 1843Hans U. Borgstedt and Gunter Frees

10.6. Effect of Temperature, Concentration of Medium and Potential on Intergranular Stress CorrosionCracking of Mild Steel in NaNO,-solution ,. 1853Zhao Keqing

10.7. Resistance of Aluminized Steel to Environmental Corrosion , . 1863P. Molera and P. Tierra

10.8. Relations between the Non-sensitized Intergranular Corrosion and the Potentials and Test Method of ItsSusceptibility for 316L Stainless Steel 1867Yu Fuzhou, Wang Yueping and Cheng Hua

10.9. Electrochemical Conditions at the Crack Tip and Crack Propagation Rates during Corrosion Fatigue ofSteel in Deaerated Sea Water . 1871C.J. Van Der Wekken and J. Zuidema

10.10. Critical Conditions for High Alloys in Sour Gas Environments 1881Akihiro Miyasaka, Kozo Denpo and Hiroyuki Ogawa

10.11. Role of Microadditions of Boron in Intergranular Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels 1891O.V. Kasparova, V.M. Milman, N.I. Khokhlov and Ya. M. Kolotyfkin

10.12. Effect of CaClj Concentration on the Probability Distribution of Stress Corrosion Cracking Failure Timeof Type 304 Stainless Steel 1897T. Shibata, S. Fujimoto, A. Asada and J. Nakata

10.13. Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Sensitized AISI 304 by Fluoride Ions and Its Inhibition 1905G. Trabanelli, F. Zucchi andG. Demertzis

10.14. The Relationship between CrNi 18-10 Austenitic Stainless Steel Intergranular Corrosion and the LinearWelding Energy 1913,F. Bejan, V. Miclosi and V. Bratian

10.15. Co2 and HjS Oil Environments Resisting Steels 1919Liuba Damian, Nicolae Dragan and Silvia Jurubita

10.16. Evaluation of Resistance to Intergranular Corrosion of Stabilized Stainless Steels 1929Vladimir Cihal

10.17. The Surface Morphologies of Crack during Stress Corrosion Crack Propagation 1941Chu Youngchang and Yang Dazhung

10.18. Research on Acoustic Emission Characteristic and Mechanism of Stress Corrosion Cracking 1949Yang Dazhuang and Chu Youngchang

10.19. An Investigation into the Fretting-Corrosion-Fatigue of High Strength Steel Wire . 1959Af. Takeuchi and R.B. Waterhouse

10.20. The Fretting of Stainless Steels in Selected Corrosive Environments 1967B.R. Pearson and R.B: Waterhouse

10.21. Corrosion Fatigue Behaviour of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Chloride Solutions ' 1979T. Magnin, D. Desjardins and M. Puiggali

10.22. Effect of Some Extraneous Ions on the SCC Susceptibility of AISI 304 SS in Polythionic Acid 1987K. Ravindranath and S.N. Malhotra

10.23. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Mild Steel in a Cooling Water System due to Nitrobacteria 2001Af. Izumiya, N. Shimizu and Af. Yamamoto

10.24. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Soft Martensitic CrNi Steel Grade G-X5CrNil34 as a Function of Its Heat-treatment Condition 2009W. Gysel, H. Gathmann, S. Chandra and R. Stangel

10.25. Effect of Residual, Impurity Elements and Microstructure, on the Mechanical Properties and the Crack 'Growth Rate in Delayed Failure Test of Martensitic Fe-Ni Alloy 2037L. Larabi, Af. Habashi, J. Galland, J. Barta and Af. Tvrdy

10.26. Stress Corrosion Testing of Al-Zn-Mg Alloys 2051AID! Sahu

10.27. The Intergranular Corrosion Resistance of 17% Cr Ferritic Stainless Steels When Overheated 2063F. Bejan, O. Radovici, D. Nuta and A. Banu

xviii

10.28. Electrochemical Study of the Corrosion Fatigue of Low Alloy Steels in Aqueous Solutions ContainingCarbonate-bicarbonate Ions 2071Elida B. Castro, Liliana M. Gassa and Jorge R. Vilche

10.29. Stress Corrosion Cracking of High Strength Al-Cu-Mg-Si Alloys after Two-Step Aging 2081Chen Zailiang, Qian Yourong and Xing Shuyi

10.30. The Effects of Stress Ratio on Corrosion Fatigue Crack Growth of a High Strength Steel 2089Huang Shuju, Zhang Pingsheng, Quan Gaofeng and Song Yujiu

10.31. Effect of Environmental Media on Stress Corrosion Cracking of High Strength Steel 37SiMnCrMoV 2097Quyang Shewang, Li Renshun and Wu Rengeng

10.32. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Welded Joints in Caustic and Nitrate Solutions 2103Chen Zexin, Zhou Guangqi, Dong Junming, Qi Jigao, Xue Jin and Yang Hu

10.33. Subcritical Propagation of SC-crack of Welded Joints in Caustic and Nitrate Solutions 2111Chen Zexin, Zhou Guangqi, Dong Junming, Qi Jigao, Xue Jin and Yang Hu

10.34. Some Studies on Stress Corrosion Cracking in Plain Carbon Steels , 2121U.K. Chatterjee, S. Bhattacharya and S.C. Sircar

10.35. Effect of Solution Concentration on Stress-corrosion Cracking of Mild Steel in Phosphate Medium 2133R. Raicheff, J. Marcheva and L. Fachikov

10.36. Constant Strain Rate Test of SCC of Type 18/8 Ti Austenitic Stainless Steel in Boiling 45wt% MgCkSolution 2143Chen Liangshi and Song Shuying

10.37. Effect of Microstructure on Electrochemical Polarization and SCC of Eutectoid Steels 2157Raj Narayan, Ashok Kumar and K.P. Singh

10.38. The Relation between Stress Corrosion Cracking and Hydrogen Embrittlement 2165Li Ming Hua

10.39. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel in Amine Units 2177K. Rintamaki and P. Kuusela

10.40. Corrosion Behaviour of an AISI 304 Stainless Steel Hip Treated 2185Gianni Rondelli, Alberto Cigada, Bruno Vicentini and Tommaso Pastore

10.41. Slow Strain Rate Test Applicability for Sulphide Stress Corrosion Cracking Study of High AlloyedStainless Steels for Oil Wells 2193Alberto Cigada, Francesco Brunella, Bruno Vicentini and Leopoldina Galelli

10.42. Stress Corrosion Cracking of High Strength Prestressing Steel in IN Na2HPO; Medium 2205S. Ramu and N.S. Rengaswamy

10.43. Investigation on Some Factors Influencing Propagation of SCC of 18-8 Austenitic Stainless Steel in theMedium Containing Cl- 2209Wei Booming and Hao Ling

10.44. Significance and Integration of Creep Deformation Modeling in the Quantitative Evaluation ofIntergranular SCC at Moderade Temperature . 2215Y.S. Garud

10.45. Influence of Potential and pH on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of a Duplex Stainless Steel in ChlorideSolution 2223S.K. Ghosal, P.K. De, H.S. Gadiyar and G.V. Prabhugaonkar

10.46. Influence of Externally Applied Stresses on Pure Nickel in a Dry, Sulphidizing Environment 2237E. Robin and S. Toesca

10.47. Effect of Ageing at 973K on the Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of Type 304 Stainless Steel in BoilingMgCl8 Solution 2241P. Muraleedharan and J.B. Gnanamoorthy

10.48. Evaluation of Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) in Sodium Chloride Solution ofWeldments of Cold Rolled Type 316 Stainless Steel • 2249H.S. Khatak, J.B. Gnanamoorthy, K.A. Padmanabhan and P. Rodriguez

10.49. Hot Salt Stress Corrosion Cracking of a Titanium Alloy: The Phenomenon in View of Aero Gas TurbineOperating Condition 2255R.K. Dinnappa

10.50. The Influence of Carburizing and Decarburizing Environments on the Creep Behaviour of Ni-22Cr-9Mo-12Co-lAl . 2273W.J. Quadakkers, R.V.D. Gracht, P.J. Ennis and H. Schuster

o

XIX

10.51. Effect of Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Crack Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steelin Hot Magnesium Chloride 2283D.E. Davies, J.P. Dennison and C. Price

10.52. Prediction of the Onset and Time-to-Failure for Hydrogen Stress Cracking of Line-pipe Steel 2291B.W. Cherry and B.M. Jenkins

10.53. Environmental Effects on High Temperature Crack Growth • 2301K. Sadananda

SESSION 11

HYDROGEN PERMEATION AND EMBRITTLEMENT

11.1. Anomalous Isotope Effects during Hydrogen Embrittlement of Structural Materials in Electrolytes 2321V.A. Marichev

11.2. Hydrogen Pick-up During Corrosion of Steel : Influence of Inhibitors and Promoters 2327B.S. Chaudhari and T.P. Radhakrishnan

11.3. A Study of Alkali Embrittlement Cracking of Low Carbon Steel Welded Joints 2337Xue, Jin Wang, Yuwen Zhou, Lixia and Qi, Jigao

11.4. Hydrogen Induced Cracking Susceptibility of Low Strength Steels with Different Phosphorus Content inAcid Media ( 2347R.K. Dayal and H.J. Grabke

11.5. Hydrogen Embrittlement Behaviour of Ni-Nb-Cr and Ni-Nb-Al Amorphous Alloys 2355R.D.K. Misra and D. Akhtar

11.6. The Mechanism of Impeding the Hydrogenation of Cathodically Polarized Titanium by Anions ofHypochlorite and Chlorate 2363Af. Kolotyrkin Ya, B. Skuratnik Ya, V.B. Torshin and I. V. Riskin

= 11.7. The Effect of Minor Additions Mn, Cr, Z randT ion the Hydrogen Embrittlement in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy 2369Zhaoqi Lin, Hongqiang Ru, Gang Zhao and Guijing Sun

11.8. Hydrogen Diffusivity Impure Aluminium by Using Electrochemical Hydrogen Permeation Technique 2379Chu Youngchang, Yin Heyun and R.M. Latanision

11.9. Effect of Hydrogen on Anodic Behaviour of 304 Stainless Steel 2389Li-Jie Qiao, Wu-Yang Chu, Chi-Mei Hsiac and Hua Huang

11.10. Study of Improving the Resistance of High Strength Steel to Hydrogen Embrittlement 2397Li Renshun and Wu Rengeng

11.11. Studies on Hydrogen permeation in Zinc Plating Baths 2409K.N. Srinivasan and S. Venkatakrishna Iyer

11.12. The Influence of Phase Content on Steel Hydrogen Stability at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures 2421Yu. I. Archakov and I.D. Grebeshkova

SESSION 12

INDUSTRIAL CORROSION PROBLEMS

12.1. Moist Hydrogen Sulphide Corrosivity 2437A.M. Al-Hashimi , •

12.2. Primary and Secondary Water Chemistry on PWR Nuclear Power Plant 2443A.M. Al-Hashimi

12.3. Corrosion on Steel Pipes by Potable Water 2449A.M. Shams El Din, E.A. El Sum and E.Y. El Roubi

12.4. Studies on Alkaline Cooling Water Treatment . 2461K.M. Verma, M.P. Gupta, B.B. Sinha and J.S. Rai

12.5. Corrosion of Equipment in the Steam Circuit of a Fertilizer Plant ' 2467K.M. Verma, H. Ghosh, S.C. Verma, A.K. Sinha and K.C. Pattnaik

12.6. Stress Corrosion and Corrosion Fatigue Cracking Occurring in a Refinery Unit 2479Y.W. Shi, P.L. Fan, Y.X. Dang and J.Z. Li

12.7. A Study of Surface Film Formed on 316L Stainless Steel in Industrial Urea Media 2485Sun Yan-Fie and Han Wen-An

12.8. Investigation of Gorrosion Protection in the Fertilizer Industry 2493Ljubomif Dukic

xx

12.9. Corrosion Behaviour of Boiler Steel EN-24 in Sugarcane Ash • 2501S. Kameswari and M. Vijayakumar

12.10. Diagnosis of Mechanical and Corrosion Wear in Sugar Industry 2509L. Uller, S.M. Bastos, O.F. Ferreira, M.V. de Oliveira, l.C. A bud and R.U. Centeno

12.11. A Study of Steel Corrosion in Bleaching Environment of Pulp and Paper Industry 2519A.K. Singh, B. Gaur, S. Kumar, N.J. Rao and V.K. Tewari

12.12. Corrosion in Coal Gasification Quench System : A Selected Review 2529Subrata Bhatlacharyya

12.13. Selection of Materials of Construction for. Carboxylic Acids Mixture in the Waste Liquors and CorrosionControl by Anodic Protection 2553G.H. Thanki, M.H. Mehta and V.A. Sanghani

12.14. Electrochemical Behaviour and Field Performance of Stainless Steels in Urea Synthesis Environment 2559F. Mancia and A. Tamba

12.15. Behaviour of Niobium in the Chlorine-alkali Industry • 2575L.O.S. Bulhoes, M.A.B. Gomes, A.A. Huss, R. Guimaraes

12.16. Titanium, Tantalum, Zirconium and Niobium to Combat Corrosion in Chemical Industry 2581R. Thangappan

12.17. Pitting of Carbon Steel in Sweet Crude Oil Service ' 2585A.K. Dunlop and R.S. Treseder

12.18. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Equipment in Chemical Process Industries 2593K.N. Goswami, K.K. Shyam and P.K. Mukhopadhyay

12.19. Corrosion Problems in Steam Turbines at Fossil and Nuclear Power Stations : 2601R. Viswanathan, R.I. Jaffee and B.C. Syrett

12.20. Design of Anodic Protection System for Stainless Steel Heat Exchangers in Sulphuric Acid Industry 2617B. Sathianandham, K.R. Ramakrishnan, Y. Mahadeva Iyer and K. Balakrishnan

12.21. The Effect of Elemental Constituents of Steel on Corrosion and Hydrogen Evolution in Pickling Bath 2629K. Ravindranath and V.P. Sastry

12.22. Lowering General and Preventing Local Kinds of Corrosion of Process Equipment by Anodic andCathodic Protection 2645V. Kuzub, V. Novitsky, V. Krikun and U. Nikhayenko

12.23. Use of Special Stainless Steels in Indian Chemical Process Industries 2655K. Elaya Perumal

SESSION 13

INHIBITORS

13.1.. Electrochemical Mechanism of Inhibiting the Corrosion of Metals with Oxyanions - 2669Yu. Mikhailovsky, P. Strekalov and G. Berdzenishvili - >

13.2. Effect of Various Substituents in furan on the Inhibitor Efficiency 2697A.S. Fouda

13.3. Discussion on Corrosion Rate of High Concentration of Chloride Water and the Evaluation ofCorresponding Inhibitors . • - 2703Lu Zhu, Chen Chon-Shin and Hu Rong

13.4. An Investigation into Plant Materials as Corrosion Inhibitor for Hydrochloric Acid 2709Peng Keru, Pei Yulian, Huang Qiulong and Wang Xinqin

13.5. Corrosion Inhibition of Alkyl Amines in Acid Solution 2715Zhang Jiuyuan, Zhang Yuqin, Zhang Bohou and Wang Xucheng

13.6. Study of the Mechanism of Inhibition of 3,5-Diaminobenzoic Acid towards the Corrosion of Mild Steel inHydrochloric Acid 2723Ibrahim H. Omar, G. Trabanelli and F. Zucchi

13.7. Inhibition of the Corrosion of Iron .and Steel in Acid Pickling Media by Nitrogen ContainingCompounds 2733S.L. Granese and B.M. Rosales

13.8. SERS and Impedance Study on Inhibition of Copper Corrosion in Sulfate Solutions by Benzotriazole andIts Derivatives . 2747Kunitsugu Aramaki, Rinju Youda and Hiroshi Nishihara

•v xxi

13.9. Adsorption and Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Polar Organic Compounds on Iron inSolutions 2759Kunitsugu Aramaki, Tsuyoshi Mochizuki and Hiroshi Nishihara

13.10. Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Pickling Acids by Ethoxylated Unsaturated Fatty Acids 2771F. Hanna, G.M. Sherbini and Y. Barakat

13.11. Adsorption of Aliphatic Amines on Iron Surface from Acidic Solutions 2777Coo Chu-Nan and Zhou Shengqi

13.12. Corrosion Inhibition of 304 Stainless Steel in H,PO,/Cl-solutions by Metallic Cations 2787A.A. El-Hosary, M.M. Badran, R.M. Saleh and H.A. El-Dahan

13.13. The Synergetic Effect of Ethanolamine and Benzotriazole on the Corrosion Inhibition of Copper 2799Wang Xingqing and Zhang Yufu

13.14. Effect of Structure Parameters of Organic Inhibitors on Their Efficiency in Inhibiting Corrosion of Steelin Hydrocarbon/Electrolyte System * 2807A.V. Fokin, M.V. Pospelov, Yu. N. Shekhter, Ye. S. Churshukov, L.P. Maiho and A. Ya. Sergey kin

13.15. Factors of Corrosion Inhibition of Stainless Steels and Fe-Ni Alloys by Chloride in HjSO4 2813F. Bourelier and K. Vu Quang

13.16. . Inhibiteurs de la corrosion du cuivre par l'eau de gabes "Sud Tunisien"; leur mode d'action 2819E. Triki, J.P. Labbe, Af. Delamar, H. Chelli and J. Ledion

13.17. Study of the Kinetics and Mechanisms of Pitting Inhibition by Chromate of 304 Stainless Steel in ChlorideSolutions 2834C. Lemaitre, B. Baroux and G. Beranger

13.18. Inhibition of Corrosion of Mild Steel in Sea Water Using Gluconates 2849R.P. Pandya, J.K. Langalia, P.R. Mehta, G.D. Bhat and M.M. Taqui Khan

13.19. Plastics Containing Corrosion Inhibitors . 2861V.A. Goldade, L.S. Pinchuk and V.A. Struk

13.20. Corrosion Protection I 2871C. Vogtlin

13.21. Corrosion Protection II 2875C. Vogtlin

13.22. Triazole Derivates and Similar Compounds as Corrosion Inhibitors 2881/ . Penninger, K. Wippermann and J.W. Sc'hultze

13.23. The Influence of Benzotriazole on the Resistance of Mild Steel to Localized Attack in Chloride Solutions 2883M.A. Barbosa

13.24. Investigations on Copper Corrosion Inhibitors >-. 2895O.P. Agrawal, I.K. Bhatnagar and Virendra Kumar

13.25. Effect of S-Benyal Thiouronium Chloride on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in HC1 Solution 2901K. Chandrasekara Pillai and R. Narayan

13.26. Acetylinic Alcohols as Inhibitors for Nickel in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions 2911V.S. Muralidharan and B. Dhandayuthapani

13.27. Impedance Studies in Neutral Inhibitive Media 2921S. Srinivasan and K. Balakrishnan

13.28. The Effect of Some Inhibitors on Mechanical Relationships of Metals and Their Corrosion in Acids 2931I.P. Anoshchenko, G.I. Lukyanova (Mrs.), F.I. Anoshchenko and A.I. Reznichenko

13.29. Synergistic Effect of Dicyclo Hexylamine—with Halide Ions on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in SulphuricAcid Medium 2935S. Syed Azim and S. Venkatakrishna Iyer

13.30. Non-heavy Metallic Inhibitor for Control of Corrosion and Fouling in an Ammonia Cooling WaterSystem 2939G.S. Bhattacharyya

13.31. Synergistic Effects of Halide Ions and Benzyl Amine on Electrochemical Behaviour of Mild Steel in DiluteSulfuricAcid 2963N.S. Rawat and G. Udayabhanu

13.32. On the Nature of Surface Compounds Using Sulphurated Inhibitors ... 2971D. de Filippo and A. Rossi

13.33: The Effect of the Inhibitor DED'G on the Sulphide Induced Attack on Aluminium Brass and Cupronickef

xxii

Alloys in Flowing Synthetic Sea Water 2985T.R. Jayaraman, Y. Kalpana and K. Venugopal

13.34. Hydrazine and Substituted Hydrazines as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Alkaline Mine Water 3007N.C. Subramanyam, B.S. Seshadri and S.M. Mayanna

13.35. Acridine and Quinolines as Acid Corrosion Inhibitors for Copper 3023N.C. Subramanyam, B.S. Seshadri and S.M. Mayanna

13.36. Inhibitors Study against Corrosion in Hydrocarbon Mixtures 3039N.B. Petkova and V.L. Tasseva

VOLUME IV : SESSIONS 14 to 19

SESSION 14

LOCALIZED CORROSION

14.1. A Theoretical Approach to the Mechanism of Pitting Initiation I. The Thermodynamics of PittingInitiation 3047Wei Booming and Hao Ling

14.2. A Theoretical Approach to the Mechanism of Pitting Initiation II. The Kinetics of Pitting Initiation 3053Wei Booming and Hao Ling

14.3. Research on Knife-line Attack Resisting Properties of Crl7Ni2 Steel Weld Joint , 3057Xue, Jin Wang, Yuwen and Qi Jigao

HA. The Relationship between the Propagation Rate of Localized Corrosion and the Electrode Potential ofLocal Anode of Steels for Offshore Platform 3063Du Yuan-Long and Zou Chun-Xian

14.5. Crevice Corrosion of Stainless Steel in High Temperature Chloride Solutions 3071K. Tanno and H. Yashiro

14.6. Stainless Steels Crevice Corrosion in Geothermal Waters ' 3081Gh. Popescu, F. Bejan and A. Banu

14.7. Electrochemical Aspects of the Growth of Corrosion Pits in Stainless Steels 3087Tero Hakkarainen

14.8. The Relative Susceptibility of P/M and A/M Al-Zn-Mg Alloys to Pitting Corrosion and Stress CorrosionCracking in 3.5% NaCl 3097E. Lunarska, Z. Szklarska-Smialowska and Af. Elzeky

14.9. Pitting Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels with Chemically Treated Surfaces 3107Jaroslav Bystriansky and Milan Gottwald

14.10. Investigation on the Crevice Width Influencing Chemical and Electrochemical Parameters of theSolution in the Crevice 3119Li Li, Wang Kuang, Kong Qin and Wang Shujuan

14.11. Some Aspects of the Initiation Phase of Crevice Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Chloride Solution 3125A.M.P. Simoes and M.G.S. Ferreira

14.12. The Influence of the Fresh Cooling Water Component on the Pitting Corrosion of Brass Tubes 3129Xu Chongwu, Gong Xinjie, Li Jinye and Jaing Hanhong

14.13. Stability of Localized Corrosion Processes 3139H. Bohni

14.14. Correlation between Solvation Effects and Pitting Corrosion of Ti6A14V in Methanolic Media 3147Af.B. Deshmukh, Iqbal Akhtar and K.M. Joshi

,14.15. Corrosion Behaviour of Conductive Lines of Al-Cu on Oxidized Silicon Wafers 3157/ . Zahavi, M. Rotel, H.C.W. Huang, P.A. Toita and G. Schwartz

14.16. Prevention of Pitting Corrosion of Aluminium Easy-Open Ends on TFS Cans . 3167S. Furuya, Af. Miyamoto, T. Masato and T. Yoshida

14.17. A New Method of Pitting Potential Determination 3177P.K. Mitra and S.C. Sircar

14.18. Corrosion Behaviour of the 8090 Aluminium Lithium Alloy in Chloride Solutions 3183S. Schnuriger, G. Mankowski, Y. Roques, G. Chatainier and F. Dabosi

14.19. Correlation between Long Time and Short Time Tests to Delect Pitting and Exfoliation Corrosion in Al-. . . . . . o

xxiii .

Li (8090) Alloy . 3193/. Garcia, P. Ponthiaux, M. Habashi and J. Galland

14.20. Pitting, Crevice and Intergranular Corrosion Resistances of Titanium Modified Austenitic Stainless Steels 3203U. Kamachi Mudali, R.K. Dayal, V. Seetharaman and J.B. Gnanamoorthy

14.21. Influence of Carbon Content on the Pitting Corrosion Behaviour of Thermally Aged Type 316 StainlessSteel Welds " 3213T.P.S. Gill, N. Parvalhavarthini and J.B. Gnanamoorthy

14.22.' Pitting Nuclealion in Ausienitic Stainless Steels 3225Af.B. hies, Guo Ruijin and S.C. Srivastava

14.23. On the Origin of Pitting Induction Time 3235MB. Ives, Guo Ruijin and S.C. Srivaslava

SESSION 15

MARINE CORROSION

15.1. Corrosion Behaviour of Cu-Ni Alloys in Sea Water at Different Hydrostatic Pressures 3245Anna Maria Beccaria, Gildo Poggi and Gianrico Castello

15.2. Seawater Corrosion Behaviour of Steels with Varying Amounts of Copper 3255R. Krishnan and M.B. Deshmukh :

15.3. Effects of Variations in Biofouling Assemblage and Exposure Conditions on the Corrosion of Mild Steel 3265M. Eashwar, P. Chandrasekaran, G. Subramanian and S. Venkatakrishna Iyer

15.4. Corrosion Characterization of Tungsten Alloys in Marine Environments 3275K.L. Vasanth and CM. Dacres

SESSION 16

NON-AQUEOUS CORROSION AND LIQUID METAL EMBRITTLEMENT

16.1. Corrosion Behaviour of SUS 329J1 Stainless Steel in Acetic Acid Solutions 3289Isao Sekine and Kazumitsu Momoi

16.2. Sulphidation of Monocrystalline Cu-6.5% Al Alloy in Liquid Sulphur at 717°K 3299Z. Zurek s . .

16.3. Corrosion of Copper by Food Acids Containing Colouran is and Sweetening Agents. Part V. Corrosion byAcetic Acid . 3305J.D. Talati and A.S. Patel

16.4. Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steel by Liquid Sodium and by. Reactor Fuel in Fast Breeder Reactors , 3317C.K. Mathews

16.5. Anodic Dissolution of Iron in Organic Solvents . 3335G. Capobianco and F. Bellucci

SESSION 17

OXIDATION/HOT CORROSION

17.1. Studies of Some Solid State Reactions Relevant to Hot Corrosion ' 3345A.U. Malik and M. Mobin

17.2. The Effect of Niobium on the Hot Corrosion Behaviour of Nickel-base Superalloy ' 3367Zeng Kejun, Jin Zhanpeng and Huang Peiyun

;17.3. The Stresses of Oxide Scale of Nb and Nb Alloy during High Temperature Oxidation 3379Li Tiefan and Qu Yingzhe

17.4. Influence of Reactive Element Addition on the Protectivity of A12O, Scales Formed on Fe-Cr-Al BaseAlloys • • ' " 3385Shigeji Taniguchi and Toshio Shibata

17.5. Bistability in High Temperature Corrosion Processes . 3395J.P. Larpin, Af. Lallemant and G. Bertrand

17.6. Oxidation of Copper in SO2 + O? Atmosphere at 1100-1230°K 3405/ . Gawel

17.7. Sodium Sulphate Induced Hot Corrosion of Pure Fe, Mn and Cr in Combustion Gas . 3413P. Nanni. V. Buscaglia, C. de Asmundis and S.K. Roy

17.8. Effect of Sulphate Anion on Anodic Breakdown of Oxidized Fe, Ni and Cr in Fused NaCl-KCl Eutectic at700°C 3423•Masaru Okuyama, Yasuhiko Itoi, Masahiro Kawakami and Koin Ho .

17.9. The Corrosion and Abrasion Attack of Molten Zinc on the Bath Wall during Hot-dipping 3433Tamas Torok

17.10. . Application of Acoustic Emission Technique in High Temperature Oxidation Studies 3443A.S. Khanna, B.B. J ha and Baldevraj

17.11. Effect of Various Heat-treatments on the Oxidation Behaviour of 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo Steel 3453A.S. Khanna, R.K. Singh Raman and J.B. Gnanamoorthy

17.12. Effect of Cold Work on the Oxidation Resistance of Ferritic Steels 3463A.S. Khanna, J.B. Gnanamoorthy and P. Rodriguez

17.13. Corrosion Behaviour of Pure Titanium and Ti-6.6Al-2.9Mo-l.7Zr-0.23Si Alloy in NaCI and Na2SO, , 3475S. Kameswari and R.D.K. Misra

17.14. Oxidation Kinetics of Cu-Zr Alloys 3485R.O. Toivanen, T.M. Lindholm, L. Laakso and V.K. Lindroos

17.15. Sulphidation Studies of Fe-15, Cr-4A1 Alloy with Y and Zr Additions at 850°C 3495Deepak Saxena, Satya Prakash, M.L. Mehta and I.P. Saraswat

17.16. Effect of Zirconium on Isothermal and Cyclic Oxidation of" Fe-15 wt%Cr-4 wt%Al Alloy in theTemperature Range of 1000-1300°C " 3507J.L. Pandey, S. Prakash and M.L. Mehta

17.17. Oxidation of Pure Zirconium in Pure Oxygen in' Temperature Range 400:850°C 3523Chen Heming and Ma Chunlai

17.18. Hot Corrosion of Nickel and Cobalt Base Alloys at Intermediate Temperatures 3533A jay K. Misra

17.19. Combined or Successive Effect of a Strain and of Oxidation of an NiCr-16 Fe-8 Alloy 3555A.M. Huntz, J. Rousselet, C. Quesne and G. Moulin

17.20. Oxidation Behaviour of Superalloys Protected by Plasma Sprayed MCrAlYTa Coatings 3565A.M. Huntz, A. Boumaza, G. Moulin and J.L. Lebrun

17.21. Improvement of Oxidation Resistance of Heat-Resistant Steel by Ion Beam Mixing 3577Liu Xiang-huai, Zheng Zhi-hong, Jiang Bing-yao and Tsou Shih-chang

17.22. Study on Corrosion Products of IN657 Alloy in Molten Salts 3583E. Otero, M.C. Merino, A. Pardo, M.V. Biezma and G. Buitrago

17.23. Fireside Corrosion Phenomena in Superheaters of Coextruded Materials with 18, 25, 35 and 50% Cr atMetal Temperatures of up to 700°C 3593N. Bolt and N.V. Kema

17.24. Studies on Non-isothermal Oxidation Behaviour of Iron and Iron-chromium Alloys 3603S.K. Roy and S.K. Bose

17.25. Effect of Interrupted and Uninterrupted.Impressed Direct Current on the Oxidation Behaviour of Copperat High Temperatures . 3615S.K. Bose, V. Ananth and S.C. Sircar

17.26. The Properties of Protective Scales on Surface Modified Stainless Steel towards Sulphidation at HighTemperatures . . . 3631E.A. Polman, T. Fransen and P.J. Gellings

17.27. Study of Oxidation Behaviour of Modified 9Cr-1 Mo Ferritic Steel at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures 3641Ashok Kumar, P. Somanathan, M.N. Mungole and K.P. Singh

17.28. High Temperature Hot Corrosion Control by Fuel Additives (Contaminated Fuels) 3651Dasara V. Rathnamma and R. Nagarajan

17.29. High Temperature Corrosion of a Ni-base Superalloy by Vanadium 3665S. Ramakrishna Iyer, K.J.L. Iyer and V.M. Radhakrishnan ,

17.30. Laser Surface Alloying or Coating of Metals to Protect against High Temperature Corrosion • . 3671Alain Galerie, Marcel Caillet and Michel Pons

17.31. Co-deposition of Crand Al by Pack Cementation and the Resistance of Such Coatings against Oxidation .and Hot Corrosion 3681S.T. Shih, H.E. Chu and T.L. Cao ,

17.32. Corrosion and Oxidation Resistance of Zinc Composite Materials 3689D. Mukherjee, B. Venkataraman, N. Palaniswamy, M. Natesan and K. Balakrishnan

17.33. Corrosion Behaviour of Steel and Stainless Steel in Hot Carbonate Solutions 3695R. Meenakshisundaram, P. Subramanian, Vishalakshi Raveendran and K. Balakrishnan

17.34. Hot Corrosion Behaviour of Platinum Modified Coatings . 3699R. Streiff and D.H. Boone

17.35. The Influence of Implanted Yttrium and Lanthanum on Morphology.of Alumina Scale Grown on Beta-NiAl Intermetallic Compound . 3709J. Jedlinski

17.36. Anodic Polarization of Iron, Chromium and Steel 15 x 28 in Molten Alkali Carbonates at 1073 K 3719I.N. Ozeryanaya, O.P. Penyagina and N.D. Shamanova

17.37. Influence of Sulphur on Oxidation of Ni« CrM and Ni^ Cr^ Alloys 3723A.M. Huntz, G. Moulin and G. Ben Abderrazik

17.38. The.Effect of Superficial Aluminization on the Corrosion of the Steel Fe 2.25 Cr 1 Mo in DifferentOxidizing and/or Sulphidizing Atmospheres 3735Marcel Caillet, Alain Galerie and Abdellatif Skalli

17.39. Corrosion and Electrochemical Study on 316L (Urea Grade) Stainless Steel in Urea Solution under HighTemperature and Pressure " 3743Zhang Wu

17.40. Beneficial and Detrimental Effects of Silica in the High Temperature Oxidation of 20Cr/25Ni/NbStainless Steel 3761Af./. Bennett

17.41. Reaction of Stainless Steel with Liquid Potassium Containing Dissolved Oxygen 3771D. Krishnamurthy, N.P. Bhat and C.K. Mathews

17.42. The Behaviour of Some Super Alloys in Different High Temperature Atmospheres 3781A. Pekhonen, M.H. Tikkanen, S. Ylasaari, O. Forsen

17.43. Some Thermodynamic Investigations on the Ternary Oxygen Compounds of Relevance in the Corrosionof Sodium-steel Systems 3789T. Gnanasekaran, R. Sridharan, G. Periaswami and C.K. Mathews

17.44. Carburization of Steel in Liquid Sodium and the Nature of the Carbon-bearing Species 3799S.- Rajendran Pillai, R. Ranganathan and C.K. Mathews

SESSION 18

PASSIVATION AND SURFACE FILMS

18.1. Anodic Behaviour of Titanium and Titanium Alloys in H2SO4 Solutions—Influence of Some Inhibitors 3815Pu Suyun and Ji Shuda -.

18.2. Influence of the Structure of Protective Films on the Mechanical Breakdown of Passivity 3823R. Oltra, G.M. Indrianjafy, J.C. Colson and Af. Keddam

18.3. The Passivation of Chromium 3829J.H. Gerretsen, J.J.M. Elemans, G. Bakker and J.H.W. de Wit

18.4. "In-situ" Laser Raman Spectroscopy Studies of Corrosion Films on Metals in High-temperatureAqueous Environments 3841C.A. Melendres, W. Ruther and J.J. McMahon

18.5. Ellipsometric Investigation of Passive Films Formation on Two Iron-Nickel Alloys 3849N.D., Totir

18.6. Effects of Calcium Ions on the Morphology and Corrosion Resistance of'Zinc-phosphated Steel 3853G.N. Dhar, N.C. Debnath and Sandip Roy

18.7. Etching Properties of the Indium Tin Oxide 3863P. Pokela, R.O. Toivanen and V.K. Lindroos

18.8. Deterministic Models for the Distributions in Passivity Breakdown Parameters 3875Digby D. McDonald and Mirna Urquidi-McDonald

18.9. Potentiodynamic and Galvanostatic Passivity Measurements. A General Quantitative Interpretation:The Niobium Case 3895C.V. D'Alkaine and F.C. Nart

18.10. The Secondary Passivating Film on Tin in Sodium Perchlorate Solutions. Its Reduction Peak 3905C.V. D'Alkaine and S.R. Biaggio

18.11. The Reduction of Sn(II) Passivating Film on Tin Before and After the Growth of theSn(IV) PassivatingFilm 3913S.R. Baiggio and C.V. D'Alkaine

18.12. Passivation and Stability of Passive State of Chrome-Nickel Austenitic Steels Depending on MolybdenumContent and MnS Inclusions 3919/./. Reformatskaya, L.I. Freiman, Ya. Af. Kololyrkin, Yu. P. Konnov and A.E. Volkov

18.13. Kinetics of Passivation of Stainless Steels in Chloride Solutions 3927Ying-yang Zhu, Ri-zhangZ.hu, Kuang Wang and Wen-qi Zhang

18.14. The Passivating Films of Zinc in Alkaline Solution 3941N. Bocchi, M.R. da Cunha and C.V. D'Alkaine

18.15. Breakdown of the Passive Film on Nickel and Nickel Alloys Induced by Sulphur 3947P. Marcus, H. Talah and J. Oudar

18.16. Application of Impedance Technique to the Interpretation of the Role of Alloying Tungsten on thePassivity of Stainless Steels • 3953A. Irhzo, Af. El. Safty, N. Bui and F. Dabosi

18.17. Ellipsometric Study of Passive Films Formed on a Duplex Stainless Steel in Chloride Solution 3961Zhou Qingchu, Xu Naixin and Shih Shengtai

18.18. Electrochemistry of Chromium 3969L.O.S. Bulhoes, E.C. Pereira de Souza, P.C. Camargo and A.J. Damiao

18.19. Influence of Alloying Components on Passivation of Titanium and Aluminium Alloys in Molten AlkaliCarbonates 3975l.N. Ozeryanaya, T.I. Manukhina and W.I. Sannikov

18.20. Study of the Passivation Kinetics of Zircaloy 4 in Chloride Containing Aqueous and HydroorgahicSolutions 3983Y. Roques, G. Mankowski, G. Chatainier and F. Dabosi

18.21. ESCA and Impedance Study of Passive Films on Mo-containing Stainless Steels 3991A. Irhzo, L. Gengembre, N. Bui and F. Dabosi

18.22. The Role of Silicon in the Corrosion of Stainless Steels in Nitric Acid Solutions 3999A.J. Gardner and J.S.L. Leach

SESSION 19

TESTING, MONITORING AND STANDARDS

19.1. The Inflection Point Method with Inter 1 Code 4009G. Rocchini

19.2. A Technique for Measurement of Differential Polarization Resistance 4017Cao Chu-Nan, Song Chizhe and Wang You

19.3. Development of a Field Monitoring Method for the Protective Properties of Rust and Paint Films on SteelStructures . 4023Hiroshi Kihira, Satoshi Ho and Tomomi Murata

19.4. AC Impedance of Iron in Sulfuric Acid Medium Measured by Laplacian Transformation Method 4031Lu-an Yao and Xi-che Hu

19.5. Applicability of EPR Technique for Assessing Intergranular Corrosion Susceptibility of Cold WorkedType 304 SS . 4039N. Parvathavarthini, R.K. Dayal, S.K. Seshadri and J.B. Gnanamoorthy

19.6. -Erosion of Metals in High Speed Mist Flow Evaluation of Threshold Velocity b\ Acoustic EmissionSystem • 4047T. Shinogaya, T. Shinohara and M. Takemoto

19.7. The Determination of Corrosion Rates by Analysis of Inflection Point Data 4055D.M. Dralic, V. Vdscic and J. Popic

19.8. Electrochemical Noise Corrosion Monitoring Method in Laboratory Use 4061Ciril Zevnik and Iskra Kibernetika

19.9. Relaxation Techniques for Measurement of Corrosion Rate 4075V. Lakshminarayanan and S.R. Rajagopalan

19.10. A New Three Electrode Direct Reading Digital Corrosion Meter 4085P.E. Sankaranarayanan, Mrs. Venusubramanian, P. Sudhakara Rao, Mrs. Vijayalakshmi Ramakrishnanand Mrs. K. Meenakshi

19.11. A Technique for Measuring Adsorption of Gases on Flat Surfaces .4091Leo Volpe

19.12. Corrosion of Nickel in Acids—An Accelerated Tafel Plot Study . - 4099V. Yegnaraman and G. Prabhakara Rao

19.13. Evaluation of Faradaic Distortion Method for Corrosion Rate Measurements 4107G. Venkatachari and K. Balakrishnan

19.14. Atmospheric Corrosion Monitoring by Hydrogen Permeation Technique 4111P.L. Joseph, T.P. Madhavan, C.J. Indira, K.V. Prasad and M.E.K. Janaki

19.15. Monitoring of Corrosion and Wear Debris for Better Management of Equipment • 4123D. Short and T.V. Krishnamurlhy

19.16. A.C. Impedance Measurements for Characterizing the Electrochemical Behaviour of AA3003 in EngineCoolants 4131A.M. Merillon, P. Gimenez, G. Monteil and C. Roques-Carmes

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