the 'x' chronicles newspaper - december 2011 edition

7/23/2019 The 'X' Chronicles Newspaper - December 2011 Edition

1/48

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3/48

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6/48

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8/48

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9/48

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mailto:@&KULVWPDVmailto:@&KULVWPDV


10/48

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mailto:@7+


11/48

?;>> im _fxifz

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12/48

Bgriqdn Hnbq

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afìxfrimj fnbg o`cz- /Gcq bcbl`f/ zn qi`` nBgriqdn {nqidf vmqi` qgf Xibqcrinm frn-

/Zgiqf Bgriqdn/ '>961), qnrrimj Oimj

Brcoy nma Anmmy Lnyf, zn qgf hirq dcxif qc

of dnaf im Xiqn Xiicm, n aff{$hcbv {rcbf-

/Qgf Mvqbrnblfr/ i qgf mndf hcr qgf on``fq

{frhcrdfa nrcvma Bgriqdn qidf fnbg yfnr-/Qgf Mvqbrnblfr Rviqf/ i qgf qiq`f ch qgf dvib

Qbgnilcxly zrcqf-

/Znni`/ bcdf hrcd qgf Cà Mcrf /xf

gfi``/$$qc of ch jcca gfn`qg- Qgi fxc`xfa imqcqgf qrnaiqicm ch xiiqimj mfijgocr cm Bgriqdn

Fxf nma arimlimj qc qgfir gfn`qg-

N Bgriqdn b`vo, n nximj nbbcvmq im zgibg n

{frcm af{ciq n hiwfa ndcvmq ch dcmfy

rfjv`nr`y qc of vfa nq Bgriqdn hcr gc{{imj,

bndf nocvq nrcvma >9;6-

N qrnaiqicmn` Bgriqdn aimmfr im fnr`y Fmj`nma

zn qgf gfna ch n {ij {rf{nrfa ziqg dvqnra-

Nbbcraimj qc n >996 vrxfy, : cvq ch >; Oriqig

acj jfq Bgriqdn jihq hrcd qgfir acqimj

czmfr-

Nbbcraimj qc giqcribn` nbbcvmq, qgf hirq

Bgriqdn im qgf [giì{{imf zn bf`fornqfa ?;;

yfnr ofhcrf Hfraimnma Dnjf``nm aibcxfrfa qgf

bcvmqry hcr qgf zfqfrm zcrà, ìlf`y ofqzffm

qgf yfnr >?7; nma >2?; NA-

Nbbcraimj qc qgf Mnqicmn` Bgriqdn Qrff

Ncbinqicm, Ndfribnm ovy 2:-> di`ìcm rfn`

Bgriqdn qrff fnbg yfnr< ?6 {frbfmq ch qgfd

nrf hrcd qgf mnqicm* 6,;;; bgccf$nma$bvq

hnrd-

Nhqfr /N Bgriqdn Bnrc`,/ Bgnr`f Aiblfmzrcqf fxfrn` cqgfr Bgriqdn qcrif, cmf fnbg

yfnr, ovq mcmf zn n vbbfhv` n qgf crijimn`-

N`nondn zn qgf hirq qnqf qc rfbcjmiufBgriqdn n nm chhibin` gcìany- Qgi qrnaiqicm

ofjnm im >728-

N`qgcvjg dnmy ofìfxf qgf Hriany nhqfr

Qgnmljiximj i qgf ovifq gc{{imj any ch qgf

yfnr, iq i mcq- Iq i qgf hihqg qc qfmqg ovifq any-

Qgf Hriany nma Rnqvrany ofhcrf Bgriqdn nrf

qgf qzc ovifq gc{{imj any ch qgf yfnr-

Ndfribnm oi`ìcmnirf _c [frcq qrifa qc nirìhq?7 qcm ch dfaibimf nma Bgriqdn jihq qc

Ndfribnm [CZ* im Mcrqg Xifqmnd im >989-

Ndfribn* chhibin` mnqicmn` Bgriqdn qrff i

`cbnqfa im Limj* Bnmycm Mnqicmn` [nrl im

Bnìhcrmin- Qgf qrff, n jinmq f~vcin bn``fa qgf

/Jfmfrn` Jrnmq Qrff,/ i cxfr 2;; hffq '9;

dfqfr) gijg- Iq zn dnaf qgf chhibin` Bgriqdn

qrff im >9?6-

Nm nrqihibin` {iafr nma zfo nrf chqfm imb`vafa

im qgf afbcrnqicm cm Vlrniminm Bgriqdn qrff-

N {iafr zfo hcvma cm Bgriqdn dcrmimj i

ofìfxfa qc orimj jcca `vbl-

Nm nxfrnjf gcvfgcà im Ndfribn zi`` dni` cvq

?7 Bgriqdn bnra fnbg yfnr nma ff ?7 fijgqbnra rfqvrm im qgfir {`nbf-

Nmidn` Brnblfr nrf mcq rfn``y brnblfr, ovq

bcclif qgnq zfrf id{crqfa qc qgf Vmiqfa Rqnqf

hrcd Fmj`nma im qgf `nqf >7;;- Onrmvd*

birbv$ìlf ocwf zfrf afijmfa ziqg n qrimjgnma`f c qgnq qgfy bcvà of gvmj cm n

Bgriqdn qrff-

N fnr`y n >7??, qgf {cqdnqfr im Zngimjqcm,

A-B- zn zcrrifa oy qgf ndcvmq ch fwqrn dni` nq

Bgriqdn qidf- Gi {rfhfrrfa c`vqicm qc qgf

{rco`fd zn qc ìdiq oy `nz qgf mvdofr ch bnran {frcm bcvà fma- Fxfm qgcvjg bcddfrbin`

bnra zfrf mcq nxni`no`f nq qgnq qidf, {fc{`f

zfrf n`rfnay fmaimj c dnmy gcdf$dnaf

bnra qgnq iwqffm fwqrn {cqdfm gna qc of girfa

im qgf biqy-

Nq Bgriqdn, Vlrniminm {rf{nrf n qrnaiqicmn`

qzf`xf$bcvrf dfn`- N hndi`y* ycvmjfq bgià

znqbgf qgrcvjg qgf zimacz hcr qgf fxfmimj

qnr qc n{{fnr, n ijmn` qgnq qgf hfnq bnm ofjim-

Nq `nxig Bgriqdn hfnq im qgf Diaa`f Njf,znm nma {fnbcbl zfrf cdfqidf frxfa

/fmacrfa-/ Qgi dfnmq qgf h`fg zn {nimqfa

ziqg nhhrcm aic`xfa im df`qfa ovqqfr- Im

naaiqicm qc qgfir {nimqfa h`fg, fmacrfa oira

zfrf frxfa zrn{{fa im qgfir czm lim nma

hfnqgfr, zgibg gna offm rfdcxfa nma fq niaf

{ricr qc rcnqimj-

Ofhcrf fqqìmj cm qgf mndf ch Qimy Qid hcr gi

bgnrnbqfr im /N Bgriqdn Bnrc`,/ qgrff cqgfr

n`ìqfrnqixf mndf zfrf bcmiafrfa oy Bgnr`f

Aiblfm- Qgfy zfrf @iqq`f @nrry, [vmy [fqf, nma

Rdn`` Rnd-

Bnìhcrmin, Crfjcm, Dibgijnm, Zngimjqcm,

Zibcmim, [fmmy`xnmin nma Mcrqg Bnrcìmn

nrf qgf qc{ Bgriqdn qrff {rcavbimj qnqf-

Crfjcm i qgf `fnaimj {rcavbfr ch Bgriqdn

qrff $ 7-8 di`ìcm im >997-

Bnmay bnmf ofjnm n qrnijgq zgiqf qibl ch

vjnr bnmay vfa qc afbcrnqfa qgf Bgriqdn

qrff- N bgcirdnqfr nq Bc`cjmf Bnqgfarn`

afbiafa gnxf qgf fma ofmq qc af{ibq n

gf{gfra* brccl nma gf zcvà {n qgfd cvq qc

qgf bgiàrfm qc lff{ qgfd ~vifq avrimj qgffrxibf- Iq znm*q vmqi` nocvq qgf ?;qg bfmqvry

qgnq bnmay bnmf nb~virfa qgfir rfa qri{f-

Bgnr`f Aiblfm* imiqin` bgcibf hcr Rbrccjf*

qnqfdfmq /Ong Gvdovj/ zn /Ong Bgriqdn-/

Bgià imjfr Eiddy Ocya zn >? yfnr nma >>

dcmqg cà zgfm gf nmj qgf Bgriqdn

hnxcriqf, /I Rnz Dcddy Liimj Rnmqn B`nv-/

Qgf cmj giq qgf qc{ ch qgf {c{ bgnrq-

Bgriqdn bnrcìmj ofjnm n nm cà Fmjìg

bvqcd bn``fa Znniìmj $ qcnqimj mfijgocr qcn `cmj nma gfn`qgy ìhf-

Bgriqdn Any im qgf Vlrnimf bnm of bf`fornqfa

cm fiqgfr Afbfdofr ?6, im hniqghv` n`ìnmbf ziqg

qgf _cdnm Bnqgcìb Jrfjcrinm bn`fmanr, cr cm

Enmvnry :, zgibg i qgf Crqgcacw cr Fnqfrm

_iqf 'Evìnm bn`fmanr), qgf bgvrbg gc`y any-

Bgriqdn i n vddfr gcìany im Rcvqg Nhribn-

Bgiàrfm nrf hcma ch qgf njf$cà bvqcd ch

{rcavbimj {nmqcdidf $ hcr imqnmbf, /Onof im

qgf Zcca,/ hcvmafa cm cmf ch qgf càfq on``naim qgf Fmjìg `nmjvnjf- Ocwimj Any cm

Afbfdofr ?8qg, zgfm ocwf ch hcca nma

b`cqgimj nrf jixfm qc qgf {ccr, i cofrxfa n n

gcìany-

Bcmqimvfa cm [njf >1

XiiqQgf W Ucmf _naic (QXRgcz

Cmìmf nq

zzz-wucmfrnaicqx-bcd

Cvr [cabnq Nrf Nxni`no`f nq

zzz-wucmf{cabnq-bcd

Cvr YcvQvof Bgnmmf`

zzz-ycvqvof-bcd#wucmfrnaicqx


13/48

Vmb`f N` Bn{cmf

Oy Afiarf Dnrif Bn{cmf

VMB@F N@ BN[CMF5 Qgf Vmqcà Rqcry hrcd imiaf Gi Hndi`y

Jnmjqfr N` Bn{cmf cmbf bcddfmqfa qgnq Qgi Ndfribnm yqfd chcvrjixf fnbg nma fxfry cmf ch v n jrfnq c{{crqvmiqy ih zf cm`y fiufiq ziqg ocqg gnma nma dnlf qgf dcq ch iq- Af{iqf qgf hnbq qgnq iqbcdimj hrcd n lmczm jnmjqfr, iq ny n jrfnq afn` nocvq qgf dima ch qgf

dnm- Gf ff gidf`h n nm nxfrnjf, vbbfhv` Ndfribnm ovimfdnm,fxfm ih gi bcddfmq vmafrqnqf qgf zgc`f {ibqvrf- Iq qgi gvdnm ~vnìqyqgnq Afirarf Dnrif Bn{cmf fxclf im Vmb`f N` Bn{cmf, n hnbimnqimj occlqgnq cmf {nrq oicjrn{gy, cmf {nrq dfdcir, nma cmf {nrq rfdfdornmbfch [voìb Fmfdy Mvdofr Cmf-

N qgf jrnma$mifbf ch N`, Bn{cmf rfbcvmq gcz gf gia gfr hndi`y mndfhcr yfnr- Zgfm n bgcc` rffnrbg {rcefbq `fna gfr qc bcdf b`fnm qc gfrlia, gf ofjim rfbn`ìmj qgf ribg hndi`y giqcry gf cmbf lmfz- Iq n qn`fqgnq qnrq nhqfr qgf hndi`y fdijrnqf hrcd Nmjri, Iqn`y qc Orccl`ym, MfzYcrl- Bn{cmf gcz qgnq N` nma gfr jrnmahnqgfr, _n`{g, zfrfmq n`znydfdofr ch n bridf ymaibnqf- Im hnbq, qgfir bgiàgcca i hnir`y mcrdn`,ziqg N` himigimj gijg bgcc`, nma _n`{g zcrlimj caa eco qc gf`{ v{{crq

qgf hndi`y- Fxfryqgimj bgnmjf zgfm qgfir hnqgfr aif nma [rcgioiqicmofbcdf `nz- Hcrbfa qc fnrm n ìximj hcr gi hndi`y, N`, nma fxfmqvn``y_n`{g, gfna qc Bgibnjc nma aczm qgf {nqg qc bridimn` bf`foriqy-

Qgrcvjgcvq qgf occl, Bn{cmf qrif qc rfbcmbi`f zgnq gf lmcz nocvq gfrhndi`y ziqg rfbcrafa giqcry- Fnr`y im qgf occl gf zriqf, I zi`` mcq{rfqfma qc of no`f qc {nimq n rcy {ibqvrf ch dy vmb`f N`- I bnmmcq dnlfgid cvq qc of n {frhfbq dnm, cr fxfm n jcca dnm- Ovq zgnq I znmq {fc{`fqc lmcz i qgnq gf zn n bcd{`fw dnm- Gf zn gvdnm nma gf gna ngfnrq-

Bn{cmf vbbffa, on`nmbimj ocqg qgf {voìb giqcry ch N`, hrcd qgfXn`fmqimf Any Dnnbrf qc gi imbnrbfrnqicm nq N`bnqrnu, ziqg {frcmn`{gcqc, hndi`y rfbi{f, nma gfr czm dfdcrif- Qgf nvqgcr rfbn`` gcz

`cximj bfrqnim dfdofr ch qgf Bn{cmf hndi`y zfrf, {nrqibv`nr`y gfr jrfnq$nvmq Dnhhif zgc gf`{ qgf nvqgcr qc ff jcca im qgf dfm- Iq mcq n`znynm fny qnl n qgf nvqgcr rfbcvmq `cimj hrifma, eco, nma cqgfrc{{crqvmiqif, cmbf {fc{`f `fnrmfa gf zn n afbfmanmq ch qgf mcqcricvN` Bn{cmf-

Cxfrn``, Vmb`f N` Bn{cmf i n dfdcir qgnq i n bcd{`fw nma gvdnm nqgf dnm qgnq iq nocvq- Iq orimj n hrfg {fr{fbqixf qc qgf cqgfr N`Bn{cmf oicjrn{gif, nma himn``y jixf qgf `nrjfr$qgnm$ìhf jnmjqfr qgf cmfqgimj qgnq dny gnxf f`vafa gid im ìhf5 qc of ffm n id{`y n gvdnmofimj- \T

Vmb`f N` Bn{cmf--- Qgf Vmqcà Rqcry Hrcd Imiaf Gi Hndi`yi nxni`no`f nq zzz-vmb`fn`bn{cmf nma zzz-ndnucm-bcd

AFIA_F DN_IF BN[CMF,

Nvqgcr ch

VMB@F N@ BN[CMF5 QgfVmqcà Rqcry Hrcd Imiaf

Gi Hndi`y

i qgf jrnma$mifbf ch qgf

>92;n Bgibnjc [cìbf

Bcddiicm [voìb Fmfdy

">5N` Bn{cmf-

NJrfnq Rqcry nma n Jrfnq Imqfrxifz.

_co DbBcmmf``, Rymaibnqfa Qn`l Rgcz Gcq


14/48

Bgriqdn Hnbq

BG_IRQDNR HNBQRBcmqimvfa hrcd [njf >?

Bgriqdn i mcq ziaf`y bf`fornqfa im Rbcq`nma-

Rcdf giqcrinm ofìfxf qgnq Bgriqdn i

aczm{`nyfa im Rbcq`nma ofbnvf ch qgfimh`vfmbf ch qgf [rfoyqfrinm Bgvrbg 'cr Lirl),

zgibg bcmiafrfa Bgriqdn n /[n{iq,/ cr

Bnqgcìb fxfmq- N n rfv`q, Bgriqdn im

Rbcq`nma qfma qc of cdofr-

Bgriqdn {rffmq zfrf lmczm im nmqi~viqy

ndcmj limj nma bgifhqnim, f{fbin``y cm qgf

Fvrc{fnm bcmqimfmq- Gczfxfr, qgfy gnxf offm

bcddcm ndcmj craimnry {fc{`f im Ibf`nma cm`yavrimj qgf {nq >;; cr c yfnr-

Bgriqdn qrff nrf faio`f- Dnmy {nrq ch {imf,

{rvbf, nma hir bnm of fnqfm- Qgf mffa`f nrf n

jcca cvrbf ch xiqndim B- [imf mvq, cr {imfbcmf, nrf n`c n jcca cvrbf ch mvqriqicm-

Bgriqdn qrff nrf lmczm qc gnxf offm {c{v`nr

im Jfrdnmy n hnr onbl n qgf iwqffmqg bfmqvry-

Im Fmj`nma, qgfy ofbndf {c{v`nr nhqfr ^vffm

Xibqcrin* gvonma Nòfrq, zgc bndf hrcd

Jfrdnmy, dnaf n qrff {nrq ch qgf bf`fornqicm nqZimacr Bnq`f- Im qgf Vmiqfa Rqnqf, qgf fnrìfq

lmczm dfmqicm ch n Bgriqdn qrff i im qgf

ainry ch n Jfrdnm zgc fqq`fa im [fmmy`xnmin-

Bgriqdn zn cmbf n dcxfno`f hfnq bf`fornqfa

nq dnmy aihhfrfmq qidf avrimj qgf yfnr- Qgf

bgcibf ch Afbfdofr ?6, zn dnaf oy [c{f

Evìv I, im qgf 1qg bfmqvry N-A-, ofbnvf qgi

bcimbiafa ziqg qgf {njnm riqvn` ch Zimqfr

Rc`qibf, cr _fqvrm ch qgf Rvm- Qgf imqfmq zn qc

rf{`nbf qgf {njnm bf`fornqicm ziqg qgf Bgriqinm

cmf-

Bv`qvrfa Bgriqdn qrff dvq of gn{fa n qgfy

jrcz qc {rcavbf hv``fr hcìnjf- Qc `cz qgf

v{znra jrczqg nma qc fmbcvrnjf ornmbgimj,

qgfy nrf gnma$bì{{fa im fnbg {rimj- Qrff

jrczm im qgf zià gnxf {nrfr ornmbgf, nma

nrf lmczm im qgf imavqry n /Bgnrìf Orczm/

qrff-

Avrimj qgf nmbifmq >?$any Bgriqdn

bf`fornqicm, qgf `cj ovrmfa zn bn``fa qgf /Yv`f

`cj-/ Rcdfqidf n {ifbf ch qgf Yv`f `cj zcvà

of lf{q qc lima`f qgf hirf qgf hc``czimj zimqfr, qcfmvrf qgnq qgf jcca `vbl bnrrifa cm hrcd yfnr

qc yfnr- Qgf Yv`f `cj bvqcd zn gnmafa aczm

hrcd qgf Arvia-

Avrimj qgf Bgriqdn ovyimj fncm, Xin bnra

n`cmf nrf vfa nm nxfrnjf ch 6,21; qidf fxfry

dimvqf im qgf Vmiqfa Rqnqf-

Avrimj qgf Bgriqdn#Gnmvllng fncm, dcrfqgnm >-:8 oi`ìcm bnmay bnmf zi`` of dnaf-

Avrimj Zcrà Znr II iq zn mfbfnry hcr

Ndfribnm qc dni` Bgriqdn jihq fnr`y hcr qgfqrcc{ im Fvrc{f qc rfbfixf qgfd im qidf-

Dfrbgnmq ecimfa im qgf fhhcrq qc rfdima qgf

{voìb qc gc{ nma dni` fnr`y nma qgf {rcqrnbqfa

gc{{imj fncm zn ocrm-

F`fbqrib Bgriqdn qrff ìjgq zfrf hirq vfa im

>796- Qgf iafn hcr vimj f`fbqrib Bgriqdn

ìjgq bndf hrcd nm Ndfribnm, _n`{g F- Dcrri-

Qgf mfz ìjgq {rcxfa nhfr qgnm qgf qrnaiqicmn`

bnma`f-

Hc``czimj [rimbf Ainmn* qrnjib afnqg im >99:,

qgf Qy qcy bcd{nmy, hndcv im qgf `nqf >99;

hcr iq {c{v`nr Ofnmif Onoy ìmf ch ofnmonj

nmidn`, ivfa n /[rimbf/ ofnr im qriovqf- Qgf

rcyn` {vr{`f Ofnmif, ofnrimj nm fdorciafrfa

zgiqf rcf cm iq bgfq, ofbndf c afirfa qgnq nqBgriqdn qidf, Ndfribnm bc``fbqcr zfrf

zi`ìmj qc {fma v{ qc !2;; hcr cmf cm qgf

fbcmanry dnrlfq-

Hcr fxfry rfn` Bgriqdn qrff gnrxfqfa, ? qc 2

ffaìmj nrf {`nmqfa im iq {`nbf-

Qgfrf nrf qzc Bgriqdn I`nma- Qgf Bgriqdn

I`nma im qgf [nbihib Cbfnm zn hcrdfr`y bn``fa

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Hrnmlimbfmf i n zffq df`ìmj jvd rfim

afrixfa hrcd bfrqnim Oczf`ìn qrff zgibg, nq

qgf qidf ch Bgriq, jrfz im Nrnoin, Imain, nma

Fqgic{in- Qrnaiqicm ny qgnq iq zn {rffmqfa qc

qgf Bgriq Bgià oy On`qgnnr, qgf o`nbl limj

hrcd Fqgic{in cr Rnon- Qgf hrnmlimbfmf qrnaf

zn nq iq gfijgq avrimj qgf any ch qgf _cdnm

Fd{irf- Nq qgnq qidf qgi rfim zn bcmiafrfa

n xn`vno`f n jfd cr {rfbicv dfqn`- Qgf

_cdnm ovrmfa hrnmlimbfmf cm qgfir n`qnr nma

nq brfdnqicm-

Hrnmlìm [ifrbf zn qgf hirq Vmiqfa Rqnqf*{rfiafmq qc afbcrnqf nm chhibin` Zgiqf Gcvf

Bgriqdn qrff -

Hrvdfmqy zn n {ibfa {crriajf, fmecyfa oy

ocqg ribg nma {ccr- Iq i qgcvjgq qc of qgf

hcrfrvmmfr ch dcafrm Bgriqdn {vaaimj- Iq

gn iq crijim im n Bf`qib `fjfma ch qgf gnrxfq

jca Anjan, zgc qirrfa n {crriajf dnaf v{ ch

n`` qgf jcca qgimj ch qgf Fnrqg-

Hrvqrnqfa nq qgf `nbl ch imqfrfq im gi mfz qcy

imxfmqicm, Bgnr`f [nefnv girfa fxfrn` diajfq,

arffa qgfd im f`h bcqvdf, nma gna qgfd {`ny

ziqg /Qimlfr Qcy/ im n ai{`ny zimacz nq n

Bgibnjc af{nrqdfmq qcrf avrimj qgf Bgriqdn

fncm im >9>1- Qgi {voìbiqy qvmq dnaf qgf

bcmqrvbqicm qcy nm imqnmq giq- N yfnr `nqfr, cxfr

n di`ìcm fq ch Qimlfr Qcy gna offm cà-

Jfcrjf Zngimjqcm {fmq Bgriqdn mijgq >::8brcimj qgf Af`nznrf _ixfr im arfnahv`

bcmaiqicm- Bgriqdn >::: hnrfa ìqq`f ofqqfr $

nq Xn``fy Hcrjf, Zngimjqcm nma gi dfm gna n

difrno`f Bgriqdn aimmfr ch Hcz` bcclfa im n

orcqg ch Qvrmi{, bnoonjf nma {cqnqcf-

Jrffl ac mcq vf Bgriqdn qrff cr jixf

{rffmq nq Bgriqdn- N {rifq dny qgrcz n

ìqq`f brc imqc qgf xi``njf znqfr qc arixf qgf

ln`ìlnmqunri 'jrfdìm$ìlf {iriq) nzny- Qclff{ qgfd hrcd giaimj im anrl, avqy bcrmfr,

gf jcf hrcd gcvf qc gcvf {rimlìmj gc`yznqfr-

Gn``dnrl imqrcavbfa iq hirq Bgriqdn bnra im

>9>6, hixf yfnr nhqfr qgf hcvmaimj ch qgf

bcd{nmy-

Giqcrinm gnxf qrnbfa cdf ch qgf bvrrfmq

qrnaiqicm vrrcvmaimj Hnqgfr Bgriqdn, cr

Rnmqn B`nv, onbl qc nmbifmq Bf`qib rccq- Hnqgfr

Bgriqdn* f`xf nrf qgf dcafrmiunqicm ch qgf

/Mnqvrf hc`l/ ch qgf [njnm rfìjicm< gi

rfimaffr nrf ncbinqfa ziqg qgf /Gcrmfa Jca,/zgibg zn cmf ch qgf [njnm afiqif-

Bcmqimvfa cm [njf>6

Bcmjrnqv`nqicm qc

@VBIN DNMM,Qgf _F@$DN_ DbBcmmf`` Dfain Bcd{nmy

[F_RCM CH QGF YFN_HC_ ?;>>

zzz-rf`$dnr-bcd#{cqy?;>>-gqd


15/48

Bgriqdn Hnbq

Bgriqdn HnbqBcmqimvfa hrcd [njf >2

Ih qrnxfìmj im Hrnmbf avrimj qgf Bgriqdn

fncm, iq i imqfrfqimj qc mcqf qgnq aihhfrfmq

aigf nma aimimj qrnaiqicm rfijm im {c{v`nriqy

im aihhfrfmq {nrq ch qgf bcvmqry- Im cvqg Hrnmbf,hcr imqnmbf, n Bgriqdn `cnh '{nim bn`fmafnv)

i bvq brczif nma i fnqfm cm`y nhqfr qgf hirq

{nrq gn offm jixfm qc n {ccr {frcm- Im

Oriqqnmy, ovblzgfnq bnlf nma cvr brfnd i qgf

dcq {c{v`nr dnim aig- Im N`nbf, n rcnqfa

jccf i qgf {rfhfrrfa fmqrf- Im Ovrjvmay,

qvrlfy nma bgfqmvq nrf hnxcrfa- Im qgf [nri

rfjicm, cyqfr nrf qgf hnxcriqf gcìany aig,

hc``czfa oy n bnlf gn{fa ìlf n Yv`f `cj-

Im >81:, qgf Fmjìg {nrìndfmq {nfa n `nz

qgnq dnaf Bgriqdn i``fjn`- Hfqixiqif zfrf

onmmfa oy [vriqnm `fnafr, Cìxfr Brcdzf``,zgc bcmiafrfa hfnqimj nma rfxf`ry, cm zgnq

zn v{{cfa qc of n gc`y any, qc of iddcrn`-

Qgf onm zn ìhqfa cm`y zgfm qgf [vriqnm `cq

{czfr im >88;-

Im >:6?, >> any zfrf arc{{fa hrcd qgf yfnr

zgfm qgf ziqbg hrcd qgf Evìnm bn`fmanr qc qgf

Jrfjcrinm bn`fmanr zn dnaf- Qgf Afbfdofr

?6, anqf zn fhhfbqixf`y dcxfa >> any

onblznra- Rcdf Bgriqinm bgvrbg fbq, bn``fa

cà bn`fmanriq, qi`` bf`fornqf Bgriqdn cm

Enmvnry : '{rfxicv`y Afbfdofr ?6 ch qgfEvìnm bn`fmanr)-

Im >9;:, Cl`ngcdn ofbndf qgf `nq VR qnqf qc

afb`nrf Bgriqdn n `fjn` gcìany-

Im >92:, qgf hirq {cqnjf qnd{ qc

bcddfdcrnqf Bgriqdn zn ivfa im Nvqrin-

Im >91:, Qcy hcr Qcq qnrqfa dnlimj qgf

gcìany n ìqq`f gn{{ifr hcr bgiàrfm oy

crjnmiuimj iq hirq Bgriqdn qcy arixf hcr

mffay ycvmjqfr-

Im >998, Bgriqdn bnrcìmj zn onmmfa nq qzc

dnecr dn`` im [fmnbc`n, H`crian- N{{nrfmq`y,

gc{{fr nma dfrbgnmq bcd{`nimfa qgfbnrc`fr zfrf qcc `cva nma qccl v{ qcc dvbg

{nbf-

Im nm fhhcrq qc cìbiq bng qc {ny hcr n bgnriqy

Bgriqdn aimmfr im >79>, n `nrjf brno{cq zn

fq aczm cm n Rnm Hrnmbibc qrffq, ofbcdimj

qgf hirq Rn`xnqicm Nrdy bc``fbqicm lfqq`f-

Im Ndfribn, qgf zffl `fnaimj v{ qc Bgriqdnnrf qgf oijjfq gc{{imj zffl ch qgf yfnr-

Dnmy rfqni`fr dnlf v{ qc :;& ch qgfir nmmvn`

rfxfmvf im qgf dcmqg {rfbfaimj Bgriqdn-

Im Nrdfmin, qgf qrnaiqicmn` Bgriqdn Fxf dfn`

bcmiq ch hrifa hig, `fqqvbf, nma {imnbg- Qgf

dfn` i qrnaiqicmn``y fnqfm nhqfr qgf Bgriqdn

Fxf frxibf, im bcddfdcrnqicm ch qgf v{{fr

fnqfm oy Dnry cm qgf fxfmimj ofhcrf Bgriq*

oirqg-

Im Oriqnim, fnqimj dimbf {if nq Bgriqdn anqfonbl qc qgf >8qg bfmqvry- Iq i qi`` ofìfxfa qgnq

qc fnq n dimbf {if cm fnbg ch qgf Qzf`xf Any

ch Bgriqdn zi`` orimj >? gn{{y dcmqg im qgf

yfnr qc hc``cz-

Im Oriqnim, qgf Gc`y Any nma Hnqimj Any Nbq

ch >66>, zgibg gn mcq yfq offm rf{fn`fa, qnqfqgnq fxfry biqiufm dvq nqqfma n Bgriqinm bgvrbg

frxibf cm Bgriqdn Any, nma dvq mcq vf nmy

lima ch xfgib`f qc jfq qc qgf frxibf-

Im Him`nma nma Rzfafm nm cà qrnaiqicm {rfxni`,

zgfrf qgf qzf`xf any ch Bgriqdn nrf afb`nrfa

qc of qidf ch bixi` {fnbf oy `nz- Iq vfa qc of

qgnq n {frcm bcddiqqimj bridf avrimj qgi

qidf zcvà of ìno`f qc n qihhfr fmqfmbf qgnm

mcrdn`-

Im Hrnmbf, Bgriqdn i bn``fa Mcf`- Qgi i

afrixfa hrcd qgf Hrfmbg {grnf /`f ocmmfmcvxf``f,/ zgibg dfnm ìqfrn``y /qgf jcca

mfz/ nma rfhfr qc qgf jc{f`-

Im Jrffl `fjfma, dnìbicv brfnqvrf bn``fa

Ln`ìlnmqunrci 'n`c {f``fa Ln`ìlnmqunri)cdfqidf {`ny qrcvo`fcdf {rnml nq

Bgriqdn qidf- Nbbcraimj qc qgf `fjfma, qc jfq

ria ch qgfd, ycv gcvà ovrm fiqgfr n`q cr nm cà

gcf- N{{nrfmq`y qgf qfmbg ch qgf ovrmimj gcf

'cr n`q) arixf chh qgf Ln`ìlnmqunrci- Cqgfr

fhhfbqixf dfqgca imb`vaf gnmjimj n {ij*

enzocmf oy qgf accr nma lff{imj n `nrjf hirf cqgfy bnm*q mfnl aczm qgf bgidmfy-

Im Jvnqfdn`n, Bgriqdn Any i bf`fornqfa cm

Afbfdofr ?6< gczfxfr, Jvnqfdn`nm nav`q ac

mcq fwbgnmjf jihq vmqi` Mfz Yfnr* Any-

Bgiàrfm jfq qgfir 'hrcd qgf Bgriq Bgià) cm

Bgriqdn dcrmimj-

Im Dfaifxn` Fmj`nma, Mibgc`n zn evq nmcqgfr

nimq $ gf gna mcq yfq offm rfhfrrfa qc n Rnmqn

B`nv nma gf gna mcqgimj qc ac ziqg Bgriqdn-

Im Mcrqg Ndfribn, bgiàrfm {vq qcblimj cvq nqBgriqdn qidf- Qgfir Avqbg bcvmqfr{nrq,

gczfxfr, vf gcf- Avqbg bgiàrfm fq cvq

gcf qc rfbfixf jihq nmy qidf ofqzffm dia$

Mcxfdofr nma Afbfdofr 6, Rq- Mibgc`n*

oirqgany-

Im Mcrzny cm Bgriqdn Fxf, xiiqcr gcvà

lmcz qgnq nhqfr qgf hndi`y* oij aimmfr nma qgf

c{fmimj ch {rffmq, n`` qgf orccd im qgf gcvf

nrf giaafm- Qgf Mcrzfjinm `cmj njc ofìfxfa

qgnq ziqbgf nma dibgifxcv {iriq bndf cvq

cm Bgriqdn Fxf nma zcvà qfn` qgfir orccd

hcr riaimj-

Im [crqvjn`, qgf qrnaiqicmn` Bgriqdn dfn`

'bcmcnan) i fnqfm im qgf fnr`y gcvr ch

Bgriqdn Any- Ovrmimj im qgf gfnrqg i qgf Yv`f

`cj 'hcjvfirn an bcmcnan)- Qgf ngf nma

bgnrrfa rfdnim ch qgf Yv`f `cj nrf nxfa< `nqfr

im qgf yfnr, qgfy nrf ovrmfa ziqg {imf bcmf

avrimj [crqvjn`* qgvmafrqcrd fncm- Iq iofìfxfa qgnq mc qgvmafroc`q zi`` qrilf zgfrf

qgf Yv`f `cj dclf gn qrnxf`fa-

Im cvqgfrm Hrnmbf, cdf {fc{`f ovrm n `cj imqgfir gcdf hrcd Bgriqdn Fxf vmqi` Mfz

Yfnr* Any- Qgi qfd hrcd nm nmbifmq qrnaiqicm

im zgibg hnrdfr zcvà vf {nrq ch qgf `cj qc

fmvrf n {`fmqihv` gnrxfq qgf hc``czimj yfnr-

Im Rzfafm, n bcddcm Bgriqdn afbcrnqicm i

qgf Evòcbl- Dnaf hrcd qrnz, iq i n dn``

hijvrimf ch n jcnq- N xnrifqy ch qrnz afbcrnqicm

nrf n vvn` hfnqvrf ch Rbnmaimnxinm Bgriqdn

hfqixiqif-

Im Ryrin, Bgriqdn jihq nrf aiqriovqfa oy cmf

ch qgf Zif Dfm* bndf`- Qgf jihq$jiximj

bndf` i nia qc gnxf offm qgf dn``fq cmf im

qgf Zif Dfm* bnrnxnm-

Im qgf Oriqig nrdfa hcrbf iq i qrnaiqicmn` qgnq

chhibfr zniq cm qgf dfm nma frxf qgfd qgfir

Bgriqdn aimmfr- Qgi anqf onbl qc n bvqcd

hrcd qgf Diaa`f Njf-

Im qgf Mfqgfr`nma, Bgriqdn bfmqfr cm qgf

nrrixn` ch Rnimq Mibgc`n, zgc i ofìfxfa qc

bcdf cm gcrfonbl ofnrimj jihq- Ofhcrf jcimjqc ofa, bgiàrfm `fnxf cvq qgfir gcf, gc{imj qc

hima qgfd hi``fa ziqg zffq zgfm qgfy nznlfm-

Im qgf Qgcdn Mnq bnrqccm qgnq hirq af{ibqfa

Rnmqn B`nv ziqg n `fijg nma rfimaffr, gf znafìxfrimj Bgriqdn jihq qc càifr hijgqimj im

qgf V-R- Bixi` Znr- Qgf bnrqccm, fmqiq`fa /Rnmqn

B`nv im Bnd{,/ n{{fnrfa im Gnr{fr* Zffl`y

cm Enmvnry 2, >782-

Im qgf Vlrnimf, n qrnaiqicmn` Bgriqdn orfna

bn``fa /lc`nbg/ i {`nbfa im qgf bfmqfr ch qgfaimimj qno`f- Qgi orfna i orniafa imqc n rimj,

nma qgrff vbg rimj nrf {`nbfa cmf cm qc{ ch qgf

cqgfr, ziqg n bnma`f im qgf bfmqfr ch qgf qc{ cmf-

Qgf qgrff rimj ydocìuf qgf Qrimiqy-

Im Xibqcrinm Fmj`nma, qvrlfy zfrf {c{v`nr hcr

Bgriqdn aimmfr- Rcdf ch qgf oira zfrfrnifa im Mcrhc`l, nma qnlfm qc dnrlfq im

@cmacm- Qc jfq qgfd qc @cmacm, qgf qvrlfy

zfrf v{{ìfa ziqg occq dnaf ch nblimj cr

`fnqgfr- Qgf qvrlfy zfrf zn`lfa qc dnrlfq- Qgf

occq {rcqfbqfa qgfir hffq hrcd qgf hrcufm dva

ch qgf rcna- Occq zfrf mcq vfa hcr jfff5imqfna, qgfir hffq zfrf {rcqfbqfa ziqg n

bcxfrimj ch qnr-

Iq i n Oriqig Bgriqdn qrnaiqicm qgnq n zig

dnaf zgi`f diwimj qgf Bgriqdn {vaaimj zi``

bcdf qrvf cm`y ih qgf imjrfaifmq nrf qirrfa im n

b`cblzif airfbqicm-

Iq i fqidnqfa qgnq 1;;,;;; {fc{`f ofbcdf ibl

fnbg yfnr hrcd fnqimj qnimqfa Bgriqdn

`fhqcxfr-

Efv Bgriq, cm ch Dnry, zn ocrm im n bnxf,mcq im n zccafm qno`f- Bnxf zfrf vfa qc lff{

nmidn` im ofbnvf ch qgf imqfmf gfnq- N `nrjf

bgvrbg i mcz ovi`q cxfr qgf bnxf, nma {fc{`f

bnm jc aczm imiaf qgf bnxf- Qgf bnr{fmqfr ch

Efv* any zfrf rfn``y qcmf bvqqfr- Zcca zn

mcq vfa n ziaf`y n iq i qcany- Rc zgfmfxfr

ycv ff n Bgriqdn mnqixiqy bfmf ziqg n

zccafm qno`f $$ qgnq* qgf /Ndfribnm/ xfricm,mcq qgf Oioìbn` cmf-

Bcmqimvfa cm [njf >8

Qgf W Ucmf _naic (QXRgcz

ziqg

_co DbBcmmf``zzz-wucmfrnaicqx-bcdCxfr >,;;;,;;; [cabnq

Aczm`cna im ?;>>.


16/48

Bgriqdn Hnbq

Bgriqdn HnbqBcmqimvfa hrcd [njf >6

@n Ofhnmn, n lima`y ziqbg, riaf n orccdqibl

aczm qgf bgidmfy qc afìxfr qcy imqc qgf

qcblimj ch Iqnìnm bgiàrfm- Qgf `fjfma ny

qgnq Ofhnmn zn zff{imj gfr h`ccr zgfm qgf

qgrff Zif Dfm qc{{fa nma nlfa gfr qc bcdf

qc ff qgf Onoy Efv- /Mc,/ gf nia, /I nd qcc

ovy-/ @nqfr, gf bgnmjfa gfr dima ovq iq zn

qcc `nqf- Rc, qc qgi any, gf jcf cvq cm

Bgriqdn Fxf fnrbgimj hcr qgf Gc`y Bgià,

`fnximj jihq hcr qgf /gc`y bgià/ im fnbg

gcvfgcà-

@cmj ofhcrf iq zn vfa n n /li fmbcvrnjfr/

avrimj qgf Bgriqdn fncm, diq`fqcf gna `cmj

offm bcmiafrfa qc gnxf dnjib {czfr oy Bf`qib

nma Qfvqcmib {fc{`f- Iq zn nia qc gnxf qgf

noiìqy qc gfn` zcvma nma imbrfnf hfrqiìqy-Bf`q gvmj diq`fqcf im qgfir gcdf im crafr qc

orimj qgfdf`xf jcca `vbl nma znra chh fxi`

{iriq-

Diq`fqcf, n qrnaiqicmn` Bgriqdn ydoc`, zn

cmbf rfxfrfa oy qgf fnr`y Oriqcm- Iq zn cnbrfa qgnq iq gna qc of bvq ziqg n jcàfm ibl`f-

Dcrf aindcma nrf {vrbgnfa nq Bgriqdn$

qidf '2> {frbfmq) qgnm avrimj nmy cqgfr gcìany

cr cbbnicm avrimj qgf yfnr-

Dcrf qgnm qgrff oi`ìcm Bgriqdn bnra nrf fmq

nmmvn``y im qgf Vmiqfa Rqnqf-

Dyrrg i nm nrcdnqib jvd rfim zgibg ccuf

hrcd jngf bvq im qgf onrl ch n dn`` affrq qrff

lmczm n Bcddihfrn Dyrrgn cr qgf aimaim qrff-

Qgf dyrrg gnrafm imqc qfnr$arc{{fa gn{fabgvml nma i qgfm {czafrfa cr dnaf imqc

cimqdfmq cr {frhvdf- Qgi qrff i nocvq 6$>6

hffq qn`` nma > hccq im aindfqfr- @fjfma ny

Bn{nr orcvjgq qgf jihq ch dyrrg hrcd Fvrc{f cr

Qnrv nma {`nbfa iq ofhcrf qgf Bgriq Bgià-

Dyrrg zn nm fwqrfdf`y xn`vno`f bcddcaiqy

avrimj oioìbn` qidf nma zn id{crqfa hrcd

Imain nma Nrnoin-

Mfz Ycrl Biqy* Fd{irf Rqnqf Oviàimj* zcrà

hndcv qczfr ìjgq nrf qvrmfa chh fxfry mijgq nq

diamijgq ziqg qgf fwbf{qicm ch Mfz Yfnr* Fxf,Mfz Yfnr* Any, Bgriqdn Fxf, Bgriqdn Any,

nma Rq- [nqribl* Any, zgfm qgfy nrf i``vdimnqfa

vmqi` 2 n-d-

Cm Bgriqdn Any, >979, Fnqfrm Fvrc{f zn

{frdiqqfa qc bf`fornqf Bgriqdn hrff`y nma

c{fm`y hcr qgf hirq qidf im afbnaf- Bgvrbg

dnf zfrf orcnabnq ìxf hcr qgf hirq qidf im

giqcry-

Cmf Mcrzfjinm Bgriqdn bvqcd ofjim im `nqf

nvqvdm nq gnrxfq qidf- Qgf himfq zgfnq i

jnqgfrfa nma nxfa vmqi` Bgriqdn- Qgi zgfnqi qgfm nqqnbgfa qc {c`f dnaf hrcd qrff

ornmbgf, dnlimj {frbgf hcr qgf oira- N `nrjf

birb`f ch mcz i b`fnrfa nzny ofmfnqg fnbg

{frbg- Nbbcraimj qc qgf Mcrzfjinm, qgi

{rcxiaf n {`nbf hcr qgf oira qc anmbf, zgibg

n``cz qgfd qc zcrl v{ qgfir n{{fqiqf ofqzffm

dfn`- Evq ofhcrf vmfq cm Bgriqdn Fxf, qgf

gfna ch qgf gcvfgcà bgfbl cm qgf zgfnq im

qgf ynra- Ih n `cq ch {nrrcz nrf ffm aimimj, iq

i v{{cf qc imaibnqf n jcca yfnr hcr jrczimj

brc{-

Cmf mcqno`f dfaifxn` Fmjìg Bgriqdnbf`fornqicm hfnqvrfa n jinmq >86${cvma {if- Qgf

jinmq {if zn mimf hffq im aindfqfr- Iq

imjrfaifmq imb`vafa ? ovgf` ch h`cvr, ?;

{cvma ch ovqqfr, 1 jfff, ? rnooiq, 1 zià

avbl, ? zccabcbl, 8 mi{f, 1 {nrqriajf, ?

mfnq* qcmjvf, ? bvr`fz, 8 {ijfcm, nma :

o`nbloira-

Crijimn``y, Bgriqdn afbcrnqicm zfrf gcdf$

dnaf {n{fr h`czfr, cr n{{`f, oibviq, nma

zffq- Qgf fnrìfq afbcrnqicm qc of ocvjgq

bndf hrcd Mvrfdovrj im Jfrdnmy, n biqy

hndcv hcr qgf dnmvhnbqvrf ch qcy- @nvbgn imJfrdnmy i hndcv hcr iq j`n crmndfmq- Im

>77;, Ndfribn aibcxfrfa @nvbgn nma H-Z-

Zcc`zcrqg zfmq qgfrf nma ocvjgq n hfz j`n

Bgriqdn qrff crmndfmq- Ziqgim n any gf gna

cà cvq c mfwq yfnr gf ocvjgq dcrf nma ziqgim

n zffl qgfy, qcc, gna cà- Qgf yfnr nhqfr

the 'x' chronicles newspaper - december 2011 edition

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