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pleasure in recommending it to all who are interested in thisbranch of anatomical investigation.Zur Pathologischen Anatomie der Lysa. Von Professor

MORiz BENEDIKT, of Vienna. pp. 7.-In this short pamphlet,taken from Virchow’s Archiv, Benedikt refers to his earlierresearches, points out how they are supported by Dr. Gowers’observations on the spinal cord of animals dying from rabies,and especially dwells on the thrombi and venous engorge-ments that are met with, and the indications of centralneuritis that are invariably present. Reference is also madeto Mr. Coats’ cases reported in this journal last year.

Gazeta illedica cli Bahia. No. V. Maio, 1878.-Thisnumber contains an article by the editor, Dr. Pereira, onthe Hygiene of Schools; an Account of some Cases ofFibroid Tumour of the Uterus, by Dr. J. L. Paterson; aMemoir on Diarrhcea in Cochin-China, by Dr. A. Normand;a translation of a lecture by Claude Bernard on Sensibility;and minor articles.Za Independencia Medica. No. XXIX. July llth.

Barcelona.-The principal articles in this number are

by Theophilo Bombasto on Cottage Hospitals, and a

résumé, by Felipe Margarit, of the various methods of

treating Aneurism.

THE RED CROSS IN THE CAUCASUS.

THE accounts which have hitherto been published of theoperations of the Russian Red Cross Society during therecent war have not included any connected statement of thework done by the Society in the Caucascus. The Journalde St. Petersburg gives a summary of a pamphlet, seeminglyofficial, recently published, which fills up the hiatus. Fromthis summary we gather that at the commencement of thewar the Red Cross Society organised, for service in the Cau-casus, five sanitary detachments, to each of which wasattached a movable depot. These detachments, at first ofsmall proportions, as the war proceeded became larger andlarger, so as to meet the exigencies of the campaign. Theykept pace, in short, with these exigencies, and received theirfullest development with the formation of the flying ambu-lance of the Red Cross Hospital at Alexandropol, and withthe junction with the detachments of the flying ambulancesdespatched from the central depot at Moscow, and by theMarie Committee of the same city. The first of the ambu-lances referred to, that of the Alexandropol hospital, firsthad 20 beds, but the number was afterwards augmented to40, and, indeed, at times it was extended so as to accommo-date about 90 wounded. This ambulance was under thecharge of Prof. Reyer, of the University of Dorpat ; andits staff consisted, in addition, of 2 physicians, 3 assistant-surgeons, 4 sisters of charity, and 10 hospital attendants.The second flying ambulance-that provided by the centraldep6t at Moscow-furnished accommodation for as many as170 sick and wounded. It had a staff of 3 medical men, 5students in medicine, and 5 hospital attendants, under thedirection of Professor Arseniew, of the University of Moscow.The third flying ambulance-that of the Marie Committee,of Moscow—had a staff of 2 physicians and 5 students ofmedicine, under the direction of Dr. Betling. The accom-modation for the sick and wounded provided for by thisambulance is not stated.The fixed Red Cross ambulances in the Caucasus were

five in number.1. The ambulance of H.I.H. the Grand Duchess Olga

Feodorovna, organised first at Borjorn for 30 officers and 100soldiers, and afterwards moved to Tiflis. The staff of thishospital consisted of a physician-in-chief, 4 physicians, 1 dis-penser, and 22 sisters of charity.

2. The hospital of the committee of the arrondissement ofthe Caucasus, established first at Mazra for 210 beds, underthe direction of Dr. Reyer, then moved to Kuruk-Dara, andafterwards to Arpatchai, in the environs of Alexandropol.The staff of this hospital consisted of 7 physicians, 6 assistant-surgeons, 7 students in medicine, 14 sisters of charity, 31hospital attendants, and numerous other persons concernedin the general administration.

3. The ambulance of the sanitary detachment of thenobility of Moscow. This ambulance arrived at Tiflis on

. June 27th, 1877, and its staff consisted of a delegate-in-chief, 5 other delegates, a physician-in-chief (Dr. Roznow),5 other physicians, a dispenser and his assistant, 3 studentsin medicine, 3 assistant-surgeons, 16 hospital attendants,and 16 servants. During the winter the number of thisstaff was lessened.

4. The ambulance of Finland, under the direction of Dr.Krohn, and having as staff 3 other physicians and 8 sistersof charity. This ambulance arrived at Erivan about theclose of August. It remained there until November, when itwas moved to Tiflis.

5. The ambulance of the parish of the Dutch church ofSt. Petersburgh. This ambulance was put into operationwith 20 beds, but the number was afterwards increased to40. It was under the direction of Dr. Tilling, who had withhim 3 students of medicine and 3 sisters of charity. Thisambulance was established at Alexandropol about the middleof July, 1877, where it remained until the close of October,when it was moved to Tiflis.One of the principal modes of assistance given by the com-

mittee of the Caucasus consisted in improving the installa-tion of the sick and wounded in the sanitary establishmentsof the State, augmenting the staffs which cared for them,furnishing clothing, linen, bedding, and surgical instru-ments, and improving the food. In this mode the Red CrossCommittee gave help to 64 sanitary establishments.The Red Cross Committee of the Caucasus was formed of

16 members, under the presidency of General PrinceOrbeliani; Lieutenant-General Staroselsky acting as secre-tary. A committee of 16 ladies was also formed for theprovince, and assisted greatly in organising the central depotat Tiflis.The sanitary staff of the Red Cross Committee of the

Caucasus consisted during the war of 38 physicians, 6 dis-pensers, 31 students of medicine, 26 assistant-surgeons, and270 sisters of charity. The disbursements of the Committee,irrespective of large gifts in kind, amounted in 1877 to430,661 roubles.

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New Inventions.HOSPITAL DRAIN DISINFECTOR.

AN ingenious apparatus has been designed by Mr. W.Soper, M.R.C.S. Eng. and L.S.A., for the more efficientdisinfection of drains, under the name of "the hospital draindisinfector." This apparatus consists of a conical pottery-ware receptacle, which can be dropped into the drain througha specially-arranged opening, so that the point of the conedips into the current of sewage. The receptacle is chargedwith a mixture of black oxide of manganese, chloride of

sodium, and dilute sulphuric acid, sufficient in amount toevolve chlorine gas for a period of twenty-four hours. The

gas is continuously delivered into the sewage and drain froman aperture at the apex of the cone. The fittings of theapparatus, the mode in which it is suspended in the drain,and the arrangement generally, in the specimen submitted tous show excellent workmanship, and carefully provide againstany regurgitation of sewer-air through the aperture of com-munication with the drain. It is claimed for this apparatusthat it is specially fitted for the disinfection of hospitaldrains, particularly the drains of infectious disease hospitals,before their juncture with the common sewer. A modificationof the apparatus has also been designed for cesspits andmanure-pits. The apparatus is manufactured by Messrs.James Stiff and Sons, Lambeth.

CLINICAL THERMOMETER.

MESSRS. WEISS AND SON have produced a clinical ther-mometer of the ordinary construction, but with the glassoval in section, which causes it to act as a magnifier, andsimplifies the reading of the register. The invention is

patented, and will be esteemed an advantage by theprofession.