From Nomad to FarmerFrom Nomad to Farmer

Curriculum ObjectivesCurriculum Objectives M1C1M1C1 Explain the sequence of human development Explain the sequence of human development

from hunter gatherers to builders of great from hunter gatherers to builders of great civilizations. SSH1civilizations. SSH1

MDL14AMDL14A Define Key vocabulary associated Define Key vocabulary associated with ancient times. with ancient times. Content Detail:Content Detail: CivilizationCivilization, ,

culture, polytheistic, culture, polytheistic, hunter gatherershunter gatherers, religion, irrigation, government, , religion, irrigation, government, technology, economy, prehistoric, homo- sapiens, technology, economy, prehistoric, homo- sapiens, BC & ADBC & AD, region. , region.

Bermuda Social Studies Curriculum

VocabularyVocabulary

Hunter gathersHunter gathers SurplusSurplus AgricultureAgriculture CivilizationCivilization RevolutionRevolution DomesticationDomestication Pre-historicPre-historic

The The Agricultural RevolutionAgricultural Revolutionand the rise of and the rise of CivilizationCivilization

1

Before history andBefore agriculture

OrCONDITIONS

Early man were Hunter gatherers

Hunter - GatherersHunter - Gatherers

The earliest groups of people survived by hunting…

gathering foodto fulfill their basic needs

And

They livedin a simplesociety.

2

Hunter Gatherers hunted big game animals and added to their diet with berries, seeds, roots ...

In hunting and gathering cultures, women usually do most of the gathering, while the men specialize in hunting.

Question to ConsiderQuestion to Consider

As you watch this presentation think:As you watch this presentation think:

““How did How did geographygeography affect the affect the growth of ancient civilization?”growth of ancient civilization?”

The life of a hunter gathererThe life of a hunter gatherer

Hunter gathers had to continuously wandering around looking for food to satisfy their hunger. Hence…..

They did not stay in one place for long. They did not build houses, schools, churches, stores , roads etc.

People who never settle in one spot are called….NOMADS

3

Then…Then…

There was a There was a fantastic discoveryfantastic discovery……that ……that greatly greatly changedchanged the way people live !!!!! the way people live !!!!!

People discovered AGRICULTUREPeople discovered AGRICULTURE(Agriculture is the growing of plants from (Agriculture is the growing of plants from

seed).seed).

They also learned how to domesticate (tame)They also learned how to domesticate (tame)Animals like the cow which became a Animals like the cow which became a

constant source of food.constant source of food. This lead to … This lead to …

4

Domestication of Animals

In contrast to hunting and gathering as a mode of life, agriculture means modifying the environment in order to exploit it more effectively. Agriculture alters both the animals and plants it domesticates. Ultimately, it changes the very landscape itself.

The Agricultural The Agricultural RevolutionRevolution

I don’t get it !!What’s so important about

A bunch of seeds turning into plants?How could they affect people lives?

5

You see…The ability to grow their own food and raise live stockchanged peoples lives greatly.

People no longer had to wander around searching for food, they could stay in one place and develop more complex societies called

civilizations.

7

So…as a result of AgricultureSo…as a result of Agriculture

Man went from this…..Man went from this….. To this……To this……

8

Society went from this…Society went from this…

Living in portable Living in portable accommodationaccommodation

To permanent To permanent settlementsettlement

Simple society Complex society

9

Okay, now I get it! The discovery of agriculture meant people

could stay in one place and developnew things to improve their lives.

This ‘change’ in ‘life style’ from hunting to farming is what we

call the ‘agricultural revolution.’

But Why did all the first civilizations

begin in river valleys?

10

Civilizations didbegin in river valleys, but before I tell

you why…..

Let’s explain in more detail what a civilization is….

11

What is a civilization?What is a civilization?

Art & Architecture

System of Writing

Roads and bridges

Cities

Organized Religionand sports

Social ClassesWealthy, middle ,poor

Different Jobs,Money & Trade

All these developed because of agriculture !

Central government

12

A Complex Society

But why did the first But why did the first (Complex societies)(Complex societies) civilizations begin in river valleys? civilizations begin in river valleys?

All Rivers first begin in the mountains. As it rains in the mountains the spill off that runs down & forms rivers.As rivers run of mountains they pick up silt, minerals and other nutrients.

13

When the rivers reach the flat land of the river valley…….

The water slows and deposits (drops) silt, minerals and nutrients which forms rich, fertile soil.

This land is great for Agriculture!

14

That explains why the oldest civilizations in the world began first in Mesopotamia (Iraq) and then Egypt.

Both countries have rivers running through them.

15

Nile River

Tigris

Euphrates

16

That’s the end!!!That’s the end!!!

Your taskYour task

Write three to four paragraphs explaining the term…

“Agricultural Revolution”

Use the outline that follow to assist you…

Outline:Outline: To further assist you, answer these questions in your paragraphs and sentences.To further assist you, answer these questions in your paragraphs and sentences.

IntroductionIntroduction What are the basic necessities of What are the basic necessities of

life?life? How did the early people satisfy How did the early people satisfy

these basic necessities? (What are these basic necessities? (What are hunter-gatherers)?hunter-gatherers)?

What are nomads?What are nomads? Paragraph OneParagraph One What is agriculture?What is agriculture? What is the meaning of the word What is the meaning of the word

Revolution?Revolution? How did agriculture affect or How did agriculture affect or

change the lives of Nomads?change the lives of Nomads? Paragraph TwoParagraph Two What is a civilization?What is a civilization? What caused the rise of What caused the rise of

civilization?civilization?

Paragraph ThreeParagraph Three Where did the first civilizations Where did the first civilizations

begin?begin? Why did the first civilizations Why did the first civilizations

begin in river valleys?begin in river valleys? What rivers flowed through the What rivers flowed through the

lands where the first civilizations lands where the first civilizations began?began?

Paragraph four (Summary or Paragraph four (Summary or conclusion)conclusion)

Complete this sentence: “ The Complete this sentence: “ The agricultural revolution greatly agricultural revolution greatly changed the lives of people changed the lives of people because...”because...”

BeforeHunter

Gatherers;Nomads;(Simple society)

DiscoveryAgriculture(growing of

plants)?

AfterCivilization(Complex society)

developed in river valleys

The first civilizations

EgyptMesopotamia

(Iraq)

The Nile River

The Euphrates

River

The TigrisRiver

Cause Affect

1st

2nd 3rd