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Anthropology Experience
Cultural Anthropology
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Before FieldworkResearch QuestionResearch DesignImplementation
FundingPermitsVisasLanguage Training
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Participant ObservationPositives
Access the Emic
Determine Actual Behavior
Develop Rapport
Biculturalism
Problems
Language
Lies
Ethics
Culture Shock
Hawthorne Effect
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Subsistence StrategyHow a culture gets its food may effect:
Group Size
Political Structure
Sedentism
Economy
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Food CollectingForaging or Hunting/ Gathering
Small Societies
Seasonal Nomadism
Use Rights
Egalitarian
Balanced Delayed Reciprocity
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Food ProducingHorticulture
Relying on small gardens + foraging
Sedentary Populations
Larger Societies
Ranked Social Structure
Economies of Surplus
Big Man/ Achieved Status
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Food ProducingPastoralism
At least 50% subsistence from herd animals
Eg. Cows, goats, reindeer
Larger, more sedentary groups than foragers
Rely on trade
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Food ProducingAgriculture
Large-scale domestication of plants and animals
Irrigation, machine and animal labor, fertilizers
Huge surplus
Large, complex societies
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Kinship
Relationships based on genetics (consanguinal) or marriage (affinal)
Fictive Kin
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Kinship Terminology
Affinity
Gender, Age, Generation
Side of Family
Sex of Linking Relative
Distinctions:
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Kinship Terminology
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Kinship Terminology
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Kinship Terminology
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Kinship Terminology
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Kinship Terminology
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Kinship Terminology
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DescentWhat Descends?
Wealth
Property
Name
Status
Customs
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Descent
Bilateral
Unilineal
Ambilineal
Double
Types:
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Unilineal Descent
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Unilineal Descent
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Marriage
A ritualized union of people creating kin.
Alliances Children
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Types of Marriage
PolygamyPolygynyPolyandry (fraternal)
MonogamySerial Monogamy
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Marriage and Exchange
Bride Service
Bride PriceDowry
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Sex vs. Gender
Sex
Biological
Hormones
Genetalia
Genetics
Gender
Cultural
Shared ideas
Based on the sexes
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Elements of Gender
Division of Labor
GenderlectsGender Ideology
Sexual Dimorphism
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Gender Asymmetry
Differentiation
Evaluation
+
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Religion A Worldview involving beliefs and actions related to supernatural beings and forces.
A culture’s shared ideas and assumptions about the emicly defined universe and its cause.
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Magic
Methods associated with the
attempt to manipulate the
supernatural world.
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Types of Supernaturals
Anthropomorphic
ZoomorphicAnimistic
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Mythology: Narrative stories of supernatural
forces and how they relate to the world
Doctrine: A religion’s codified ideas about
the universe and often the resulting
code of behavior
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Types of CultsIndividualistic
One-on-one interface with the supernatural
ShamanisticPart time religious specialists
Altered states of consciousness
EcclesiasticalFull time clergy
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RitualRepeated, predictable behavior associated with the shared ideas and assumptions of a people.
Tooth brushing
Catholic Mass
Greetings
Weddings
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Rites of PassageRituals of Transformation
Child to adultBachelor to husbandCivilian to soldier
Three StagesSeparationTransformationReintegration
