What is IWRM?

The basis of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is thatDIFFERENT USES OF WATER are INTERDEPENDENT.

The GOAL is SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ofwater resources.

The needto

considerthe

differentuses ofwater

together

Water has aneconomic value inall its competing

uses and should berecognised as an

ECONOMIC GOOD.

Fresh water is aFINITE AND

VULNERABLEresource,

essential tosustain life,

development andthe environment.

Water developmentand management

should be based ona PARTICIPATORY

APPROACH,involving users,

planners and policymakers at all

levels.

WOMEN play acentral part inthe provision,

management andsafeguarding of

water.

The PRINCIPLES have formed the basis for much of the subsequent water sectorreform where a holistic management approach is applied which the supply of

and the demand for water should be considered when creating managementstrategies in a IWRM planning process.

THE DUBLIN PRINCIPLES LED

TO KEY CONCEPTS

IWRM And Its Relations to SectorsWhy We Need IWRM

Integrated management meansthat all the different uses ofwater resources are CONSIDEREDTOGETHER.

Water allocations and managementdecisions consider the effects ofeach use on the others. They areable to take account of overallsocial and economic goals,including the achievement ofsustainable development.

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a process which promotes the coordinated

development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximize economic

and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital

ecosystems and the environment.

IWRM helps to protect the world’s environment, foster economic growth and sustainable

agricultural development, promote democratic participation in governance, and improve human

health. Worldwide, water policy and management are beginning to reflect the fundamentally

interconnected nature of hydrological resources, and IWRM is emerging as an accepted

alternative to the sector-by-sector, top-down management style that has dominated in the past.

The basis of IWRM is that the many different uses of finite water resources are

interdependent. High irrigation demands and polluted drainage flows from agriculture mean less

freshwater for drinking or industrial use; contaminated municipal and industrial wastewater

pollutes rivers and threatens ecosystems; if water has to be left in a river to protect fisheries and

ecosystems, less can be diverted to grow crops. There are plenty more examples of the basic

theme that unregulated use of scarce water resources is wasteful and inherently unsustainable.

Integrated Water Resources Management is a cross-sectoral policy approach, designed to

replace the traditional, fragmented sectoral approach to water resources and management that

has led to poor services and unsustainable resource use. IWRM is based on the understanding

that water resources are an integral component of the ecosystem, a natural resource, and a social

and economic good.

Issues that Must be Addressed In IWRM Approach

The Most ImportantIWRM application needs effective, transparent and committed governing institutions

Breaking Sectoral Lines

Rigid functional divisions within governments as well as international

development agencies work against the types of cross-cutting, holistic

approaches to development planning and resource management that IWRM

requires. Building capacity for integrated programming, when ministries are

organized along sectoral lines and poverty reduction and environmental

protection/management plans are drawn up separately, continues to be

difficult.

Focus on Three Pillars of IWRM

An IRWM approach focuses on three basic pillars and explicitly aims atavoiding a fragmented approach of water resources management byconsidering the following aspects:•an enabling environment of suitable policies, strategies and legislationfor sustainable water resources development and management,•putting in place the institutional framework through which to put intopractice the policies, strategies and legislation, and•setting up the management instruments required by these institutionsto do their job.

Development of IWRM Planning Approach

The IWRM Planning ProcessThere is not one correct administrative model. The art of IWRM lies in

selecting, adjusting and applying the right mix of these tools for a

given situation. Agreeing on milestones and time-frames for completing

the strategy is critical for success. Implementation may take place on a

step-by-step basis, in terms of geographical scope and the sequence

and timing of reforms. Scope, timing, and content of measures can be

adjusted according to experience. This offers room for change,

improvement and process adjustment, provided that the proper bases

for sound decision making have been established. In developing a

strategy and framework for change, it is important to recognize that

the process of change is unlikely to be rapid.

START

STOP

Key IWRM functions

Stakeholderparticipation

WaterAllocation

PollutionControl

InformationManagement

FinancialManagement

Flood & DroughtManagement

BasinPlanning Monitoring

INTEGRATEDWATER

RESOURCESMANAGEMENT

Strategic Planning Framework

SupportingKey Areas(Foundation)

Main KeyAreas(Pillars)

VISION[example: Clean, healthy and productive rivers in the Citarum Basin]

Institutions

WaterResourceDevelop-

ment

WaterSharing

Environ-mental

Protection

DisasterManage-

ment

CommunityAwareness and

ParticipationCapacity Building

Data andInformation

Key Areas ExampleWater Resources Management Office Datong China

W a t e rr e s o u r c e

p o l i c yd e v e lo p -

m e n t

I n t e g r a t e dw a t e r

r e s o u r c ep la n n in g

A s s e s s -m e n t o f

w a t e rr e s o u r c e s

A l lo c a t io n ,l ic e n s in g

a n dm o n i t o r in g

o f w a t e re x t r a c t io n

L e v y in ga n d

m a n a g e -m e n t o f

w a t e r f e e s

T o a c h ie v eim p r o v e d m a n a g e m e n t o f

w a t e r r e s o u r c e s le a d in g t o a c le a n a n dh e a l t h y e n v i r o n m e n t f o r D a t o n g a n d i t s p e o p le

W a t e r R e s o u r c e sM o n i t o r in g

S t a k e h o ld e rC o n s u l t a t io n a n d

P a r t i c ip a t io n

C a p a c it y B u i ld in g a n dM a n a g e m e n t

P r o c e s s e s

M I S S I O N

K E Y A R E A S O FA C T I V I T Y

S U P P O R T I N GK E Y A R E A S

The process: Implementing IWRM

IWRM is, above all, aPHILOSOPHY.

THE CHALLENGE TOCONVENTIONAL PRACTISESThe case for IWRM is strong.The problem for mostcountries is their longhistory of sectoraldevelopment.

As the Global Water Partnership puts it:“IWRM is a challenge to conventionalpractices, attitudes and professionalcertainties. It confronts entrenchedsectoral interests and requires thatthe water resource is managedholistically for the benefits of all.”

The IWRM Implementation Process

15

EconomicEconomicEfficiency EquityEquity

EnvironmentalEnvironmentalSustainabilitySustainability

ManagementInstruments

ØØ AssessmentAssessment

ØØ Information

ØØ AllocationInstruments

EnablingEnablingEnvironmentEnvironment

ØØ PoliciesPolicies

ØØ LegislationLegislation

InstitutionalFramework

ØØ Central -LocalLocal

ØØ River BasinRiver Basin

ØØ Public -PrivatePrivate

Balance “Balance “ water for livelihood ” and “water as a“water as a

resource and business”

”

MORE INTEGRATION IS INEVITABLE(WATER IS EVERYONE BUSINESS AND A DROP OF WATER IS LIFE)

The IWRM approach promotes more coordinated development and

management of land and water, surface water and groundwater, the river

basin and its adjacent coastal and marine environment, and upstream

and downstream interests.

It is also about reforming human systems to enable people to obtain

sustainable and equitable benefits from those resources. For policy-

making and planning, taking an IRWM approach requires that:

1.water development and management takes into account the various uses

of water and the range of people's water needs

2.stakeholders are given a voice in water planning and management, with

particular attention to securing the involvement of women and the poor;

3.policies and priorities consider water resources implications, including the

two-way relationship between macroeconomic policies and water

development, management, and use;

4.water-related decisions made at local and basin levels are along the lines

of, or at least do not conflict with, the achievement of broader national

objectives; and

5.water planning and strategies are incorporated into broader social,

economic, and environmental goals.

www.iwmi.org

Water for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENT

Current Situation – Dry Season

www.iwmi.org

Water for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENT

Current Situation – Wet Season

www.iwmi.org

Water for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENT

Underground Taming of Floods for Irrigation (UTF-I);

Wet season

www.iwmi.org

Water for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENT

Underground Taming of Floods for Irrigation (UTF-I);

Dry season

www.iwmi.org

Water for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENTUTF-I in plan view

KEKERINGAN TAHUN 2003

Waduk Cipancuh untuk mengairiDaerah Irigasi Selatan Jatiluhur

Waduk Jatiluhur mencapai elevasi terendah4 September 2003 (+ 77.04 m dpl)

Daerah Irigasi Waduk Cipancuh

CIPUNEGARA, HILIR JEMBATANPAMANUKAN

TANGGUL JEBOL DAN BANJIR

FLOOD COULD BE A DISASTER