aristotel poetica 1965

ARISTOTEL

POETICA

Stldiu intodcriv, raduceE si conrdx'ii

iner9i.i dc S fEI-l,A I,ETECET

qr€EDI]AJRA IRI^RISIOTF.L

(rR, l - r2: i . n)

MARI^NA MNRZE^

l'i;irlrtr.r^;,1"j| ' : : , ! l , i i i IIn.- ' rkr({ \ |

NOTA ASUPRA EDITIEIA III-A

PDtiLe sDt in lune tattrcctta .t. o lit da prctu'di.uEallxd si

'unLxtii inlclccc4 r eirddut,r:r...r? d' Poelca,

gind rtre, dens, ettptic s.i nlcsc, cnjEnxi. evdnat. sttcitl.ih tc gii atet e a nnt e t oj s kE h 7,. c r."nc x L tatsptt i1' tcnrcnii cchlrtpuLi.c snL si iDtc.Fcdnlc tle a tsenere' seLihc hc , p.nind.tc tt n xsp.ct sxu ntin d1tuttn'1ui, si ncryi but tr rv,g, snNrnittjct) r.t dnnt..i dtnEneu|i a irtdli ontpte hkc.lcttirS d6nte n nu tt trgite 2ctt'spcctirx ctunr:ljci a43r)c adtatetic, itidividuxti/.art . in rapatt ctr xltc rjpfti de etnnne tle

A ns.ncnd ot ti rt' ttttt lntcpti'rtc ttrttt D, sp..t,tistI i.nt tBnl upxbil si crprih.lt si sd lnleletet diq tudal

" trticI, eia tu j L.nianLctr i riixnLclc in njlcri a intcpd.sr,1n natt tn'lisrst, D M Pini'ti

( t!or,, 1l iudiilt nxarc d^iq canLinrxtu.lnccl'r nnitone k kns ti Ptrn,ttn^flL

Ndnnkt riat, .,'rL lnr tirac c.i.,,,ttrr"rirrt.ra'6-o

Aelr Jd exprdr f,c .e ,.uD, tednlt k pcsle td dc..Dii deta rt dtehts sA ,prr!].. valumul isi rinfttil.nultudi adn+tixt t xcttulittld reteni a nutilpte,zntx ctLtic, Paean), tttt.ptrD

ir.:hiii1:t,#"::ii#,r! jx:[i::l:t,:

,[ffi*rW

NorAASUPSq EptTlEl a l l r ^

l::::';'i::,:.:.:;:::::::::i2iH::,::::xi,:,:ni::INOTA ASUPM EDI]IEI

A U-4, 19651

)it o prn lamt, nult dcxebiti de sce' dc '!iiri,

prcrcntu n Jucet n Peticei tu Atktotcl r Io! prblicafi tn 1910,nitrnnnDn Btt^ llc Batdre,eptiTate h cebva sdpttnnti

pti.l stltujtltcu utre dea tmqtt otiihnd doutbi de rni ni s-aenstpeSAt{ octlitit tu t, h.mt N studii| pthticzb indtinD, ]a dtrat si.t ptuptijlc tulc. eean xsvn idcilat titttEh Atdchitutc - unete inedite, tuc)c tipinb iatpe'tt d)t 1935 inatinb rtyhtc .tin ta'ii t stdi'thte

Multunid inqtee*n kItuii aadenEi R.P.R., rcanznagc$tti jhtalji derine Ecto' posibili, in coDrtini E frc dia vcchea

irisin as t td*etschinbtti netnstuatc, stuliul irtodD1iv ,i .tuDlrnrt

'u t6t

r.fi2ute , sinlitat spornc, h ,cast9 2dtugad!-tu eb r.mitdc dpnttici nai nulG etdii tpccixte xswts uDn .]' uabtenele de cr$.aie xte dactjrcl ctcticc a c.1ui nr2i npEz.'.ttiv

i tc urrcfii.t @ ih,.ituptt spre ztb dmcnii at. sti4t i Anb.hit4ij, -

'n fid nadcj-

nct dc a brc'i cendvz ]a jsbnt htet.r Ertc{i sj hnnc,votun\sd ofetitasdzi pDbticttui EpEzintii, inn dte sz std,'uiatuunatd uej stt tdnti in Jniatc. ci pDrctul.lc plccm xt und

CUPRINS

Nd:;pndird!n ! , ie65l . . . . .

r. rni!'n,ercld ! pr,ii! 1&ioddr !tudrrr nijL@leh a ln&ruLdrca rcdtod Ln ur ! .

rnPdra i szi! soiLq r4 L4Ea';Lrrniu' .r6ry'c!rr5 qsqxi

xv. Dcdrtd! sod(i oba,iu !i &dd,ircr !i h i@FBi. dr t!s{o.DurbiriiE lls:gc i sqPlt

( vr.Dcinititedci.rhrudd!dir@sddtoti i i$nMah

vn. cd dhdidensr d hFdni: $!i!rld su Di!i. s!6iqul

npanlrc hrE Eq!!i!!4 cdenirrunarn'b'e&... .. ..

xr ide4iitraridr.dcf4dti p4lsr,eEle4r,dqlll.!|grollu

oit6r e '!B!!'s!€rdhgj9

xrv.ll!sls!,b!r4 r b!id!4n!q Fd

CUPRINS

i isde,--;.fF D$sr

xrx ^ke

rq4'ft dc rls.dd slltr !niqbxr E!ruddrErt!LU: h*r. !r.r.r, Fnl

lr.xxv,.GDslGi@hgdriillw s . t'!6j

!.15 x*p 2xj ixvro216

in ldmr n, od. ne a li,$ tssnn\ sr in caa c infiliiat astizicnn n'luj . opuscultrl lui Arttotel Ilai ndrlr(i( - Poe,.r,cumisespuieobisnuit (prcTjtrii.lririindoirLl.numriopctt

Ihotulu:origio .Luc'd$poarcd.dnce,inainlcdcroare.dink oiruic!trrtului laototmacomcdioidincare nunc-!rlmasnici o urmlir. RLics, n,,si, iot atir de bim, dint o scric d. relembar€ tarltriali Aridobl ln tdsul Da?r rbrtj. in cfc,potuni'l'ls$ic.redezvolr.toinopuacnsi .reterzil,lis,slselnblcagici d fi Lin rlciluri did nai mtrxc ciirlir: CuDr a! d.vedit ocer.eri!tri ftccnti, ip.ieTa cc. nii lndrPr ilii Patc cer caE Iatibuic dou, cm dc Joui..i intindcre! Errulu' ajhc ptlt

h noii. si, penru cll rcda din trdn (cafrer l, dupl roarc

INTRODUCERE

n Ar0! i a,nbn! rnj!rur€odcidbfl

^dkid \irr di& hnrs{!ap.r

rv h$trD!r\'rquhAr\bbr\iIieN(tu,;xvn

D.M. PIPPIDI

pr.bahitirirlirc))einchi,rtramud,.trohirc, rlxsrci (qlNcdtitrs.dia), ror xtft de indreltdthd lDrrc li p$uDuncrc! !i paircrricrduda! rirdd dc*prc hurt,.!t,ocTicl.prducuilcnnb,coi mnce6 r

rar.lcuGitrlscric.ilorccrl.!t cscarllzicolel op!*lorrn$orclic (sirgBraexcepli. liirdconnitDitr dc trtrtul dcspresr,nrrdidn,/or'A8ryai!/ rolr.ia,4qsopdtrhsreSislvrftulur kcur

'nr utr r"!trdrn E!trnrlPrtn? lru! Drk Llin

aklf I r!.r:rirtu ?i,e .?aoqllj!:! nr ril!.,rtlui..u : reanv'i,ro a lucrirlloiaa-,u ciu sorrilc risDandirii in mrrcrc Dubric

INTRODUCERE I"{ POA?]CT

cun litcnrc sli dnce ciir {urortrl l07. Flc singuru nc n,3!duic sl nercprcT€r rin, anizi mer s ilarer elonului s iicmdtizatd dcsfisututdo Srrgint, si antrfte int-o forml nd neminocitf,deI ru nairuiedicl dccl nc r L irgrdtrir o ldma cli(t{ri i scricilor

lnrre unclc si cclelaltc tebuie s! n existrl de rltmltrien unptrrrcr msteDs.ccrnrina( p.n. din todcnilcinEticarc Jiopcrclc ajuNcplrrla mi emu. cu signrrii hbte int un chiplinp.dc siphcft inl\dyo, iao(p'pistati chiar Jc rclcn nr.lc lulAi$otd.Ecr7ul uDei scrier.e

Fre si li avui u. cuprins Acmtnitor, dacil du idenlic cu a@l rlP@r€i. d. vrne ce, in capiktul xV al accncia, nlozolul siDlurriniru k c! lEtrru dhcul,armiDukDtC. clc anuri. vr fi ro aasd op.rl, c mi grcu dc spus. incrrdosul $ncnluaricudiocliicnlub. doudtitltr.i se pornvesc

'ni hlne cu reprezentrcr pc cdc nc.o purcft f&e despre er: lile

eb se nnpa{ si pdiinrclc nlobgilor, dinr* car udii - pnilrc clGudc'natr,und dir ultimLi editn ai Pocrt ie-o identilici cun@r@r{io ri< a.'rrliia rirvlucirdcRoi{!ri.-ouJialogrl ltr iri ci4, flai rdLrriil0

Oricrrcarli icci id€toF?ror I;tolde c{ri.s rsemlnltor. pe cm,Aisolor in$rsi ntr s dir si-i opuni Dorcl.f fi'iprrn'ic{rc\Pdrr9lciraclgnlrqrollurn-sorqic rrrcciteia c oglindit lirll luriltl de l$eltre h compodir i' Yilul ci,

hTtrilof,n!turc ptu. s Llr r3 lrunK.ipr\ Lrfo\b (ik {lcde{rare uDli ccrc lrrg 'lc olrnon i{,raroi rd}DL soisccubard itrCnjira conpatibili cu rubiectel. rahb. de cele mai

'nulr.

/ lntanplma, cae hdrrn5b sod{ chilor, d ficur e scnon[cltE lc9ale lui Arisbcl. hilrizirc vcmiciei, si pirri pani h ur.Nc ru dms, $him6. clcmcrclc smcn rcroaDahd, mrle de

(sedJ.i ' fu1#!LLbla4ltr! ! ' .Lxl

'k4dr4Ejudid rlid i {e 'i

F,e.

FD NT PLPPIDI

amiindonlncobirruib penrfl o opcd dp$l'nind u,ei pcrio'Jc

tLllPlrllf i\m\' qrn[urw- cstur i luSl i r in- !R!13[&trdnnrdroupeninrLrurrliien tla or.dete, riitrn-r,le.Lip* \i hI LhiL g'

I.crplicftile I', oncc ,L!! ipotei. - nind vorba 'i

un cdset[ior dc

ralir rui Arisrorcl.-acncpdictrlrritiri 3e LlmdEs. l.rne plln

lunr ! u ' , Lmpan4tt dn! 'nnl i l r r t r ldrrdr

l!-riqi d.re,, "r,inLc i, om'd*;[ n(.-rc i

Elimuri.cl,.nobdcdB dc r€l{ c4lrpJ 9es le qlqa inPtrL. .nrpu'c, o:e^i j t rde;r ! 'J R"unr 1-DUb[Ji

' ' rd l . / i r i l .

vr r :L(d\4.C!R -on duol mareidul IiEru cc(cra!, itc.mpmbil mi fdilitr unor

\ n nie;1 dccel oriciliui rx auditoriu cr accnca @buic si fi fo$rjnubint uitrl ditr arn invilinenhluL aicnirn Ar tubr ch'ar;€cti: din rn'nii ani ai rca$ui itrvidmlin! (334-330 lpoxima'iir), dtui iinein ssd{ dc httul ci in rcel rone AriMorclscgisca I)riN inb o sic de carcertui cu(nuomviraL, bruFnLo,irrL.in colaboErt cu Carlsthencs) in.cntrrc DMie. incl la Cun€a djtr ?cll{'4. altelc in&nire cu sicu.itr tnit"n ltrt.- r.,"-.*"i.

^L6aoKcriotj)Deper. de a salislacc o vanicurioziha filobsicil,ace$rczunat csnotosic,inlcstette sinlrror hlcrcgerer anud-!i!!

INTRODUCERE IA POETTCA

ffi;FffiiDftr.-Di]iml;;ipnifi;iiJc_;rlris@ F"i

;XF*,-jjjj-j..jffiiijffid ideilo Dish oi, ru nrnn4zi inp.nrnh aceicicoNratiri; cid vEmc rrDdGrca la vcdcnL inaintrsului sc dore-denc cca nri siguri calc de I'rrelcgcE 3 pnrprd.lui dochte,raloarca dorodolosi.i a ,pbpicrii rimine lntErsi'"

Eblm uidc vor a roy $rulc 'canc

lcclii: intcbic cu rrit dd

llrasoi, cu cir, diii infomal]llc dc car dnpnncn 6uDr aciivitilii

d. dascll alni Arisiol.l,.7ult!clarintrttcolidcinlclcpciuncindoDi l.curi si in doul pcrlodc :rle vicrii' '

' ' Prima Ddoadi. orc lnccp€ in rtrol rnnlui l48. n'drri duDr

norrrealuiPlabn,sidurcazic i ' rc isanssurni ,sedcsi l ioarrnancinAsiaMicr h Asos,in Toa'la ,prtunrMvriLcnc Cea

ic adouaeuoiultiniiari aiic\ii nloblu ni(r34 123ter):unsprczcce anidc lebrillnNncictabrc lctc.uii h Alcnr'indumbravaLycctrlui.dcvdnitiiccntul scolii noL dctnlclctcrncintc dceste dou[ Fnoadc ilc Inve$niN fubl'c sc srueu ui

monrcntimpona dinvi a L:lozotului, cei mtri m' pelrecud h

Cuncareleni FiLiD,in Pclla.iiclrmri p$9tuni iiidlina a ctxn

c' rvc! sI lic Al.xrndd .cl Mffe

l5

: jatii ' inlin'o dc blc, crcnpldlJlq

unu *i.c ri rclil!Lt. scinliiliscaTi cd lind ii trlrifradi cscniii,.j!ir{i,f: | +r". ,'. D" mdc.;sn. p;ntu pr.!on. naasi ihir}ric tru-{ dctir. irdclcrdoia mi.cirdrsilri rnignouc,ru\urniricrrcir rlstrL urmrrc$c srrcpsducr'nccanic @riiarucxrcdm-.:i. rrprc r

'niimpuri .mcmgi. ArjstoGl dcflrcrb sidiiror

rcca{i c.nce!!ie, adand ca obiBcr ar3c!iviritr minerie nu r{rlhrrruerfi cirii,4tudDenb *iscntion nnimplrilitr uedt..i.jd.mtseqrarij. F ihb ?at

S i iari, d*ugand din accas[i hndmenhli diveBenti o dh,tor rrir dcicmnilirdivi.iDciudr unci rcrnnnolo!ii idcnricc si runui pud.r de pled.onui\odcinc !i jitr&lcrnicit inr-m lct (m-care cu Platon si.a puur d. icami .i * intillndrc h .ccr nlozofo adevdnd clatiricaE rCetrurilorlneraG. dqill rolul De.orc.lFaci nnibiia in [{m di. eltr se Rie, anu'ne. cI o priinl crbclriede o,odud'irsLi!<(ih Dri'idlrin,lecruLilc rds! 5i tumn)carridulldcdb .sarrd $b /cnumnca di\r 6'd: !$'ied<(,,uri sau i! inrcglmc imrr$[ci o a doux utlonc drrii6LrilF,. sui, draly.l\ias:inbirisandrimilciocnpovcnib lco.chr.liohlri.trchviunilcDne Jc tulddilnrmbiloili \tidir..i. ulLi'iii !rLsurn. {r.]nd LhDL DnroLi') uDv'L!a.cdnruti\d:] r. lyi p ncld douii rlpurisnin 'Ltel i 6" dr@,leov { t r .*pop1vo.,ntro<I ' Pcnttr

IN TRODUCERE LC IOEflCA

..modirdcre,.a.cd{Iclasiti.rrcc ado$atisi deAr(torcl\cu

desehnercsedialtcii, vremcce.prinrr_obi?dircslL{sgca{ nmrl te 'a:a!s ' s n! ! toFRLe htrn Ll i 'atEornlel 'L

l ll fl,u llJc.trie d. Phron nry: r i u hii srzlinruru' mLmc'

!e .o.r . t r . rn;L dd"o b e L b, rd" i I1. f r i | ' ie , "

i o. .ou"- at ." . " . 'e: , l im J . r \L . $ ld t

'm\r iDu.t ld PUri -J ' l i

d

r r0u n. ' . . ! f c4 ' ro4rr4 'q p ' tue'rur l r 'nr-

" o dr, 'u. .0 r ' l n1'bJ L ' l oteh 'D'" I ( '

i " in-nk lu i@'nFm hr ' ^ ."d

Amra snorniccifrerinddiscipoltrlui lrtnvitl tr n'E(flru1idloh'craren.ivechc.rm,ntprilci slstrbliiicTmisun

m.dr h Plrtuq- 0rctu !n us n{a

- . -" io " " . r" " r ' pu'' ' Pr. o_

" 1:e ' r

,e '_. ._. 'hF-. 'd n, ! i " orrc

' : ' " " 'p."/n36p"(r lee S l i ! r r ;D'D srbr ' r ' : -orr

rr" . r l , f i r ' . i " t ' rL;p

n lhuni \ i a i f

-Tt"#,,lift:*+;ffi]Gfiiff i . -F.". ' .". ,1." * - .

r i " . " . : " . mo' i l . s L L '

r r l r "u ' ':n - . f l | imi

' , ' .JL i d.dPr" rdt ' " j

st l i lh i l fdJ.qtrLgld$'

D M P1PPIDI

lirin .alificrlivol3 arrh0nc postitor rcpETiD|inJ cclc douil orienrrd:,,r an Eni poeztr.-.itim._dupiicakcrcrclc indiidurlearc pocrilor, tuih $norsc (o€!ydr.po!) indinerd si imiE ispd-vie dc$ si raprelc.ito.rtcsi. i{cete dcIind Gtrr.raor.poL) perrc .sncn ii or Eciopiili: glu ! ii conpuil Jin capul td.ntui s tih0ride do.tdiii, prccun ccitrlii cendni si laude. tl

Dov'drc: rf.t fku[ NUnhr.B rJDon]rcalura,n.kr ,rc tc tu' f hion - mr,8rru; j k dopL.;.,,ti, F";.r.

_.1, !1. - ' , r ' re.rc. .1 ! r . r , .1.- ' , in l .ed. ' /

r isurrcudRnba4(tord. ! i l \ i \ ro iee !Jprh, | l * ]umDc/eiorccft puncrc alhinrci nei'lctcsc,,n€ud exptjci h oc tcl, dup!aipra condrmore pldonicr. inruvcori, lui a,hrolct avca 5t

/ lnainie dc rprsit0sitrexpuncrca noDtDi pund.itc vcdorc.ru e pete rlri fotos sr rdinresc, ttr pu{jnc .lvinrclrmponmd.c,t€k d. r.!7d(.' dLii.de Lrr ltrtonr 1,.,u/uj,tp!Lr\! loc/!rr.

ffi-PS*

j i ' ' ' o(P.p \ , ,b l l5; d l

INTRODI]C]]RE L \ POFTI'A

cnn an trnt pilejnl s o dlt, dupil allir.i' lucrer crt36, rcc*Ea

FuM J! : iu erpr mJ l ln€l dcJl i "cqsibi l ! lgma

Liizo6 u u,;r'{r p;rL.r; " ,cn. + .4 c re' irJEr ii

-^ru.rordr'! 'nJLre :prciru'irnN rivrrlru'!'sr i m0dtr,'niEFinopr

dint . luminddrrumh l"s ipe ur i i nnmbri tencr! nn'bi ! !

fni nnm i,,le ra b 7!iFcL,ncr!$i:ri!r].i r!r'!{!

: 5!!ar!rm'i,re i ;jn, p^'!m'!q

rnt or;D r sbsn hl Nd s e,im,des. J r8u'mitk

rlla;{.!{r nlmdc i! PhLr s rdDc! u \ingh JJlle\pu'

ncrc. hi si DtutseavI t Dul cclci mai .biccrv' 'ereran

ii -

;'ivcsr" D.in{ *'i" ie h"-uiri, pozilirlu An{obl

dxindisri irel diDddc de a ri pAii si_si expn grnd0rilc

AUpr, ML -,le.4rq\{q;! ldlsr4r Lcr4tiillhe{ ?i!!rlfln mlntrNurr;,'d r Festc L': in(l)nr de nr trii r.L stur,, t' {ue. rel!j4f!r!!!4!1l!!f(n,l€d1Lde r.!,!!ai!!r!r!Dr!lfiltr 0 lu:4rc' sm\!!li ('t

.;;i-ii N tu-ir d,s.'r' 'rib.

rprupth dr ioresr pdun cu rc

i GR!'c . pnn cluul l're.seil'trLlr I Lt"ul de'trr;nJ inte

neid.nc. rui cu seanr.nullumitidialogdlui n'pi 4Lr'ooO'a<

l3

4h.*t

corlnr!.dup.roxleFobrb'trtillc.iiciidctsr€nExscdc taCunFdin Pclra:r C.nsccv€nr r.c\ruiputrcrdc vedde. cdc nucrs. cun sc vede,ud simpln aguic c cncunN.arttl. xuronlArr,rr r I putor sil ncsocoreasci obi.cu dc re]trt &eton prvindIrrrr.{ 43rrru r-rnritbJ t!!! r. nrd .r o jrtuRi F ..

tu-lt c! !n!:1inr{!!lla'ur!d p;"" rd.r, . "*

;+" .^,rum' s rors,.d \l.rer,,r,.u.4; tr ro$ p.iuu eio sdnrirlr.n:i6nn!.Ls;r5r!u mu'l JlLh mrSEp'di de rtrr ntu,, ntr r or r r,?oi.:!'B4r \w!iirn'fl i r!n'r.JD.nrut univdsJlar pcz*i-Gadardc$pntlldmdtdephd D!tr! ,, r,iElaiconprnre cu d.ri{: accda din mi ,icuti si cxD.idc inramtrEi i.[iirt G]rzui pddtft. cu ilr.

"u''nr'), e; ,1u. iora,"

p|Ll pu\ibir.. in, \rk !urre(r, . " . , " , "" ; , r , , r ,

mnrreacuc,toAnnodrtrDundccclelde adtuscnrdcobiec,Fplatonicc i,nlbrivapmzieie.inschi,nb,,mi lbilr.ca mrt1,IIbrncusir !l utrcicrLZe'leliclt,shsintur itr \ov;icsJ sene&dili.uhillilclcnbu areo.olin bnE irvinuiscplarorpo.zi!drama!.i dc tipsii dc cvlavi., poDru picdl do a ri inlirsn pe &ii't o lunini dcravonbilt? Aui.rut p.crlli $ sdbe$te sil i.purl I rrfin k prill!ag!!4!!!!!4!!r]! r.tru!n dNu]lr q!!!!r!!! jrllgcl]]altr lin lectrni v rbrcli!i!r' risrk'lirnu{ U

'ri; Fih nii q-nad!, j,r deLhptusn de e$ndJ.ru ddrn{ i ! l ln i { i r ivnmt nLr!uhch vor wilmowir rvl@ ctrduriT, a ptrtur o dctini: ,,un crir,.pc' de sre rllliror dc lcgciJi crort. p€hcnr poeric,nj jit

x!M!!jrl&dr!e! li c o n'dcn'anaGci r!!!!!r!!9a!!Sl1o

ryglrlq!.r4lq e!hlE!r! !!\aIl]qali:rlraeedir - a?u cl. pilisind o clid rclul coktciauluipsntn rcl sfituirorului - sl nu iDlid$zc ormcni nc hpnvilrrccaDd de la o iar dc tricne b lna dc ncfcdcnc, cici dr lcvrd-!to drul sI *nrnersci Lrica.d.ifriLa(iIro< roi ddpo.),circpulia(rLardr).A{ijd...nici pBncmcmi.iG.andde lrostuc!c rcreicin lr una dc ludonq din roa€ sittrdiilc cu p0rintrr!csrae eanai potruicii cnroricitr8icc, neavind dan'l s:iprtiv.acc oici Dnuldinsetr.i'n.rtclccuvcDnc: nici pc el dc o'ncrisii {'d;,oponovl,ni.inila,nici fricJ'\

Y Nici piilclul nchri zic, nici c€l m(nl nu crau 4nt 'le

gtu dsrsfi',s cumsrruhmrdinrrcinviinirilephb!j!!ar'-pr?;r,nc*! dc r se biztri p. pea .ci mai tulin '

alid,rii a sulldului si.l! r idm Davunile.. oii.e hcJt Ll. oli(r J Llurct/Cc' msi

/ \ -

,\io.;o\ €-INTRODLICERE LA POEIICA

$rblin, pctrh a fi ilfitisd cr pdssanctuadl h'i Dionysos, de un cor dL .et4eni nenfii si de doi sxu

c,r a r ! . r&c.r 'hA' ! t . 'p l ' . ' tudi<"q{!undetr , ! Lr i 4oL. r i r+!4 dhll!,Lic buor er d. rdqdtr, sr(n !hDnner.elend .Jl!Gr - d! adLLdc \ r/4t j 'c i " . i r - r i . rs

' . . . . t r 0 4sm d { ' . i . ;pn

1:!+!;1= =i:i:l-! ri4:"'s!!!

dv.dc prcdilcclicsubicdelt

i,Ad{oRlru p!br l;\J ni!lrvdrcsri prdr nn:mn'nm R i\rrmvl l"i \c clF re-!l4!!L!L

,mn{clq€L.. r,crr r Prul ,Plr.oD. {l nr r.cNrimrcrc,econsidei."- i,ftrrit,idLnr up

D.M. PIPP1DIi.!^i itc R\. r\.olnrru u i^!!!!rri ftrlufrL{ rJliLr,+.

orholosni Ari\!tr!l 1lr!r ru rra

pi6ir'r.i-nm-eamrinittur!fi iinidaiGft Eiafll{-ifi trfi innac

INTRUDUCERE L A PC]ETI'A

+Prmcsd tunctsc rdus anlel in disouric tru '

rllul de'at

lJ'm s, pu{!!!t!-9i!!urlq $eoptr'c fur ru6D'rlr-rbrLl. muh-dKdbb) r Ll. d$ \ ! I1 trd r ' De gd quiLr, { \u'r

'r-!ati rtr.'p.crcs? - se mintri4lnci dc ir irceputul verculli {l

XVll lea.DdietI'lcmsiri(3 orclinsul'rluncia\cmencarE

lrrctur Dr*rniiah't-rtru \turFnkJc rhre 'l

dcgeplnriEluri4rrrr!!!3!)tl\!dr{ourr!!!tMm LrJti nrd

'c7! hrr mr ' lun! in! ;hn orclercr0 nr*b.r !s0r lnrD

consiincnslretorsfoniri:.infiiFrelic!1\u'nftarpnnort cIe. ci P$ine allolc. r rvur

d,nls[atagicrri.Tihbanlolog or5i xdiiicikn,ditr/ilclcncG

nlar.nicilor PGtos si Idnbl i. hor pan: in zilcl. noa\ft- d lnta;on$nuj subidul und lucriin spridcri Nevon sii lrcc rsnPri lc

in.dLlrul mrG,nr ! l !1n' !J F' ! '

€lci 'nai

cdnlorc cu clc, se in{clcge cllntr poalc n vo.ba si itli

Bn &ideor ,!r 1lelc!r,41!rl!-dni efonlcr r! qitud

rrcletrdclc trne h'hloedfirii mroni&rsfamilln7ac!dnnls alLuldirrsFdclcpsblcm'-

Cuni am amlniir o in tcrdl, cca r! vechc itl a lncncii_

nbr de inr.l.gerc a rcrtultri[istordllc si, ro(odrI.dB limunre r

tF b;rr { {L, , e4"Nr-, '

,i -

rih!, hid. r"J-qL '

Lrdq '-"..

pL r ! r t r ! {Lrcrni in l i fn F$rpmftr . : :v!rn{ ' i f t ;

;,r=":1.t"+;-.ff.1;:il*il*#-_1*.' '

' : 'n . 'G.: u.r" . - -1 .

' prrm-eJJ "r" , .

mr io5prjin!r \itruri."st0sq,!Fdt'ee 1r cbxa ils\,!ohrebui|!n!, bjaljtipJ]c CLr]]s!!\intr \i ! .rrr.,.punl(dc dc cer ce e cM!\'ii clq.

r'ffilirit 3 nrrorircoir prsirmtu ..saluiffe, in iuniiicma inLiu"ii crrendc dc ps,a drmalcr, dhtunF c micisiAri{olclolribab,tuplicindt delinir dccldnrirrsedielrdccatururuiprcificaroral frctiunii,dilchivnevirimibi rt uiuipnsosdcsnnri€ndrDhatpincasprenrisftiiLol,llibnr.

a'

D M PIPP1DI

lemn'ctrului ,,punicirir' e tcgdii dc ntrnetc nsopjai.itcjtorPLodo\

' ra'nblichos. cetdi,riiiin c.nebttiut h sturn fti

Plaron,ccl dc rl doilea irrl) {nc( cucai.crcrft t4io\,D6iprr,r.rt. egi?rolo4 trc-a' risd o ilturprerare nn,tri vnnesocotG rsidcnloast. dtrcac antzi inccpe siliuprtfunica uiscros izvor dc i"ronnaric. ciztrrr ri unre in cur$ Eyului Msdiusi chixr il lremituni j h lcl cu b0nli pane I lircnruiloi ct.siceGrnguri a.rbLi I[r a j tirdrlr orres4olnrrr x-lcrabu l tischr Marr sc o(cnca s o rldtrci. dnDto veniuurinrcimri vcch.irl, air!" Nd sr edcncpE oriGzrrrer crudfutor si a tncn!to. rri! in $cotut al xvi ter

Din ncc$ velc darerTi o \cric Dc{ertni ft hdu.cri jcohcnrrn.cerenni mulb tulicnosr,ir p+inite cif..r cfinid,lnsorcr'crarasctiei ii.nr tusluricner,mn€roas! r;€aroL<Iiiy naoqrdruyNmnsiIILcjur\crc.icmlifeln .inrupr.dn5isisrcma Incirodari.dcuninuDbnuporsr von,i Dorbr,lspnozlur' lc rcr er\iin cdcr lni ciu\eppe n)flmiD] ra lDcd.r'Ur resrnrdrn. in .rc iffturima eiidirii m$orelice inrrr'&a unei cotrJrinft LrrrEs0Dp€neiDc umindnnDaiinIhli,. de la Fran.csco R.boncro..cr din6i .omed!tu rlstagi urnt.Fnii llToLqua.o'ltso. da.r-nciin cennioir,n),\nslqn, stan sini Frdlrr'.

Ornmde s-a tnrinpni, tu Euopa. n, ctrAUl ver.u orxvr xvlllplrbnddtulionJidercndiaricta\ici$i.lnob:t61.

r . :hqrrrr turr i t , ;n,sD s

INTRODLJCFRE LA TDFIIC4

ci se 1Falc dcsopen, sub o lomil \ruronlui ftrdd I'npomnu tddau tcdrdiui (ngsdiei, ind@Ebi) dc ddmnea lirerarun nu i cca nrj lUiin scmniljcaiivid.vade a a.Gtei apopicn lcotrddc.Ii md 3 nor,din9undurds\rdcrc c@ nc nrcrcscaTn, e l@rul .[ utrii din m;i dnmahrsi ri&elor ii pun - englezi, tance/ sD{lcrrmneDrad\iuuprilcjdiridcr;0dp'L< rdv'o0+dro!imercand,pe m:lsuu.unoiinlelor lunloLogica,cxpliralii mrimulr s mri puri' htriezinc, dff de licc& dd! suge{ c.Famoasi. inte todc. e drctrdr n,chiMti ,,puilicitii ' inHan$usischc Dtrrnaoryjc tr l\\i trsins4rri dd nftrcsrrc d.o_retivisurr considcrariil.lui Concille astrpu,lfcdclo trs'diei- in cclc d.ui Dis.u.rD consrcnlc strhicctului4r , oi iniefplckrc! n, umk prviils divnddic a lui Milton, in pref rpicsci

Adcvlllah cmcrarc tlologlci i psblsmci, in inrclo\ul unei

'neknlc riSut rc si !l unei inlor

d;{irt,. 'r (. i.t*. irqhldii,

D.M. PIPPIDI I^'IRODUCFRE LA ,'ol IICA

nulr hisr dm indr€Pu[E. dc aproape bd cai de o suti de u'

iDcoscs,s a0i!delchi.nint{nchipsd.lrulculilozonarbilriape,ici in a.cdlll drn unl carceoric se .dmrd, cr 3i ru crbz

,l; un nunc. inc*ora abddui Brcnond dc a nbnilica pro

cei ..Durilicini o.,ircrpeiir!.la ndtrlcicrnctft7ad"

ufu si a.ersj .u iiib Tnc .DislicC ri Lr ltl .u nbzofii.

rsiziBErrnd. JilddiLc$insAoicoethcre. vodin'ldcspr

rd.Aop',< filologii intili n rtr iiutln irrcortrrer rexrulni.trlic cevi d1n lclul lor pnpiu de inte

lcscrc iijudecat i anci in ai! nirvlll..i,in 14! cononld dc

intelicntl si riibl]rft dttune pcitn r dr lu.nnl cclor crtevr

,iid; i;chi.d. pobl"-ci dc A'inorel. nu nc pubm impi'dicr

d.J- ! : "d tu pn' . pr lJnhd ci in( ! tu ! \ r3 ' t r lofnu \sn { i I h

s ' ig r i r rLu' l i r in zmluinF d! ' n i r r

(ilmi.i&ci in chiP neDrevcnir la.i dc ce, inchcind acca$t

tur:d erpuncr. a nn.i trcs$rsit dis!rte)1, nu pol lisa

inccrcarc dc cxplicarc d duftirici trecdici crd l intres'ililozorii r SrlginlulufLr rrii a uih lumin,ls ofcnrc dc indoirrradiiiecdhadici,'eligioasisi medicali avertll ir idslr liintilabir in sccolul tLl XIX lca. Dc pc l. junierca lesui vc,. dftazic61e douri {udii desprc ctc sc pod. spunc c, au deschn caleacxcgcTci..Dicmp.rnc a.,purilicini : coDunicaEa lui Hcnriw8ll la CongresDr din Bah.in 1344, Ucbd dic Wnkug tlclT.,€odje nz.l' Arisro.elese, si mcmori ni Jacob Berd.ys:arnl2iiEc .tu vdlotdc' AbhxndlutE .!c. Atistobt.s ,b.t diclvl*ure .Jer TEAadte. publni in I 8sr si Eiiptuil nd tat r_r

die anndelh.he Thcuic tLsDnD3ar. inspndi dc analogia p(cticii ,,purifi c{ri i ltr lirelgamdicini gEa.ivc.hcCdoopo!< *crhcDtrllolositn'scrierilehipocisri@ pci@ qrnpuNr dc cliDinr. r 'Dnonbi hpdui),arlbuind de alDinlcri ltnoncnurui poncn ncddiiilixfhro-relici a trsediei o viloarc limidrir.arc caru a si llr.nlo cutroscut[sub ntrnele de,.!coria pard.gici r purilicirr, inlcrprerrrerw6il Benays (itr romul3H elui din trmi, Dai c0 scdni) $i lroneincr cBlor mai mtrltc inr.rpnriri lmptrsc in trltinclc deenii"

Ceer G nu insermnl rorui cll imagiratir cdticilor $r liopri.aci Ipobzclo cclc Dri indiiznelc au fon fomulatc, cu mai

dii.ri idd p4\rif rr,tr,d

it

l--

D M. PIPPIDI

ri $udiilor disorelice (t1, hcklnl lor, Foblcnoi ,,plrilidni ) (lc Aulu{o R.!'en', rle cinivlrrc conbburii imbosilti(apirolclc cele nri inturecde alec$cricii e(hi.Srdoni!{ riia'i"ri,r4!ui tnviitardd aFcon$iluigindul lui Arinotl in rhoslcn spinsal]l r qc' 1tri,inurcdelorrc lcsrilun iinsini our r !ri'! sil tDtrl sudiul Ptrr.et cuid.ilc litcrrc ptuIcsr{c dc Plaron ni senmcheT4lile siguralcu.ci s.noNo mdodc ietori.crL Din nildaci sc vor itrspira drrpurin.lc considcntii ou ajuro l ciroF lr lmtele ingld c dcspdiul rcrrids voi iiccror. l! rc\cnrirlc alc tuibosci etrigne

Cun,mD[i nohro.inteacit.in rcxru] ajunspanilrnoi al?ocd.rilcn tocnul iuhir Jc Anloe Nn'eiitl&utr ntrsu io.,lr inccpdul rapil.luhti vI ( 1449 b

intindcr, iD lrd inplloblt cu rcluirc soitrri dc poLi.?lx oscbrdWIficca€d l;nleei.imitaricin.hlFuridcormun nidnn'..

INTRODLJCERE LA POE?ICA

')i rftJ \ivi^cne.qlrrrr(,

,;,-,6;G;; r.r{i.< ui}(0,< ilotoF, ,r3r'ri!o. rlito

ropiq tk ior{ 1;r . i6, iv tv roir ppGL<,6dvrov.oi ou

6,' draly<[irq, ii !r;o! Kai oiLrou n.!4buoa lrr ro]

.0[ ! i l0y 'o0lB'r !y(04{0Ly' . .Ccvrn nulie mi

'tusedatr desprdn'caircaa v_r I

Poltddi, niF D .apitol ii vind loLoriu mu/i.n n' .'l trcNlic undc

cilid, intc rlrcLc, !i mcl.LliiLe crn!drrLKd r ivoor.r.rrd(gl1'rdind.ldici.aciiun' on snh

ndrcorgiu$ice) Ndftrlsi,,plrilica $ lct.l.pritrinriiuntapecmo.icrcrii a{'p[.,milosivilor,hco5ilor ri a 1irilo Drso.rlchdeobic: ,.i< ir.rirlvaq *ai

'o'jr 4,i rrLt.i< !4

'orq6lua naiilrr!tq i Cll.lnt un rcn si iD ccllllait,. vorbr dc

a.cldilemmi,odovcdcrcrunumdcg tulosircrtnncnuh'ir;iiio,<: re/ullll djit. Flcrnrlll e{plrcni r li!ozolLL trL todD,

.rE.lnInl.dc trdrrnriln!trrcl! aci rcProdusc dcsPrc..PU.ifi crct

muzi.ri. \ric.in !Elasi!ipirold Pdntci, . cc rntrnc tcbu'c

inGlcs prir kj0dF, < lrll a.i ii tugr: Dr Liinruii voL vorbl dc\Prc

cr nr ctutlu dcsflc a)ori.iJ "i,i cc .xpirol al rdcdli tc vor Li gl1

nu-ilcsiedcspus:dcvrcmo.ertr$inrlltrcs.inlorn'l rjuispAni

lrn i O, ri.iur.!z n rnputcrlurdrcprcxplrctrlinl3d iln'c

dndclinilirtrgcdici)nuncrnnimdccft sllr.supunc'ncl nvor

firvur locnl jn pdcr pic ull I luciirii: capir trlitrchinal

,;,,.,";,",,,,",,.,,""".',",."'.",,.

4.,

INIRODUCIRE LA I'T)EI'C4

lnlsa li c&c1cri7dl cr un pm.cs ir pde medicd, ir panc orr!

'srj!,n ltumfi.inir, in monede dc tuplc!i's$ cm.!c. mDe

clc cc-i reti, aiungind si s.

i pu care dnnrtr inccPu(t.6 de a punc nr lce uri inu'nr

1li A ri$orcl cu invltiitura lnerrr ptuDovid u il ii nc Phto n, nup cDlisanBrlcrdllindrctrlab r.orcspordcnrlitrft a.enlinonrn dc limpDnrs liunti.:i si cca mli grav:i dint. invinuiile ln

dtopsre de rubnl srrrrlu, nnpotlva rici vinaderfb'^ip.

frdca ndiomli a suaatului si dcjosnirclcg!6dctE.eEsidtrFre lnt ad$ir,lindc!Pllt,tr.rerrcgiunenesurti^i a sufLeitrlucGnu vr.asi$iedeleee(vd[or)nn rc.lrllcllluzld{itinJc nnilene,lisoplinrt.alepoftci(ir,0!rio) cinclinalii trsc rinsuic,rdnesr.xsIs rcsclcrscli,rlrl iisu CoitihuiM drLiDruiecatr mhiului c.lic r nl,n

nii.r..rlcrded.itiriiprcxiene odipdiciPauhsnttneniclcnre'crtc dc &onltagic sru comic llc dtui dirrnn lc nmtrid,p!.zix. $ in sp.cialForhdnDni.i.nn ln.o dec s:ltnYcNci

$l tl inlcrcrsri r.cAri itrdoiti priuncrr. Ci0d e voda dc tragcJic.buoio,tri.cc rrc 0oelridc.ir no tffirscazi inliimPlilri dii' virla

mui fcforaj Legcnddr, iNhrPl&

Ifterob{urididnoi crrcsnrcncvolrrilse.leluirrc:is slriicnmeze prinil kirdesrulr(I siiririvcsclnecrtscmnc sim$rlmP'nildercriun.alEzlie.u iortrc

mr. irenrca ac.lciarl I .niL mdisciplinlc r suflctului 1 ljt-hcu si in cclil!11. priinetdin pid ce tecccchili&ul liiudtic al

ln laltr une,a \i r.clcilahc rnctrinrifl,nirudjma omultri cn judecrd nu pulc fi d{ir itrdepitu&' rpcdes houdtil a prici'n dc tubutut

Ndici. drc ar fi $r.iM.D p3 vrhlcn..lc cinn arguDcnrc,rlune de Ro{agni, s'nr de{ul d3 surcro pdrnL ! r!J"d{dexc.spthiler5 Flrlir$lir n,!ii!N,0[unui aminnnroncpu!r$dc contold. cccr ce se cuvinc turiDnt dr rrndDal. cildc dcP.r,rttc,'ndcuscrmi,nbditata,.pudicini pomcrircrcol.d .pfincarcr'avtrLli in vcdcru ni (hritriln hsedi.i inrre w 11.crlr ri Arin.tltru pr.ea Ii lictrr delsehift Frriumid.agl.si. putendarlnhsi irr.rfdrn c.ld mrirul'r omsn€

(iv! iixi crpli.ii al]rtni.ti ltr!rdn rcruil,Ll lf fdmalei,aliicalcloinrelsgereI ar.n,iro

du.edecarhrczukrrcsupNcn'doicliiScn'ndarcI.du0ihlo^tunon .sersiliilrnicazdonci_

n asculrioi,inr:]unrcrnu,cjic$dco\cbn \cnsibilirs(pr.trnft anumrc rcmpcrt

',ci rc,l)rnLcuh de cnafi vc ,,unn ormcni

.nnn i..adtolnl de cm r nrd lo$ vorba sunira,niipirilid.rccasri ponrn. decl rliii. Dc a.cu i: \i vcLlcnr. duPi ce $ ru lilsatsuLlclul pradiimuTicii,potolitid' mclodiilc sa.€ca ri cum r hrv l)a b de o vindc$re sxu Durricrc!'. Si.nrinQrft:.,oAcnenea !ref$3r sc pcl(cc in !t'ip r!.csar tD surst'l milo$'ubr, ftorilo. .\l 'l

fi.ilor pasonlllo iodcobtrer h €'ldti, in nlisora in cx€ Iic.rto o inclimt sprc rsmcnu smrinurc T.li iLxi,doopotirll. hcaarcl un soi rlc puiliolrr tL o niu' e inbviilisridcdcslihft... ir.ljirliitenne',.,,puili.d.r"aoFmsniLir

,2.)

D.M. ?IPTIDI

Cu cu15iniisP€i,amrni nni ctuniFrea tplicii L"i A'iorcl

int un ptrtrcr und' sliibicjuica rrsumcnritu plaionicc c vidniln! adevir. dr.l rylecrcr licciiruja

'hfte noi spre eft{rilc pulcF

nicccrcrisidtririiLhc,l,rcraldft n coh{cennul din Diillorcclcdc iq)li,iirc a rce{cj ieroi suucrcdi.n$i nntrsi doYcdl!crd'trrcrii o$ziomlit sr&liLccrc srtiDiiq.tivi, rispundcr sragirnrl. Da.[, pe dc. pdnc, Prsiunil.nu srorrcrlldmrbei Jrcii.tcdcrLriFnc,c'n.lirpnbjumdcoFra dnndlcl. trs,ci on onic!.cpnr c!inslsio.hclrDia r

ca Rciuiii de simlire a sp.crarorDlui. rszulti in.lrlpul ccl tu'.vidc'r oJ.dcpan.dc.lver.rtzdratocxaspcrarc i 0rsurro.deeaianirc.ptrriciplealilcliurerlnchipDft dcpftr ulccusinc o nbrnc a lo', o do'nolne. o imnllcIe. N0 Pnn'cjdii pcnh

Liniso sufl ctrltri suu dar cnoliiic @gice oi comiccr ru priinift sticarc r unei amonii llmttu an voic de anns ii in., i nairmvoi3 d. piiFt, ci pdcjui fcricit de onon. a uncr pdnni

lissri.-cuolormuulecaDrmNurFilcjnls oLl({.st d'r..src dcvllriuitorc llc utrui pn$s dc tnnlt iidn'ntr pe crLer

nctiuni sp€ nisuri si cchilibruSttnsr leerrd in crre n-! slirsri.Jilliseriniimpimrua

Dlxronici 5ircplic!luiAInlolcl a itrvulLent. c'cd, ndi binc dc.alorn[c rlri nEtodl, scnsrl ri In]ntlc Lno ernluiaclid'n\eh

8crc a licnl si curgi arau (cncxli ln Dilcmn dnpuri dc.lle'Itcrnif @rdslilc:chi!.7.rnnicnumi seprrrlic!)titibntrlr!lricircr !c(crlrii(tr si ia nircrihier rcztrltrcld cit IiP{ 0rtrrprnddc ecar.cceFrrdcccimri ouilL,denalud sof.idiscuiicLobarilbiedivisi,priraccr$r,ooricohi.recni Lips dc

o 6.!ncmr lriinii.lcecuLauin jm mui tci n l,r ji el si pcnh

el noptr!@duccddlr coloundcr

Ntin convinC:i.oarc rilm:ciri. nrrihitaf dupi lxrtcrr s prgiltsr gl.sabnlor.

rrrca niniclr I rlratlNB(noM.rm,n!rinitri c, on acc!.';rtei alnli'. rpldl dc Rrul

INIRODI]CIRE I A POE'CA

Teodorsu ,_n i.z *i dcsPre A 'arore/

.J rcorrllt , ene,Ct. nD I

dccal mrnitcnrlri extftmc rlc urei rcndinic dc nontrm,iiic oil

n$lnic,accd.rreconsisrrlnptrncrcrpesemrgittrdito .rdn'

rrecut r idellor si sciri'Nnte!or celor mri sdin. de vFm.! tlinrroju!rrilsin.arerc si_!u.o,nPns.p€Fle.Accnuitcidinteii &rodm sntrllir ciudlr & r fi los $licitrli sii rccDorst m ]n

kjoo0oL<-llintcrv dccilivraditicuc!a1dcNIinijndrcptll'rr l&rui rtir d. deprirc firrc cle .ir pot ti ideea cocca|']l r

purcii libekrom I afti si lEc.ra dc La .unoa{crea fttiotrdl la

cunordeFi ,.€rjr' (trni. i0.rezii lui LuigiR($o{ ccalalti,a

rhatelLiBrcn$nd6r). Flri r ona sabiradint ,d Ft dl dni le1dc ! vedcr'purificmr'n-r li decat

,,prcrrccrea in cnotiunc cncrki,pin tr.srigunr$ r4htici, r

Oftii dc anevoic ar fi dc spus pen! u c va li mcd !n

ralirdc gind0l lli Annorcl,unlucnporE llc.nsi&dsigur:cifr.toda iolosil! dc cercdltoi'i cn[i (mai bine;s,lipsr de ncrodi

care i clrx.teizdzl dcopotiri) cra pudn indl$ril st le 'sjgure

ruztrlreicle doite.i" stui.h dc inform.tii cucrc ic lufr,m,in

aFvoinu de r tulelegc oiele rcxrc DrcsuPnse I NcuDde adcvir$l

citrc crc rrruin. o pfl dcnti .lcmeDtrri r n Ircbdi si I op.6c r

r tibui unui gendiior din Racul rl lvica idei '\i

inrcnlii atar dc

tuMa'nend $lrim n! numfl sicnului lu PmLic. itr m,sun in

cm nc c cunoscur, dd tutrcgn sndici ricc Aceeaii clsmcnur[

r3

IJ M. PJPPIDI

sE rn x prir.jL'rsimiorp sisc F.e dc nrruri \i n'lesFxsci recril.dcJickr,indomrniulspcci cincolcnomcnul,.puiricirii .

rcL,xsacuDsc desFiDde dir Pa-qi

odd. iidgnh'irl,itr, futrcriura caurflnadinchLl]''l.cl.'ri sn.plurrti rsl)'rljrs'rennnhl dc ad,arr'i dc cordiin[cu tlltii.il..r1ii rlc

-!ctrLuh'i !'t. TrDriul cteDciul af .l.sdL sc lrsl lcstr. shiclui tiviDUi'crdc tr dc,litrln"_n sD1retFnnDi mdon'olire,o dirrdi"c.rirnid.ricrt i nc tnlrcIilt.5tc s:i 1)i sufurcr'.I Afisltd

tavictiliutrtic. si3..dtrtrunuDrininlruDiti.,!nrildr1,ttrfttis icatrtrp'@csdcl tr'l)czircr*trrtnctrrclorNcrlerFdc1p:L.n la o rciirnc ii.n':i (Jolosi

! ia, ! iv ,a01r; 'ov. . r .dmere a scMn'srelff lr Ll€aph nnurii c.tr'Fibill.u e.l'ilibfll i"bnoa, dii .l".nL Lo,l].rtarr.dcii mil]nti" I'Lr n' \strDril.pntrt. rdcvli!rriorEft rlc dr rclbiln!( r *cirnn.ilf lof c L rn|

i ru $tr(imcdc c !,colir.& tLo/ot..bnnr" rrdcsucc&tr na Ns. itLnmri.ii pd sr"ji

INIRODU(FPE L\ POETICA

scrrin,.trtele tagicer ftica.mll! 5i acel coq)lex 4'\.i4po or'

..omcnit no6diitunrnuminrFbs cuvinbluFr.Sintlnnt

,.hnDc piielehscle.nila,ln(lioDreniisrit.ptnhAr'{orer,.otrdiiiilc nec*m dc itklpirii l.xcruncafi divll o!rr.j€da

rrcaE.in riolinianll.se rdu.c nilr. noia fundm.nirlli a

t![rt0aa si 8re\uLEzultddin - ftritcarc. - depr

sesc dc rlhj'nd domcnlult$:ins il trsedici FldaMi(vctr'

rs0llrpaginilor din rorn., mde sc pomencnc dc. rtodDor.

mu zic!11i6. du pi indicriii kotrse drn .hir r.ibl Pd,.er se Dodcvoibi dcordoopo,< repo$lui fcma'ibm ctr or hgicili/r'

dr.iLntcryeraulLLiRoshgnicluidau.rsrdmmLsp&.dsodt]a0oLq r coiiediei'8 Frdindoialii,.u €va mai nulu inddT

ncal!dinpane-iGxu,poalc.dcevanli mul(nouditrprnc n0.

pentu cl nu purcm i! cun !a ti ros trrrarii problema in 'xpirolclo

pic trrcdc P.'r.er,tuisrorcl rii pulotidti'rdccldcLcbineti-

cli.realc.,purilicini lrorice erllnlinuiricrildict Chiu

s$ rona f*eDenrri ii .m am Pcl rislundc. tiuir itor objcclrlor cclor Dai lnvc ale rctul d.

acuzar€ thloDir. cr urmd, identict in aF€nti dsifi.ma loF

nclor poczei, ddcum scinril'rc5te la.ci doi filo4liuv. c roral

diferioneMuinsdn licda ci.dinca€dccmi',ipdticip&eanoAdrlroa.DDncncivl..,rnira_tl mnsoad odcum srdul d. tprob$iliEt d ftocird gen l'rc_

Er: I irr 0 ,< Pnr oicc)enli, poozia dBnali dr fiCureai pe urt DL

teatli ir icrfthLr ld. PcDm Antoiei. in schinb, r izric

absulutlrprEsuluidcimire€ 61! 6ld rL[rio.!q I'tocmal

.15

-L)

p.itu .r dercmiill ce, bai inreis! Drnicipdc, tagedia c s.nulca{ intDp.rzi ana lirc ril id scopul ei cel naj ,_tralirLi

IN IRODUCERE LA POEITC}1

ir fara aceiui h€l$g si r alcici coi$mte, Dn h.onic rindi l$ Aristorcl coboad Frh nnaianN.larsp. rtuimul psihologiri sinL i{orici .Jn gc&ol!_oibind.

cnim in capiblul Iv rl Pretuej. doliut cauzclc cc prfidd n,Jrcl1trne,, rlr4rdlui r@,Blrq: ti 7a simp[ cnunh( rrcdft , cmcrcrisrici..ilr.id cxrrindcoscbnl. coNiiuie din padca slmDotLiva doctinelor p.ntu car hdul poericeraum4er utrej()nnirdii pdolqi.c \!u 3ulci itrbflentii suprrpaminrene. Drrdirudinerluiscdcspriodcrora{irdclinFcJesidli pr.ciTililc@urmazi. trndc se dart cl1- dir cele donl can^ prira c,,'lml

cTdi:lrupa 'n!ard

n (! mi{p!^,tui$, ?hildl .Lleiul

-- Ne gisim r{lc1 in tita unci ad.vtnte reoii despre orjELnqapdicilhoori. nrftliiarr,cune cuhPtrrn:.drr maipurinlimpcdcfotruldrlr),hainrcac!rcirD es.sillborioarerrlndn a {rr,* . .^ . o*r" , ' r " L.* . t , : , . "e, ' . r '

-* i * - i i

ascr cancJtrhc o.Rlrivft rcsr€iboni.actrriiateapoetjjieo alivirare llrur2rir. cxptLcabili plin tibffa inlL.rift . unoraptirudini gcncnl-oncncsdl a adivitate {o,.an4 tn nlsua incarc pcntu r se nnniredr n aE nevoic dc inreu cr nici rduirrtor sxrcn, si inci si mai ptrrin dc!uDcircvclaliirln sririit..erilikruozqal4 penm .-{ e flcutriti !lc sufldului. liri a exclude raculririlc ntioMlc.

A.clsild{ uflnl tasibra nenir si nc rctini lddr mintc.Ffti r nini, ink'addlr. f,suprr loniilii une' concepti alimrtc

D M PIPPIDI

-.1,f/' itrc,.ma de Hbilftrrc sle ctu.i tniL pnnciprlc lc.n inli

t\at in pasiiile pE.edent sonponl o conseci"g asupfl ciE a sccrde si Tibovin, inainle de a t€c la c.rc.rftcr alror mpectc llcd, in r 'e i .e3tdcarc! lircErurii 3aoitrdclcrtri.ift flielDicir leBiuiti. si caEcd!nlomcn.rparcbanal.dr.LriidLLlrltddirioiddcrjDdc.a

.,nomrlitarer' e$erienti poeii.e

q. ,J. . r ' !J . Dl r { " rLJtr . 'o. .n.el i l ,g 'e. :d.

poeTieis a redus la proclamrer .andc hi ci strpanatu rl

avcr $ dnenll o $olicirc.uh'itl.riiitr giMirr anonlniluiIo,..Zctrlraru hintilcpdrilr-sDlrntrFsrjrlacdsnidialog

.. . - r . .1J r ' . " r" un. . - ' . | . l f , " i . !h i . i n i . r .

dumneTrietti. penh ca. asculLinac.sria stun cuvitrtele uedrie d. lu(e anint, - e', ale ctuan .utr .

' : i r : l . r ' . . r1/1 ' l in"ut i &elrek'oFle): ldn

. \"m!. . , . ( t r .F4. d. ! l ind. ! . v. ! . r3 ' - . r r_ ' i i r l . i

I t p. . i r f , puir .prR i :ntr l : f { J.n

,,

D.M. PIPPIDI

,ci pcrd inriia oad lir hroria idcitor lidft. n! i liFn dc inrcressr animesc c! aurortrl rftrci n r ajurs tavcdcdlc rbirexpnsedc.!. rpic sftsnul vietu, cand acdodcncle nisiics prj cru aJipierde tn frtui luj p$ignt dc uc ii ap&uscrl: invilunc in ep.caI rimclor scricn. M1"ca. bu$oari (ghicma viibrutui prjn unds rliul din niltollctc h caE cer v{hi rcouiceau io chip obNtrulr), seotid dc cr ca manitasErc ! mci porei suprrrircii in.! invEmcr caDd scrir En.a Eud.rnia'J(ccr 350 i.c.n ), isi teapidr cutimpul caracre pnvibgiei cr 5i hai iniinb, onnnu! si1- i aparistiin, de raliu Di ddr, cun ohscfll un cerccrltor tocnr al acesrui3sp€ct d gatrdnn shBif,tului, dcllnc dc a coNriitri lDNfl ea unridu de grdis. areEfl-i ndionrl o srueu{ tn tuliunea inlcriodt,qunctululi! Drriprr! s eroh &cr mArosnutu Dnn ldsrurifiz!194d d,{dk (; mn; s;;;sbrr *;.-o priurs" rtui|ovri€, d,c.{, $i c0n paE veosifril. di$lria cirun{snrirr.[ aoluttri liorci in orgenisn, dezvondi i.r o sijunc d lloblsnrcJoioglindede m[.oi iD pMc idoile lul!. Oamcdi nai citm nrcapirolul XXX. I al acesci lcricn sunr de cete mli nulrc ori,.'nelancolici .Alrfclsptrs,inecoDomiao4anirnutuitorprcun-plnc$c ficrca ncalrr. ltectele asesei. asnpra nonlu,ui sc porGenni cu ,le vinului: u vind. imprge h padni, la drasoste, hrcbunie Candfieraneag.ledcfclulcitocc.om ern osiprt-displs h lcsinfti cend e liclbinre, exubersnr $ imaSinariv; cindc dc.-'cmncf irtr'r puri!irr .umprdr li inkepnnabr

I isG'dnlp(Lc,duDaacdrro rrr . tununon\ euu1{uorompsnsat; t r ;nskru, f i " 's"" . . . - , . ' . ' , ; f f it un be,$g 'le licr ficdinte Omrnii s$Icl conlolrri sunl nricolqie si pItiMlc. rrrrinal. stl.-dl;. U;ud4a cu se $ inilEcire,5 ri rprcpie dc ncbumc. dar {e 5i ftzuhrrul feicir dc adc^nr i. 3i ltrctrl4i de crc.ric ancvois arirse de tui mai catmeti mri .unlpinilc. loetul Mamkor dir Siia.uz.,ni sqsNre. n0conpnnu niciodarlmai bidc dccar aruncr crdql iesea diD minr.

INTRODTJCERE LA POETICA

rurI r Drsjudeca asnp'a parcmirilii Ptublenelor irdeob{ei i ptublcncixxx.l inpaticular(in crre indiciincindoioasel,Lsi s:i sctoNno6clidei 5i rLdnl decitai$oblicea),ccMtrl siob\crvln ci. in mistrh in car6 argatcaz! rispundcrca rntonlu'l,ernu.rcoii! ia inl:limii dar:i o cxplicario oriodalil uor dis-pozirii sulc(ni in .ec gtrdroi mi

xnifei?n uEi ptrteri s$rmaruialc. Sirgulrnzarer lui lali deditir pEdecenri ilns.iri nu !c rcduca insi la a.cain simpli sul."nrunc dc pc(pcsrivi. UMe min!q!3! !{r!1ij r94l!1ti 1!ulA{slEl annci int adcvturuni l xruprx Pmcc\nlui comPlcx al.turtici lirctue c ca0d.lD crpito!'n xvI d Po.d&i,.l ui dc .ipdtditonal rrdnmahrului cxhric. rNnlio.euipenhinriiro'tritrtr !ip dc din d crn,pccar.ildillngccueptcolde,,rn'oniositrzcnr"f G,j.l,rrj<) s rn cm hbtric si vodcnr Ic crcui$r lusidsauccrb l{r .,Mxi rrbuie ifflii obsc\_rcl.nLrccrpihndcrcrrerr€dinl,ecerindalopDscululuiunde mtzaudcinvi

timift. capmblsa sid$ivatrscr*iopeEclurttrd3"tilnsuii.innlisu$rdribiluh,l. ditudinile p€ronrjektr.lnt dcvrr,ddulde r miscr in c.l nri iidl g$d ru Idispoziiia ftcrcli a r.ahnlor lor, sc llsi $ilpitriri dc priiDaliccilreia: lngu cel turbud izbtrrcsrc si tulburc cu !Jcvll*. rsi !cauii, si singu .d r$lios $ I nenlparc lr locul lui nli riind in itulivizii rnnoDios i.Trstur d(iiincxaliltlr rn,d.Iccid,ntiistrntlicuti sisc aptchoi.Srcisiruaiii. cali vrnc ccililti str icJiridir lir"rl

Dacl. h ace$e rerduri. cxislcnh nnci catcgorii Lle pocli ,clrornaftieraLtdicill nnidc!h.leeldeciialefllLtrni'nu irrc.uricu ycdcicr,lfntu indoitol moriv cii c unhprdcobscrr'!ie si cr o hdiric nnxis..trl.r:1vli?urc n' ri Dr foctii priD

\

t3

D M. PIPPID1excclcmi,sDpdonraGaredDccuriidcAnsbElcrcarorit.rluci?i{in bot{riI .pozilie o prclcdmcte nditGraie attld{it dc ptaF.sdu PiDdat lnbnci o sennllic{ic asutrs .i*ia nu poare inciF€aindoial:i. La rel N fnzr din q)irottrl IV, dup, cm cauele l,@zicir ri 'rBandooi cruT! ,art..judecar! abia rprodusii (tumuh$parcid'tr itrdnplrssi dealrtuinrsr' detccrtros rrn.'n.t1s)crprinliractiuneaSragiriintuit porivrmeiexplicrriiaacrjviGriipoe.ie ficuc s i i dnli poDos trt uiei dbirsrr morbi& in acr unead€ re$ilitdc a pcziei condamnare dc Pldon pe fl pic,nj indun&d crron invj'uirca dc natunatliale nn era Ea lnai purin8nvi, proclaDaRs dc cift Anslorel i cancrerului dmal at ex_penerlci p.cticc trm[€a si conrerc cic.rjitor ei ceva din prenreiur sp€cnlaliilor minfii, ata cun (nu cr! exascre djn pdrc j)@eat rcndinll ava si I inipr're5sr vadih..j6n{dc..un rdd.

In faF rc$ei dirudini. o ahmalie cn r.eea a ab{cluilEmond, pordvn ritoin Anloiel n.d n scri .rn sjnsr raM d.mde sdepoarirage.on.hziacr.pldsindprrdoradirionalecn pdviE Ia i'spimia pehlri, ar ti idcnrific4.uDoajdea tdjcis cutroisuea nl,onali"D. ftbuie rcspiNi cu hodra*. E qE! deintetes. inFa&vtu, ln e tcl aniod p@rtci r ti pntui nrki iddunci ,.Gh.ici, dc tettrt s.clcix p. caE o sndiem, dr.il i-d ircelurpineliniimrdndomentutinspn4icipenisiruliir ujerement incortolabil, pc car€ accepran. caacre4bj n{ional alcxpcnentel porie I r ri inr.dus in tib€flt joc:l nljoMtunrutui

ln rerlilarc, nc glsim aci intniea uncia din rcctc cotrtadicriidc carc s indnea s raginhhi nu- i . tr rotul tedde lnte exigc trlclo

.4'rrd drro Jd4r icr'@t. N.* v,a 16i

urtri rirdn i'relecrualisr ti proDriilc salc.bseflatidcnsiholos

' inokl se descurci ancvoic. ii hotiliEa d carc ploclaDl sup'

'ntrihrca pocril.r lNizi nD n. frcc si uiriim decat pB Juditete

cxi$ctrhcennpe.a€ in pdajullrca.e nc elenm iinomclc

Tnnspdsii i'r rlli brmeni , o contrdicli c a{nrnitoarc ae

dczv uis in ploblcnr minni ,fti, mi bnc sptrs ' lclului uninr

dc amin gorcnl 5i dB drlitenrliDpdri.Dlsr ImponanFdeo

scbirirlcmmenulLi,,punn.I'ii $diculircevrnai.m[trunliripc cN i'm N.s&d!o ru tcbuic, int'rdevir, si nc n$eLe as$n

htrului.i,in d.hii lDiAnsorcl,nn r;0otoL< c scopul ultnal

nNziei. ci pliteFa (ii6oY,i){.in nmeroa\c pl&jc alc Pcrc.i, lilozorul vorbcnc dc des

IlitrcrrruLrindlicdin!.trn ie cdirili de {il. nc din annDiiGsi

rurii sru invontiui poclce A€a$d dsdih u nnii! iaii ca nn tL(ri\.<),cilrc caE poerrlindcsi ln

l)e sincre. )tui Drult dc.tr a! . xccalii i6oni i.l tl oric{rci

'nrnilu$iiriadisti.c tuerccxsipor brregcn$leliieIm,ci

pani.uladli(i h incazulsPc.irlrltalcdiei,supeionurcacidsul rr ccbnrxe varicrili dc t].ezt (itrreneidr, cun.n dd

pnlejL ro arlr, pc .otrsiJctalLi pnpni glndion'h' nonru) e

dovcdlrll lnci pno rsuDcrtul plll.crij cu tortrl spc!ialc F ctu. o

INTRODUCERE IA POEIICA

D M PIPPIDI

pocuiilrr. FoiDuirr de o imiratje.drc c opem dr.marni orinnlimrcxsedimBnrekrdcnitrsi tiicttl

c'ne nnpi.ge itrlr n deprtr. aceast! orutizisictrurl s,pnrtrek dup;tern'cht P!Jr..r. n4un p kkir aru{rc ,jrnleL ,n l r re 'cr t r . i a dJr i op! \ LtulrhtukLj ! , ,n kgr l r . t racc6r, inrrebarc, rli mnxc itsptrnsud nu roclM coD.odanre.

r Fun prn Fsaj. buMoail, ss rorbcnc dc €a ca dc sarjsh.ercr mu daridni\cur olemomcL fi dt irmutui!' Dupiarrut,nar Dxplicit..ipdicniadisricin tr ri dccir sarrsttucfta und i,!nincr miDcrio: pcnro crur', cm sipunc in valoars unr di!Doftjnle erc

'Bi adtu. tnridicinab 3lc ini ononeni. ca si Enrru

iubiroruldcrni,kricndctrarcaitrxirrc i oimiruric,ni nutronmripd i /bur iu Dmul imrrru! ' -inunrdi i , rhc.L!oprtJno. r t rs len. pe!n drrrn jL i , ] lun er rcnmFrr

' le tor i , .a5r I ' nd.pf t .erer L{eh. i ,mn](J ,

in\enrnr Jozr de.!'r turer! niet

rJ'€ or !J rnr $ ie LlJm.cJ nd Lte vJ ilrd rmi!io ri runor !!obiecrdinior,jDetuccascii bu.Dr:teieprivescop|nshuiE..-desru\ct.tudntutr-n conhnu{earlinduritucirarc ..DenhcaN pnhjut s! invele lrivind si st,rt dca seajni dc liscc rum. 6uniodo!curaren'f4i*azipccute.athinrcri,dcscnfimrDsr

tie iiur dinade,plierca rcsinrit nu sc va mri debn jnidieima'

'nux srtr mai purin izburirc, ci dc\fii6nii cxccutiei, ori cotori_

rului. oi cine iric ciin alie piioin i..q ln s tiiBii, nu p.arc r i necur

INIRODUCERE LA POEITCA

ctr vedcrm l:rDNlcl.lnh o s.nc de alleprs{c. d€lri, conceplcrDiri (n0odinutarecriv. incuul spc.irl dl tagediei.inira!,ncliind numai iniriliaunor acliuni.cunsuridelinid.!5 ci si ann.r sld sdlctctri, - in misura tu .ee fericnm $i tefeticira scvildscprinLpD!', pllccrca l). cm o ftsimtim 6isrtnd la topF6nrrca ei tru $ dato.r@ ntrma unui rationmcni. d sinpatic' cucN imp:iis-rnr sufci'l.l3 Bro0lui tagic"'.

Faddeeroriastunilldeaceicsufentrle, pilcj,pcD!tr

noi. de jal.. dlr tl de intcs, nulluDrne, dupi lim obseflatic a lu'P[ron,'r rari de pliidcre! prcinuirl dc dczlinbirea snrimetrElordc nilil si lica, in cd sutrtem indcni,li sd rccunor(d lclut siroiul t.gedicii'! lati dc nezntibilr poinirc carc ne idcnritclporrudu .lctiutr,icnzbucitrnulDrtnasdnsrurul,pcntuancils! q oi usuftti ti r'nlpicari, reEmcttuL decnrgind dir oicnrntele

,pxrcriorte rlcdranrci - vm, muzi.il, motrhft sczn$ |[ niimpodmtli. Mutua \i nctul \nDr.lnii indoirll. Dntmi.c rilroacc dc desllildc. dtu nn rondilii ind'spcnsrbilc rle erotcr podtr

niE. C ir prve{c olcfrei rul spetacul$ ( montara eu punerea rnicctrl),..Di.ar ci !rlgl!r, obsc lArnbbl,-.Jicel mri

Duli ,ni{ic ii cel nri stl11n dc nd0$ po.tci rw

Pc bllruil cc impinscm mri dcpane c irr Poeddt. lptreastrel lrmuir cl ltrtr dife.nclc cxplicrrii ale d.tritirii pErircnq{rivifx nu pode li ilgiduiti. c! s! r_ntelcscm ins[ ln ce chiplucrul va n fosi posibil, e dc aiurs s! ne gandm ld cond\ijtc

D.M PIPPIDI

spocirrcitrcarAisbbtisiclabdasisrcmut: ta€x.tiunqpccrrecu Jtunr, $ vo'ntir -opc lDi urnrer ro rc7€sci imporivr

condirnnrrir Dt{onicc r poeziei coisidemridiMcc$puncrdc!cdu., crplic4ia ,tr.lcci!?li r pllrcnl enc[ce v:derie pru)cu-paGa dc r piira pozici o ctr mar nar dozll dc clemcnr noriG.rlLur, diri vrcn. explicaria arorivi - daurqind dircc! dii in.lra

coi$iruia jca sl 7io rF.o concluzie impuri.rJ&ll,rotu$,listnd lao pdr dncrepant! sircrindnd d.xr

'nnL.: . i i !h i lu lAn+ tel , e ! l !n! i ( ot i .crd.n.r f t iokbrn i . ! rJrrnr ie{ct4\-

ra\i rrn.dspnnsuldrrcbui srlieaccsr: peftmptaron.plic.rcxaircl obrind! e o dcsfihE vittntrotr;;;iidn;ni6tkn'::p.ntuAi dj;ur!;idphacsu[inc.j]iinnsft..oasejt;iieopricere nutdf cjdnicnccu ninric 4hilibd suncluh,i: dcpancdcI f . 'L l {mnrb i ,Ptd\ \ ( : , r idrchmar*tr 16! ! r 4F'o0,(

inconsnlurdiiledetiddci. al ctor ro{. tnn si inlesErscl in releScrcr d riruJini ld Arisrorel in indoia1)n)6tcni.

LNTRODL]CERE LA R]EIIC'{

nduri' pcriciSirloculupccdcmertisll_Locupcinvi.l.ohrrii,-rn rvur prilelut slpohonsrc in mii nuL€ nnduri p$ccsur

s onnu d caE pcnb sindn ni ,micr se confunda cu rdDl ctrl'cLlircn0 p. ce. dupr Hdon, a!!nl Pm,.lt rvea s trudc,sci

rirrdL< ii ctnir (cu utr echival.fi ficut sli cxpnne nn'nr o prtu

din stom ds intclcs a cuvarNlui gtc) i_anr zis 'nnn4t sau

,,tope7rmarc "

E f,onentul si arlir sDm ctr dli mulc aminDtroce r.buie sI inrcieectu pnn rcc( rerincn fundrdcntal pcnrfl

Inhaga sEiicl vechc - ti ca raldt .rbuic s:i atibuim ln cadnsnbmulLi xri{otclic dc ghdtc hci.orrn ca PocT'a desprc rci€i rlrin! escnli .i sc spnnB.i ar riinntaticrli ti caE nu i

loetc dccar ltr misun in crE e miralierrraPobvnleluLui nontunc r judecd,.

cuvaniul o $ge€rzi c accca I uDehodel dcrcmi'd Mri pnlirr cxadr.rer,cinr.lcrul p!ose rm

vrzui ci I acord:] t rmnu Lui llaron, cinix c'slnlc dci ii {ireau.doDalidi.oDie irrt,rilii nrotrjurilole,lrrlndul cj coPPrmpcd;ri

".'ai F.litrh i'".o$ibile altlcl dedit Do calca lilo

n,nc,,lB.cums I rihlnEtrb, ndooida prccsuLui nimcric Arniotel lnxinre dc r rvctri lnsi

asupLaintelcsuluiidlalicini [email protected] nucnodcrtuatulos si semndcz nnclc .onluTii oricilnd ponbnc din prdea

cidoruld Eprcvcnitel taratului,si.nrpradicl ctr liiitn.i dcssivArJno cu cit prqiltn€x tui liLologici e mri nicl

o Nlcl de conluzie e actc! crrc frce din pro.esul mitucdo

o expEsi. x subi(riritlti adn(rlui. xfnDrea rnci pefon"l ih

h tirl[nbci ccls 'nai.nsfilcsi

hai singulrrc PcnN mnsi-

dcntii a sc vor vddca la vtuhc. pcsdpuNQ c iot cc p.aE n mri

sdi, de gindulluiArislotcl. ochii cinti! crnsiul dw{r ei

Dorzii o consituit do misul in cae enl dist!Lli iii sisc*c (n'a1

ainczis. 'F.sigtsclt)

kr in orurL Dcnn de rrMr in aLitcr rLre

I

D M. ?IIPIDIprivi'rlc. obscrvier. in &.{ni ordine dc nLci, - Honu maitcriu'c liiudar si p€rtrtr ci - hri bins de.ar oi.c rh p.cr sdc cmrrubuic si I rf rocul r'n economia op.rcj. pocrrl c daio, stvorbc cl cat mai purin in numcrc pmpnu. pcnh cli .u asra tacDd'nelN inirib AliiNrori DU &cdecrr sis scoartidtu peo la iveali! dc imitar, rtr rDilr d..ai ldin si rr. Honer, i' ichimbjdupi o

'nkodsccrc dc oitela !.Ibc. pe dar! purc in sca.i un

bilrhd. o rcmcic ori vreun all pcxonrJ LLr6Dc o Mrurl ditcnu, dar nu mri pui,r errvi, c si gqed. de a

conlu aioitatirculitunac.ivirrlonlntruici,dca,idibui.ctrarb cuvnre, dm'l plismudl unci lrmi dc v(,lld lcgituri cu rutiErea tlriti sru cu cea hrric dcna[i. acriil conluzic c si mai f€cvenridccft certeccdcnri,pcdc opan6.pcoru crpo.esul hi.nc[. co,nDoi.tctcdiv ohbul mt,horxEr drehft atntui.ltrdc

€lcv, penincrDcdcrnjilol.numirorannMrli alcl,o.r.?txlmpinssiimrrgeF'nuhi cririci\ifiliricsksinh'ltriidci\triloedesiscmuls;ucndic.imporivrutrci,\umcnca inrc+'erli s. iidi.i, inar.re dc rodc, inlotc$tcog.niv dc c& rm vtur .i tumcnur nu poab I dcjpinn. inr rd.vtr. punh arisb.el. imnadr c.un,,r.rc, d accn$ rcieselihpc&nn ni-diirinnunFiipit lur"rinsp-d,,"t

"i"cr'.Mdc sc \pune c[ dcsf rea olerrr dc co cmprrfta uEi dtunuinupnnsut capirolului Ix, dupi

rermen! ch'ir cnnorircrcr p@rici r ti,.mri filozolici si n2Lrleasl_de.atdnoajrcrc(isbnci. A\xfi i'rd,-sao6servarcu dEprc(vanr, dac!pocziaccun.aiiee,eanu pode li ocrcrlic iMcpcndcnrr de raliralc. Drct e.DnorsnbodoMrl hs Farltili {irincdeer,pcnruci porivillsluluicrcni. dc gardi€. ori.c Inni dc cunor\rcft c in tmcrie de norDp!cmortfl e.rit\i ciireiatnLlcsl isecdnlomcTerLrs.

INTRODUCERE L POFIIC^

lmirrri, nupolt I drlibcr:ldcsri.al'Drczic,,qrcrmnuclinsiillinre,urcipcr{r'dn i Crsi imliztniqclNnl,ftbtric sI rc n$ucc,n cu gindullrcoDceprulhndamcnral al lilo

^ficiad{orelicc,crc c d.vd,td, trn pr.ces droluiiv a tot ce

cxislli.ocotrlinull,s@trsiurcn sofi i'nlci Narminftaer,dupigiNlnorul mnru. trtr'i alrcNllccir o caclgic crc'iom,inzcstaricu un soi dc r4luic i'sritrolivt. DLitr r circi dum sridcntclcntividurLe tun!oilltr/irc cdrrc un lcl propnu Trlul rccdr,mi

trh sxu Dri Duh rsc!trr.dupldilcri'dc nivcls' rlc crcalinni,dcvinc linunr r. nl1surll.. m ndidln p. {$ Intci Inruntulfie.rrui se.rorsl exlsenlci,dcdrl pdc, micmrc Dcinrclpti:fiec. locru llzuis5E cllrrs o lbnll r lui propric ii nu'mi tu nisunii c@ izbutelE sldiigleca tum4 c]r icrpdnlcscma,- se po.re spuDe ci1 i{inDliDns$lir)'

Actimeanaruti plabndrrcmuiticurccarunuicDalor,care. cu rlbdrie si prLsrEnil. h.

rc in pdc s d. rproapc,4ncinltegl xle dome. iulni s' nc pot ap

lcnonrclori6l!rc ccononiia

l:Il lrtroturtr.Lft laft f,u D!d! Li J$r. :li e.tra.'v

l rti rild*rr-r! p!!{! !t!t!tj!l rlimbE\i,n_srtiistc unricsh si oa mndirc tltrri.ati c vor6,i-c! dl,

.:r,n,.,r.tk; 'rra ir!i\irinitubutr qin(lp"pnn r icDnoarte jrt tlilg!!Jro1 sisisotrcinijlor.cl prtdiccrlc xlcrcaliza. Aritudii'er n'enrall a mcibn'lui implici r$lcl d a'lxpte

I

D.M. PIPPIDI

i * '1. .1**- - .

, , -Mpnrnirde.nr+ro ( . \ i r { r ! \ !n

ditir Drc.labili r oricir.i [email protected] Dn rcspccrul naiu e sidntrdincardisbrd,allcuft itoonctpcad$orcr carour4ul slumaL nodcst 3l oidi ntrm n poalr si de cm socialncnrc c aliir derlsrpDrrr,anNtul nrzuierie sldu.i tui dcpans pornnea spE

'mab'nc ln cns de intiFDnc in rumea imonlurri.dcr,4: ci in

cazul ec.ltriri opcrr rui isi pnpuDe *il nla&i nodrlclc olcnb dcNdrir, dar nu si le nietreJ nnpokiri. nici si sc dcprncrc de ete.

ajur8emrsrcl {inclimmninrclcsutdeti'ii.ipturarcdc lt r ; r^ ' t .n/ . j , . . " h". ,n"/idivi'rr.trr! r('letrdrltr'* cCrs!!1{1b rr :c;i-( idcrdc\&3ir" inx,mio. J€rrr i r . rdeninj?! . i i ! ! , rn i

c triTuicic pc crc nahracxuri s o Ealtf,ze. da tc circ nu inrordcruna izhuiede s-oajunei O r{itl d. lomi G16o.) sc ascunde in ti.cc tc'omcniTolrt Darorb *ri (xi c s o dcso)rre. sl1,l der . cxprc\ic sedindrisii si.pnncrcrrialui.srcoferc individralului.ul.srcuni.vc^rri,vEmdDicurui cer.ninprc srul lncndt.rrcpj.riroir

Idcizursp..iaralpeziei.tx.dcncputemrdnnint rrccriri teanri dc gru{.itit. obic!!!r!Du{i3!!i.in in capjblut I rlPdn..,.runt...r.rrrc_DnLn! r,,Drc umcncn,r,, .eer!cr\LF; putre . .u ! , . i r ' r " . ,u " " , r

r ; F f : , ,0. ' p . r

Arstor.Llaropq: "!!{rlllj r!!t!ta

| 'r trr rde! tr!!(llug

n ,4etesull4-s!-qt]:l 1,!9!!e'd d,itrs Jnn! oile gc!rce r rudne.Ie.gnnd.su

rtr* i ic , r rL\r ' , -a i .hafr j ' : , -*yY4

*,i-*r:*l::,+ffi;til. . l i l -1f l ' o. , r u i l r , - ' Drond.tr i ' lL l ro"/ 'Ad\bkr rD.rDrurul lx I ;r i s ouiiic;&ii'rftr_mirft

@Hii#Hffi l".iiil: "i';:::: ll;ffi ,lllx(Jc-arpune cimva in sihuli oarl o!nn{ipurini\bno.vc$ilicrdoribr),cip.nd.Iunul i iri$uirrDt.u! , ! i intr nn rb Frrdn . fBpR!e\ ipd! t f in | l 'si

-.,,t,-*. m,i-t,u*,d m'rux untr!r. ru !r,

i "-"

i'b,).-. d5n6t@."nl;^r*-

bilnltiLc pcmancnlc rlc riii ome.el[ vnuali.llle surcrc$ dcunei trtunititi ercmplrc.In btic. c!5i in riu,€roii si es eletragcdiei.rc.aiisupremlsxprcsicnpllcni cllm decft ati6,kc_bNsiscidicclamnivcl.prceDrativpcnhinrtualromfl,trti hins, cn si in rliu,,$mdnabri cu 1icurc drnft noi, Nbuic sli ncdepisciscipin xrnonia tiJiituilorti !.in ialunnoralil,,Devrnc ce trgcdii e initarca unor oancii mai rleit ca no',obscrvi,4i$orcl lnb nn rnnr"!,- tebtric unatipilJr burildpdtieli,!ii. carc. silindtr-sc s, dea modelch id4iFrer DdticulMi

LNIRODI.]CERI LA POEITCA

I

D M. IIPP]DI

neciflir. tctr du\i, t t Dorse, mi.ai ci alomtMror€ L.rol r poctul.nevoir sri,nncoanom mariosi ori usnraiici.lri curic nic cc d cusn0i in tuea lor,tcbtric \r l nrfitiscTc cum$rnl, si roruri fd alci.. ..L1,

Luncr Doeziciic situerzl elrctpc un ah pkd dc adevi.dccat rccl I exp3ricmcr Fiprunbei0r(icipii b o.cstiblc frajcamcbrnlicJdcciitrdilareatnconjuriloar tr Llc si lic ca roro{ntcd, c9lljll3icqL$!aD r 4bri pat. sr he onn'c'ij: na\: t@priL. ideeJp.!{cotuprc. id , lc( | , i6o. r s l \a ip.care disrtrL l-. imrvl^r 11ct1tuir incsaci \!-i dcrhnrr.,,Detlsc rdu.cdi$trruiinyinunercitr rtititisllidct cevojr siinti!se7e.-{iscnsincrl)nolulLXv, aEdrcpr sirlspurd!cit.inlftisar,p.dc,c"n hrun ritc...-irr si. d r.dlo,,oanenicun' sunr ccipicra! dszcuxk,sc podc sinu cxidel.u arill maibinc , ins, , cii. s mai rixn i i. |rnrd ci

'nodelul rchuie dcpitsitr rl

sedcspiiidc dio nce$e rindtrri o pdiculfirarc. credeiP!! S subi t rk le iJ rJul 'n i 'arr f th r t rc 'm' .u\e dxJ\uDrrL,rrrjlnu, N,/

- m opl mi,.h p

"p-,:ii;^;,.,,,, ,;*

riimnaft hmoaslsicit,psrrua-incriranumcre,rcbuicsrindcprDe.scr o seaml dc cotrdilir ccr dinrti s cea mai imp.nan€dinclc accca cuc Le rztrmli I le inplili pe kxrc _ cr .nLr,r icr t r , i ' ier ! n! J !ne, l r r ( t rL.onotcrc ainRsr. . t r\",tere r r,,;r-,ru " ,';i;.',;"-' ,'r*r r".;t.,rr[. ,,darsit ir. '-J t _/'

INTRODUCERE LA POEI,ICA

li ,cc^ri ordnE de idei, s a scis Ji sa GpeEt de to! celi

sunlimenEle si cdaclrclc nu coNlr,ic clcnrnb :lc pcziei decittu m:1suir ni care dccurgsrtr $*Drinrprn' hpb..Jngedirscrie cl in capnolDl vI (1, crrd $ne .,rngedrcl, rmbuc sI,DLlLr!m Docrn i..lculxtr)

"" ' ,1, , 1fr , . ; , , , , " r"" . , " , r . r ! rur 'n r ,prr . leL!r re.&eLvj4unifiind Mlizma unei laprc,irs.ccI.xDcnii suntint{nttl satralrul duplcrfttrclclor,d.rfcri.iti sau neLnciri dDpll jsprivile

c. sitvirs$. ,n[atia n o 1:'. r. si jnt0chipc^ caLJ.lcft. c'nnbiacil cutaie sau cuta$ ca*crur cr sil slvirsorscii o irPtiFaptcle si suhicd!1sc dovcde\c rrotul c nli in*m4 $ r.rrc "r:1.

.,Se \imt nolcazll it lcglrurl cRonagni - cil . rstfel de ati(ud,nc (rid pri.im .lrcil Arnbd scrrarliindiL'cnr turli dc oiice forn,..idiruii dc opoknc. si.r a{ir hli indirerenr rari de hricrptup lzisl) ii e iDftrsn Du nunai de .onditii d! f!p. sau decar&teol rdsviral rl rnei eie!s{i. pritr cxcclcnti mitici ratrniropocrici. ci,si

'lc ur tremnccpr lcotutic 15 Obse4r(ir vr

xplfl jNi oncni ti.c scanil cl. dupl un impodmt pasaj alR..d.it. pui itr luminidc rcelrriinyirrl,pn)tozilnDile itr crrese exprnni o {nrt alcdivll (rtrglninlc, rncphe san doinlii) ti.arc. pcDhr !.cst noriv, i!s, gi\cs. o ld8i iiEbui4m in v.$'mfnN,xsli siinpoczjc, ntr ar,lcnttr Arnbtel.conriDurlog'c.ci sc

I

5l

rcduclasinplDI)l xloabcvcrbalc Itronhn{clc,popoTitiutriLc. mbe srD d! jcnprvc (dc cl nuDnc . i trunl iarilc) suni rngD rclc

r.Le xs.urzind sub nrvcli{ulcuvrrcl(tr tro so intrlimd*rd ri

Nc glisim rcilrobrtia con.cprici p.rrvnctrci,,,p!!rul cr.,'.]]]l:j:i:-*f_--r:rjl:!:,r]! "N.i;incm exrhlclencnrtr-iobieciiv: r.rc.1fc{ r iltun pin nrijlorcchca€ isrmp$p.ii.sull.iulldiiu ui.ddpiiraluldea ghdiar srae;iNhi,indcptinere ohncri'nic to.cpriyi mri cudrdocuar

. "

i \ r lnr . . r - ,p- , .e i" . .J.""r .oee"d-. ,

i:-si-l'-::l: 9i -Ee'nn JtrD; , d. ' r '

m-. ' " i jlociriin aliorcuvitrr :)l gs[n,porrvir legilor Jnii,pccm drrur

Concrn/rcrrtcihptrn.,inaq{ecoididi,ccirmionk{| ,1r . . . , , - , r . r . . "1 +j : !sr l /s

I \ n i . : , : ! r . ! . r r , 1,5 'o7

" n loeT( rn

hrcrii N.esirarc.r arede rtungutpaginitorpm/,c.i.rderc.nlmnre alc lcsr urii diDrrc Ltirirnctc pird atc .F.ei hcrarchbuieint.lcscctroverosnniirrrioncc.sirarcAtho/ogio, .n.ror \ i ' . . r - ' :u. . . l i r 4Jr,rapd{tr unor munirc pcsonajc d lcgilr pcirnxncnrc tdc soilerutui

a.^ " . , . "" . " . , " . , , , , .

. . , , . r ' . ! . \ rL! \mnut ! t r lL!lcdrin ; L; *-irri iin'triln

-..u,;;^-i;;r.g,ci nu sig:isesL rtcnr co mai rieuroasil.pticrc dc. nrcon ru mrur nn. rilii a ptulaeoni$ilor dnnci B lirbaii \nn fenc i,

IN IRODUCERE LA,"OEIICA

rincJi sa! bltini. pDrcniici ripln,itrhlui sar simpli t'uriron.lcejti exponcnri ai trnci oinenin supusc incer.[aLor sunr unurisrJi hrnnrc nclcncirc! lnt nD ch,p in ndc a l!.e dir tucrc unoD reprzcrrdiv.dnf utr 7-hnciumindividual ptergukrcrlnudc$1rob-sbsc E.o{di1i3 i np.nsabilllpcntuc!tnDrtac'ft.e hliircrc ctr sufcrinla lor si si fucii &ud sp€ snleiclc ndArc

fi e lelul citrc clE tcbnlc si Iindi pmttrl, oi dc cite tri cu pildcl[Drnurarcd lc3cnJl ne indermni si cueegin la b'ndc.a$nu r resnic sar 1a cuatul .u cre tebuie intimtar.l €sti{ca

sc nd int.o vrcnc caDd evoluria &aftei gr*eiii poalc 1'so.otidinrhcidisi lv:lnddespE producrialeeunLorv\i]v ocunoatrc ocst:l$n Dai comPleii d(Ar Inoa$d. A dclcr.iisioaria dc a si Ja icd{ hinc de .ee" *

-d.ituh e!!4,ll,f,9!!91

d€ a'uncl -<i di'rordcama: ojcbrh4& rlul+rr-r !n!ql(!pr

'i !!:rq{ur{i!c Lrc!9@-!r:&:j.,1'ar'! ,r. *l!*""! rmrJrv\dv i i - rcn\ f inLnc!. innNlr l r rd nrr t r r L!c$ru'darrn, elcnutar. insotirli dc obsura.i ! dc prclizin xsupadttdrelorFnrjvitcsideTlinruhslenotrsr*crato lur,itcrrc,cu'lophic,coniinuisli\cvadlocortiburic dL clpjrxll itrsonnirate l! consatuirea unci c$cti.i a trgicului.

Dni rccre pEciziri.unsle P.ilcsc pcnoau prolgontrturu

GuDeriorcommului muiionlorDrincrlidri dorale. pri" btrna i$aflndcrnli si dn coidltia lui stujdir':{). altle, dcslisurmaacliunii, ia lcgdttrli !tr .r€ so di slatul .r inrenpfiiLe t, sc snccedil..impotivaancedni.dardecnrgindDn.lDd,lrelc,motivat cu considcmrir .ii. .din Irprels i,finpllbt&, sineue scercr nrs par minunat citc nc l!s! iDpftsia cI s d I' pedul cu

AsrrcldcncomrnJiin un €sc.dmolircsc,rnpElotrrtrunoipulliccu alil mailcsnc de cuedDi e nd pr{ieio$i sicu.dt ideea pe caic si o i..e

'lespreinligledcpisiti dcdczn.'liDint.simpla siluiF aseDtihiliutii

I

52

, l '

c de aconsnd ohrecrul fro..trplrrilor lui Arior.l,ni.ir..liica ri nitx sirnne prtr

'niltctiscen'!c"isepr.puliiinvidiabileh ochiiunupeid.'nddcarcantrmc,'.i ..*.rlria unci soz&ii", pnNmari p. cjtui spcdrcclulLr,edccdrri.,ltuireglludctr krsedia"'rr.

Adcvlrdrctc $nonenre tagnt ftbr" l,,n--iTi;ro-il r m;r,a-nrri-*6d. mr ir c \.,Jclup* n ro*q ri\'i,triur-rilii-e ph $htuh ir.r nd n rihgrmJJp,K rmkcrc.si.s.rinin(ft momliircvcnimcnlclfstedconcerisurcrrl ectiv E ccca ce conltrl adn'nt dtu nr {ri.c cxlcrBnl dc oFrii

euhi rt$ecdea nd {rii dcrgrri desprc r.iror narud ruron p,cr.er ia r{Lprti_sisinc

cvcninrcnrclcaurdecu4c meleditrrlrclc.prtscrpntr tr.rronli(tu subrrr[ cdicrcrul orSoric !top.Id dknrlice. atc ciiniptuli se cd rla tit imbinarc Jnliir. pnn nufurea din lo. I unsra oripm \npnhda ci i integDl ({ rii ftzulrc schmbd.n (u.bu.rPs

udirarca6lrel rc.s, ii dici pode n inuri drepr...eetrlt.3 tagcdieiDe F{ sc I'anilciii in strbiccr,i.chipDiic' uD !i(ktr

INTRODLCERE LA PO61"]:I

cal.nitudrtrl.i ir a.riuE3 erouisor.a mui rtrnramcd. Pc trlxlerzl cu coctda ftd dc orc nu porrc li cotrccpulii niri o opcriideanirpcphnloeic,.uur silogis,npanLcularpoczisirrj,mdogc,trcr,., doi,c. si ticni \i exprrbsolLruL &cl l,.J,lrr {tr r.cl ?nhe rcceDratnnimpllnlcsipcacroriiurci rcrittr,i inrgnini

Rcgr[lrc cebuisie iibigae recsrcroclc pefonrjelor,.,r\r1el crspusclcsar llptclc ficcllflhsi fi o d.rcrn,inrc dc rcnrnnllitatslurreTc dupll rlra dnpi cnbntrl vcD\imiluLd \au iltu.csr-fl'lu, ;i Lr rlnLlul ru'...drtrllLlr:li1.l:g!!r9 sr:!-!,l9!!!rlroLl!!uI! Krrc

N hrbu,o. si sirrtii locnicirnclcmc'rnrtidrl rrr

.diBL di.h pocric si isronc Ji suporioritnea recuno{ul dcA*r.tl pocrtrlLl asupra complxiorului dc ctunici.ln opcn .cl!iditrrmi,.,urftrrcrcrruc!trtrcirtrgnreaciiun,.ci aune'sineurecpNi,mricxrctrtdtrmrcvc mcnrcldIqrcctrEiiiltrtrttrl umicpo.i n' legilrud cu unul sau Drn,tirnpli!trrtinp()nulincrc!delsiuNl lalldeceLelrlb rl!

Cn rlrc .uvi'tc. cita vreme pR/ir nlzuic{c si infirisca in.|gxd.a unir(c p. .rc lo-o lrigtrri rufurcoa lr lcecr vcf.sinnluhisaurrclesanlui Jnllntuni dc lapt nsuros dcrcnrinrrc,

\

isioririi dpdc iilo6tnlui ca domcnnrl prin sxcelend rl con1n!serrului. 3l idehpltuilor lipiiede o nehijkrciri si svidcnte lcsi-

Prc.cupr@ de l4icr r ctuei nNmnilr c c rlir de mffi inpagin'lc Poe.tfi tru c singura a cirei lndinnc sunrem indrpriids o rftpriim dc h ope dc .iii cum rn avut prilcjtrl so rlev.aurM d. cosmla nlionari, cea ce Dubl'.ut c indcmm( si dcscopc,r n, drunre un ralc nn'at, care s ajftc si-si linpczcami,mprcsncrrsrlede slccracolul rasic Ascn.nca ritc nusc dcrviru,c i! povcrc Hhunrploclrmab.r i'rc!ii,nai!uritrinr undeznodnnhi chibzuir si impdi .isptil ti podLpsc porivn unciconccplii o'nenes.i de d.plalc. Pirn. s de sci I imcn ru I complcxitiui rddtri, Arnrotel e aptrllrtrtrl suhiectelor ni crto - din vmmfiincmi,lc genlul elcn I concEriT:t sito3li,lc cclc mal plopnisli cut ntrf suflereLe,al cclfin.rEnlniic tru vhcsii a(oNL*

'm$um cnoFi eu orodu carrsrorei. Penh Dt. \cmni-

r,cuh rriscdici scdesprirde dinpanicipaEa ta snliitrtclu !nuicnr pnn iamtru scniimerretor dc mili si ftici. l r ul tuJllcurc ri ncpind:i dc crrihica omului a .irri durF o nnpiniinn.raliTari ou o dscutimc rc D a ro$ n{[ ega]arii.

.,sru(u cclci mai bure rrae.dii rcbtrind si ne. co'nplcxi,-diiruicJrc!:pilorulxnr, ti ealns5si imirdiaunornrttunpliri n' mrcsi i:incaKi In.a ti mil!...ccvidcnr,inpn'nulrand,.i nu rcbuic si infiriscb ormeni de npravi hcind de la osbf dc tcn.ir la un. dc ncrsrcns. cilci .s ccvr o are d3rul si!im${l tri..,ii.inirr.ci EDukir AJijdci.nici pcnemcrnicirc..rd dc rr. $rrc ft Delei.nc l! trna dc lBrider din l.Ic.a7unlc.D purinrl, accnr c celm3i podvnic cmoricirrgLcc.

INIRODUCERE LA A)FIICA

nic, ti€ cel de one,ie, Dici miia. nici rflcrDc alri panc, nu tcbuic si inliliJczc nici pc vreun pncibs

cnomcnc o rscincnca jDrii8r

ntrlruhcse,edept,se'Denrdored?r':esriinli iinrccdasimisurl ri de mill si de iiict. Iot adevir. una o renmtim lentu el.rzur in ncnotucir itr! vinl1. .callld pDntu ccl h lcl cu noi... asacro int6mprrs dc lcrul rirar nu va n mciinduios oac, niciiiJricosito!€. Ceea c. rlhare e o flr inrre lcesta anendour.ci.eva ce nici rtr se deoseb€ie de ceilarri pin v,ntrte ori deprare,nicinuajunecJiNn tucirc din rilulale sau josnicic. oi din pncinaunci srcsli! pc dcasupra on cu vazi ii bunlim, prcctrn O.dip9i TiesE,ori rlti blrbqi leslit din nemuicrele ld"r4l

:c rvcli atar dc imp.nani, sinph purgcE { siludilor aoalizrtcde Adslorcl hsr si sc imdmsr cr, tu gindur l]rozortrrtri. oDe,i,(ri $Li\dy0ponov) nu lo& li d.spsrlir{ de o nDanlt nonli.

a citorva r6nturi din capirolul

ca s in cclc cu rctiunc sinplil, p@rii pot obtinc cf.dul dorn p3cderninunriii specrarofllnt: st de spint ptel"ic! deopott!enoriei tasi.c li onc,ic;. A.cd{il cdodiric c rc izari de ciG onun lcsonaj viclcan { plir de rinrdc cpicilii,ori!trul viteaz.d{nclcliun,dbinif n4r.C@ccrcdspnDdcdinh utcxtsidnrcclllatecIS n'tp!nov expim[ nutuftra spec]au rlhperdiriljn sufleid privnorului unui specbcol tagic de Ealizrer uuiec hili bo intrc lq lll fi r&plrt* ,.son rim.n ru l dtolriltil . cun spu-

rb€ss,ani,.,r'morc per ra normlir!dcivaloriundi .Id@anu'isrllinildcoDr.ri,nodnri,incrc, alttui de inGresul 6inevoiror pentu senenul in sufcinli,

D.M PIPPTDI

D.M. PIPPIDI INTRODUCERE LA 'DEIICA

cuchdicnerl., wlsbili@rcd elor mai de semi prcpb rlo Pd?!jn! p.atc fi pNi nici astizi la ?ndoiat{i1?.

h co Fivenc plinu pn,pozilje. srrpla minrire a conceptjciporivit crEia fenoncnctc au u .16oq ri lor cftre cr€ niznicsc siin atirgcrcr cintr sc rallT.M!, cnn d sftmia dupl cdc -locoaii! zilelclni tagcd,ai efi g{snlomaidealtr*.sunrdeajuN p.nh r nc tacc si inrelegem cr. vorbird de opcftlc sceneiaricc cn intcrcsul pe cxre i l..m vlzd, tilo?oful avca in minrc opicsi Epreaniriiv! penh inrrcEul sen drmatic, o piesll pe carciu in.crr *o dca ca pild, ii tn rapon cu crc ili lirmulrjudecidrcrr" Din r.e$ puncr & vedeE. poeri.4 D.arc Ii socorirr ca uncomprcx de Egutl in {dto a Eodtrcc cfccrcle rtribuirc i!.bipobLsnu tl'gcd'ci, abstde djn maliza nnci drrm rtl, ta dcsi-v4nea c{€ir,,f'.cne dirt.J'se presuluncd d fi conribun bia(At cir ralenbl tircscla. Opur ld AJiiorcl k r.r{liJeazi

^rtelcajNilicda nrion?} a hgediitoi elitu elc mai iTnrtiie, ii nu.i&sigur o lxbin.ec a spiritolui in cm a fon conepud, daci incepind cu verlr ar Xvl,lcr, oliacrdu i pucpthric ave! 3i fi.acccnruat pani h c*dEcrrrire cunosdte

AIE e chestiuna dc a sri in ce mnsud rcgulile Ped.c; [email protected] nele

'le le3i atc ru

rrurui ori are p*zici indeobta. Rlspusul 1a acersri inrobric

{4 ! r tuh o h'e rni Mrid r

iini.,in csalii misrt.rspwrul pcntu. nounl mo ll !pli.crbLlincrmuluioDene\ci Egrr'z.

RceDlilc disrorclicc llc donci xu { tiso.orirc,hilDrc dsdicc.crrll-ljilcunci DiDli sculnc rsnpn prcducliei sceDicegMcniin cpoq $plcnei eiinnoriri Din!c.npuncl dc vcdcN.conribulir sirgnloL Lr isrodr rerttrlui a.ric e neprcruitr siaminunblc olcnt dc Pcdl., asDpn onginild tilutici tupczidlsnlgunl izvor de oareca€ nni' e€-JrcitrurhiftsirgutuldcNn

von$cinrctudor4.Diicol.d!i'tcrcn isloric (carc c rc.etr. frst ns dcspdrlisi),c(acc,

dc-j luqul ve&uitor, . lsigr.t idsil opusculului rdsto.elic o fri'

vcchccr'ndcrc{r'i durorilurcd Slrgkilului c!dlrlrordclcgi lnc

dc d conpunc in eenmile ta8ic Si epicrri Ex€ele la ctrre srajuns, in rcdir dincric. ri prcaadi sirul 6rpa lo. D{i1 anitrrcs{ortrii lsjino'sa rcguli a ccl.ret nnititi si disfltir de ea prilejtri(i, on spe.ulatiilc Rcnaftdi injufll ctuului trgic idealL!'. o hc petrtru r hveden, p€ de o pft.

Aistorel.lJc de !1l!.0!.l5ri a nnpll 4i cntuTjs'nul lui L.singpcnh o.pcd br arii dc infairibiri,in ochii lui,ca Elene,.e/d

rtturideconceptalieiruiade\tEDatuia p.erci si-ifiFsccalnd trItoni onsinilitiitii 3i ai subFdirnitii liri linire s{ judeenrvechi a . doc tint in erc locul c/c,iidt e tinnl dc iait iie, itrjocul ratrtz,cl c sri4lcir dc otrclii! ca vtrdii,,7d slu ,ecrs,ulPetuu cinc, torusi, pocTi{ tru I ode li despl itideiorlil:tap.ca€ornccd.dccidc unco\iNtdeadevli prnhcire.pcrtda fao s i vibtozc codiJc $fl do$i protnn&, dincolo de indivizi,poezir ftbdid si s adsczc oouJut,invlrhu Pocri.ei,p.tilit.lfir obimr rl inirarici au a li considerare ,.lucnti lutind sr scrn6mplc,cxprni,lchrzaunorexp€ricnicSi idei grea{i,ori_rrrui crcnri.U r dci diDrolde2lmji!

INIFODUCERE LA POFIICA

idcnr,6i cad4l ti miuluiene s! ric.csja. N{dcjda

dd r li d4, totuli, in paginile Comcntuiutui. datrsiiite indislcn!'rnr. uDcl spomics cnin a kxrtrlui, mi mansiiic dc a6tea omi{trtr1ir llcunc Asa cnn' con$tiinra hd.jchctrunc pcntru ! ei!icxprcic crcdiicioasi uoor gandui I ci.!' otrcvoinrr d€ inte.|'dN nu nai d a n devrlSrsr, imi d, cunjul si asbprjudec{iciliruului cu scnini[b.dac!nu N incredercr5r

D.M. PIPPIDI

Puiinclc p.Bini p€ carc ccononid ltrcriiili nni itrsiduie si lcinchin l,oarn€/tt sunr depdc dc a cpuiz! asp€crele iniercs.nftrle Ptrriu, si lncl i nai purin r.rivirdca qjlcn r autonlui ciPenh a da imgiDea exrcu a aponului lui Atstorel in aci dode.niu. - cea ditrtei contibutic sisromltkI la puizda con.epturu'cndcii literm ii uDr din cclc n{i Plironziiore a1c tutuioi !'lnpuilor, - sctem sr li cNcnn ccrcehri sub tortc aspedeler duPIp.ner gencnli, ogliidind atitud,nea sandito lui fat! de pdncipllelopsblcncalcanci.Ia(ersp{iali,-pfceptinic!. lncaF epop€ea ir ndi dcs dmmr suni arrlizarc si discuEE, Jn tislturile pemdcnrc si ln prrticnlritirile 1or accidenEle, cu omigalil ti o linelc dc naruri si cinsteasci nn numxi idancimer nlc

\ - 'fL

POETICA

' i l

Mi-e fi sAd s[ vorb6c depre poczio in sire !i d4pFlolurilo eti desps pul€ra dc iffeuiE a fie.nrob din ele; dEsprc

dtpul cum tcbuie lddnjt! malqia pcnb u prrshuirca sr nelomodi; din c3te ii c fcl de p4ric tlcltuilr. eijdcri d€spE l@

CG sc legl de o aenono!@r(fu.-ltrccpAid, cm€ n€sc s

.a

llu$k

Epopeca 5i pcu G hsj(,. ca e 6!g!14 5i+!d1.11!!i4i.-

- ruls.$ dor nmu t melodj'; slu d{gFibrrn nlmoi ihurItd nolodis c{ci si accrtia. mj!4!!i!u,!iB!eiq !!!!!(ni,!!i6

cqslesa4:}:lsE:

jloiul de lDcflri (cn tuic$ue tnt{ar, ori Nmi din depnndd)

ituDi cm muh 'n'dcu

gh\'i rorrr0ti i\r dLe poml'c MG

sffi #:HlF$*,"':"lP*#"'*iffiffil-66* *i n aur*

"dal' t''iGra,(me clnrul cu nai'n

15

20

\

",,,,i:','l',i,ii'L.i"r,;il;ii:ra,,,"H###.,i;ii:0Jir{r / . rc(n i ,R r tu a.rtry( ,!, rn!. tu4 in,htutap, ,r. NN ;;i,;nsd.,,

.i:ll; iff; I *,ii,;il1l. 1:ill': 1,,:t. t,:j,llJillti

ARISTOTEI,

.+i+q\lrul!ef ilc p. Jtj, .^,,"., da; ;--;;;;. r - , !d, . rdtrr i n. , , -"- , r , _, , , ,_r ,

^ t ; i ;:lr";#ffi*;tl+#ti I t;*;;;;::lJ,;

POETICA I 1447 b l-lll 1443 i :ll

o'lrr !i,hic),pcnonaj.re inohip e vor li ori mai btrN ca noi un

;rl 'tlc.

ori h lel cu noi, cuDi Iac si picbni: $ itie Liom cr

l r ' l ) ln i \ I |au! pc ulmcn' mJ \h ' t* ' ,Prr 'onnrrrmdr 'F-Lre pn0unr ic

' r re 'mtlL1r i;ihdilc

'mindre va pinfu rce$c d6sehtri si vr I' alta dupl

L l t r l uh(dulu ' D€ ( f lMird . !m imsr ' ' l " r r t r incstrul

. ' rk", , rn*;ut iu. , ' ;J" ' 'I i . Lr ' cc 'd i rorF

I l,;!r, b0nlord.inchipuic pc orDeni mdi bum. Clcolbn rsi cun

Mtrr,HcPnon Thasiannl,nnscociiorul parcdrilor. li Nicohres,

rturul t!t/t dei. mli rii. A,ijdcri si in ce privc$o ditrambii ti

ionii. .nFvrpurindrealtxnnnrf.r'nfel'ljhiArgas,'rialluiIitrrtrhcos.oriallui Fibxcnor, in Ctalorri lr' Pi'r rean! se s,".," r., .,,,pi,,,,, i;i;i ; :;;,;;::; i;l;;[:,l.,l i

un,. rohun nr j L le fJf l ' j

i r ! r lL . , ' " " , , , . , , , , . r ,

r . , , " , 1

;llli';: :i I liift :ilHi j"+, i].;ji j",,.ti,il:lJl.i;;.,l:::'1:;il::::1i:11.' j;1,,j I ;t :l l:;lt:,,ji:;:Tt.l I :l

'ii"tl,:*irl*t'",i ;ill,,t *:*,"Ti jli jt:;:,li,'"11;i,r.r:.^iI jlit"T,i's* jltrJl

lrL.frk L, ar,,* "a!jJ-$-d:-Ji+l1'.91

-:sr- ] l f . . . . . - -1. ._ r_ir a

. accsk! rrnr.crcd ru. deoseftild di.rc dc. r-.

nrrorcero ctr !m siival$c i,njLalr

I Ic

l r \ rcmr ( \c hi . ,nd. im! i nrnune.

lccrcnp&:\crd,pirr.dcosf brndtr senrhelolrcDritr

^4! c $d.I,r lrnsJ r$ru, o {!+199:qti^ duElrlllr

!um$,rrx$ne'mi! lk h. . ; r !L

mirrohl;GGii;;iiG, ' ' in'b' ! s,c a canLi ( rtelJ povs

rctc-.ubLnDtrSneJJltxB.umf@Humn onp^tMdtr' fto'aflr indN,du liub n* ehLn

'!J - ! cntr nlll isczi pc € rmiJi

d.*.btr,.-di'. +",h' t'ii-l1lt!l!!-gcllS!)!,!S-!!rsir!.!, eitr prin{ mliunc ri mi!c& clry+p+*:i*Tej!q.,1

.i,i:+ttr,+H#fr#'J:i+riaf" -',,",'"'6';nmlihf lnc.ir. iLrr opnvmc, r r!i " r " iu. . - . - p. i - . r . . "nLi . mtrnc?rc* ' rlnralr ! .dclc1ul l r iAniol ,cadvrcmesiutrulsccl i la l i imir il rn ic,nn'{ i to ! i$unc Ashrf ipn( 'nr spdn uorLrtntrr

L,r*nlirca!r\r,ses NmGc.rlgrj: pdlgs-sir4l&!s!'d

r'fi.-iGrdi6d.*''.".

FOETICA l1l 1143 i l2 Tv l14e r l l

i , rum, r ,ndnh, l \ Hr. !J, iI j.

",u": , "

,r... ror Dr fu r,!1. r trn , ,r,f,en, lrr lr f lonn,r) .L,r i \ r j . f rot ^ea

r ! . rerJ. , I rnrc cao i Dftr i le nr dd n ptuJjm. ( fh,{ , , r .

^ , . ! " , -d \* ." . , r

, f ! ! i .dtr i tu, . r & nqsruf t lcdeL.\ . r

iqrL &ir . ( t rnrqr, ! , ldr d! l , , , , v, . " d, . . r , , . ,,& e \ rm6pdL r f . t rneru4!r , !crm4! cr{ ] id! \D!. , ._t , * t * ._. , .

ARISTOTEL

IV, ii gek,,r,qh,i,r ,r!d{d

'uuE,.Jl r r"u uu! ri;al

"--'t4fiW#*d;:;**"*

Drdl imit4iei i;i;ilpnD trmdc ir nrcr necanir. si ra lcl sitLtr'tr1 rrtunrs r !L nLnulL?b! \(\ Jldrhiic.:t i:\un e s!n'{'nFlq-i 0lr!nirl!ri}r6!nloi.e,r'nturi!!purrtr\rdtrfcruu\ Lcc!r.dcslviriindu iipurin c e plrin nnp,ovizariilc,ar dlr

'nr" r..;;-trk n n;i,- imni 'fimnnprtii :p

( .1- l i i " ls ' , r . [ -n t l ._ T,o ' ' ' D . ' SL $!tr{uiJdm uprl llrtrlu' \Lhm Ll! dujJf, :.nrrnn.eil:lii.in$r, J ' , lc l )erre" 'p(rrdtr 3.ed l'inro d. H.mer, nu * poncncsrciirrd mulli. Dc l! Hoiner incoacc insl nu llpsesc. cum r liMdg,res sl rcctuir si rlrclc lr rcl. in care isi hcc iPdili" si

'no!91_dlcvrr, pani x$lzi nunnt ,n'bl, dtrd d+ntrde'er de a si duoc.

n'l rtuirinr.pilrti 6del coDpnsclla!0iGry). l" relul acesk,di n ceivechi,unii.jutrgeaurul

A ch rx dovedir noet ftr in eerul Fios (in cac sinsr

, r r ! rmoqrmJ mtrenusi i i rnne\ qt !L l idr ! d inr \e

:j trffi #Fi. :,:Tlff ft tffi +fr l_":;d( m:r rdni ' iL i \ un, ! u Lted\ In"^ Er" t , . " ; i , . , d. d_,"

111"11,''t" t* :*tr" r't^" **, t'n;i"i,,r ";"-,.

! tri lr!mo$e,.i rde!litr

in, i ' . ' , id,r r . . t , l . ,n:) Lr'iro J,rJ ,aq:]]lvireaLr fDq !!, r

'rd i rnme df2nni(

M/trgrd e ceea di rrs.diile r4r dc l'dr i do oJhco t4,19 r

ltulinxli sprc una sau oalalta di' accic forne trle p@z'ci ru

tr l r ' \ , . 'e unr ud h. .n l . , l \e i ab." l -rrrn 1. .eoopgjl4!\J:a*

'"d"-"+9!paii *iizi r;;!ii'i,iii

"-A;bi;nn on & pe de r ntcltr crdc

/ rclo-ipopni, ncj e!l!itr\i,,e,neprinprismtFpreadtJil'orItrrcrku.-r.e6d i u ltliotcb{c.

l ic . ' I ' ic .p ' | . r lu 'D : , { ! - . i . . tu-- la lcr '

"rnf .*"rmn. .

Jnnlribi. alir.elord. cilnace licenrioasc.din cclc €, panll"d -p 'o

l 'e. ' l ' l ba l i . iJ i

""ll1l:-llgS!!4!r-!,rapa! 1r".,-"!, ;;

..i.t 11,::1., " l,-. r... u,^r.

-;.,-" r,,rrl,.,_;1.LulJr Atrm ds Je € t rL,mt l .n i ! i

" , u, l

" . , , . ;

I

Rt\ t o lELqxlr-- l:lJllrr.j\ nr!4r Je. ur!{ , n".".,",;*;;r :l:u, : "'li:rr,;:;lj:11#jJ:rlj,l; ji:i ?"^:t tr

poETtcA iv t+4a, t4 v l l lq t ,2/ i

ii 'rrrc.c.ice didc.tr !$incnea spcd.cole o lllccau dri frtiPntrLli' n cfrtr Dnpi cc o.mcdr s i_r rlobl. dit oarccu h Jnlirisrrc r

onDric,auinccprt 1,\cPo'nencNci11pmtiiconioipnrpriu,!( inc r i'trodtrs lol.{itrrr mi{ll,r.orir p$lolulri. dnc a Lirntru'nint rctol Llor si rouc tclelal{. inihuDte, nu sc nic Dcprndeid du rcomouoc suhicctc comicc v e iNi dc h EPiha'm silannh inceDdNL !a ft.uidrsi.ilir'Dmacarciicnj iii?indi;;drlsjnd Lnvccnva imbi.li. r pitrs si tarczc rcDe cu carcbr

. scmril ti sl inchctc subicctc a l$r C re'

, " , " ' l ' . : f l l l l l l ' - o I h, 'd3.o. 'o Jer-

;- i i:r-W i*',i -i*,';['"t-*ll.i; :' ::',; ;:"-' ;: I *:i'i",;;,1 ;:: j:l:::l;

fg.;*:'r:mtT{ffiil;;.;,i;t; ;i:.;.,":,::tJl J#f il,t:i::11,,illt::lrl^j'r: ir.:,:.: rl"+i, fi lf iii"iirTuf;

t5

l',Rffi+ffi*:i,.:T, i,ffi"qi#,r,...,,+--.d,i:.j"tir...t;fij'ftj:+#J,' \t''+,++l].EF;|n"''r",!!riffiffii#j';p'"'.*",'**e.o"

- . ;;aa/";ir;-, ;.,;;ji ;i!

;'lj::;;;:"1:j.i1l't!'- ":9!.' .,,., " " i;ii;;;,;;l:;':" r"", p,, ...,;_t,". ari"";;..l;'''j!1il;ilil:,,",,r,,,.",,r, .",."r.,," -..;ffi :;;:;::1'#5i:,

DLntc pi4ils lor cdn$iturre, uncldoui.drclcpiotfiitu.diuirdera,siie$ieslspdnlidcrtro

**.,***"-,,**,ri..rs.,csp€colldLq

ARISTOTEL

trn{ffT'ffir*s*##H#ffi-;POET1CA Vl l44q b 2? 450 b !

3*:P'"",Sii#'q."ii':...:j:,,1;:,. :i#P..ffi#ff+ffi=*:iiffi1,.st@ollffi, q" o. "tnirdrrr

rdstLric rrr: diuned. ' t r i r o lb ' LL ei . t r r . t r r ' i

eJ,'lc c trnd multr dmLK Llmmrtrrg' recen!lunr[p\ihde

L-acr-"*doit.mr*p-tspunc,in8cn€r .desprcloancmulti rmd.ln riidulLe picrorilor. nu alra c snu4ia lui Zuxr rrti

dc Polvgndror: csldin uini liitrd un ex.ele pic!!decrsbft'i'.

"nn ru' z.ori* tip"ire a. i"torh modLe Cinc srr aptrci

at,Llr.e!u[ lLo ! [ordrt]!'qllcoelmJ ndt{errc ll '

c con.dded\n! r ! 'c {Lbnpodu

nhd, m. pc, \ntuk !J drhnru'cj!l!!!q.i Jc 'n \r!5rtmpr md.trn'd t' t:gcJf d;ngr.. ri !!cne pavnri olr

iizcstdli cu subiccr ti cu ihbinrF dc lrprc.

' Mai tcbu,. apoi ldIngd.! prl!!-ip-9l9l!!jl!Eqi!14

rElldfliinft E urrrkL\ ]us!r!"" d!g#99!aunrl. Jc rt.unoAtrrc-suntpirli r! nLqi\L!!!! uo'r'oa In

,..GiffiLp,, .affir"r- ulmk' s memai cuilnd silpin i pc ex prs ic oti

'nc n.ri in Alriv' rcr cxrsc

rcrl.n. dectt in imbinrm ndnP)idlor Grangicic aporpe gone'

ruh b \ & htr rbr r se p@re Lk spuie .J \!q4!l!Bi!!sl4!!l

:::ifi #;##i*iifr iHi*i+ii**"1:::ipunecincva laolalri. i rr izbuli sId*pnvibnlui dara desrlhc

I

25"",," r!rjr;;;;;.:: : i:;ilf ft ;Hi,?::,?:.:l l:::i j,:ry.,r:@d"",-;*.;*_fi =;;;;:t:::1@I#;-"d"";1",**,.mn"F*Fii.nr..-|h;; -

i-eEiih-.l;hfiE Mc cuprn fiind ini,4ia u.*l,,..",,_,, J,:;;;";; :l;H:.llLilli'-Iiljm)bi dupr oir.,(nr (irud\ah r,"r-,",.,.*a;;. ;;,,;.;.

,,,.,r-" "" r-,-, plqr s r! !u.Jr in n.:tjiletorkq:c poe sph. .r ,re tr4rc rome \p{,dr! rt( lcnnln

De (cne ptuu 0u nulo, p!er, ) rurtu.Jn i

;;-;"ffi ,;#;:,.,';.;;l'j,;!:n: ;:ilx; j:,":#i1::::lli'I :iT l"b"!"'-"-"'';'"h..".;:;;,;;::;

. ",qnr.n-ran*m.r_:, ;;_:n:;; ;.,. ^",]?iir"," * _*_ *u i._" ra *" r,ura,p".;.;;i,:;-,:,.;

ciir ccr nai smpru dsm nemron!)-qqE€gB:lgg3-vlr

";iiiiii6iEii -au .".1 rresidn spccialc. Poririce sru

tuttricc.(ccivcchiiun.rulFcroiilorsic0vitrt%cai! rdn nh

' , . , . , , ' . , " ' . " , . /< l i :5r ' in

{ tumh e"c"er

@rldcarcorlt'dinesrusc.puriLcp..e or de caE ori snudianui ri'npldc-cnul le urniir$ sru lc cvni. N au,pnnum!re.

c ljutrs dc trmuit rncoro sDindHl td sru c c. se left$c vorbnoflrl. Dimpobivt, intatrn!judccar! in spuslc prin crc sc d.vcde$re .i un tucn e.n$ ori nu

, , t h, .dt . . , ur Lo 4r i . r1!r : { , ,

$ ,1. .cn ' | | \u ' ru 'n a 'v j ' ! .brr iu. l r : : tu

d'.gl :ri-rr!j {!!! 4!4!.!

;'a#:*+Iun,n , ! . "n ' 1 ! ' / 'u(d.rrr : cnte r : l ! ' \ ' - _ ' '

nn.. iD.,c. r rJr id

d n;;f:-,m-n6--!.d.j' -

d'

- r i l i : - i i r t " ' , - ; ' r " .um rsruon. mdoerlen dr

' , r ' i r " . ' . " . . " - "r - i r \ { r ' ( r " l rctuemri ' e - r r ' ! i \ la ' ld epf l r l

, r ' . . , t . ' r "

ot . . . " t .DLe 1rD-lc lc f ! .ant '

cr, on crclcsned€cupnNcugandd Cat p.vc$e limitclc

r"\.c' in!trdfl . .ni,Po_rucd"

' r ' . n{ . ,p"Jbr 'or lmt i .e, fuo. I f i 'n! lo t rL1ine

clr s 'c or udr i l L:' IJL] io ' ' . ' 'ho. ' l ' " .U' ' .

,icc ri $ lica; vEDri o Li.riti du.lrsind din liE! lucnrilor

,l;:ffin. rrrpL. Lnpl .n lor '1u llc f lo: junc" l r n r ' ,

'f .

, ,d. . ' i . " . -J

r ' n 'd nercnl ' r ' - 'derc ' i i '

POETICA Vl l45U b q VlIl L45l i |l

VIII

,,*:i;ii:l:jH:ii,tkffi::' . iL 1l

' i r tu tu inr ,3,c v.

' ' r 'L ' a. 'ur D &c dgr i r aaP"

ARISTOTEL

exisrd.sau s poclmi o ide g.Nr,tiAl prtulca dinG elemcnrcrc cccrare c

. ! i ' nn nJi ! | ru-o. i f , bkS p, ' i ,gdr ' r \pf i

.uviri(1,r. a..:siin cscnb c , re \rr volb.L Llc rN!, nqf!-ivoroa dc pi.za.

uLid \(ruimN, 'rl4r4c

!e' mi4sH pAltrru cnnn'$tc cicnmdr sFdJrJl--rae*

"tr,,r;i*-*r ,".i

purmnrrrcnd mJ | 6ri n Jcft!1d6nfl

' r lu i ed

'aB(, I ' { n-r .n"Jc r , e.e ' ' - . .

' . . de- or . ' . /

Lr ' t r t r t r faJdindd,cclr J" . .e ' . . " , r . ,e, d. .o ,rarorolui e nai podvn dccit xl pocrului . --l

VIInupr cc a- ti-*ir *re a" i'e"l rci, sit cc(crim ce rel ke,

buio s{ nc idbiner frprel.r, dc rrcmc.c subi(lur . cet diniei ti

s_&iir, dimpotivr. c e4 e trmcdi obisnnit dup! drccv!. tie invdurca mci ne.csnili. fi€ I unei dcpdideri. i dupd car nu naitrmre/r n mn Mijrf,ceo( hr rdLltrprrevrr c.td rJ0Llu.L,unnJi rr J r.n E-r @ lubtr!at

rcl mri de odir \'l.mml+ brscLl'd A* cadt itr rlh h u!B!

'li: e d,i i'nj!n-l' rej jrdunleirplE!:si hh{('.n rlrddbfiiE

!Su!4!. ryqlLerla

\

?5

l5

, { bi;Ltrfp,n:itin Flir tri '.pdcdm\.rrfrj'rin.

doni,.!=-sN4r!!!rLrc jul!pissJ!!]{r,'v(6ml

ARISIOTE]-

rliptu.cdrrpocrii!l'ds rtraptrclrsllscne,crrudller,lrLn,,..arc. ?rddd,r.o alic pocne dc soiul !@{a, cu gindDl cr1drcrH.'aklcs rrodonul.o.p!ddsp'cclvrfi icanc{lrtrtun'tliHonu. in schinb.carox.clcylin a(at.r dre pflvinrc, ptc I h

vl7dbincli,cl,4urrttcde opracliciidldi.ideoscbitl.iedB

'r l(fd d!-t ton nrrjd$ r ! mNn; rLl ar ,n!!i--!alg!!Jit

i ! ! r i ,nJj ines oL prr tn ' ihcmulu' ronndc ' | i . { f ;n[

p.. ;nr"r .F---- ,h".b, ;* , '^ ,1"."*b, ' , ,1,"d*- . ,

r(rr ll( ^

vrlr !!!!L4:!I l1ll!!!

:::llll';'ll'l:'fi *idl*iiri-:.'"r'-d''':fl#:ir-:]i'l;;** '"1'ry*;

.'ri[[$,i]1ffi5"*,:iii

! i r - \ lN o ' i . i LLt 'n

nrJ r tu ( ' r unr( \ l i r resi i , r

r,,"i.-.i. "," kl .b, rc !: lr n murtrd nLe '

!i! i or r'insupnnrarici,lnksultotsItzulr.scbimb{ofl iulbDi.r C]]ci nuponr. fl (icotit prnc rnru' int.s rccx cc lic cic,icclnucn adtr( !r5inc 'Llco{hnL,

nihil;r*i,i1"j_*;:l";f *46q5*:llJ:*qffJ :X;:.,;;4" a"':i':""' " u u"'i

t*frifq$lffi:".".}:ff

tffiir'IX

sc cxDimt in ps/il \i altuL in vcdrii (de-rr punc cincvr nr {ihui

ulropcraluiHcrtrlor,ac!!tr srfi mrp ktm,vcrsiliFrio! br).cipentn ci onul ltrfiliscazi laPt lreveainrttplrt. iar

liirffi,finGr--m [email protected],-.ip;

POETICA IX 1452 c 1-lf la52 b l,r

XI

Pg!4h su 4!!g!:!1!s!!!!1c c o schiDbre r celorpcr{cure in co'hriur ror,prcums aarlrai,t eersr!, spuDcm

t. necesarului. ca in q!k!undc sl cc llDc si inlcscrcrscri pc rcse si s{-l scalt dc rcinalcgtrdiii .tr ma'di \r, danlr p. furr rdevr' ara i idgnlntrc. obrin.

i1.nr ' l . Dr, . . dr \Tj n- , . . ,L. , . un. l , ,hn J. . tu. . t r , Ieveninentelo se nrla'4li1 s! nodl ccl din nmi si :t scape cel I

Cu6 o xFti 0unclc. rcunostcu c o rRcere de 1a nesiinrl

ARISTOTEI,

r5

ffividovot de m$rtea lui Mtys, clzinAseherealucru.i,lnt adevi.,ru parascpctccclainrinplare.Fllls€r,asadar,ntisilca{lclcor"*tr".ud-r..^b"":j

r ouma.\irc f k-, inlie\n.l \

ro4rrgtunrcJlre. lf:ld !I!!ssq!q. r4!1s+

si u; ii ctr]3lri sl d{Ngi din fapblc perrecot inajnrc, fr in chipncccsd 1r vcrosimil. Cici c dcMrrc dc a fi totu0a dacii trn lucfl

Mli sud is! si !lf.l dc reunoaicd: ccva nr lelul rdtrr s mrb

no$rLr.i--iiirrninFi;IiiE -e.. or nu L.cd!_

zt lld it\bniri dc situarii si lid ccununni. dtrDi o dcslisudo' l(

uctiuni inniidif,inaEtu aci{escntimntc, br chirr si nere-

X

n(iRir!-!!!1a!l!!l!rl9E!::r!rlg!!t!r!Elclql! su.

D.itrur rlrmcmc/r \uh,edlltri

ri co€ourornere inr.pcMarciscporbi amdr c{ Nmainnr s, sunoasi pc.calalliGind c hinc lImuitcine e 4edlx din um{), di ci siruaria sI.cff[ ecunoqstee rn'erdutu . I!:qia, hniorrr, sc tacc cuoosc0ri )ui orcnc prin dnirctor $isoii! c. silr cunlascr insi s

..hn;lrrd Jak(lir'atu n d$em!; tre iclul5d,,ffiF-ffiffiri?

il"

reoU di, dtrr Jetuqild hqld!dc 'ljD

qmc{,!i@Lr n' !n' rr.rre de?nodimilr { qltcr

c

POETICA XII 1452 b l5-Xllt 1453 a 29

(q' &!!nc di't !9!g!!:!!l! . tr p! ti,1!.I!q9r !!! lrri

im[g,:;r*#:.qffiffi*#:il:iav!'lc mrc!{ztnddidf.n(i^ in ienorc(il! O6enem, inlrlsi

liffiWs i{ru*m*ir:if ::::y"Ti"l',:1ilil;jili*-;;;;;:il',::il:l

fi!tl4!!&-!riE i-dcti., Inr adevi., um o Rlimtim penh csl![rdrinnrnocnclirtvin\.(c!l!11;Fnlrual k rclrui.i (nil1

al lF l lc k lu l lnkLnu ! , r in. i i iduCodrc'henccoli{nhrAtramrid^r!.crv?.e cr"nBJmscbeicdee'lalt' Drin \inuk oddrDhre.nici ou a unrc in+-rH**;,,1-';,i,.*:rlir,l*ffi ;;"i;itr"., :",,*: jl"jilf :lj::## i"J':lt:; ioFni'!dinr{rhtr su j..nkic..i Llin pn.if . !nci grc5eli. p€

;#,1 "".J.',lil,"#':"*,,. rb.idpa.um.dba\i bhAba.prrnioi!Lp1irtrnc,on il!i

Fc{c( d$nrc Akntui.olLl'p Orcsb Mclcig,u Ticic,

l ldnJscuE. i ruDci eascl i nan., I

ffi*-"ryr

mu\uii.5re.e drepr.rnrmrn!LL umrn cL. c rrtmr ioe rn sec6i

U'@! au,illlriu

vur ncr[ f - rd, hnn dl iqur6nJJ( i deui t r ]mfI t r

3 l

ovtrdb.*a.e\dsi ihp r . ! b,srLln.Dinrtr i r i i ,auror ilifau br rclul de subi{Ei ltr rrein€r

chc, rcpcli srcsc a cctorl.lti. Cm an nai spuso. o deneErprmdm c bunt, si dovdr cc! mi cvidend o snsrituie tuptul clt|E rcctrl li la irftc{ile drmatie brIi krgicc, cilnd sunt iucate cum tebuie. Cat p.iva\b D€ Euripide,

:+l]!!!l4z4ll{rit@!rii,5jl!!ar e@_6o Er!4 !]nrtr i

*n;: ; :::,1;; rr,l# :ffi1l H$;:rji:i,"iO inlnsr bine nr.hesa[Lrcbui. \t

,rGh'mbm, desruatu i nuducid. rr nrnvru]lrlqqk fllrc. ( 'l ' 'r{rivl d. L lc'i. rcl: oenoro.ire

(4! i 'catr . rs!bied ispr; ! lh.nvrvJ l iml l i i . !um\ui i (h.c$

klu\ ti$d eilJ li.!rrod Le' foqJs sI hdurcn .l\Iv!r'

:TdAclii r(s mlid(,ivrqn! lD I!ruluifl ndcl Llc inrls.Cci!i lniii '!hrp.Euripidc$ n! l'(!lrlcl h rtusc,liile lui,\tu15irc.de.c

I

F,r4"r{. !-y$ttecr9.r!9!!,rur sl pB.,c lll!!!qn$ lmcnrctc ctrvcnitc nici pc el dc oncnic. nici hila. rici r.ica.

l0

ARTSTOTEL

licruie$c bine, e dd! r li cct

Adotrainoirir@cah4ii .cadnnei,duprpireEaunom-

se ras in.ar4i i sr lrcftzc dupi g6t'n p;vir;nbr. inrr:lgc.15 JaDkdpe. muJru-{r t nedips r&ol ,Jcpdrcf . , r , i6-

riiffiEiii:i]nd_(nnFr,,j-ii:.lrenot i", o r' lumtuiico6;aEFlsom jctc-.i'ntrdrrr-iiitca-flaiirai6;6,!iEghr, pirrsesc la um! s@or tnpriEtenioj tlri ca vrmd s{nodrt de m6na @luilait.

d Noll! rEbuic s, sc dcsl:\oe ndpird fie inh p.cdn, ne

PoETICA XII l45l a l0-XM454 a I

id. di a Erifytci dc .ih Alcd4nrPoctul e daror s! n6s*!,4u rilu!i noi. darsi $ie si si tslo*-aar-ofiiEr.-crui

E-prin Jn d'ip fcnci/. o snDmm

Jdtnlr'. fe nir ornen' !c ncsinrr! n'o pndcu,tricimrll. C,i undntmad lohpnnde ri nu@i se gendEt .i

tdidl .cta impotiva u0ui dusnan, uitir n-e nifriclodror, - d&i dc flpbl insuti ar surdintei. h re1 ri €nd er do ldircrcnti. Cend iNI lovnu€ cdc lnrrc fiinb dngiuDrli - cum ar fi u fiah r;cn k id! on d dc liod si+i uciLlllo,mitrofqiorp. rtu3 {u.d m:n, nul,on fiulp€ mamr,

di. k c. ilrr fiph de r€lul adr!.-a(cq(F\ sirua!rLc (c I!4|h clurat. Nu e mnl. p.in um.E, si 3e scbinbc ccva in su- l

lllo lcgondare. cum tr Ii trcidcna clitcmoshi dc cdtc

Un lol de a aduc la indcptoneo lapti ldlosn d. sciitoriivFmuri - c cird Pe6onajeh srrenrttntr y i"ini;iiiFliiii pcirmv ii-o.iF lnr'lileao omortndu-si copiii. Sc mi p.arc idisi ci

il td0I utr rlu ,zrr 5[ gie cli il lace. si abia p. urmi s, si dearle lqlrud cu prc$upsd dnlmm. cr Ocdip rl lui SotbclersLnr s Ft4g_!I3q!1 a!Lr9!li!r9c!!-z!:!:t{vttr$:tot&oaE tns nrbmola n,n lrLlrul taccdrri-.un lacc

Il do @oster. rd c ur al teilea caz: cend, De puncbl de a

tl dtn nctuiD$ o laplI ircpmbiln. cn'n iti dd vl'm immt

Alu,{ dc @este!" ald situlie ru i. Ceci un luco € feo orihcc, c! 9riinln on ftn {iinti. Prc$, idtc barc, o cMUl dG

oub ln cumttinlf dc caui iti pune in ninre :t sdveriac,, $i rcnunlr. o emE! si'mBe e p.nibiu. fird sI ft $ ra-, dln lipstr clomdtolui du€os. Nu-i vorb{. trici iu p€r r@$l ur. dc;i-ffi;picjurtui: Hctuon, bun{od!. ii

l / r rm.hd, i .cr { A d! ,1"4e..-r 4 letuul :a!uA!( rq '

(XV/Afadm in suncrutF !4mlui. roue mhDoLIl $idnr

:1'b!-&e6.,nLrjqd Rbtric es ?tinth<ead incr,i hE (&, \{t!\&i i . r ' unlrnrul int . lmpl l r l^-sq.nr i .dn . ' .dernduior/c

- pqv@i C;;i-i.;El;lir-d.-;;FaTl'fi .;:rGtnr,d - p.(d-36p- k. . lu lu i c. 'a- pu. 'nr . i . " f . ' rc-dnoldd.mi j .lo relc pu{ l, dlpo,uc de ,{9rJ .rr D' nab p- cc e nc dkr.Fcbi ,lului, nu urnlr{ rr forooa .Firnr . rym, e drur- i gr7!v i i .d- iuu! o egru'r .uuas,dn o. . f rb(rpr.d.hbfc .o mm h.i hgedii nu purF fi. rtr ndc\e,di.c tL.JcdesflEc..i-utu'.e3 r4-i ( p'opne plo,htllqir nhd\d+Dt@j.:[email protected], iur0 ul un

#ffi1.q.t*"[email protected],, cec tit nptiri se poi arupr imprcuri, sr oei@rln c(.

mdm3udrrulslpdicumplirc;ricsind osrrm Acltunide

ARISTOTEL

ci r.:qjE-!_Eg-$4! !!!tM@gd. iar tubul pe dc a iheul

@ra. cu triint{ ori ftri. inft csb4 nsi bui{ e snufii @lui cftlrpruieie &r! s! sric imporiva cui, $i ;i ,lI scana dupi @ a frpt!it, pc de o pat pedu cn n-m in ea nimic rsprng{br, pc dc dep.nh cd r4unoa'rcM c m eleneni inprcsionant. Cc. nai bunle lnsl ultim: ca i. CBIo,b, trDde Mqole c pc pDnc.nl s, 6iucid.! lul,Lbrn.olac,.i Ronsh; ori ln /r4cDr':r, uddc sdanr sd ! omm ldkk. un m H4le mtre nul \fM-oEk nMrroomi clrd s prcgica so prdea.

Dinaceaslpicin, cum m n{i spuso, ra8cdii n0 sc p.tsdie decei cu ispdvile r foane pulinc fanilii. inr-.devtr, inclut!@ do snu4ii hgice, inrimplmr mri curatu decir tustesugul j'! ftcur p€ peri s, irEoducl ln subiecrlc hratcnoenle

'lo ocsa. Ci umrq: au rtzui novoili s{ caure umc

a@le f,mitii ln ce 3c perEcneri ddct dc tr$npl{ri.- Despr€ lnllnluira lrytelor, ca si dcspn chiDul cun hbuic

s: ne subiaiele, s-. sptrs insi de ajuns.

tudinea c si ca alui. A(66 cdialg se lnrlltu$e la pcnondc dcdiF crlcgonc alcasl r@te n t o femic, ii ohiar nn b6. micd

nhionichlui PildrdcurddlosDr uqsdcladrEburnd,]MoFhu ln o4!E irc cddd ncv6dnic si neporilir, dnguira

OdlEu ln 5d/, n tidd! Mcrm'pc': tre n6bhi(ir, I4g!48

tr#und.eEm3 rucr'(m di' e,,adc smeesrdcr d!!ihn

POETICA XM454 a 2 xv 1454 b 19

llgu!:ru.qeSgrq&'. * ri,^ iq!+lrr!tusrg. FrUohulc !i mlrt*.! mcrul e vcosinilaukrc sN f"pr.r. !.iGEonaji;:i?" a"c-i*t" a" io.

lltolc srtr de nevoic, i jtrIti o hpri si D'm,i,lup! ala dupniul v.bsimilrnui sau,i n@rrului. Evidcnr cr, k raDdul tui,

Utuii cflenrii divine, ca nr Mcd@. di in cDnodnl t tod-Ircilor din t&d'. Iore$!j4!!iui hbDic fola\i, numaiffiiiliiiil #*:j,ffi*fr l"tii:it";:llrl

olnlul inrisii ftbnie sI so ddosc cdaclcEror eriloi.

ootc@ c'. - e nu-i e dd onurui

t5

l0

qr!=i\!i v4'ik. (bjeurik,auioaremzerordtuur J. ! sedeab-ur iornrbtuia!hp

m

'nuft buiededhdEni-rL faca lo. ro unclem.nriiu!

|rd.r[,l,.ouo h sl6a (t]unir,(um e inEMnns mtic

S,r""mP-:ffisl.lorhft r&capMKurri fitr:ruE k h(

'uto:' m tru

|6! m{cn cI ascbtnibac. L tel ti p@lul, neron st inilcnl hlnioti,ori uqurarici.oi cncine ie e alrc cnsunri inlo,|rchuic s!.i tnAiiM.um su]. tr rotucimaide so'.Dsau ficrt cu Anib Asadon i Horer.

,Ij tst! ecstc. ebuie luat aDinte i,!e dqsupla,la At;c,nchbnic. a - .A dou calilate dc anlr lh vcneF e pltrivirl. E\ist! o n€ loriv! simliiild in chip necese tsezitc dc poezie! crci ii

htu6iF?sd nrc biiblFlts{i( i ( ruzimea or (p,iirvsqcu [,v0 lo! s plcdruiGre, nu o dalr, D6prc clq, in.r, ra lorbit

IR?cnei , Atre,scdglnem4cmert 'sad.cdrLphtd.r uflh( cdle n@r4_puhhsk,

dribui unui cancr€riele i6 rdrlturi {r{rare inainr€. a Mh [email protected]

- d*r,\bi".a,ramiEfjci ar fi si fie ncnabnic. !i

qlitrfr!it(a (d 5,ide rire,rncl hbujc tnlit'!rdd6m. 'n

A--1t 1

cecdff i m$K"J" ' r , i " Lr ,a.- . - ' . * ,dc* d "Lt ffi 't-

di;r", ;nr",p-DFii--fr it,

rcr, dnrt:unrdin iab*, p*".. ru:i;ftia dc Fcc-"i.Clici'. on .stek e' ia.oor. dc KTk'nos tn nlyc -.lahdob;ndiF.larildulloiinD{ ik in *mrc \lobiodiE e mD. llcrsu dorcnr,- { or'll!!4Jcumdin rrm, tolo iti dc o cov.ln. Folosnca r6ror scme c !i eacit6'rat! md izburit , caictGt hri Dutin.ln cLUr ruiodis€u.bun{odl, ftIcr cr rccunoscur dupi acceai ci.atrice, altei ercunosc0r dr doicr si aitrer de poranr !€nr.a c{ scmcls anlmd!6rc sFc incrcdinrrrc si €cunoaftedle dd@e$ tip s!n.6aipDljD aiisrice! anisnca sunl nunii cel. dccugand din insi$idstilBrea aciiurii. a tn s@m B!ii.

Ado@.,Eedi( c!ob!d'ui'il h R:Msrh{r jgsjts&,DarL.IDrte ! ei.

'le !ni- rolna, Jin &cJrii Dflcre $,enolu.

ffi;;;fr,nzj!6-,r-6ffin.{G;,J--liF .br.d."r,!"s face ffo{8r! cu ajurorul scrisoii; in shnnb. crvintelc rosdrcdc el sunr ndi cuind donb de autor d{ai inprsc dc siualic o{menHproedmscapopicdc grc|crrrpom rl,cl.i oeeteft fi pdur bt rrtt dc binc prh cn cr ii ccva semne ertedo@.(4ijdcn ii,,gla,ul suvoicii ,ln ?e€ullq! solocle.)

- A ucir@teedic e oril. 'uid

de bkror rrczi'e dc kdrra unui!!!u \Ju rrLUr,cum se inr:n'prr iiCilr?tr'lui Dikriogcms, uDd€ eeul izbucnefe tn tlals, la vedeEr icoanei, ori h p.v6l€a lui Alcjnou, undc,la !u201 citrdiqului,Odiseu ldcrimzl ii cl, lduciiduni ahimc: cM cc d fn€ sl fierecunoscutl amrndoi.

A Drra . econe e daronrr uFr rudeoaii. cr ln }Io.JbE

m " Recuo.ne€ nq!4194jug994ii. Ji r /,tgcd lui Polyidos soti$ul; on ddr nduril ca

||xi \csirdea(r' strr mear Laitdfi Li,arum mi{ dlr !r

JtrtLit ti cu . Alijdcli ln Zdcul lui Theodal€s, ude llt se

POETICA xvl l4s4 b ,-XV[ 1455 a 30

pl0n3ccl. vcnirl:+imrordia*, fiul.c pc (alc sdJipi!dI

Mul rrcbuic id*i ca p!guLji:9!r1!!iv4!9€n!!{!$ddF

ARISTOTEL

20

I rolural c! croina s! voiasc{ . timito o scrisodc. Sidgu€

|!.lci ToL un felde R.unoalrere e !icea implend ctr o!t reni. ,,4i(i oer fo{ d€il5{ mudfr, dc lureo !m fus

,l!trli 8rcSi.! din parea spectablilor. ca ln Odisu vesrio.Crd, Inr-addvrr, ferDr cr odiscu e si4u in se s! lncd-rrcul,Iinimni altul,oupl{smuirc I poerului ti ipor@ pc

,o lrrcnaiazt dlma (nica cl etuLd se laud, r pl@r sr-butr@Doc@D nai v!,6e): a o

rimnlulmoriv cltn lelul{eb $oul+,r fi puhr recrcul r un Elionment 8ftrn. ,--J--Dlntc bar, er rai bun{ e n/uno!'

, $ i rurLrs in F,nerde,unde, l : ve ' l

O.drp'rl lu Sofo.le, on io Jr,genir, 'n

crilcd€ urfcl i ruo!!uird! i!!u!intlc,'lrrod!ld,N0idctlrbi ln rlndnl d doilcr, vin fle pe ehsjudrc4ii

do 5.0ni a pd'nui,cm nu oiirh{ 'le

ajuns cfecu tr\d-vlrodlu: la 4pEanh &Esria sru suptud fi pi6 a ciznr.

!:!l nrsi. in mrsun p'.ihilulu.{quq'!r!e pson4eltr.o-[i, Jrul .lc r ni(a tn el mi in,]

ARISTOTELG, lmpfiisind dispMtia fiEsc{ a cftaruilor to, sc lsrsijpelili

BTICA XVII 1451 a3l XV l4s6a14

XVIII

!4odlna!t, pa49a dq4iq:epntul *hidbini p6" ta

E Ft rcut! lbatnr., din prtnderca copilului !i dovediEa l0

I uidc s@rrs Fsonaialor * schnbe h bnc $tr in dr

lri dcznod{erntul idpe o rnyjrul€. de omor qi @rge,!ce-llUd'jlc\unid. pah relr', clE sud !i plnik de cd m

nnclc tli'Eldnr er ak{ui.+ lbF ;aFsElii-.budaor prin ll!]r!r!-.luinhsi. Drka de l.

i@!!tolcx.{. n ;&ift--ez e rlclrir, ' nhq, dnu4

k F $rdiit -Lhq4Eftulxi6qi Fltdl&l€si Ibftuj @ de-a pat

tftt ,. eu @le a d.tur ac,buii-st-p€nqo

r cclui 6 scie e sI lncerce s{ E^ifu tdrc &eslo

iei o shcrur{ J? epoM, - Eru

nrvocrte pcitro intai! oar, hbuie nMb inrii in tirijtc lor qcoeralo si nlmi in lmr nnpiiirc tn epjsoidc !i amdificar.. ac insconad a Fivi m snbicct in riDii senerate. o podc arra piraIl*cniei: o fad lanrrr, po pucrtrt de , n jcnfia. dispa€ kinicdinainrm saqincabnld ii, sll4nnrrtu,ll{ tdr, uodc drrina @{st inii s, fie j.ifiti zeiloi,.jusc s, carErc rrcina dc $criticabe. Dnp! o rrtmB, s rn$mpuca rra&le ri sI vjnr soh (ft,tol c! po nca de a sd duce n cm d.t! dc u isu ponrft un rutvsF.jal, cm 6i in * sc@ mnrc, sunr in ird! de subiecD. Ajn6pc a@lc ncrcasuri, i rrinsj io criF cend s, tiejqrtit c euoosdt

fie rn felul itrchipuit dc Eunpids, fio tu felut tochipult d. potljdodupi a@a cr spue, tn hod cu rotot iice: .,nu nn@i s@i mete

ir lbn dar s! nc irntl. ci 9i mie.., dc uDdc i sc rase man.nirea.O dar{ liniilc genddc fixate ti numle [email protected] de,ucrat cpi-soadcle in Frr. Accrea eebuic adapr c iDdividu.jmrij €rojlor,4m ar r, in azul peronaiului Oftnc, opisodut nebunioi dinpricida clEh c priDs si at nantlirii prin purificde

10

.incDoDe. r*nr eteriifi :-ru-;;;:3ii,t(fi iffi ;.-Eu.-de;;Ei;l;;

i" '.g.dt9!!ts&J.

k enrr,cu'k, io cpope, r*maiArtuir rMermes. snb'ecntl 0.rriei. btrlioard. tru i {EIdc tuno

-9t-94E1!e1e p'lElll4ilqiind€ruoE:u. sidru s ptudjr ,tc

ht r!u, dact dr,n E p€ cele mi mulre d mi inpon ft,Lh[ fal, &.hipur (m rul clovcrili poerii asrizi, dnd.o!Fru glsrsdtrtr ercele!!ink-nnC.f, eu0ltrll,sem

li8uGlr 'nfta..tDeorcaIk*ma

brtr DFpre dlsru[ ilt.lcrenl nu Do lngldui€ ri sprDm dspc o hgedie,odnu.laI€lcualla,cnhneinsrduicsubioh :[email protected]$ !i doznodlD$nrul dandtrda sut la fol. Mutri po€li,P d rnnoado indie!, dd 6 dezlcag{ Fo$, cAri vrmeul eost! rptirudini !e cnvin puse de ae-d. 10

a0fie ibplcrd mi ndte subieb, cnmeJicind

'tu opuci r! pudt ir scenl hnog subiectol ttrdd. In

r .pi.!. nultunid intind. , fi€c@ prc ili dobindc9te

alpiavdimliror,3cnintuie F ci n dnicqE. spbi€dutpm,pnu-a! c acesb! etol sunr e.jsoade.

ARISTOTEL

n'biccl idtcagi Crd.r. 2 ?oid (.i nu duh.i cpi soadc izol4c , caEunpidc) sD povc(cr Niobci (.ttfcl dc .um a k.tar o Eschi l). od

In hgcniilc ctr pcnpcdi. cx si in cclc cr rcriuncsinpll.

,cc Agtrrhon:,3c mulr. ori c vcrosinilsil sc inriimplc si lucntri

Coftl t.buic iocorir si c1,cr oricmdincrci,rn clcncnr ilintcguluir rehdc,prinumarc,rllirprnclaacriuncntrcainpicsclc lui Euipnb, ci .i in picsclc lni Sofoclc. L. po.rii mri doi,buclililscintalc de c1n au n nolril lcgirudcur0biccrtrl dccitrcu oice dtl tucdici dc a.cca * Si .Add o sinplc inrerl0dil.d0plt pilda ddil iltei de Aeathoi. E, insll. lreo deosebile Jrtre apnnc si sc cinrc 6cncne! b&!! d. unpluturil si a ftce dint otagcdicinrlr.licrii.dc izold..liechidephoadcintegi?

S arorbit. rirdar.despre celslrlc€rJrcLlici. rhnc llncou'Dit'rde rki nde!rseoc.

Ccd cc r fi dc spN dc$r cugcr{e hi m locul nt cil4ile dercroricil.Dcrttr.iorsmcrcrDrcocutai.rsqropieDai,nuhdedc!di{idi"i rlidcclscranhb

6\(?, !4/ s ! 4 ' rdr t r l

POETICA X\'Ii t450 r ts xx 1450 b 25E lihpldc, pn nnn(c, di si in cl3|1iftcn acrutrii &marcc

- d. cilc ori ncvoir cere 5d sc $ineas.d $nrimniete d. nili si.lricr. ori sr sc crezs ituzir inscmniliri,ru a vcrosimnnidisonren lnuF sinc slujin de..cleisi primiii. cuaceasltsinsuddcoscbircci.inace$d umicu,ercdrcterrcbuiedsEoduclriri dcsrusin dc mci u fel. citri vremc tr celil?tt dabn, d. a hobrrc incubbi vo$norutui, pc calca vorbei si ca o urhaE trvo$ei Cde ar mai ri,lnr-adevir, dul .0vnnt oiuttri, dacrrurunre d prra plrcurc ftiri inrncrIr cuvanrulul?

Din cec d fi de spus in tcs u cu er.iul, un aspecr al .crcerrrii e consridir de nrd0nb vorbinr, a crtur cunoEruc tine dcdonicnrut dcdamaiiei ii al €lor cc irpitrcsc acsst mcn.strsi ciirvaFoe.ipon'nca,ce i iu!a.e-icxpuneElj.meninFrd.inftbd4 rssphsul si bar cars vor mai Ij fiiid Din ftesd pncinr,lic c, va ti cunscaad, orj br, rcsrc rmori. nu se pore ndicrlmpot'vr pN.ului nicio n'vindr m tetrd sit tic tinur{ tn scbr.cici cine ar puEa tua de bud vina pc cdc Roragora i o sirscrrc ltrrHomr. cind il nusbi cr h vorbolcr ,,cani4 zcia, miDta.... . cu8aidtrl ci rmul o nsi, n r fi.ur dear sr porunccdci.r (a ponm.i.zioca c1, c a pue in rcdeE cDivr si raci su sr nu raci e;a.)

l.c, de ce subiccrnl rcesra * cuvinc lrsar la o pd. ca un0lcc nu rim de pcri.i, .i de axcNA.

irlxx'l'1.!-a

Eldcntele lraiului, in inrrcgul lui, sunr uoilroarcte: tirsra,silsba, pdocul! dc lcgihri,Nmelc, vubul. flcxiunea;jpo-

L"tl:! e ud $rcr indlqtrb' ,nuun.eretdcsuner,osa r/unur p!r ;0t l , i re inreir ! rcn urui indr i re 'g,b, j . tndNrzhiksn.r

'loe si suneielcscoascdc dobibaccj sirooJi nici unt nu

meri[, d0pr mrne.ruhclc de licr!. De tctuj lor, tirrcte sunrvociic, *miveale si Duc. vsira c cea sE tuc suG. plrcapribit

l5

ilii"ARISTOTEL

rari o prnere in n4cm s buelor si n limbiii scftivmali. cer caEllc rurcr pecptbil rczulbt dirt o punclc io niscarc a huz.lor !ia l inbi i ,0rccuDttrP;mu!. i .ccr. f t .chiar opuoc$inhr$-cm abozclorri c li'nhiisn,euri tor ntr consnuie un suncr,dar

i dev,ne puccplibiU, cun {

. iA L.erh.- n, - " , . . . i , " . -d"p,_-a:- ! ! ! 5de gura, dupt locnnb un& smt ptudusc, dtrpii cdiFrca de 6pi6

eu a*!!. p,ni(dxirlt' rci-o((

Si!abreun sunctliDsir dc Jitcles.lritei, c;iGet crpur fi. bnniMii. rcrrczi(ri o sirabi, fic ftiA, fie insotit dc A, ca in rPA. Prccrarr dilcrirclor lor deosebiri

rd i i !u l rdelegi t r t r .u! 'ndl ,DsIde,Dkl ts. iRnir ln!r,"F.r;;J;uii..;.b.-{Lmai muxe ,lrc surcLci liictrrii ri I ic 4ezrti !r slisit $u h rijloc,dr ncp(lid n lntebuinrdi lrincstalibr., dc pi1dl1. uiv, iiroL. 6i Sau0nsunctlipsitdeinieles,cse drn mai mulrc $nete c! tileles arc da lsildciunsingusunct.unllsles: cumrfi dadi, r.piscclclrnc.

Numclc. m iunet compus.inhsrar cu l0jehs. ncinPlicindnici o;dio-lic dc limp, dlc cdoL lir,li n au inrolcs prin ere lnsslsln cazul .elor dublc. nu no slujim dc clcncrt€le lor mmponcntecr ii cum r mri ivea iqel6 popiu. asdcl,in numclc Treodorcs(,rr,4it de Dmft/id ), pdtea cate lnse'n.cuii ,.da nu ti4 m

risblr c h $nct c.rntus, ioastri cu iorcl€, inplcald oindicaric de tinp. ale dni pini n rtr prin clc lnsele vEun inrclcs,lafcl cu.lenumclor. int'devrr..,om sau,,rb nuclp mlideerdc ,.oind , ltr schimb, ,Fcrlc ' sau ,.r nEi nc lasi si inrclclcm.0n!1clruvolbrdetimpnlprezcnt,.lruldetec .

FLcriutur triveite liB num*, ric verbuL Ea slurcic siexpnnc, cand (klil d,r lclul .,rl reshi.r'oi ,,ee$uit t .sa lu

POETICA lX t450 b 2b-\Xl 1157 b 7

dcprb,catrddaci-ivorbadcunul sauminutti,cainexe,nptcjc.,om_. .,.aDer!". cand fehrlc dc rcinc. dttr pundsl de vqtcrcal idtrcb:irii ori at po ncii,dc Dildi.tnr aderrr,..a men?. s{{,dcrsi I Eprezinti rdret de flcxirtri dc verbului.

ri 16zi,iJ r un \! mr 6mn6. iz-rr \ n rnkks. Llr0,ru ani

/jri .,creon ne4c. , nunelc ctcotr (Nu orice propozitie c tu-mali, int-adevtu, din nuDc ti vcrbruncod. ontuti in dcftnitiaomurul,etugiduitpropozitici silic si rrr!vcrb; chia.Si 4un.iitrsi.nirc opmrc,kniria3titctatrtci.)

hopoziria poate ri uns ln douii dripuri: fic ci prrcrlrc unsiogurludu,icnulinmtntcgiruni cc uneieidrcete(sj mdrcpropou irii tt di. buniorri. c rna p. catcr bgntuihrr defiriridomdtr"peitu c, privesb un stn!ur obimr

XXI

] !4! lc! deJosf\rm.I{$ \ r rb! srntk ms.

'yi (p!ninf ). Dn eledublc. unele sur consnuibdinr-opdecu inlcrcs si axr fi (cuno$and ct dijincta ru sc ipljcieraosntlor crvanhlul comput, albte numai dil ptuf cu tdrctcsAr rEi f i "p

' -um--hnt( .c\ . taph\.mutr pr , t n,rn, n, te J5

J,nc.r! r0uch! iL re dia$fitr-; nilr-Hcmnk,il,!\ rur$Ond nune nai podc ti iri! obnc& sau pnvjncialilm. sru

{!fc.nrida obsc numele iircbujnhr de ioatl lumca] pevin-

ci4r!!, pe cet irhbuinlrr numli dc .irc unii E evidd, fitrm& ci mr!!e!-ryJ: lflnli:r q!r9!I.".'!9!!'cl3lt:ri Mtu.' prnnreiri.amni. :inyoy.de pnil,t,n.."rn d'alccrul cipriofird. e pcntu ei un .uvanr obsbscj penru noi,u! provncirr'sn . . .....

10

lEr4rs e kcglJ \!Fr MUi .h'<' : rume !i Jl!!.!qE!I,r",r.

', e, " ls$r.-rrsj!!:tr!l!jr!! IIllrjjl]l4u

cc vR,u si.pui prin 'fqefd

de r: sro L sf!!i \ | €rcintelesB din cxcnplul: ,.ri mi a nat conbir". int-adevir. ,.r *aancoraa €utruldinfclunlcdcrs! Pild!dcftceEd.laspcl{Itr

€en s ,,nn dc hprivi rrumoarc stuasik Odiscu , utr'le ,.mii Nintctcsul dc..nulb ii e folosildcpocrln locul rcrmnului carcrnsomrcua.,mulc . Dc la sp.t-{ laslxgsunr tc.cnh: .,iuretDlluandu-i'tcubsrzul ri"tiindcubodzulldtrduplmrf ,incaEpcnru .,a lua , pocrul intetuiDlorzl .,a i'lJ , ir pcnttr ,,i $it ..,alM,mendou!cuirlclesurdeFri'lica csva.

r Trecerer dnpi analosic c dc care ori , lnt o scnc de prtrub]mni, ce1 dc d doiler se slseft cu ccl dinr-ii in

'cehii npon cu

al pelea faE de ccl dc d ftile{ in accd cz, in locul calui de aldotlea sc vr putca innobuirlr rl prtulca si. in locul ceiui dc alparrulcr,,i doilea. CaGodati. pdtii mi a'lalgI ii hcn0l la c@sc rfert cuvin.ul inlocuit pdn

'reralod Ca s i dru o pildl, cupr

€ pe lang, Dionysos cu6 e scutul ps linsi Ares. Poctul w tuteadd noni cupr ,.scntul lui DionysoJ ri sculul ,ruPa lui AnJ . sau,ro! ri3, btuanetr int-o vi4! o ceea ce t sed int-o zi. se uput.a dd 3pmo,ln loc de sri,,,brtinol.r zilei ssu, cun t:ltceEmpedocle,ihlocdcbtuenqe,.,setrrvicF'sau.,mdredvielii .

Poh cire uul din blmnii anrlosiei sc po!r. lniiopla sinu cxi$c un numc al ld, prcpriu. !i meldoF tohti sI sc lactAlmpritriastnink,hunioarg.sezce,!sem:na rpenh.,arm-pristia vipaia softolui nu sxis(I cuvin.. Cu ro& acc{u. ideeasc sisse cu soarcle in rclafi rapo. $ smindul tirli dc sidan-

t. de rceer sc si spun€: ,,senln ind dumezeias. i vlrpaio .Aco$ soi de mralor nai po! Ii folosic t rlhinrei: rtib}

ind. uunc, unui obi4t oarcm nnftle mchfonc, dar r4lduind!.i unclc din cal itilc 1ui spccilice Caiicandcirevr,vodinddesprescu..i,r?ice Du,,cupa lu An . ci,.cu!! ftrI vin . .

POETICA XXI 145? b 8 XXlt t458 r 2lNun6 plismuit e cct cu dcsiftarrnc nclohsn d. aujj, dat pc

clto i saroruccnc poerul. Sc prrc crrrlisicar.va din ac€$e!.prc.u'n rcmeNl apyLiy.< lcnh c(me, on drrr)jp pcntr prcor.

Nrai,m ,p, n mrc ru-lg:trjt \ tri!,. ruis(c dL !re on oU'g[ \ ' 'Use'ni i

' u! |U\ |$ i :r ccva. Excmplc dc ltrngirc,

ctrv'nlcrc not\ro( tn loc dc rdr€d.. oi nrhrts€! in loc dufld\€i6o! i dc sclncr rpi (in t( de qLort. 66 (tr to. de 6,i F)s.u ii,tL(penrtrdrl,r<).incmisrihtrt: Bi( liy.adL,jrdoripo, d,r,

un Dmc sc Tice strid dc cire ori. dinr o vorbi obisDni,o pdk e eMd nschnnhAi sj o Da.. prcticurt Ca in cxenDtuj6€f Lr€p'rr rdrd [d{dy,undc s41rq0y rinc lrEultornjei obis

Pivtc in ele inssl.. nuncte sunr rnctc q!!q!lie alclcfctunine,drclc inhmcdi{c.MascuLidcru.rctrc{it*cscin y, i,<,srtrcorsolnico'np$r0nI (dourhbluirrlj {{).Fcminine.&tc

alunsic lna Anlel , ca'n a.cl8i numir dc Gmh rl ii sc inrirDtilslliopc.rufrlsculinct penrur;niininc,inhcer g $i i rebi,icsootic mx f' a.eN Gu 4)

lo consodii nu sli$cfre nici un numc, nicj trk_omcat!

ln L sra$e$ nrmi rci ri\1, K,j!],,, naEpLhuctri:rtiu, y,inu, yd/!. tupu, dorulnterfrcdiarels s&'nesc in rcesre Erninalji $i in y, p si <

q".iTlf il,Tiii:ii,l;1"itr;iii.:'l jij_ffi ffiioEqli dir piirare. rocmd &{a € !i co,nm, cun o.(ri Feziilui cl$L. si

' lri srhmds ln rchimb, i.r,it llqg)rftr d. url

,,\ec. grnurrrvllrlr frms, !n ia;;;k p;i

ARISTOTEL

25l5

I ARISTOTEL POEICA XXI 1158 a 22- 1459 a a

C5r: lco eb T . io. f:ink modcmi . libcnitii criri.d. dc E0clidc. 3c porrc vcd infd/ul pcn('.p !.. Eclnd lo( in \c'! i uno..uv. r" ob ! 1.L ' f , l \ . { ' L*,madcd,ep€kr 'p1 elo.roB tr .c;r !drr ' .. l :n lo. , .d. l r . rv iac, lcu/ot

' * . ' . t r .vh, i l ' n. lc f i .

mc., Io 'e lc. f ie.elehlre nne de " p i ' r 'e.3 ,&Jop: l lJ .lnooi d r ' . i . -e ' v 'hc

lnt u! ren ianbiclntilnitdeopotrivl laEschil ti,aEudtidefacc cr vcrul nnuia si ns apar, lix

,....bubacc nininiocia1epicionlui cftnud... !ru p ' 1, . 'o r \ in b. in lor | . .nn

. . . . ! ! o 'npu.1.el , 1or de ni r r . .un rc l iedrr " ,d(" . inc.sr l rc drr r l l .o

.jclunat 0rl!tu!rtrdlin8-ooltupmicxOn

'llmunb fa. gdleie ,ln l€ de ,,tltrurile vuiesc .

i! rcccaij onrinc dc idci,Ariliadcs otiinuias{ irlnrespc4.or i :deFged i re l ra v r" ded ru

:r lo.de; o 6. 'q

, or e\ ' r i i t "o 0 i r ) ,6 ! ' , qifftr!i AxLi\xloa {€pilnlmdcn€pi ArLII;o<ticabaliclc lnrealnate. tocDa' raprul ci toate ac

, c' 'l

o igi 'l

a cq il[rilucru de cae el n avs habd.

A i! si re sluje$i dupi cuviintide necre din nijlacelBdlt.ic ri dc nunele duble Ji de pro rcidnme - e o ndecJnak;cum rcclnr idcprtc insnJdulmcet elor.Dintcr . , ,e. lng, e l . , . rp.3 elnvlbJ

" f,,inielcg tmvincialisdclc, mctaroEre. .uvinrclc ttrnsib si rot ce sdeprncazi dc uzur ob$esc Dac! cinela sar apno rohir si c.'n-

nb, rczulrard r ti o eniSdior m brbarism.lniemi, cend n E rolosi d.c$r ncrllor! bdbarism,dac! ear Hlrangc hpnvincialisnc. Dod canclerislica

'ffi &tilll,i:Jffi ,"*ffi ffi :#J',"iln8idnni dc nckbri), ca ln vcsDl: ,,vizuran om tipin'l cu focboup€speieLerltuia ialreleIafcl.Candcmpuftanu i.icrhitl decal din provincialism, avcm brbdism.

cjaclllaiqs!-seglf !99@jytgqrs!u\!ri{Isqlllg!t-.9:19{l!e,9!, unere. ., povinftdt .mde.rebfofle. oodoab.l. n roare .elelilrc amrtrLrc rrornsddu'llevik baDrirde: si ! Drc4lkrca.IolosiEx.uunht.r oh\hri ii!trLrrcrmft .Lr dohrdmB (tdun'..r s' rraliElEnijl:dr, Npqin pot coitribui !i luDlirile, scdlrjre i scbinbirile adusecuvinrcloi laprul dc a ri aldel desft in volbirea conurr -dcp5lbte de hfttif@a lor nonali de lnr{dcvlr da lsti.litue balrLira@a: in acelai timp. ln mlsuia in ce naip{st d{.abcvrdinfonneleobiiruilc&cxpnnft.Dutigse e

Aia liind. nu cu drcper cdricr er c€ criii.6 a@6d libctuhde cxprimdc, fictud hu p. sea., pciului. Euclide el Btuan.tutc auii, ca€ spulea c6 pczia d li lucru ubr dac! $4lng{dtrifie.druia sd inrind{ vorbele dupd voic ti caie, id ddtdcre. Itcaa

'En,xr;ply 46qy Mapa06yiis€ pr6(ovfq

onK dv -y tail€vo< rdy ir€iyou llr;06pdv.Folosica pEa vdditi a acc{ui rol de expriddc c cu atat Dai

ridicoli cu cat ndsura e un elenen! cd0r in roaie dononiiteeaiului. Doa ls ac.lEi tezulla. ar.juns€ si cine s-ar sluji demt,Joft, de provincialishc, on de celelalte fornc dc vorbiE,rlr! preocupaie dc poriviE si cu tnienli! s! {irneisci dsut.

L5

ARISTOTELrerc(c plcdrp.ziiii: .ici a race mebfo@ fnmosc inrlrni a stisavczii*omld cdi rclGTi

ninto numc, in Scncr:rl.cete dtrble $ porjvesc nai bincctrLr rin ib i.ck J! orcut!jtr rc$.tn

f i u, l , , ie oar ro,n(. . \ ,potriciirci nr timerii irmbici, dinmurrdcSrard rolbitjpor.ilib sunl

"i"gure ""-elc i";buiikr

r n' vorbimr cuvii.rul .bncsc, mdlafon \t pddorbrDcspr n.!edic. $n despr. imnrlt! sivairnii p€ .!tc. ac!

lirc irdc$trlltMF

XXIIITrc! ;ndi . !mlJ 'n rJ l r In rormrdcrclr{e!(a i . . (

e lenr h nrnnrtr jnLl d\b,&Rlrbr (€ed5 t!ir! ( Llnm, I cJ p.!aa LU $hi&re errleJ,tora fi.Ln. rtrptuui. \i"euc. !r!n ink s n {mnhr nri,l rtr

'ncpur,uD'nirto.s unrfirn p.nrru.r umiinrersii,caoric.

orsarjsm si podr pnkLe dcdlilrea care j c or.Dre. Evidcnrirr:tti.\;r drutr J \ubtrdd f po!Z",

"r,"" *r-,1r

^*_ -J s!hncrcr tr rurieL, in.i! in n.d n!!eqr.eronerk n! c r

un.i.p ",

ii /esnura! utrur;irn.n-d Ddrpeh rrk , n( i ,dein, im!rm.r f r t l . "nr-r n.r- fu! ; ,1r1b J. rcrctnk a\L crn, b i rur r , * , , r , o. r , s. t " -* ,

"r i f , S. . , .J1 Fkr, f t om i t r r&.c,vrm. r : rJ q f nru rr . t dep' , , " 9*. . r ,5 1, . . ,

" t . i ,t { dr !J,p:JJtut . f t r rddmet! \ i r t r ! €or r . mre c!ihrmdrpNr t rurac! t r0siaj t rc i . I r tde.c,arau,mlfr u isfr\ oi co'nparai { ccitali, Homcr sc udt ncser dcstilifn sjrtrrlcNrtrD.ivinli rmrn ct ntr r rpncii st povc{ertuii zboi;l

POETICA XXII 1459 a 7-XXIV 1459 b 19

dIi fo$,dcburlscmll,prrvr* Sirnevoie de cupn.s dint.singudpivir) Chie de itrtindere n

c4 s r .pnt, pmtul s a ,ies ca snbi.cl o linsdr p.nc n ilzbo.iului. i{r dc mulre din celeldrese slujene ca de simplc cpiro&lcji! rclul sr*. crblos'n coribnbr spalcj sI ii vdEze poemul. Ceilalti pocri, in schinb. prcJcd sd.5illcag!unsirgurpeson{.osineulip€rioadisi osinsudacriun.in nai n,ultc pi4i, ca auronl C,p.,;Jorsi al Mi.ii t r./c sa sc 1459 brrc oi1. din ,rda si dn Odis€2, abir de se pot scoarc o tlsdidsru doul din timm. cali vreme din Oj,rt sc por scortc muhc, ilr

'litr lJt dr..r Mj.J nrai bine de opt: hdedtx amclut. Fjlattct, 5

NeD brcn, EEW ! t o s, Adi su M s etu, L n( dmui cn c I c, C.tdL -rc2 Tnd. ;r srrsit |rbreEx mribiikn,sjnon si Td.ncL.

XXIVMd dcpanc, ttebuie * 9popeea sl intiliierc a9ll93!1tj]!:

glipc orc le rtrfrlite r 'T€r94

sr trc.d a'lc dvntligt4vu(lqqllr *udll!4kreu!4!4\! c!r :!mur:in!!i sl, t .m.nrut t , .F h uro.-r-r4 e 0a6Gd@i-- **i" d. 41!s{4!qtiqjq, dcElqnoNai si dc suLdnle, dupi cum aEcxEimarc lrumoi5! Toate, ln suti.i puse in raloae p€nrru inta'iaoidin chio dcalvaritde Hooer Irluicasafclrlc{NniNarrisd,triplnl|iSerrsimplisiprr.rici,ff anricaacompicxli(cdoa pliM(lcrecumaneri)tidecancrer.Firi r mri poneni cii, in narcnc dc limb[ ii dc ogerarc. aurorol

EDomlr sc Jc$u6!nu rotuqi\t! tucdi."-.!nde vorhr de

n( I'rlvc{! i 'rLjndser liniL: iide{!li 'oree(n inln rn \l sc inhrni r7e iiu r\inslri Hr.

AFISTOTEL PoETICA XXM459 b 20 1,160 r 35

J Hon e',! \' l ' n\ du_) i 'nbLru.ncJ . i . !a vo'be.p-dr, p-n. in renl l rnbirbr.oerei

" ! ' u. pc^or j u pi idetddck.. In!-^ {ra '4

r ! . J"E.*d.t '1,1. ' "-. , dr ro.ur m4.c. , rno,n9!g!J !tiffi +?ffi.*1il11:"ti jitil:i.-,".*

\'i:;Jrri $ np&r h' mrrrc Arrrr 6.rd L re {mn (u(dpulI tarr risnl; in epopee, scrp, oh

ahminreri pllcuti dovadi li'ptLl cI roi sel au do povestt ccvr ohc adliugiind ri dc l! ei. ca rl ti desltc rs$lritoni.

Toi Homu i-a inriitar p!..cilrl! ce!usoloer l r ! rcduq\pLnrLLi( i ' l rLnin( i i . r { hrrrLlev;J,de

lucru.m cn$isN sel.Empll,oamcniiisi inchiptric ci.nc vrc'6c.e al doilea exiii, pimul tEbuieplat si cl: $oorcrli evidenr g.csiti. Din tcelsi pricinr, de citc onpnndfiprcon'ir.iul.mullumirictu.i.cxistieuselftanplllnchipncccsdalruladcvlrsr,sutrionlnp'nsisileluinimpaun :peikucrninrcr,niindciccld.-al dollcrcxistI.selrsiamisiris i crcr ll ti Ir exisbn ta cclui ditrtii O pildi nc {qcmoncr ju dc.ari

Dcciilnrinphn posihilc mcvoiD 'le.€Ztri.

rrcbuic prcIcl1onai rkind idreq)Lfilc imposib e d inlirisma dc r li adcvdrdE.Subrcielc, dc ilri panc, tr{ rcbui ftituiredin pininadonalc.Cclnd biNecaidnucnpindnioiuneLenentir4nrd Drcltl"cnlccu.epurinrll.lodnl i@tion,lulu' einxtrxacriunii propriu.zise (cr,ln .tdjp, ncdumeriro crcului ,supn oonii lni Lah9, irrnn in pliol desftfunr r faptclor. cun e inonsnca ldurilor pinceir Elaa, oli in ,\r's;.rit. DefoMjnl mur. vcnit din Tcsoa pini itrMis1r. A pEtindccl dthiited ra

bui rnrs(e din capd loculu'.pa. i, tuLtrri, cinova nrearci si izbulc$rc sn

'ler rcriuni i un rspcc(

\ r^ i r !LJ{ui i r Ac$h n; \mr \ r rJn,gc d, . r p,rmctc arr iha, t,ut'n rutreiLlc.tL J e |!q, nfJdur{a hscdijtorrucab nr o siuri rcDrcrnoijc.

pcn ru tr n \pof ilin,leu.efl,.c.,LtKnrneJ! u0 m,rtc rLfl rmpn({r.trce N ldr t4!L!. hpn! (uf . dr prrinjadci ,mr).denr nruJr. d n i rptr je,rlnr n\t ti.ek NreluLc pc \c!nr i.n-rdd..r. *b,,ll;ep, pe. tn ahihb.rdLlec \mbJ de. po\cjh e \u f L I nt j s sernE!kzc Inrre din inr.imptrr trp

n f t [ r .s i vdr z.nirrsu a!r ] r lonir -.e inhos4!An \r.txildctls*h h unctcLlcitkk,firi vrcnc

-d, i pn\rd.r v 'u! rcp.Jc un,rurm, j rJ e ndf l0, \JLle(r

C,1'pn\\{e,n rut rLll].Idd( u,eF,.etuLllte\aneiriua j.me\ !. J

-e,liLl' sr mq",Jr o

^n$ "_.Nr.ra""trjjtr rfpmrn(tJu!!l\u tor aLte! tu dinb Lr!

'kLle n,n oL l [ rmu rez r5 n, idnDlu

oe.r.erlrotr \(J!c- ! rnsjlruF _ r ,.r rof o(rtuoirEu)rhi [ (u\ inretur r4 \

ndc ruusi Lt&,(ctrtJre r(lh de oF? rMsar imhi. .m,.rrn,h ! brhrhr h,r i . {prd m;5._&.4r r@ pfod hl te pf \ r t j r ihJJnr Lfa I p lnr tu3q,df ,e

sandr $!n4pmiui noond\ dc\erhdorf h llr!!adcr6lrdr l in\ in ie,nt4i \aJrsen

mrrn p {n!ir rh!tur sen Lt! !umN?0.ocmn de l;uLl,l ti n:,!J rrr\ pn,ilr. H ,m{ nh kbuk

srLrs ncihrJ- mr bincdtu.tj or.eJ rrrrL {,e!ftk(bu!\r . r .1, ! r n eludrr" !es. . fod!r ! dr rq \orh!x\dcima'Dwi r rtrmorc PropI1U,pcnhraror Atraut ri nultrdecthiiscrcoarririrnnr|tcj taivd,lirde

25

L5

ARISTOTEL POETICA

Dhuzibil,2bstrilul trcbu1eieltuardebunicdors,ledtcirjnnnurrelc mrioralc povciie tn Arses2 in loelrurt cn debec ercoului d Ii pinr in&.cprrh'te. tdale de D pcr po{i nutthitiaGior alk dnri, Hobcr iTbureirc rotosi sr le cundi. ficnnd

Cniul tcbuic .,lucrar" tn pilrile undc {qi0nG tarqcie simde m s. d, expesie nici ctracructor. nici cuscrtuii. Athi €ri.!n 3ra1 pra sa ucir in.un4r deoporiv, rtietut cMcldlor !i al

inlrtisezi cDnva lucfln inPosibilc? Slla4cic o grciedi

crcsdlatrd frri crnti.ins[,dacil poctul si atinge lolnl nmirn-(cmxnume,sasput,$udriin lclul rc$ izbtrlosre si tac!

mai inDrcsionanii panca utrde sc grscs. inposibilit4ile, ui vrco

ald pde. Pild{. rusrire, lui H*tor' Dacr, bt$i.1elul r 1l ptrrut

li ari's mi nnli sau mai putin hine si ftri ciilcdrea 'egtrlilor

anei.

grcscrla nu e rndrcprllid cici, in mt{M 1'n c'rc e tngadun.

g€sal. tebuic evi[rtcu iobr'Sc nai loaic tunc si intcbarea dc

gorii tinc grcisah dlicati:c cuNr impodva C.6zici, on c dio

ccle a cisi lesfiuill cu ca e ntrmai fnttdpl,barl Int-adevir. c

nai nic plcatul .Di !tr stic ci o cIPdMri n ue md.decet 'i

cui

&Asrfvi o potivnic lceild imitrticiTor asn,drcise rdme pdtr (ilDvi.unci.l n a lntttn!!

lidclcevroiarIi ntfTc,{edrcpn t[dspund:1ciI ai'tlil$ri.

poab, cun ncbuia st lie Aircrmsofoclcspui*dcroiihrici

, .s!rrcud4isbnis! l ic , iard1uiEur ip c.cu'nsuntaicvst '

Daci, mi doparte. 'd

obiedr ci lu(tr1 int isit d.lmr nu i

innioiutruldineestdouircluri,s rpuEadlpuddcctcasrcDnsi-linchlpuicoamcnii Cdulpovc\dl.rcuzei,dc$rccared ida!

s! sc spuni nici mai binc. trici m rdcll1rat.cl podc cuD crdr

Xemlan.OricDm,rispulsuls,.isacrcde lumca .

25

lll.

XXVDespe pi)blomc \i dezlc!tule tor, dc circ fchn sunr si cec.

sepode lrmuri binccineprivcnohcnitccrmumeazi.D::rg9!!-rrggl-s-$-r-Er.!]rs-sg!l,&r,e ! rr

:n q, mrbrs t r i rL6ul n cdr{n.I!**If "nn--q4!E +rrrl!ll,r!lAe&1,4"*Rgj:u:+I1llglgdri. Lumrih &cicr ree\odmi in:""-91.. i" tuc!!:]gEy_$irraE !4tq!!l!!!!r!E]cAMJr sunr i|n, o r?mr Je mimrtii ,h tinbr. irsrduneFclib' r*b,"

",rdsi d. 6e.;;;i?i:;bii;fufu!t1,,

n! e4cr!.i in porid!r \i i pGu!.rum ndes.rtJr r. hlreotL5dI fi pMie. Crcgclilc prcpiji acaieirdinur strrtdeJouifehn: meleinpolrivanni ei,atrctsinr6nrrtlloeo.D&t avenarsecuonepuriilidc annillmodctut alcs, g€*Jaetnporivapo.zici; dact tnsr plcarut $[ tn taplul de a nu-6] n ats binc obiecrutdeimrar._cud&nucal.csi a di$ in relai finp ud,

20 dotri picioa@le din dEaprr. - ori privcire o mD mirt s(A ( msdiciirc. nun. rdlbt . durLInn, r , , . r " { . . r rhc,unrrposibile. srseata iu c imporriva poeTici. As, tjild, dricutltjtitc curnn, in, l ' . , re.e pn,h-ne!"b1"*, .p. ,

' , " t . . i . " -

Mii inrij, etc rnporiva @j nsii\j

Eposibil.i{tsi,c!dcspEmclcIePrd !n,lcDetilorsiltru

& poaiispmc ct un maibuns dc.nt$nb'ndcpn$i sl lo vcdcm. 1 161

ci s[ ss pokivoascr cd cc cru siridd]i. o nr vcdnl d6pE rmc

.,... cuiulilcle dtpte,lnliptnr ininer")

r\ecraarurci obiccnd.peod*lmai!utirunlldCand e dc hotirir drcl un i&ru \Pus ori sivirsit

'lo trD lEts

!,ori e nonos o! ba,slndulnu tcbuic si te 'ncrgi

n nq ra

r"pra sru uu'u Ain As"uro. perr o I v.dc! in e 'nisurll

c '?lcasi

on uriirr. d ! l! c€l o x siviiqn o sau a spnso,lr peNJara ctucrr

$ rdrc!c'li. himp.q$are. lr condiiji. Lrpicinll. bu oarij r_t

ARISTOIEL

i \ . t t , , c t r3,o. ' 3, ,J ' r i

. O

' lE.-rd. . , r l r - ru y rur I iu, , ,ud. t jnnhL f t .,c.u r t t ^ \

ro, .Bu1dudi .pr. .dca . ,nr , i ! . Lr , . . u n$ i ,

p(EUiqn!f r rs;ndir la. !drrdsturLi ,uteo?/,nr A$der.mu / i -n- \p( D,ro, . . . |d c: t .

" r : r , . . , . "

"" \ -" " . .Du,",1 cr : ehl ,11" 0 , r ! , u, ! . r r .h,D &, c. n , tbn, , .oun

, t rm i , J t 1.p, ) , i r Fj .n, .ru ico, .3hr(41 I mi,ee,. iu_, \ub.de4,m mrorcmhr

Alrstucr suni sp$e hcrafdic, c! in ve^ndtc:.,.. ror c.ratlj. ri zej tidrboind.dornHu noercr rhagr..-i

r . ! r !etr ! r impiel t . j nc pr( ! rddusc rur( la!rnte, :. . . . .01r5ejnhe.!5prccr ipLah,* i ( .* ; " ; . ,1,"

sDD ! radJor rl nu crturnJ. tdfu..,.Iuu e tn ( I J., mehfonc in r.. J!,,nuhi.frrrtr.: i

.e,rordr-cd'r \JdeJ..c.mutr , .L" l r t .s i t reuid. :dr \c^ul

r Arhkccunh.i|rnnprcsde,(utuorurctuLHDD'J5LlD

rAs n rlrm 'rru.!tdded,i vcr!unte.

. ,...ninei unn si dobindcascr stavi...,.

,...,paft djn cl purezcic de plodc....,.Airete mutlum d dne, bune dc\prr

pcedfilu! r.ru mun,o:,en.nunrcr 5 ' \ :ude k. Cctc,nxnkrurare l

. Alalr, tdnLl erm: ta Dkksr , nLlorelnrc Jt vroer erbre-

_ . .rforim?t hjmtt. Jourprrl,ileoupr ; ..,

lndc. n I h'n! \e porc inhtcle iiJuur t lurj

PoEllCA XXV 146l a 8 146l b 15

Altele, in srtusit, se ltnurcc in lumiu anrnibr dcpnndciipi i se zice vin! in acclasi ohip.

pocrul poncncirc dc ,.pulpsrc dc cru$in,,blonzad" pd ei cc l&toizi ficrul. vAnd dc o libcna@egal! ctr r cclor cc spnn &spc Gxdmcdc ci,.... toani $i luizeB . ca i om aii sr bea vin Ac

Cand un cuviot omcm paE a asdnde in el o contrdicric,kubuidviruroarclclu dcinlcl.sp,)!rc,vcatnfnzalDdcs.ruitns*cmplul,.,roloopntu{ alanced!bDn/.bun&Dd, ciitcch1pu1 sc poab lux .,a li opri aolo

PunedD-ne inftbare, drcd lucruricele mai nulrc srnsc s:i intclcscm ctrm tcbui.. sple dcosebn. dertifdinea lrcm race aluzLe Clancri.i.i cn o'nir ida jFbE absu.de. aF, le detrebaa e, insisi adevinrc.pcrtu.ain.clcdnrumi,r, t4idn'dccotrcluzii:crit

.didclatonntr$potjvc{ccupsprir Lorrmhipune.Frpr veriIcatincazul lu' lcdios,pccrcau ilceput pnn r-l d.de

'le rc$ spaiian. gr! !po, ciudar ci

Tclemh nu-l inL,lncsc h vmi(a in h.edcnon Pode c! luco'rile shu asr cum spun ei din Kehlonir: ctrm ci Onisd si-d li Lu.rncvdili

'lin Nunul ,or ii c! !!ele d

lcaros S dpuredar.aicdumoirc!si\cli ivirdiitr-o grcieauin gcncnr vorbind. rabsma imposibilului i6i giscdo noti-

var.licin ccdnlelc opeEi poe.ice,ne in i&rlizr€r de nlui.1E in credinrr.bicrsci.ln lcglturi cu ccddrcle p@ziei, nutcbuicuitrtcioiolosb irare lsne de mTut e Felerabili unuifrptrncvoic dc rc^r,chiarDosibil. Osmcln.uhsunrccj I.ratrde zeuxis s p@b sr ru cxisro cn ar mii binc. insi. ci{ mai fd-mosi,pcntu cineLelultebuiedepqn ldionalul.lldndul lui.

di ideri, prin arirtua ci in anmirc inprjuid nici nu mi p.areri vorbr dc imtionri. inhcal e verc

XXVIc'ncvrsi r purer p;itrum inrcbeiea dr.i nn4ia cm

Inbn.:romrep.pcie\dpef lor ! (€rc djgc. .ur d,mpunv;

,qrfrr cs-idirF:niFE7rffu,-niEintrft i=i;;jd-' knra o:q14.ry-!:lM IllrglcM! i: lnu ad*r,o5i.um pnvron' r{rr ins& ri nnleari ftd:drdsir e or ei.esdvinesc inirdia sc dcdau la ror soiut dc ni{rri,la rel cu Dro$ii.inti.eti din naut.e se frcshejncariinfttieh aruncarcadisculd.ori htnuiescpcsefutcoahidccarcoicaDll.r.lr, r arcr3hu lucnnh si cu trgedir Cnsurut ci, e slDF,. cu$nt pe caradorn de alri&rl il liseau urmasild tor in nescnc, cindMlnDisk$ nuncrlE Calt ippidcs , jmainut. , psnllu tc cutaiiaru, exrgDiiri si cand faima iutPindrnueradiciernsibunr iniluanr oclor din trm! hr dc oci diDki s-ar eisi {na hri.[inteagihlidccpope Bn.semai pErndecie;dnuhis arra&c$.d trr!i pubtic suhIjE,in srrtcsi & disDensczf, de Imbarutge$unlo.i cili vrcmc heedid rr fi p.nlru oa,ne.jt de land: ri d..:i

POETICA L{V t46l b 16-xxvl 1462 t , l0

chipnlcumsirarsescinnrtr nu se poarc nuni dedits6solan.

' Accdorininuiri li s€!.atc d$utrde,in pimuL dnd. clnuprivcs. poczir. c, medc$eul rloncc$. cetl vFme d. 8c$un

uaazi si reci{4.ii' ds epopci. cr s.sishtos. oti pdtcjpanrii laink.siLe muzicdc.cr Mn ithos din Opunr'ln al doilcarind,ct nici ecdcllarir nu-i lorti d. condamnai. d$i nu s

condmni danrul, - ci num.i galionlrljr acrodlor pssti: dc .aEeminvinuitCallitp cs $i de cm smr inviDDilj 6tti si !\ir. din

eic.inirdfcmcil€d.podrrcondilic Lrro! cuPezircpic! dealhinbri. poczia t4ici isi produce eLcril si l,r[ vrco mismisimpla cnire dalr linpcdc dc ce lcl dc t4edic c vorba. Dri dar,in ccl€lalrc privints, tuedir c supeiori.poFii,nu i spue c,

invinuncr pomenn{ i se adrcs-]1 nunudecSup.rioari mii e @gcdu 3i P.trtu

rels cpopuii. - i sc nriinrplil dor \:i $ nuic$ci tiini si dc nelrulci, mrirrcpe de$upra unclc rprecirbile clcncntc Pmpni..!Du;ca5jelemcntr (cnic,nullumiticln.trdcslirxrcapnvron-lni s mnideobil sporlr!. Mri re apoi daol si.tarc t$loud plinc

'lorlicf,h!irnetl !arcpl.?€Drarc.Jiriamairorbidctolxdor

alirgc lclul fircs! d teclmi nniFiii in limic 'naift$raNc

dece.alccpopeii (Cc c conccotrt pulu.e mri multi Plilct decai cc

se intindc pc utr rmpindclungri: e dcaul trDc gandim hces r

inrimplr drcii alt.Lrul lD Sofoclc !r ri pus in ataGr vcKun cib

imbd.aliinhmlcpici.nnihthmdclhninG mrprlir'!unnare. Dovrdi, farrdl ci dnr orcare .popcc sc tor s.ode mal

hulre tragcdii.Asr lind.dacrauioriidcpoenccpi.e'aralucrsi c{tlorreTe un si4ur strbiccr nagi.aiunci r ptu! tuar. oi dacll i r dr lMllher ceruti de hexamh

- xpl cbjori. Caid preiind cll opopcca arc mri pulini mlaredecer tugcdir, vrcan s, spm .i e implciii dii mll onlte acliunj:asr cnn lrl,d2 si od c., snnl00np:idi.licclre cu lniiodcrci ci, Dricr ci lceft doui .popci strtrt cit

ARISTOTEL

cand c !o$a de spuse ce F, .onradjcbni. ftbutc cxannMrcraler.rin dncft iit.didsdicc.-dlci crclbade mt,si lud,in accaasi lcgiruil de idei si cu rcchsi r-nrclcs. _ Fnrn I vcdcada.i t pmrul 3c eisile oNa in co0rdzier ne cu pmpriile luiatimalti, ric cu rudecab oicini om inrctrgent

irviriroa dc mtlondiraGs'udedu;GeinJrepribrr.ri dccle on pmrur !c .tujetE firi nevoic tie dc ir4ional (ca EnriDidc.d.ineflenli4luiAigeut,ledcriuorc.cmetulut lui Mc;.]

ciricirc lci cxaniMe prccJ r5adf dn cjnci lehn dc $n-i luruilc: or ihpsibilc, ndionalc. virbrb&e, conhdic.dii sjporrvme rc8ut'tor anei. ti dndut tor. solulire sc ccr larnc pc icne rrsd unci ptrxE & vedcrc iisunr dodspE e.etrrunii.

ARISTOTEL

in masr is posb' ! l ! ' . rm bl i r r ! u ie i

b rc \4 th -oi .um

\ tn imr, r i .ur s 1tua., o L i re l . : !-rudolci !q!!!3!1!4!t!!!!! formi dc dri

rngc lclul inrr-un chipngc Flulirtrln.h'p !4!g) rd..r cpol{rr.DcsFc ragcdie ii dcsgc €D.!rc considemc tn cle i,sto,i

in elomcnrcle lorj desprc numrut $i drcscbidtc acesbra. desD€pI cinile cc lc fac bNe ori Etci sfijdcd despE dinc c{dns; silc.pre drpu05mjtc Je dq.-Rte lpu\ p:nj tu sunrdc aiunsD.sprtpcz1 dbtris.ohqtre COMENTARIU

I

3.,,Desprc poczic In si0e (,Epi n rnril< ai'ri<).Ca in Fsrjcl€ lv 1.183 b.l si XXV 1460 b t5,{m]lrf! mac'lnreresul dc 'pezic , nu do ,,mesb g P{,cric . c6a .et fropuncrFd'r!efrcbzc,inpinrdre,An{oblc]gl!Its$!B-p&

rn: iiLlJn. imiL ) .noirelG6;;Fb,p*,ri.r..

3. ,,Fclurile de pmrc dc cds intclcec si vorbcasc!r.nlsuntrntuh DrinLlunlc l.l-14. cDoDeer-dasedir..,n.

d !.,1ilrrnhui! rd,usrrs ma .p;nffi6@r-8. ,,Pllerea de indunre redl gr

'Nmd, h popnu . wsa[4!qc ,i-ctuc n l\{I]pn!rr

q4!!r!i4!!!el!! iIImr rczun{!q!lllll!q!a!!ry=P

d.slaurca oroon, he.1ru' een Ll. Dorzic. otL(ia !6o,rcr r",-?,-^;p.;1s,.m,i den;ffi-Dn! ar\ rlsrb23; XXV 1460 b 24i x)(_vl 1462 r I l, 1462 b 13-14.

9 M!00<. rrtlu! ai mn,.mdcriI'o.!../ icc.piirni lclunb. duifi;G-iminuin' de Vrhei,Bcj4tge zu Anlaktes P.etik, w.236-219 Cu nuantelc srltarcin nrginca liecllF lnrebuinr&i, inrclcsul lri Scncrll c ,.snbletJ.cjqjuf :&okri$a dc r$rc dcituid nF? liec&ci ctlii

b

I

ID M PTPPIDI

r0. ,cr1c sr cc ret de pi t r r i - .ELennrctccdirar ivcjclnr rlve prQiri riccifti vdiertli depoczic rr canl spL.ixtilrag.tu ,. piDele sudr !trJizdc in cap vt (145t) r $ si urn.),cclelalre rn clp. xx ( 1,152 b 1,1 !i um.).

x 1,1. ,Poczia dir i r rnhic i i . Lnobaqis (ce.dinr i ia lu jricnriuncdarerlldinvcrcul al vtI lo!SscimilncsblrArhiloh.tr 77Dio\i cf acumsihiDarasarnscipticdnrlrNpublicdde

,E$B.pi<. t952.! t . l : 95 (al tc doutta8'eurc. mdvcchi,n' IGxll suppl pp tll-21,1).dincarc\einbregecrNutrLlsi rlicompucinrulinleglD,irutnhJu.crcainprbi€aunorduridionNne,paDrhovrme,e i$r.ipoircepEtc dc parieDi in unna coostrutui urui oiicol), drindmbrl Drtod , fo{ u ( lmpue( \1\ \ara!(r r t r r ,os. l ! ! { id.dxtr l t rlJ'lnJ na.\airJ]ife ui.ir,tu (rftnri-"m-a r,r. n-r, e-rrxrdhLi4urui oror&r nis..ctrii hi o {nbtrnii dc nrodot 123lui Arion dn Merhyme,I clini aclvndc !k li dcJlisurat, duprspD\rr.cru'N irroic,tn CoriDr. Arihuliac nriiriridcDinunarBxiconului strdr.cnpunetu sumr tcgeDdrn ut ci]nrircrmci

luj trllrc- f rFJ-rdjj r pdro!.rp<rfi)rde,,aii .iirunpnnulcor,(4;ro< !d@y drijdut.itr rnp€juiiri cm ntr m $d cujoscurc si fu|)ra.irora nu pure'nlicc dcdu supozirii. (Asupra i'r&rlrelini brrdri din srdr,casid lu' Anoo indeobnc, v. Maro udcArcinor, rc r/,3irj d.rzTr4./ir, pp.2taF226) Cr vftmq di" linc. cun luscse |lnEpur,inEuiiM ceroda p.eii rvea sii 1nca din diri.lmb u gon p. jtrnr-Ltr JEndn 5 u,!urtriinllos a u' Arndcr ..ir i{! (pobl\ rx 15 0r3b 13r A\rJc einDrnJ,n!er. ! r tv- t i ,nac:Jacxpl'ci ftp€krclc mcnlitrni al clor obi(l 3 in P@r,.a, ilir0d dckrg.die n dc.or$Jic o ccrcctare annnmfri a lru8tudclor dcd'ntumbi aFnse prni la roi si o inccree do rcconsnunc { cvo,ltrti.i gcnului. lr A.w. Plckird CmhtidCe, Dithynnb, n gctyxnlt Caoedy, pp. 5 n1 er. \i DitinnttuEnr| Ittun'ontal,e c/ram,rr A cur! di crtrlo Dcl chrdc. NaDori. Ld.

l .1. i icea mri mare pr.c din ncsietr !ut c inr{ruroi cu f r ru[ ] r i cn . i rhrra. . . ctrn rsznlr l d in

CoMEI.]TARIU LA PoETICA I 1147 a

ttocizrriLe riindurilor 23 24.c vorba de muzicl nstun nrali

Drri. ii nu, cun s r puts crdc, dc obiisnnitul acompdFmenl ar

ve$Dnror.Jnioc .Cf. A. Fr.nkim, Minclj: ti,)t2icx. 1912p. :13 Ji urm., r dcsprc cirl[ra m.nlionru ln chlp (pctrt h text.

Thtj.doE Rcinach. l-, lrnrru d,ns I an lrea .'Rcv dcr Er.guqucs . vlll, 1395, pp 3rl l?3. :i Crrlo Del Crandc,

plaronici. rm lvur p cj ti $iJui tD lrtdte4 | l6 (o inrcFprcraE dcosehitl t| I Tarc. Prro 3d ,.t Jto,". .,clrs.

Qurncrly". xxll. 1923, p. 16l urm i cf si w I verdcniusMjnesh Phta s lactntE al rtstj. innab" xnd ht: ierntns la

us. Leidcn. 1949): asuFa ..inihtisi" la Arisioiel, in rixa,lt r

lulr&i cihte ocazioml in Jnrtul!..lt !r in a)nert .tu. vcziurbdu Gtli, ra n'.d ,rn_rLr sa',r,/. ,4tsrotlc. in ,StudiIElia di FiloLoglr clrssic. .N s, lV, 1926. pD 237 313 fiA. Frcnlirtr..p..n.. rp 19 22,$0pra'innatc in sandireacnciici r c.l.rlechi hdobsc. H KollBr, Die nt

'esr t dc'

Aatilit. N' ch,hn;n !, D t 6 t e u a D E..{rsd, u.]., Rem, 1954.

l3.,.Culori si loinc Comp alir pNr.i cu anelc

plaeicc...ntopte suh sennul ,jnilarici . cm vr rcvcn 'resn'

in p.gitrilc P.erto;, c $rtonici h Pl!r.D (RdP,lI173 bix 603

b) !i vr rinine nclitsill la rcorclicicnii I o{erion ai hmosulli,

J0laA,tlui Houriu (uillr,rapds^: v 16l)pitrhtuor.o,

ul hi L.$ins. lntcrssdi inuc rodo, sub acei ftDon. e o rnltra

cribuiti de lltrhlh lDi Simonidc ii .eptudusl ltr D. sJo'r/i,re'rcnr.,3: :Lrovi611 dv riv luvpd{'iav noiN',

'riiY 6i roiIoLY ('!Yp(tl'rY

t ,-r,(rti@r-., "q"

*-, "-ru,in r,'odo*.p '15

du rrc>i'Ariioter. varorrc" "- t " r"-L_'; -"" "te x

l+#;:Hlx;i**"..,':#**lL*#s-r

un oL rporcK N[nrt( 6raoipouol, ri[o< 6 d!4,or;por<!' rrD € i! ! {.s'ngorLles,t!ms!e_. rElrrd !] :A?( our! :L.|].ca]' lud€lriba . ..rpnicirium. ,rrr...;ndj

xd:, lb'tui unz Lre arD cJe"nrqm mtc;Ji;r.;,;.lalul imirqid,darclut rmindumncr.ctrsi,)

I9. 'cu mestctus invi isr or i numri d j t r r tep0ndere'.. i4!{r5!s (rir!r) e capllirar$ dc a robdndii!!rDrl{Bx4: nii!me I p€ om{,n,u J .&ur l! sjtutu.ru 4la

h r! o.esc Ll.prrdc,ej (ourrs€ o)!:q4_,!kr dc d J

'nEe dlrrcai ndt,?Lc! ,rurotu L unor miilutr e,i5,r:{dt ob1!i!ljrcjr,rrl1!l!]r rre,rei6i d;-a-r,.r

rtr4!L ror-v!n!4 JrT!4Pr?!I!.;

,.:h",""i1,#*;.:;*:i#"?,::*s:t#*il+s#ffiiiffifr.Y$r###m'1,inrrp.( & E, ,t o4,r

--," .,,r,,.",.";, ,., ,"",",j

'J ! ' ! r . .cn uurnal ! ur ! ce rmr:uun,. Ef !Jatr .2 nali'i!*I.[:,r, *tm*R**ftr;

D M. PIPPIDI

Phro eEO o simplr{Irc$iumde nor,cu are.uvinlc.ecacertrnnin NiTi DeloJte i.Annonict.. in imctesut noden al

COA4ENTARIU LA POETICA I ]417 J

rsrmemlu'. i :c spunca. dwl '_niprqurin,

ourdovio srud,tul'ovid (Aridot., Pmbl.. v\I\ 17. Cl A. Creac! rnir. d,lr l'rr.! i . .qder. l I (P,as,19]r) ,p.27,n.3).CuFriwelacrtaciarea

'nMUidc.,,ihira alarolc, dupi Ar$or.l, e dc con$lrar incil

27-28.. .1n" t , ! Jrr ! r ! r ! . DrLip"d"-a^, .n l r in;A*d-- , , , "d"-r-r . . i * -o"."cllrui prctuir,la sui. parc si Ii tusr dmsebiri (cr M. Emnucl,ta tdnsc ert.que. Pais, 1395; K La(c, Dc vlr.rjonrblscn ctun c.pitt gur4uc, cic$cn, l9l3; Wamcskc a.u.Tlrzllrt, n, RE, lv A,2233-224?) ti r cilni bndioii dnDabc-nimcricii c in q etrrc randun s$tinidi de rutoii, de la Pl&r(rc!.,11655d:r([rjtsaro

'p;rdv nli rd r.!i rd< xop€iaa

iv apd{roL rdi rnxd< Kai ijo{. sL[lirtooL 3,€tLiv1!v)pinillal.uiu,rcslar,6? rd i; i:l\ov iih.di r;0[ 6.i+L]oi irorpivoso' i d-prrt',< inal)iu.ra (.indFbnc,d9!5uli,tu e:blisrqq! il!tl5lrf ie,_e.rrrR !l,4tuni ) Iri"&!{Lla* r!!3 .: se dspr irr si \l Jiung!b n,a rtrl.N' r.!in cpNr intcriali. lrionimr (L. Robcn, P,doot,er j,

fli.Ix.tdn Oncrr..Hcns , LxV. 1t30, pp. 106-122, dccon,plcrar cu v. Rololo., P,rr)Dt,o srudt e iesrt, Falcm.,195?),al.!€i ep€dodu inbu pancMeio - trcccunoscutd'naluzii dzii. CL Arhen , ,Deip,oropl . I 22 r; Snet., CalA.. 57.4:,,I)rnrommus M.esbr tagocnim salhun qlam olin Ncopkncdstrgocdus ludit.quibN rcx Macedonum Philippns o.sisus es!.egeul (,.pmroninul Mnc{cr r inrclprcrat trsedir, pc ca* ojuclsecenNaacto Ncoplolcmoslaj@urilttuousulcftonafo$asasi lFilip,agelemactdorenild )si,ingcndal,asut'3,c.{ui gcn dc spdrcole h Roma, L Fr:cdl@Dder, Dnre/u,!.,als .ld SjtterCesctithtc Rms in dat Zan va AryNDs bls 2ur1Aus9ans tcx altonjhc,Trn\te aun h.s von O. Wissowa,II

28.,,Arta carc. ldcQ c subJrleLersl Muuscril.lcpodi: i t€ irorrcLid,ceeaenuparclido.atoeloslsilngscc

rdlL! &i dplovid (rf.platon. Rq,.,Ilr tgs a, ";

u:i". i"

iubrui) h inreterut mcrlu rt rcmnnutu,. r rn!] -tr

d, i;d! ri, d r!i atrh\o.i. o $(c,,,,,.l",.fiffiida,,,";,"r\r,d! ratl4 udopu €, r..aQuh0t, rx i.a6 rhiifin,: .rcs nuncri. rFtu ierponm $nsm1,

"u unu

"u,;i" o *"-

celuned.sitabetunsisi(une,dc rinpi lo.resi de no drhiArrp rnQ ne(ei i,dd?o qn"btrre.., d.d,.. u,;i r,"i\ \prcn: l i rn i r i ldr ! { tbcgefnr, .qucl ecmedoLl.rdrnIer,

onc.!hr Jppt,." ud mur n,cn! L_Let lumo,l:rr Jh,

' pr i, rtme fu. u,iio rt

"-_ , tu t, **;,-,rmi i rc r0htsdt i lcrr^"rp ot Cr !Bi l i rn i rdfe! ."

4tur l r t r . t , l40rm.l L€ r t t rdu

sfreorali in tuxr Dupii pilda Inr ucb.Neg. cd Drai nrutrjednoiWni 6bn ovaNd trdrio. cde riptcec dih veniuncl

29 i,crrinrc sjmplc ([d]or< +L\oi<). E vorbr donroz: i up rilir.u fu!.: d.ftrb dc corln\ cr,,vitrbtrc

t o ' r ' ! -apo, ( / l r /d

-yf\.rn&ret , B$rm t9l5),|.r )qo, cf ptiin 6!4:,r\,

Koi liy iuord/ rai r; rarp.,, i ro rr il rdlor yiy,w ,fd

^{nd[.vo y] _.dc n 3jn@l{)ozio ,nqlodia, rnnul si mtuln

css rl!]!rlr! sdMLurillqtelD!mr f . i . iJ /uyu!o. r !yro4L

nuodr ar'!!u!0. e o !niicdud I jr R$4i]5, !oir rmdi Lrctadue(r a€bi si lnaniD adopktn dc cdnorj. car pnvcse nbca!c c@ o e\primi. lipsr nDci dctrunii cdhlnc dcoDobiviiprc.rucliitor liteiare in ptuzi rj io veru.i, cudenrn obs;t.j,in!rr: r'mhr Acmaidp!.edj un ?\etuie: kmcn ii ctr!trnbrt

l0 Mim I unr sorrnu-r t r \ \ i r rhus s{xbn\ r:9u:l!t.d!( !!!:!lrrj:!r t'r da Jnnito. reacEi r iaru,ja!4.trdod, rri su' Jeob oud,r,,ra"r.,," n;-d;;;b;.,*'*"i1H;;-;"#tli#1fi #Hl jii:1,liou suntedbtr Lr! celrst(4b.t canrrc ncrte,orurtnrm,r4. vor. I (Bcdro. t 39r), compton a" oc-i"mnt . s,,"r"nc'tuh coaich,:iiak \|.1912 c)

",titi",n, .uol

" "_", " r";

Ae$5ll'Jm Olivier, I ,/l' ,,a.,.r dcllx camedi, !nc| e t tn inan!tzs). t tkc tuta Mtpt o." . , , r "p,r , . i , r : r 1.r . ,

r!!ir LXl,t9li.pp :l-t2.vft inlrrenutpubh.ar\leMcJcdNoAr\ iCttu Jno \ret i , .srd, tbhdnLt l Ftotos,rCiastrJx, 1933. D.ltQ). Probtencb pu*,t"

"po;ti,.ia" a-.,ra.,

ecnnltri,ni raponuibrricu comedii,su{ rdare dc F Bcnini_

COMENIARIU LA POE?iCA I ]4,?/ 1,

srudi sDr DDo, Pisa, 1915j cl Mclina Pinro Cobnbo, rrtDo drSoroe e dl [email protected], Fircnzc, 193,1.

l l . . . l r ia log' i soc.a c i " . Sf t jc i i d l { l .g4c, de l . lDlhi.edn.s.uicl.f olrto alc lui Plaion .i rld ahor dii.ipoli ri.,lil07.ttrltridcsc!l|:. DnpinncitaiptnmrdeDiogenc Lcnios(pod'cdindiai.gu! n!pi n.Ll]',;y),fi jud.c,Esrasirftu!ui gcrllse i snuat ld cal jumti" n'E nrodudiile pftrice si prczrobisnuiti:6rloi n AAororilr< rrjv ,,iv xo'ya! i6?dv arrroiiiia-(tu1i noujlqro( .iyaL xai r<o0 rdrou(ll124,3?).Null.iomcdc mnic va ti pomnit dd acpin cxeleDtl. dtu]qii Itain.aplui a cl1fli inta$igcntl izgonM.,inil4it dio Cctmca dcsrriirsiti. lntentrn rsciprr,in dicecu, elnvechj. c!'n se poare deducc ditrr'o 3ilzic r lui ALhenais.Il505D:-orrrpov trFdl\Iuv lai rirv NArr*ijy noirovGcil.Plrbn),'nrd. 6i roi< &aldlDu< rr[rr(i]< ypd!id<, ;y ri<l6id< orj6 o'ird<.tp.ri< €oflr (,,izgodnd din $atul idcal pcHoncr si rrErgr pczie inirativi, Plabn r !t:ns c1 iNil dhros'dc caddd imilati!, firi r trver macar merirur de a I fo* nrscoci-

lnl.himiicouid,tu'cnomon . 1962,p. rtr:,,on lhc pur€lypolcnlodl lcvcl thc P.cljd tdns on ro bc a vcry clcvr piccc olwork iDdced Ansode\ nost dn.c. rh $ ar Plato is bk wrtysugge$ion that Sor.tic dia[su.s {e much ttrl} peric thmnomimetc vese, srch a5 thar.f Eq cdoslcs. Evcn horc Arniodcdoes not mcnlion Phio bt nmc, bul obviouJt ao onndox menb,-r ol thc Acadcmy could nor have helped bur rcad this, mdinded rrs etrtir e$.y, as a tclli4 xnd poinrcd chaltcn8e to itcftasrclslamousrejeciionof poet.y DeseDeni,K.Gdd,ln,.Hemel.XCII, 1964.pp. 125-123.

15.. ,Nu tcnrru id i r { l ia pc carc o s i iver icsc'G'lx da erd rirr tst[ro,y noLrrd<).Pocranindintrhimeieser![ riIro,< (144? a 15: 1451 6 23-30). :in!r a.cla so rrt0vrudnioi dc numclc dc pocl cdo sivar$ic cu rdcviidi onnnalc. Irditcrcnr dacii in vc$!n {ca Ha,remo4 aci poncnn) or

D.M PIPPIDI

in ptuzi. solron i xcnarhos. ReviE a splF cil aievrlraralnr. tru-i lc!4lr dc v.rs. cun avca s o dNcdu$r htil *nlri!i-une.iodi alitcrturii ri olhnlvdti. peni a$izi,tcomlicicn, cuvrT.iai rtrbiectulu' .,L.spr6riotrcrru5!s!.! noi alrincnrc si

. ta fstr!4!tsr.!:! Icnjolo, ilpocttuc dd lilosolare Os alta dtrrinzionc. 1otrdxd sdlrdistitrzlonelisic.deisudi dicolariedelle lorcrffjecolloczrnr.cdelle loio ssquellc di nhi c mctri.non mera e non Dni' mriDenarc ad:ro; dsulbto,;ii d'i;na ome Fr osni J'n delclomc di cspressnre che v6ni.no F$m,lo in dtmin!: tc qtrdi

tano i nedesidi suodi, lcmc{icsiDe lomc /i collocazioni c di scquelc, o solo labili edillu*trio diff.rctrze j e cn.a h dificrce dellrpmsr{icalrquc{lotrc ii pop.siro si pub dift chc sirru'hbcll 'c temir ah sin {tr qnrDdo Arirblclo ne ad.lira l i0 s D$kr.ize .o$odando chc vi $no tilosolie in dxcoro lcgai.. mcriro cpoesic i tr dis. o*o scnntu i nc d $aro po$ibile, nci tDpi nodcrni,npiSlrdr mi con qnrlchc lchniL di ritovmenti (B.Crc.e.r,

l3.Enpcdoclc di . Ac rr gent ( insjc i l ia) . r inorr 'nvcacul al v-lea.rutor.l unl|ipocm{iinrili..n€oi 4,nd€b<,fl alaxuirmi$io,ft8dpB.i FncmenrclclaDicls,Fzsr.d.yo,ft.,Ir,pp.l03 r'71 Cf si Erorc Bign.ne, EDpedr./c, Toino, 1916.

l9 ,,Naturalist, (Qu,Lo[d-y.y |rarror i r4r'ri/).Pirercimpini ,n i is idePlaron(T, lc,cr ,152c)sidcPtutrrh.Dcad,lpct^,16c rd t Ern.60rl\ioG inl rdi nop[.yi6.!(oi oDraKd NLrdr6ro! oi lyuroro-yidr o.dlyr6d< r;rdr( tdL.(x!rFivor ro!d no,rrrn< rd Iarpoy Kni rdyiyrev, lla rd n<iv 6ndilou/(,.vcsunbluiEmpcdoclc)iParmenide. oi poemul lui Niclnd()\ dcspr Iirc,ori invirift unlch'i Theogris.sunr coD,Dunericc n !u din l.c7ic..dccir metdsicnfurn,cu ajulon drmn se siresc si erit6 plalnudiic!.).Cl hct..lrsr dn, , IL 12 3: 'Empcinrer p@rrs n inrer pbirosophd ncrcs, qdn dc rcrum mrukucn'bus soripsi" (iEnpcdmlc, p€ cri€ nu rtii de r.bnie si-l

COMENT RLU LA POEIICA I 1117 b-ll l14R )

nuderi piDre pocb on printc fibhti. demEce r scis tlcspre

2l.Hrircnor Pettrsic dinvc..ul rllv lea Putinclcsin d6lrc cl sunr rdnMiedcDicteiich. tn RE.Ill202s (ct acumsi L. Cmpo, l drann; r.rirslri delk c.d.ri, p. 35). Cabv,tragmerte rre Ccrfrrrut!1, itr Na(k. Tngi6.ht Grt{dnnFnenentl,w 13A-1a5. _,. .ii

26.,.roczi! non,Iof ,.N.ntuyu\c u}jt411.!sLc-:l1l

9rl!bqEf:-c:4-d$r!3le cm{r (n ti Jc rdrlnult!.t .nru m, ictrr- !L\ .d\n mr r r e\e. t r r (D{onnr im.rnocflaut sru chihi. C{ddcnl lui eLisos cxplic, Dufrcrortclc rcguli

5j prcsciptii al ctuor lbicd erx.5i aesica ntrmclc Dt crrci podr:vuro( inean.a i 'u.aJdr. . . lece.dahnr.Pcnurnt 'unkcf ctrr. Dc cnnd€.N,Do\;Fd';i tnt'n"

'tt. ansht

dctk Lqtdit ed ali rqei,N^t t1.1936,pp.l19 l4n

I I

1., . lmir t oaneni in a{ iunc (rL[0i ivrdr ol 1143aA,lun! Llin qele rcidiltrn'e inh

:h 'nunrc 'mrir 'c ' r1417:rr) t ; ;mtr inr ." ; ; . ; r -mbropoerie 'pd$iajc l' 4tium_ (in-!r!&{g!4jq!l4o!. RcP.x 603 c, penh oarc dtlle imtativc indcobee n'au drl mnrc:npdrro/rd< d:vo0dro!< sri<ird' ir rqrtnF0,Msbel,tumi

rtr,.!h ilorfr: !rollenr.b"i.; ";i;Gffi.ar"ri,r m;h,

krr unei{r u i c r mrrcicdurLr!sr \ l r5e\c ( ta50b3 4)MqfilnlrE'r tu;;tu snR r\t;o;n"

-* "d d.-L

'p'.lumca liDnfficl a crdonlu,, spre llpt na1 curand dcci sFccimtid (iftuc&,.ii ldicica si .ctcriciro0 decnrs din lilpb_,.ninin cap. VI 1,150 a 17 I 3), sptu ncp.r$nali7are mri c dind dc..Arspre .exprimdea in numc propriu (laa,0a6).caumto,Lipsa

D.M. PIPPIDI COMENTARru TA POET:ICA II I,1'8 JdnDlatrul Ludlriiaurcidspinni sp€oalinchinftepmTicillri.cn a.e de ce si ne \urlnind; (Th. comprz, td pc,s.,^- Jc laGa..,trd ReFFn4vol.m.hnsinnc'P.tris,r9r0,pp..r42 r46iRonagni,LP.eit t,ru LXXV-LXXIX).Ed&dcpnsos\lncitrchipuin ci ltrnl ci :tr fi fon ln pdea pidd$i { lu&lrii. cnm edc pn$s si presnpunem ci llpsa s ff fj d{uind .dicicnrlui ,.dcidrilrarc al tdrrului. conceput cr o @rcebr a gcnuilor cclord.i gn$dc in vcacul,l lv rea (R Lgrrnii, !, ttrrn: Ji Arirorc/c.p. t42). Asupripurinci lniciriiti apoe/ieigreetri indeobne, inopoziJie cu poczia lalinii n.u cermodcmi,cr R.{.8d, P@!r.(icsrcrLrdrrricr..Riv diFnolosir",N.S.v, I923,pp. 1-23ticeDia geca e eetio ttuna rclt pms;?,rlrd,vll. 1929,p.305!rm. (mbcre iclplrirc ir volunul cksnci.i c spinb n tJ.no.

2, ,v i r rnos, ol pIcn!or i" ( ! ro!6qiou. i ] oanrou.) .cf. clr.!., 3, r0 b 3 si inre$ftir€a rui s.H. Butchcr, irisrorl.:Thcoty 01 Prety tnd FiDe an,p 22a ti ltn.

5loiyEnoros din Thr s o\ , pdnor in .nnpul rlzboaiclor ncdicc. Ponenit de A$bbr tD crp.vr 1450a27!c&'crlirlliluhind.,pidordocmclcrc_(dlo0ij<rr001,pd{.<)t i l t rPor.Vl l l (V)5, l3- t r r37p3nhlruDustcrmodererd &i !L1rl,; flaJourc< B(oFir roij< yious, arld r,;noru./vdrou ni €i rLl ;lxo4

'nr YF4io/ il rLiiy

,llarlLar.r0r'iy tol,r i0'r,j<(.,truolcrlclui PausoDtcbuicsisc &prindl a le pnvt tineiii, ci p. ale lui PolygnoG, sau aleoricirui ru picto. sru scurlJ'or ncnc' in todau cdrcrscroD.AsuFr opmi lui. ni seneral. cf. C. M€auns, ,cs .lc1*r,1.uvE detapen'tue ertcquc,PLti\,1939,rtp. l2 -,11 !i 47, uodc $ incc{cito*plicxd.rbmennlujl'0'|o,<

6.Fxuson din Er.s.m l i idrdcdlrOccclcnrul .a l rsarni trmi-i n,ima trnd ncindunt zuslv rl realnllii, iD aspecEle-icel. nii purin c&cuntice (cr. cihrul din Porr.r. rq rcdur n'

7 l : r ionysios din Cololon, cortehporxn cuPolysnotos Despr e1 scnc Plinid cc1 BItiitr, N,1. H;sr. XXIVll3:,.Di.nyens oiliil aliud qra'n bomines pinit. ob idamhoDqrapho\ cosNnird0l (,.D. tr+ plcrd alrcva duoe! d-mni. din cm priciDt. $ lon po*cln zu!tuvtrldc-(hcni ).

l l. Clc oIon, scnitor arbiDtcri ndalnidc.p )aXI 1,153!20.penhstilulslucomun.Doileurulsrelasicuomonimul ponenitdebxiconul Sudrprinhpctiiiragici. c aNv.ic dc spur Oricun. trune r rinat de lr el !ici un

12.Hcgcnor 'r'hasiatrrl si a pchcdl virh 1a Alcna,itrrdourjum{lllea*c al v lea (Aihen.. lx 406 !n ri xv 692:cf. a. Kiidc in RE, vll, 2595-2596 !l L. Rober, REC. XLLY,1936, p. 254). Ctrm inlormtiilc nortc tro lni dci o indoiili ciauiori tu genul burlssc au exisirt deAriMotcl nui pur€ ign.rq pctrin r cxflica iidul do ,,trlscmnoa'p. cdc i-1 atibuic rciul rftbuic si ptosupuncm ci vd li los ccl

13 . ,Nicoharcs. aurornl Dei l iadei . indoielnic,dri mtrl si rcclad auro l dc concdii Ni.ohrcs,lcciod luiFiloD6, cotuD0.rm cu Aristofr (Ktk, cmicnm At icm&agDcdd L p.770 nnn). iudccend dlti mtu$ opcei tc @ i'oatibuicAi$drcl,naiEdbabilcvo$adcalt.incvr. A{rd<('C4$dea l'icotilof . sru ,ia c€va) e leciiutrer nanusciisuluiPdisinus l74l, prcLdbiu, pentfl intentia prodistict pc cdc o6cunde. vrrrdei

^rrLd. (,,Poem

Dclioj )olcnddccclcllltmnusqisc.

CsElveto E vorbr 'le

un poer conh mponn cu Aris rotel, aulord. ,ont dc Forfi .ilidt, cu coi p0lin i'tcrcs.nli: roLrrirNxorp,ijy rd[oy,ouni 3c spunc inr uD lftgncnr d lui Finiasdin Eresos (FrasD. ,eisror. cft..., II 2ee Muellet, in acen

ar' ID.M PIPI]DI

15. T,morh.os din Mi er pare s l I i t i i i inkc rnLi450-:l6lJ,_.n Auror dB nomi si dc dilnrnbi. conpozittr \irlomdor huziorl di', cci

'nri indrizn€ri, fiima 1ui pnntF

conreDrporrncramm(.LAni,Md,P,r'.I l0,9q1b15,.i livldp 'f,s;6€o< [i triv.ro. roMiv€ixor.v) si. judec!trd dup, lngncnrclc .juisc piDi r, troi,indreptilrti. Pre&x inkc rodc c lurgul ftagnenr din nomd,DL^_jtdc{oD6ir ltr 1902 int !n momint din AbNn,pe!tr papr dinvrmoclctrieici (cdnd dcwila'no*itz lvloellendorff, lxiprig,tt)01= Dicttt, ADthol. Lttitt Gtr.u. II l) Asupn lu' 1'mothos.in gcrcial.rehnglrrudn lui w amovitz,cxrcl'ecdccdiliacitali.semaip.rrcvcncaPicklrd Cmbridgc,.p lrrd.,Dp.6ft3:asupru ,.rvoluriei murcalc sivirsitc dc el, Cano Del Grandc,li?Esriorc ,i!ri.,L lotpr, !D.i pp. 9199i a*'pE emethmrxi t.gnctrrclor,rcrrsi3trtr, Pesja emcti.x nclln Gteirrrtta, Nxpoli, 1937. pp 53 n3. Trchuic dc rscnen' rcrinutiiinformalia adusi deo nrscnphc .noifict publicdil dc cndnd(O.Bronccf,,.Hcap.it.l95r,pf.l92 L9sl,dupllcxt ii.llinscc ll c n buciri din olcrlc lui Tinotheos h.crtr pdc dnrepenorjDl unoraiin' inin'ncntirri.cft lc citrrau 0e omuzic,noui. corpusll pcfttr crum$anra, K La(c,in.Ennol, Lll,1951,pp.125 127;J 5i I - .Rob.n, in, .Rcv d6&.s€cqKr",LXvl l . l95r,nr. l t l ! LxVlI , 1955. i r .995i 196

15. Fi l .xcnos d1n cytherr (436/5 330/79). .otr .remp.rrn s cmul Lui Timorhcos ca sutor de nom' n dilimnibo8$I. P!! clcinLlmtii dcspr cl.la Plck.rd.C0mbridge.

l3 ,.Nr7uind (RoLir€rr, Ntr firr dcpr,rc. poarc,ctrdcnan (p 103) prc\uNnc dl3legerea cuv:inrului r a$unde onuinr indircctilrrdlcs tili.ilurin$naii do FDriPIde.pentrucerasddiri..erarm,linnldaonorcrci..mai huni dcrilErlitarcr.lnscnspohriic,*p.rrcx'liftci(N re.toncdi.no ).Lxre*is[. i]icdr si a d. r mr urmitu innlex uior ps{rujc , mai rlc

COMENIAXru lA POFrc,l lt talNa-|tt 1413 )

J(nK ! llir>r{,{Ll. ! rc?ilee I,tr^ ' . r r . r rc:g9r.o nur i . i \ . , r . Ld rd4,Taoj . r . rc

J6ptocom!,lic in\lL!bn!, ,r.i nri LrepIr Apr id'.e e ll).

III

l9 20.,Dupr chipur cu,n te s lvartet te in i .rrlia (rr< i{doro ronroy rqridcrro a'r

'().Desraa.csria rela deosebiE in{eruire i'.irqiei (dq ! &elc dc obicctsiJcDiloacc),amavurp ejd sr vorbesc It Lro.tuer, p I6rm.

a proDusr de Platon. Re? . nI392 a 394 d, dr suhriDnnd se,nniicara n,riclpnDzitode !

trc] iniratiuDh qdod Ctucci damaricon ucl nnriic.n appellani.in quo p€6or3c loqucdres indoducct .onoedi!. labohe d priha Bu.olicon. rur cmmtiuum quodGtuci cxcgcturi.on ucl @.!gcui.on rppcrrani, in qro poeta ipseloquitor sine ullius pefoMe inrdloutionc. ut e Mbcnr tcr libriCeo4ici et prs Fim qudi, ncnLudd cMina, nur comDu.etrcl ni{tun, qtud Giccc roydy u.lurrdr di.irur,nquolEhipsc lo'tunrcr pcison.cr0qDnrcs mkoducunrur, ur esrscril)lrI l ia!rOLlys JHomrdrrA.n. vcrg ' l (€r ' ern , l { t rs ' ioucbc \m'r.' d Jcli, \ru ,nna! \ . De c1r sa.nTni-disa_d,,ffiir"" ."" ,"*rr.." ".-. * "rrs-, r-, *.vuhind, m il.ljrgedii si conedi' sau ir p.ina bucolicn+I'ivse,h.( riDq,u.on . n dffirb.sr omrul nncr.r:dn rofl,er\cu.u' drcp*-,".. r

" r-.ri ,i.ifr ,k 6.,;tre/tr! m |.' i.

j$nirrar. a celci dr . p!ra. on in ptumrl lui Lrrhur @rromnl

D,M P]PPIDI

\uci!.n! nlcic rdvLi, \duuu:n i , , l u i . r , , ,*^ ." . , - , . " ' . :h ' : : .h l

-fi ;;a !A;;, hili--*."-Ecrdrr{ivureiriu ) (caDl*,1 423Keil).AlErextelali0e ji g€cerriasupnsnbiccrtrltr',laJ. kyser, Dc ucrcfln dcpocrjui, pp. 10 l3

22.,PistrAndu si propr i r indiv idual i r . . ! ( i<

'dr a,i,dr rdi !i r.rd0dl\dvr') E prndulunde Arnrod sc

dcoscbc( dc Plaon, h ehii cintri! singurc 4clc vlricrili dc tczc,ooL' ! r . . r t rk le i .arornnurrubr Drood\rrurbLA(;

-. "i'" *' *"-,i."

".i"ar 'it -^i. uo"l- r,u

ii;tr; "

d.; trn.n"i .-;, dnLru,i.;,,; r.',rn<.rorro(cJ€ kL r o'rlroL.

y€]ovui4 ri! (.idro!pocttrliu\ rrrscundcn'c'dccnm,pmT'asnararia lu, 11, cu (o1ul lipsircdc imn4lc") (R.f,IIl3el c clPipp\ni, F.narcx ltLtat lirdar. in ,nr?ri.,r.. p. 5:l unn)VtoLlric de seinMlat. de p€ rum, e ci Arisrorcl cl inv'i prc . suapropiadcpun(ul dc vcdcrc reprezetrtrr dePlaton,aiuncl candscicatriv ytp 6.i riv roLrrirv il\dxLora \ir.v 0i ydp?drl rorrj rdiird Nuri< (XXM46O r6 3) in ftJildc,conradidia c trumd aDa@nrl ccca cc sccxpnniir acendi.urniircrr i .udcinniGtiaDxntivr(platricr 6'ri-yi)oG)n afi tl er imiralic, c, vcchca convinlcE a Stlgnifutui dcsprer'nndn* cpolEii .u taged'r (rn.,nolrilc rpmziei)siprcdilccrirluih{.udsidpentrup@meledecdlcrer DBunpinib drxnabc. Cl. laudels adu sc ld H omcr, incontinudr rilnduilofubia €pNdusc, pcnttr Dcrttrl dc r nu vorb'prer inultin rumc proprir Gr alti poeri...ce tru hc deci! tl sescoariii,i na'!ciLrlveru :oir.i lLiv 6, aroudlrvilovrdL),ci.,dupiointoduccrcdccllrcva v(rbc.pc&ri1ptrNi'r sccnrunbi1rbx.,o reNic. ori vrcun,llpdsooaj":'iriyd 4iF!'Laodrao.€Ltoijr .ioiir( nr6pa i }!'c;o ji l;IIo n

't"oo< (Lxlv r4dl

2li,,Dramc . lntuti.dupilcNspdroft veii dolr6!;,(dc ii,nctri fus:i h nidoirli) c conploNi dc ,^nsor.l !tr

COMENTARIU LA POE]'/(A I,II ] ].'I T

I'rlonnxtrcl,i,rzilclclui.ctimololincrcirallidc..Joncni (rtrbtrccrdil vlel n\dica!e wilamowiLrclcin(i la Cuna c di.ului cotrtenD.rm Dieuchdas dinMcgrn: cuden,an,p. I I l,ecandcicllCh.nc$)crodovldl.obiniici r.arhc 5 tagcdici (u llas b I 2). lD .e pnrciccmrcrcnd ctrvirrului.o n g!lorsil(.31'$ Revicw.v,lv,1900,p 333um.)!lovcdircifolorircxhri I scnibii .rici nu i plea rlspand,_n poezie. Ongi.ea lui doncit po[c li dlr.onsidentl ca I rob$il]1.ti scsasre pmbrbihrale c inririri dc nuhirul considd.bil ded.risftc rflil!(irc in Frlilc liLio rlc heedi'lor rjnNe pini la no.,,Acudinely scncPic*ard-Cmbndgc.,)p dr,D 148-iisonxobc,rtleas.reasonrblyprobrblcrh.tsomcolthclcdttrcsorrhchneultgc d Adc t'ecdy rc €iplicon rhe vholc.shcn sc put the vri

Ilan clrnn b have in $m. scnsc ,rilindcd t.g4y b..ones atrcxiFmoly likcly hypaihcsn .

3l *McC.r ietr i i d in 0rrr . r l .c t r lu" Dinclcc ' rcontjncnhu rrccizdcr slDj e$c s [- i deoscL- i \ N I dc n'cs$i sr iidin Sicilia Desp.e,_nsennlhcrrcoiciindicatiipcrh drhreaArr'ci. .m D.Deri ii .Lmd,.er, p. l5.

3l 32. . ,Pc vromc{ card la ei e ia c i rmuLre denocratici .Dnpiaiungmad ndrLiThcdlcno\,sprcdifsittrlvcrului aL vII'I.a. Petuu rnrnunb .c.c\at:1,lLianc E eL\re I:Des anqines xu\ lucncs nt11iqa6. Pans,1925, p.323 unn :H. Bctrglsotr, Gde.r6.re carrri,tc ra d.n tuttnlch bis ih djerdnncficiadn.zcn.MtNhcn. 1950,pp l0r, I 10.

:rl Ep,hrrn Ptrdnclcmiinuriip'rriscrcfc'ibaicl!vialai actiliurca lli E ihrnnrc$uncilnsi|dGeron(485 -1711ir n ) si Hierci (473-467 r'! tr ). - f@leti maiiiaifu ,da.!annnara lu Anitr ri pon dL Hi.r idcs c inrcnr iari (vezi nola urnllbr rcl Iltnperlir prob$il ci o llnc r a(ivirllrlyblrir. dc vrcnr cc tlLdiria al ciirui c..tr $ rtr.c rutod a,er.e,

rY i

D M IIPIII)I COMINIARIU Lt\ PUFIILA lll t413 r

atibua 'ncsaierilor

nenrl do r n nl(ocit conedir Si lc v(ncG reslx ti I rveMicau $ pe urul din {i nr (Nlclra Hybla abn dishsi de Gelon in 481 ir.n ) o drolic animlirl r tr,$reL.r pnvrbarc rr biognrir plErrltri. o o, iA r l emcnrclor$ otictLrlto cririci . rccrtri g1asnou,,ecnli' comuns dena vih di lud1 i Bion (cun se exprihil Mclin.PDro colonbo. r! ct., p 7?).inopcndomainulreoric arirluili.kardcambridse.pp 35r,1E AsnprupLclnfDlocourihcndirceE ifi-o scric irhaei dc lnsmcnb tuozoti.c xtihune

invrrrruiiDihg.nc€,Rosragd,rEtba di Pii!!o.a.pp.1 a2;E. Zcllcr - R. Mondolb. k /ilosonx dej Ge.t net su. sritupp.sbrm.Prtcl,vol.n(F,mzc,lql$).pp.Il8-321.Defrcarevarngncnrc r{cu dcsc.pn.c. crre intclcsc ctrnoeiDtclc nomtcpnvirorrcra adivnrbapocrului,senz phjtoloEi.x Aditantanr.

33.H ion i lcs In $rmrr ror i t i b ioEral ic i pe carc ioimhina.suda11]midcspn fi ioiidcs crarri ietitnrvriSrbrrx rn

vinlc.in,133/3? sau 43?/36 i ci.34.M as nes fi gurcrTicrirrilgilror (pcih anul 4]312

l.e tr.)iniisdiptialGll9TTkdar.t.observadileluiC.kaibcl,lrAd. wilhelm, urrundc, dfiDrrs.nr Aultnhtunecn jti Ather,

34.Jar cu k.eedir , t rn i i do.ccudcman,p ll3,mnccidesru\iH' rfi raroculeimi.lilndcllinrcn,pc nsrsur f,.esc ,rl deiro, obLectiaru 0iisen,rc.onvin.gitoue exe,nplele de coNoctii nanealc $rnl prcr n umcoas inPoct.! -Maigrc0 d. sptrs c la cc sc va fi lindir Arndcl.ponrnind flclcnliilc JoricniLor din Pcloponcz. Poalc la radiriacrc fibu,a lui

^.on (si. pnn unnm. mxnicnlot dmfta de I

ficompscoadiotiitasqlrl(sudrsv, npior ril.aL roir@ruoir 4.irou.nFrn<. cl.JornncsD,rcoNs,c.,,,errtr,g..moscr.r...Rhc,n. Mus Lxnl, 19011, | 150: 1n4 6i

Mrouryoid< iioilq1d,ir i! !dr!/ iy rri. irrrpddoIi' ( F,]\€].io,< r6i6"!e.Mr prob$it. tr sptrsclc cclorcB sus!ncrtrcri{ctrrr.I sik]or.. r , t r I .u) \ .L jo.u. , . . . . ! , . .{ir.;r[a .L :r.riho, tri!)y ri! 'a6prfro! Qi iij nodq ]oio.a aLiro'i rpalkoitr, {opoio' iripiqoy, rd! siy ALdyu'oy

oi, rqriyri<, riy 6i -a6!1dror ..sicyonieniicnxrcrDpcAdieosl'r fcLsichip.cinrindu,sisurenDFbitrcoffihsc PcDionls.siul divcau, df ir srivcxn po AdrNos (He.od. v 67.ct si- r { r i " 'nsuJ,

, nllscoctoi rl trS.diclinpcsornalui Epicen.t.lca.eanidirtr.nilkad'tie.sii\r\t,c.i3 p.rcxrulluHerodorr6irrrmdu5.\cntumo'azi ip.rcza dul ii lrrc raeer r aftdes0d'sdinlocunrctu ' b. . t r , r e. ,J ' f l , . , co. t rdsFndnii in GEcia acnlruluiltriDioiysos, r care mtrilitriu

nnutsrtr pctrku inGja oalr dcwillian Rldgcsry ( ?/'c o'lrn d Tfl glttt with spccirt Reteffircn, ofter Trl3ed.rr. crmbridlc.l9tl)). ii uLritu jumilat dslcacrludlpcrodi.,currcufre c no,de o nnrxgli sdic dcitrvIt4il\{.P.N s.nj Der UJira,rg dcr Tnrsaid;., in,,N.0c Jbbr.kras Arc4un,,y\tvx, r9t t,lp 609-696=opus.ulrr./.cQ,r,Lund.l95r,tD.6t 1,15 iCdo DeL C{ddu. Lk,no rlJ. o.rg,n'./.Ir r?gc'tu , Nrpoli. 1t36, pJ) rr15 (!t.. dc accrrs:TPA|nI IA Er!.,7, e 3er.J Jclft r"sedd. Nr ti,1962 si.

I f r h o,r i . . , . , ,1 i l -p, , . t , h--rdne v.rn. , ,n,4 L.r^-rrd ' E". .p <: t rT, . t t - ' \ ' , , , , . , ,J, ,J,

l t . , . t . t , " , , t . . v. r .8. . . J.n. . / . o. . , i , r . , . .n. . 4. , . . .I .h,J/'rr, ,"d qr ' l ,p 3 : ,-1 pi l . l : i . - r ' i , { , 'n iu\ k. r I L i . -

' . , - ! r . nn-

Ju.trr F i . r r ' . r ;d:n r . . ! -e.r ' d, l i -

-na 6rii3!nic. ci d.a6o t. ptuhlimc Lre son noqd.nrtrr u,r

n. . . , . . , L, , . , io4JDn.LUL.Etenlcnt haLta:.! ia^ .rluurr. ..Rcv d$ tLlgrecqucr..

LXVI. r95r,pp.3?7 395iH Jcrnn\dnc, r6il , pD 5O?-510ic F. Elsc, T ' . . 'g i r . l TpAror^rA,. .HDncs.. , LxXXv.r957. tp. l? -.16i R Canbdla,rDjonin di pilo c i prcedentiderdr,,nr34...o,'Acme".X, 1957, pp 2l-26 (lsupnaccleiasi prohremc..t. si T.B L webncr, in editia r _, d ci ii lniPicked crnbridec. Drny.,,'b, T.rgedy anlt Cnrcd!.A{o!t,1962.pp.3 4),rDsm6n.H Parzer.DieAnt nse det gtcchhchcn?lrBddte, WHhadcn. 1962

35.K 6 ! d r-ir.oncnoriu uilyprlcrG.lr,cxcDrlcnufrebas ale inftbulrFrii cuviinlului itr suroii arlci lac dovrd3cr, cerputin in sccotul al v-lcx,x!rIr on ta Aten! dc cncuhliecEmr. d&r1 du dr inblesut pc @ i-t aribuic arsbrct, ccl purincu accra de ,.catrid pcriteric, Dahrh" (cr. arinora., t/rbd, 5).

37.,.Nu de la roNt&Lv" litmotqia bunr e tolutj [email protected] 6pAr Vczi.mn sus,mk t.l.t43r2B

IV5 . ,Anerdoni c!uzc t i resr i . Cnn sa r f lar in

I'balucelc, p. 36 un.. simptrcnmlrft a ,ce$ei .tuacGrnriciicprcz il,dinparbrlui Arnrolct,oluaiedepoziricimponivadslndelor Dentu cdc hrul pmric cra rje ud dd al cerutui, ficumara uneicotr$itutii parolosic UD pas mi dcpane pe !.cddtcrrc va I frotin.ap.xvll (1.155 a 30 si urm.),utrdc prcruneadtati poeljlor €ndu.i<, ni conpararic cuceiaiorcrr0i.nu idecatlm{rca losicr rptrrdului dc v.dere artsd dci Pcnh rNarlcln! asupra desl$irilor cc si ru locul acolo. in do Fdeainkrlcra rorusi otorlra in crc se tituDozt AdeoEt li{r de plaronpdn rimpta alimFf a ,.r,ili'4,i facuuitii 0oedce. nrrmuruncsc str.ninresc riDdurjt. din Io, rtrduse i shcnrire

xnrororDiq rai r0, j< !dy1.o, ro ic o€ior4 iyc, i [ ( i<

COMENIARIU LA MLfICq IV 1113 h

ol diou'o!r . . . i6r i r€v, d 'L. i t o, i 'o, !1. iv 0i r . i r rc\ilDv':r oii,o norroi nfLa, oi< rcoc rii ndo(d(!. dlr de.t< dLrrd. iorLv 6 rilo/, 6Ln roLtro! 6i O0ilvaoL n|d<ljraq. (5ra.n) I&tcca.rc{aoriarircarlcle(apoi',s.12h{; l'lrrclr..2,l,1 a f i u .: Md,, 99 cili res., 719 c) o8hnGscu[vrgercr un.i nadonllit]4, acxpcnciplP.cri.c rdidc ca.lrcudicul rintt 3i lu An$okl, dlprFinshr. ntr liii od4rc condes.ndcnll ..dovdlr l"nFd. xmlsuriiir cale mi.bx rccc ti pllunzitoarc rld Arnolcl crr{rLni de zbodl sublirn al gcniuhi tlatoDic_ (Prt, tr .1dtrrird.rsci,e Pdd,'.,l;pzig. 1900, p 19l).+{rcmaio od..

imaE{siguddcstucaunnirdcvlrP.cacvidcDrD.ntu rnaiiiNblriat AsW psblenci.,iNpndici hPlaton.crsi.rlnDdiriilui ldlll d. Foene. in scnc l, cl Ff Stihlin. Dic Srer,Dg d.TPaesie )n dt pht rkche, PhitMphjc, Mnmhen, 1901i W Ch6eGcnc,Pl2rDt [email protected], in.,HxNrd srudies in Clls.fhilolog),xxlx, 1913,pp. 1-?5io coli4Pl.ro,.rlaPoistc,,.Rev.dcs Er. et.ques,xll, 1923,!D I 72r H G C ancr,P/,io,'d dr. ti.]]l.r, Fnnklun r. M, 1934i W.J. Vcrdcn'ur,zalo ' dr & loJsf , 'MncmosyN .Xl l ,1944,pp.113 150r id,Dct BcEtitl d{ Mania ii Pht ns PllrjdrJ,.,Arch f Ccs.h.derPhi losophic.)al lV.1962. lp. l l2 l50iJ.Ducho'nin,Phro,crJ'td,?!c & & po&.. REC, Lxvlll. 195i, pp L2 3?IP vicdrc,PlatoD cnittue tt&.n4Pfir, tg.t)

5. , ,Darul imi t r t ,c i ( r i IL[ . ioBa0 F] idnl ' lo iaE,c.rdi ridin caucle anunhrc. NeduDrcrnilc r'n@f cend c vorba

'lepftcizrL cdc e ea dc-a doua Dc h vBtor $i RnEr Phn lrByw&rI RoMgni,tujoin crconodatoriloiidinisictrdici r li,,plltocrca F crre odru imirariilc (rd xa+{v aoi<

sLpJi[doL riivra.),pomen1alaslirsitul Friordci Fclul loidcrvcdca ni se pre insi cu rriir ddi Duh pl.uzibjl cD cl (cum aadrro vahrcr, aeidg. zu r4rjsbr.rlr Ptr ,t p. LU) !e6d Prc!ins! caui nu i dccir rstecrBl prsiv rLcclci dnnai. hplcrd, cualri cxceql,I e caE ]o, avcaprileju

D.M ?IP!I1J] coMFNT,\Rlll LA POELIC4 Ml13 l)

dxrprclerhj rirdcarekrrccl(trevi{trdoua.au,iinr.,insnrruraln.rroisiatritmrlui , dninln i. ia&fl in fn\t$tc 20 21.

l . r l5 . .Lrc a.c.a so s i b(cur j " DcsFe i .enrsPcd .oglrv d rc$r. in rugr. nrr,hrrE e.| 42 mn Prlinsul rarionrnjcN drjbuirDrtviron,tuisc r.gi\c{.in t?/,er,l. I l. l:l?t bpr i { r i i i rvelrs is i rdni .ctuesc.radel .dcrcclrs j t tst i r re\clcpficuru,huni.{iick deaimni rc.iicv.rb.i.picrnrti.de sculpruri. do poczLe,.i indc.hrc dc.ricc bu'a rnir{io. sichrar dr!ii obrdul nrnht ntr c Drin cl lrrusi nti.n cid Dtitc,e;.usin,mod.l,ciin'erccti Lcltrurxic(imiilic)nrfi [scri]lcurrre(rcnr,depcurm.tiR.i,,ft ftecrcdarinrvtil.:rn.evr., (ir.i 6ird s(y8;'ny E i6; &i r; oa!d(ay rri r; aoLd6r

ilciruridindori .nrc(snpdcsi$ccuntrTeIdunr.na).drcxccpriav.isui,lo.dad ico.itcx€n,

indiv iJu!1. !1. l .er i I o r ". lr evoluria poczici . re nrrch r44! !ep!q!!!r!!rL.,iJEr rtr i Lr! !fLLr!J!!l!!r rQt ll! tlI !lt!,jt!rl,r.cede AJ(rot.l,d. nduknrnlirscdorilrr drilrlns riftiLrdi! urlu..dco{l,i"dujeinkcctupdDrlurft vupri" vnNc'(cumri *a stnrn,cap u 1143alJ),acer{ipnmidisdminiruuvcd si rih; ca rerullt oiefrrtr ltilcrrii r ..firiior ernrscGrrrJ laoL),dcopds,t1r, . I r i lord. i iDJ Gir(x iorqd).derlu. Chsincler opcrlor lirmrc dtrfii ..rlrurul ktr 6tc c c0Jcnr.1ldPl{otr(t g,vil3i0c.3l7 4vlll 8r3.: 7itur.r., l52e).Ideea

crarorsiopcr:.unroslindindn[urrnnidlx.eluilalr prcmullmai vc.h. oricunr,Ldc spaMiir,judc.iind duPli nflicllilhnerdepralc imbrit.trre Lr Ar{ofrn,ctL: nr \. stic5te si

' dcr oirL dyiroyr!n.rid uri

ini orrr) !uir.,, dlu

ro r . rqqfudr, ;dn+ r ! .+!rr jroLl f r r i , L, i nd? t ; ! . i

i8J oiri r; pqrrr[;y!r oi !;ror [ !7!rr . ro,Ly d,r r0]ro

'nlsii0 nrs\{rri Fre!rciii{ril

r f tn,o, ;0! roy0!k0 rL oualr0iya)2lEl . .Drrr l r rm.tr ic i s i r l r i rDin oi" rD.

ponrD!! rc.nu' d3r. kr 3rr dc lnesc ca rccr Ll rmiu!iei.ruses. *mnnllr inrnft dc A,nd.ld.t hbn (14.,65t d.66.1e. 3r6 r Cf. Sr ih l i ' r_ op .r . Dp. l l ! | l i wi l t r jnowoMocr.rdorfl.Pftbn.Ir.Bdin.lezo.p.r0N) i,run,ti,rv siIicsubliiitrrildeA

^'n.nrlq,dpinrlntrdnlLuFilodrnr:OJo(Lr0i< driturokj ttrqLirao iloruij raodne tr4q!ic8rou. rry FF4'iy i, i rji< ui6ijq rrr dts,rrnrouroro{i,Fhso,.(rcNeo.arr.lsib: ih.1.]jc cedk 1tu., Fn 4ak , R$jn, r92:t. p l5|) Fugm hc.tiuru dc crE scniv,rr,ri.cvcitr t.rLru trtl{t.sti m nNcls rsn]'i frDrduicti.nro!lrii shgnituhi,a.ersrL oi I doui lrrici,r:i g.!cdore r pmzj.jrr {cn se's.swtrdx. r_ crtcrqrcl1,s/c.p,19r 8r rchsj.D

t6 rrAh.!sL.rr . l ) 69i3r!rxm p rr$

xpi l,ir ronijr dviF npi< rd 6rdltrtra 6.i no€iv, nd< ioirrd roija rrdro!< ixnvArr'nq

'rvorki ir noi 111 6pdrora.

rso! . icr 6. i r l i i / r ioro, rd rnl i r { ll,,Sc cidc * Felul si ia rmint lx dnn.lc p! .d 1c prlircirc siri-\i p.lriveascipuninbdupleLe A{lil,drcli 0nul rricdstricaLc cinrl]eromjeMr]cnrci.fiidaJin tuftirire acBnorr': Thesnnth. 149 152. Ct Actbt?,.410 113). Fnr! r cidea in tccrd enoNrt,S!rb. arexsi dcrid.ii ce rc intcucrzi ocxprc!ic l3d'dri,sonn .int urtrldinprimclccatltolc dccco!tu ct{I2,5):.,\'IcnnrL l)l {tultr' e'ndi\olubillcgnnu , .u pdrn'!lr si qDn-si rrt adcvllr{. drc, im'nlc tro clr !' 'adcvliril (ir 6i ,oLIrDir (dFrri) ouriG!tra' ri ruidv0!;n0,, rai !,1\ oiov r. ('rpdr€pv r.v10ivr. iiv6ta dlulidv)

26 . ,srhur i d. dojrdl l " 0trD!q). vc^ni erk idc.rnorAnrjl,ti {i FliNotrxx .,hr

,J

I

D M PIPPIDI COMENTARIU LA POfTlC-4 l1 l4t^ t' IUa l

lcgi(trli cu rcci gcn. f.wclt icior wcmerlaeed. mrintrldcca{cuoflca€rliuldlnctlccunoxft poeTirgra.i,nc,an\imri F e iidicpr iri si €curgen ra ocrfricrtic pir./o!,?r'.coNnbriin,iur cr o expresc rcmrjr,,ciriia{biccrivmln aniarc aJtr ! r i r , { c i r ,cpr i lcLr.d/) i { fcr nr \u!utr f . nrrrr fu ! tsp]

noeuL\LroDlnr 0r.r rmiu . \i n\trr rn rq nid.rclhncJ\rprileluirl dc slirhiioilc d,oDri..D, ii tr$ cuiind o cxprcsicunin 'n i i rbrne'dispozi l i i topulrrcdccirrptudtrsul ncmnttumnii nnimpliioric, untrj iddividibtrr' (P,jdc'r. Lp. 197). inac.caii ordinc dc idci, vc, v H Heftr. yon dn i,},s;.6caTanz zh *.njtheD stiel,lscn(tln, 1r.t7, si Pcrcr cuggishrg,D?r sry..l/)€i. Ztrilh. 1917, pp. 16-rl

27 . ,Cidr i r i s i I r t rde' ( t [ /ou< rui iyrd|a): rn. lcsprcsrr l r^ 'or . .c l . r r ldnnLUriNncoorm.ni lddckanrcl Prdor,R.p.xr!0?a:nrrov( o€oi< oi +r;[r biq d]doi<

2!'Mrrgircs" Pocm coDi. de rxlirxtic populri. rvindiNl lui fiil li Atibuii lui

lr.ncr {lc o pa e a qniciivulhi.nc altiinrur oxfcucpigrot(suus!. iyFt ! ( @i rd/ . ic 'orDoy dyaoipd[(rol M ) .Pu )clu fids'ncn1e rtunasc, rr Kn,r c\. Epjc. C.tu rnlncntr.l ,p.alrum.si Ancn.rr.,,./oFd.v (ox1dd. l9ll),p t52uncI L RlJemx.herinR!,xlv,l70j 1703 ii H. Lrngcrbeck.MrjnLJ v..J,., eter 8'5.rril)r'! ud ,(r,,.o".!lrr.', nr.,rlarrrd Siudics ii CLus. Philolo!y', Lxlll, i953. Dp. 3:1 t;4.

I t , . lambic dnp: i dcPlrndera [,ccsidci!c idEro< de lr ia[9i!.ry (ciiii vienD a&vi]rcrccontrfur)ecomunilacc'kd'i cI r)roh 6.cflnr.rr,t,p435 l{c,l ,,iann,trs en .uincn mxlcdictrm plu mqm rinetrouertr rppdkhn'cirnrcnrard rtj ldfli{rLr.qucr.dnralcdicere". ALrcviftLr (timorosic I cuvirrultri itr{ insii {rbiliti.c4!!cfor1cfi $.o!rrgft ccltr arvDrintonbdtusernniil.nirdr..duli,mro" |rcxr. ioxr'jbuic Arirorl\ Dionrd.s (luF

smbnid.hri:ntu i inspnaidc vrro) Inimnd Prctrd.hontricclre Dcmct.. v 195 u.n., ldrPr e numclc unci duji'.m r

^irci (l- Rldrmachcr. ,.sn7-ber' wicnci Akrdcnc . 1913.

cLXXXVll. Bb . r. Abhdl . IiDorczannci pcrcchi divinc ldrPoi- l;I r)si,d$inutcnaibinclimuar.rcltrL acc$i l)en.nrj in fr i!6iilccleusircparc si11los ir*mrr Cr Ch. Pictud. a?piJOJd /c Brlr.r dins l.sntstaar J Eld6n. in A',rres /'Hitoif du Cfi'srr,ism- PrhAmncrdm. 1s28,ll, pp 229-264

3.1-35. . .Ader i r r lcsupfn.pecarcdc lllmLnr.rin0 roviiic si il adnci sl Phron,Rcp,X60? 3: outroi€iv 'o[ .Yrprirov rLiv rpdla30n0,Liiv. Pr.c1lini rsups d'ipultri ctrmintclcge? At lotc l . di! mxrictarea ootej|triHomcr $ dru ln

36.,N! i t rvccl iea. o i toni .uL Albcgslrn ' .p 70:

,.Ncl ttrtirc Oncro srrcbb. $,comedla.drdinpc$otrh e dflmmx.icr. Frtbi rvrcblr. dd,huzione utrirnr c .mrctu di anonc a trn soSgctro mp.nomrcc di

'no, r dilicEiTa di qnci comDcdilgfuli chc .vrcbbcni tduro

arloinenti dallr lavolr F,vcrn. cioi \cnzr urid e rctu svolenncnt)diazn)nc.csogse(pciso.ali cd, invctiYt"

9. . .Alr i i intrebrrc . i0doirLxaci sxpr i 'n[ ! , . r r lspunsh nnFbs0 daci i' nirliul itr crrc sc liser h vscul al lv_lca tagediapurolisotuiiiajunsibNtrciul lnaldovoLulicici,[paF.laprii[privnc.nrcotrtdiclic alinnalrci,dupiinultpdrccd.lisindtr i1 nrmciadcvlrdl rc€a\i rnscdic$l1,.inccrIsisc nd trNlormc (l1rr9a15 lr5) I crhrtc, ctrD r avut s.}s oadre vahrcn, op cr.pl rr 16. sviiE e'{!rr!$r.rruqdet,:irrlli .lplic,re tragcdi.i,cc ijvaln,id'o iLlzl. llIule

' r t rdJ i imcL!mriPtrrn

Frl!!]!:4!jjB\r!s4rNlnmc n{.N 9.,' deo$br

d.{J in lcni h sai e ea tnsiisi dlutr

D M. PIPPIDJilmb.buitoarii cr acaana,po\itriIrarcac!-dnrirend m,i dc

xu.Duomcxctrstr tirimenca nl|rtpt4iri inr.h{Q drc! hsediri ) ' \ r l l L l ' ,b l ind onhr.a.Li ! Jnhg,r . , . , , , . r . e rorcD;r

e-10 . t ,vrr ! drur+lr lL! t ! pr . r l ! i_!r pr ,\ i / i r t . r cer! L lu,ze, dr n iJ_ mn,,r t q-mripnnh cere mr p'$oss 5i mi Dcvoic dc n&a.erar ,tc pfrlr.

kp(,md ?v"r cu! !k( tn, \ tuhr n r" ; - ;:..p.. 1: -'", .'-t!! _r!r_! _r!: "e-L.rin.;"

pe.hcil i"depcndcDrdcobsc0i'i',r" orcnbdeu" r-;, _,rc.",

'r,i,s ,,"p',,',A

"ito, G;G-;;a;;i;;;

anul - prsajul inrEg c $\ceoribil de aDrccrcri fetrnre, duDti chDul.un sudcn ikriMri si i judecj,n vd@c{ mdodci;aurc;ric'hEadmanudetor.candeWbadcrnlnuirc(dccclerF)piarcdc propra

' vrenc.

'n.i cu sc$'0. Drrcd.i An$obr nusi-adar

oncneda rit-s cirez. i/voarctc.pae ncind.ios ri DcciTiinh iscinrenrirzt pe ccrc.rid trr!oulc. snrcnrricc j 6uDra trccururujrerrux'i a!c (v. r,bd,.frd,, p. I,r) DincutllrcrinrcDcdindcvo'br de sp$ pini undc ror I njc* jccje .crccilri \i, mri rtcs.i'r cc

'n{sri,lr dedid vcrcutuixl lv lea.cndnutccl,nriqf

Nn.clos purcx inci Dtzuiri tr.on$nuic prci\lorir d.,jnoi. inacesrii d'n umrilptvinri pr'on10 isroricitornDdcni $]nrdsDr(c

'lc a u unirome Dacij p.nru un witamo*j, sru Ryryrrcf, iron

.Lrr ! ! |n]( t , rhLcLr.sLEfr iutd. , tunn,uioin,r et ,! i rncnLi , rd ! ise7 r , n AnnoLl . s

cdnre$ion orignonncaas roc.,rdyi, 1449x tTrhar heknonsDorc oloic hiiory Dl rngcdy dln hcacrually rclk us.and heisn, izqdr! l t l 'e( bc ng x, l \en, ,u

rkc i ' I tur i J! ! l r I r jc \ r dr u Juud,{ . o J tu M i Nr/$ol(.NcErbb I ktas.Anenrm",xxvlr, t9t l.p 6t3 = o@rc,hsere.ra. Lpp 67 63:.,DicAu$is." (l.",r.i*rotr"" iii,," r,Lrfnrn! dcr Tngndjc sind aho Hrljorhcscn,dic auch wr/ul{trl ,b!'c!h' cr !r. rdcnrrar l ! da I rqturr , .h i ,u. \ .h e . , .h. ce, , ,Lnq h",n ; ru.r ,a ' ,

LOMENT RLU LA POFIICA lv /.11l) .l

'trcm.ipuJinNlbudttr.lnhrcccrcariruJini iini. c.ioculunel

r trcia sc infidseaz,! de la nnc. AtirudiDc. cclui cre. uiitrJdrhutrc'inronMrilc LuiArisolcl oii de ceizv.ar, trtr crcludc ? p.nnt ci mimca iubnorc de sftm afibzorului a ptrutr coniplcra p.in specnldic ncajLtnsuil. unelirturmari incclmai bui !32$ntralcltri Pi.k4d CaDrhridsc,,.hcwsttubrbly trsitrgrhdlLbciyofrhc.riri',s\vhi.hrhos.oodemsch,nrnrvhoasxtrsrorc.cpl [1mNiirrllihlchav.ceminlyDorrhindoied (Op.ri..pp l23 l19.Cl. A. Pcrcni. Epranr e tflljcl,',|. Sn\t;o lrt dnnnx atueaar.a,a,.Fitonzc. l,r:r9.f 6t) senoalech'rprcsrpunccr.ircla L care m

'nlcftsc.zit. ..lihd dc! dc rcorhzrE" r fi lozohnd

rnes dci0lde depait si n sc prr. ciJi pi{rcuTii intcrga 'vsloafr Dreini undu,d nuheTecl d. nd in unni.rimic Egg.r

cmcicrizr rccooii1un . arisbre. ,Notrs9!onslcrspeddArisucpotrr l h i t rore,n.nssavonsrvcc qucllc pdictrcc iir l.ulli loN l.s vicur nouuncnb de lrchoiol.gie er tlc la liftnrurc g'tc.lh pui$ame du sdnr an.lYdqu..qp.,ntde l llir DdconMltc ou & lui l]lnc d€r. dr\ N in(ilildc syddme.lespl!r sii$ rdDoLsnlgcs

'lc l'lni.nc in\.pxtuit

dcl'i,Nind d,mnation.qui pcui avlc m1, il veur r buh Iorcc rtouvcr.c(c syhilri. drns les

lren e's 'n.nunrcn6

ds lr litrdururc grccquc.Iris ors. il ncs inqui i rc l lsnledi th l rmbccnposlg .urodxlcau{ch NiaDrb,trrc\.( a!r ch(!sl)hall'quc\: r.c patuir ps nle'ne sotrscrqoe l'trurhctrrciri dn MrLlil;J ptrlvaddL ltc.nde. mls u pcnconfusc.dcs ponics csris d! lapoCsi.rces rentrtivcs sim ufes tour Pmdu'rc lc tlnmc, strbrrlrcomddlc. surllusieur poin( dc h Gt...ef Si.ll...n Aliquo.dans ic Pdloponis.; !:\ dihih d un

r.u\,tuc prr $r rcnor!n!g..

m6thodc. ll .rot coDrcr d.r lrir\-

D M. PIFPID] COMFNTARIU LA POFTICA Iv 1,1J9 rtunsdq&n.as d,unnnonrcmrrj xu tieu dA dnli€s.il rn,tv$des rhlrac!o.s. - (Es*rrr. pp 249,250)

l | | L. . . lv lut l t rh i r i ind,uni l ror i tor cortr tu j dediriranbi- (drr rrjry ilarxdyroy riy 6L0Jpalooy). vaeulvor ar tduccni sovrle sll pEjudcoc

^q,o com,nDii unuil;n

a lntri ob .urirde lontrnui i Jcl t.!.dur rnr $nic nrDrc{tr cr \ l n! ! ' tezLlc.rcr . i n dr. ,nrnJruutoB!rhcrrexrtrrsuoir..snh rhc 44ro., of th3 Dihyramb..da lel_Hdv.PoCriq'e. coll. dcs unjv. dc Fnnce. paris,1932:,,h nasddjcrcnouelur 3Dr.ua dc dj$ymmbss.) Acelcrlicuvnle devj, tavilgimisli Ir rleed/r rirdc tJ \!r ori!,nr J4 ./nror,.tcl

Alb!-!!Lni ,Ltr .,/ura ./r. Lr,!c!.r,. ndidambo,(cl rj K.zicBters.tr.rasodj!,tnREvlA:cot 1eo9uni) C!e,(nLJ.ct ! dr idnnr impn ni f i t rRonasorL. t t r

deSriin Fillicr,)raducert,c rcgoduscpETnri,bar.ctrsu^,1hip Deiidoior tsi DroDn, sti

exlrioc Eevidffi,nrMdcvtr.cir,gcJianns_i uivi njcidr' acuvnar* audnordc diriimbi (Bu{cher,H d}),tri.idirlcoa a cidiitEiit.r simpli (valglmiSti)r pcndr ca dnm $ ia n]dir, l ; { nr \o ie a ! r je dr ugu. iKsmnus:oddlegJ.hifu epd.dc.iL inh.or.deoFn!.\, !i m,r !d,Llc JtL ob;.uxtifrrp\lv al rexlltuj, tic.ii ah inchDa ,it vcden in el Dcobin'uilnt r.puioio< (R.$asni). ne. m.j probabit. o,Dldiienofi, distiidi de 6i dd 4ottriind Liprul! cu .1. E Lrl.lcsul iui€edpxny'. nuneroaseparajehomcnca(culirludccrcmDh, r/XvlII3l6 roior 6i nrr.i6l< daryo,j itiipX! y{joLold:XVltr49. XXM20) ii c singurul porivii cu tntomatia Jupi {rc,rnf-un mnijcnl?ne!,e\k p e!tr (r ovJbrernhuriLle ra,ltueru,The,nnl j .orulu 'pf nrr \ rs,hJLl jugdui , :uoi ,nni i r

u.v royo< d xopd< b.(6poBrr( . / , , iorooy 5! o;di ,<:r ,or04,rny i t . i i r r i r ;p ro, j 6urnnar.o0rL r ;y yood!(Di! Laen., xr 34,s6.cr.ctrdernan,p r33; H.relnmai;. in

..ltcv dciEr.grccqucs,I-X_VI.19i1.p 50,r-5l0iH.Kollcr.i"

.,clolrf ,xI, l962.pp 133 195).AccniroKrrri( cdcalrniitcnDrcrutus de rextul Prrd;, caE rntrmrirtrl$ ldonldnc h utrulla doi (1,149 016-17). filr! sr fifimunt in prcrl$i] apfi1ir .!lui di'riii ach (A. Lcsky.I/tptunb, itr srdj ia oror dj Ulopp.169-176rGF.Ese,TiokpL, i ( . , .wicrorS\ 'd ic i .LxxI I .lese, np. 75 l0r). Expl'crria tr( p.rc 11 dc..rr .cocr ci incxpnn!rc"lr.ori.irld ArntoGlfrtnosd t1lirro! erarocoiirrckr.si unrmc.c0'niccxtri'n!Pi.k'r+Crnbidgc,din.lip!i[cm,.hc dolivcftd a spcech (not r sotr!). in rbichlhcchorurdnLiorjoitrn m,r whm hc bccmc. nnon d mdrio 6o{y ol Ronhippers - sDch whqe thc nerronn.d or

d[ futr | . ( . ]p,dl , .pBoni,i.1qrl,f l7,pcitfl cai...dicTardesThestnu s.n'crzcit...*rc5.di.sundcircr{r*onc unTcil^r{r7cidtrruh

enspcchetrd |iedinls'g rcriicnemchr ms dcn rtonlcn Blnden der Responsior bctr.it.. bis derChon iihren,'po krircs

^ m scl hi lindigcn H tpoxitcs $u c. bis

dcr rrJgls sicgb D'e Enrw'ckhtrgSprcchv.i\ . s$.hr gctrN dv i'Jcrctr Ch.r, Ch.'tuhicr,Schxusplclcf . Dr\s LicdArsdrulkr und Srilloroetr snrd, 6t esr ErBelJnn sptlererEnrvickhng. Sinlcn und Srgcn sind ltt uns komplctucilircCegctr\uzc. lnr dic Gric.llcn. gcrn,chf ) Mui dc drrilid,i'nro.anc n' nxl'nultc rlidu'i oirxrr,Mrno Unbsreincrpfu puncsli scvrriinit.ir!ovr€s opl!ft lihrcdc rts}{ioi .Duii c]] rrc or de LLiftrnbl Cu alle cuvrta,digLncahgediei fi de gisi1.dupirccnccrclittr,int-uDindoir. . f .unul tomuldinrdyo,, i ru ld in! ; ' ! io, . . .A olc lcdiccchc, trscrir dcrivr drsli ildprovr.q rijv tL0r,pdroor um

pr',..lni i oi, Ootrc pi(,hlc'ni) n.l \uo crnb (a)' rmktr' dcl

J i . 'b,

t r ' t1 . . f f r . lotrieieurco mrr pd .lorcto!c dx ArDrorctc.I sur vojia Dr

ld0! r ' . . , " . r . . \ . re, . , t rh"ro u,d.Pttu.o0 conireDru

'n qulche modo un.unni.oucjrci I

' , I ' " ' . .F A

' r , ' . . . t r . " t .1" ' .h. , . i ,n" , ho:

dxgli t6dproy1.<, vtcnc I dir. ohc 4;ppy,4 {sftuk- -,prni..rrre !rcsgiancnro dci rpaluaoi di ftunlc ri coftuti dcl

{lltnnnD. Si c{isccnrgLio.ora.porch! tn Sudr! DroDosi(od,ariolcsiprlidi r@r(d< fDdDo. tDai ius.p 112):esli volc%pfcikm.r.dre:. pay,!6oi invc\tiidcltnlunzioneDrnjcoledii a'lro!1 er" toi! hi ttct t' tgel i a, p. D.L\.

l t , ,catrrccc l iccnr ioasc. , ( i ind 1, ;y r , i 4arrr . ; lr/v.tuIcelh{icxpticndeoEdisptricmnrhsiirtr icupmdu.riilct)onDrret{rnLpu\eJlrd, Arrrc.vmed,c,l r!turce,\rhen4u\xv12td 6t2tr . t r tunLrul \erc l lJ l - t r ! r , , D! tu\ i t tuhJh t \ \J lu l

' l ter \ . f , I Dn

t,ru( ii rn!nrelculrrcLl\ i!e{rltriilc qrilo n m mamr mc.. L !nrd4 rc.r . $rr \J f . ,n | lu i r i v(blJ c. tuLl t r r t r !D,al l rdie lrd. e srcu dc horitijl. ricd{. drcrl t nrtro.rrcj vi l] nj-

u!he,Ircr ! ; r$rr , l ( iBdrc $ n!cr !mcreJ!h!r j rd.cr ,nhds! . r , r r . n 240).51trd4i 'Jr I |dJ \p! / |e]nL]trJIAsupn pnbleriui. in geNnl. vu, o. Nrvare. /f,r o.rgiDes e.l,\utrlre te,tnutr.,1.l.t 6rL\ti!.,nfl ,rc\EL.nlidrl vIr5 Pe14h. 'n Pcv. t r !h.utusqE. lv t (2r lo l l .D lsu. !nri dc rdind. c. .jirtr!ftndc. in ,Enkx", L}l.T. 196r. DD ll4\ iR. F;qct . re i i / . t r L/r I / r cvnrk\ d,d. ,p{ i \ . l9or

15.,A incer i r s; ic mai rransformc,.vezi .mi i

Cr rn.tc e^.oir cJrcr ihun l ! ! , ! l r I

COMENTARIU LA POE C'{ IV JJ]' i

trDdc.spre brtltulc. nu tovdne sr i raci loc in drrmck salc).rcrtrl ttrMek' mnftmi pMiziriLer1134.56:6(t rt!.vGcn.iroKflrijv)Aioxu)\0<, riv 6i .pir.r'Io4,oKliiq rai or(trrrjpu('' lrr rpolo6iav Asupnptublctui,itr gcneial: O.J.Todd.TPITAr'!rNJ:TH:,.1 Red.rsldentrcn,ii.,Cli$ical Qnarcrl] .xxxx.19J3. pD.30-33 isiC F Else,'rha Cxs ot th. Thnd A.to.,tn .:rt^n\dons ol lnt ,Amcr. lhilol.A$'rirron,Lxxvl, l945.pp L-11r.

19.,.Docorul sceDic (oKrvorpa4,iov).'tcndinh.anin.riri in nora pradcrrlr. dc d rtibui Ilictiorilril.r adnsc sp.cracolL uidrrnricii.i)t.de r 5i I' arin\Iorfrr.lrsi.i1(cf Arhen.I2l.).rlirui.rnoconrl!iilicJiclN\itr sernia aubnld P.drorde vitizvorr Dai fcchi:,.prinumAsarht.htrs Athn'h Aes.hylodoNmc t{gocdirin (Ermr tecr cr dc ( comhcntaiiun r.liquif(Dcarfi .VII.frucr. l 1) D.\Prc ihcere, v.ziconcnkriul lui F. Prrd6prcprrblenielelegatdcro{uls,.oir c(lr\lcncihrcrtnlanric.jjrickcnhaDs.li RrIII A, J?drnr /e' rhirtaigic.s./iJiques. ii tttl,,gar Pru'l, fais, 1949.II.!p.892 $95 CLP. M.Schu ,P/rtdett

'tdesanbnFs(rL!pAyful6r,Pnis,l9:11.p 9 unD \i l.l.Allcn. Srrlc,,1,dqrj.i$oI Lhe CE.xs and R.ntnr tntt n)ci. rintence, t')64.

20.,Pr in obirs i r c i rar i r icr l ( t 'd 1o, j ik

i , i ! I . ! r i . i mnku^r{ !Lcl . inrcdidrrnbuldi . . rmou(cdc, ; , r d.. .;n.-._in.ii .iri J;tulh ir.

hg.dia ar I honaDnn ETttniCin6il

t4 rl"!rs4 !n[-:in6inTa_Mr,r! n:!!!r44!!4s!q!4jq_. mi!u( cca mi potiv't1 cu ev.lu[il3 co,tsnlic! dcclririlq-intcrnreii creutatil. lclabdc rcceF rer uE' asencno iFlu^ rbir drcimairunevoic a li rlcvat (F. Susonihi,Dt kituktcttia. ihqEcon)edlEarr.ze,.,Rcv.Phil,XlX.1895. pp. 197 20!r; H

l

;

COMENTARIIJ LA ,DOETICA IV ]4.19 .

!'to drviNclc 6d roit tr oorlp'ioij n arvrr sii sPuni oilrtrf irsadcrvoll{dih&aNisdnicicir1ilblositlu'nri

rdr s2id., si rclcrindu{o la proptu sr ipotczii dcsp@ li'l.irolco|Li', zilclc lui A ,n (nai sus. pp i23-124), Untedieincrnuorcrzicin.h.,s inct rvuri in vcdcto dc Ai{olcl ar n fo$

r, ,""- ' , " r ' " i * -*n, t ' . " , d snuq,on ! Lreoorupo.

hvIlafulndiin, e lapin scvch lcgeeidx eroica polclnno

rxrmsi in streto rapporio. E p0n ,mhc cscre che qucio

conraso fru scrioc groftsco ihbi! indivdnab c &ccnthro ilNUhcnto delhcontrdizionc dei rniti: mn diDertichi n chc,

Fi. lapd.dia di queni,L qurlecornpondc r unr scnsibillirL &trpid Iilosonctrjcligiosa. ns pun'Nnre loeicr, tdvcrl la suanriEionsnelladismimdrtal'ircrrtrrrv$o1aco'nnc'lh I

$i,maidcpdnc ..NonilDnodunqncconrcncv!trttibnneschi,.ra pintuno il cul.o. ncl qulo h prsnonc tx{mdava vsBocccc$iitrtrlichcprsrvanoan.hcDcUdprrola lldarua{dvisupratuo dismnum", nuncxrz di,nonir chc ptro ivcb,usisul mit.mntib$ndo.Glrctclsuornoquclptublcnrcl't glicopoprio,cchL1.vedevrncllrsuaMsicriD$luhilid (Ot8,tl.p.251) Dinprodnclir nli r.cenii.vcrinci H.Schecknbcrg.Aca!4. vdr W.td., Gt gr..h. Tntiitlic tus den Txrz,

23., ,Cind dir logul s i a l icut rpr . i t ia Dacl i ,air cum parc pobabil, rluzia prvcttc inrsdu@m ,,pomulu'acroidecrtc fhesph(vc/noupuodcnriili tcxol lui DiosencLrciioscira$lh 1449 r l0 ll).ttobui.siprcsuPmcnciinlo-cuft r rBtamctDlui tohr iccutnmctdimnbissoval idat f t l

24 25., . Iaobul c ccl mai apror i i r de grr iu lob isn ui t .Cr.Ard.x, !d. ,1113,110s1,12,6 3 io l l ]o< qr i r l i

ioru ir ri4< n riv rorl\i v (.,itnibul e insusi nodtrl de vorhlral.clormulti ) si Ci. , O.rr.l9l:,,(,anbicdsnuncru5J oi?loDi

:, r: !j, i .!r,:i : I i :!;:,: :, ;:.:,\" Iti ̂:;t: :: x,Y,", : :.l:-f,:':1; ;1."" :1",: : :i;l *.iiilli",l :

"'i*i'*it,., i r;i;*,*,,;"" ;I *" i i*::

"i+* iir i';;r;"':.i r":.,' j1.::':"',;,,;.. :T .,:; : ."; *":::;

,;li' T'lH i ;*i,: :f ii *.*;ij:r:rffi#i*;i1H[Tfi*,,, n,;".rlilj;'l.l;;:ih.',l"*;;.*l;: ii'.lil}:*r i'rii1ilffi ill,H'j.:;1,"*riii,Tli;i:il: I :H'.;ry.l' :lr illt il I ;:l:l:: *;llllltj.,dfjir i:!i!iiiJl.*tiiti:1t,j:".:"^ ". , "" "i";".''., :.;;;;.;,jt,i"lJl;?llJyiiij

COMENTARILJ LA POET.ICA V 1149 a- 149 b

I it,lti': lji i ;tJ.lji:t,:iiit"'. * " -'.";

r;

ril

ilI

tlI

*+*#ir*;:ffi*#ffiffi

LlnFdctu,ihar.nb€liciatrlcdiei(VI 1,149 b2l 2l),Kotr!6ittd'i FirrrdL< trp.i4.os 1€roio! &i droip!! tL.'ioou<r{[€iou, xopia iddror 1,iv Iorior iv roiq €i6.or, 6p,ivruvrai dlr 3f drow.ri(.6r ir6ovir. idi yild.0< aadi/oloa rnvIri/ ro@nrlv na6q&rrr (ii0'po v (..oomcdir c i' 'n.na une'rrirni hulii i NisDrltvire, de o o?u{c i turuto. < ni gd in'podobt>osebitdupi I'luilclia[fti prni a.i,'mirtc inclnpu lidcodctrini r.riunc iarnrpovenidsi crrc.pL.rLeadesfldrii sIri$rur,sivirstcurrltirc,{c{dpatm ) cf.hnccoopcr.n,Athto.dtz.Thcatt 01 (nncdy,||)Lh a' Athpkna ot the PrELicsntul a Tt0st'tion oI the TnctnnE CatJlrlrIt!3, p. 223, nrm.

33.. ,Ridicolul se poarc dcf in, . . . Cf Ci . . ,D..dr. .II2l6:.,lo.usautemcl rclioqunsi rilLi.uli rI])iludinc crdctdrhitatcqudlrmuintimru Haecenimr cnlutrclsollEln'rxnnequacnollnrctdcJgDrniiufptudinenr hurmn.nsrpiar. encriam dctomidt er corpois uniiocandun.*dqMcnnusidcD...(tudctrtrs ptcc\niur.nequidinsulsc..ncdtrs.rdilniocussitaulmmictrs (,.slcrxt..arcoun\

'e ue ni.at rcD, t q u) . ptoda4b. h rl

. txaulr..juaerd.iurhatlpe.kit,ehaDi

.,1'"i.),1t5 x,Til,". t:i lj ii,lllt llltit.."":'::i:)-:'

[tt' i,1!ili]'^,#;;{:liri-,V

- ! . c, i me r

liiilliiiii,i:i:.l",il',iil.i:.: Is ̂',, -G,.i; i:;

, ro, f f l ru lnLl i .4, r ' . n \onlutrdr!u r !n! l l rn (n f iur : .e provocat mii.u scrnl, drcd nn sxduiv,(]9

rr:{Lr.cMdc\. o rnun€ iu triln ii lhiD nu D,.r nanr .d.ldieT trc ruoni LU e,IiLl.vnr,',h.!dm,

nicitivialc.tricicoboiab!rnivcldlnihilor.l ) AsupndochncicomiculuilrCi.ctu,in gcncml. v. J F D Alion, R.nr, rlerrryTr@ry rd (lr6.re, London. 193I, n. 162 Jj trnn r de co'nPlcrarcuFr.KtilIcn,in,,Philologus,cvl,1962.2q 59.

1, .Si r .ordc. . . .orDl Di t r Nncmut in care na( l l4 ' l9bakniatr r htu N'b.bliduirca sr Epftrnhriilc dnmdie (ln c ])Iiv.sc.ucdir, dnpii {odcll)bibrlilllile,arqnnd din inu1.136i cn.. &h pimci vidoln x ld HionnLr: v nii sus Nta la 14.18 a33), once rnror dodttr s, i vrdii opcri juld:i cn dnof si cea.ilinvoirca rugnhtului. s.licilind un cor rori v on (iv (ALn.oin'.Civ, 5ll). Ac.nh.r te$uia

ilI

D,M PIPPiDI

ro! l l rE L \e i r rL lu(€i prn numi { : . i 'u i i i i '9d r . { i Jc t i r t r ! pr ;u \ r , , .F. rnh, t r as!p.rSMizitdi nlrcriale s rcrturur ar.iiin.,e7i h,crinb cltrsn ien,i A Mtrclle.. r.rrb!.n del gr;.hK.hcr Bnhnenahciijnct.Irerbury iB.lN36jO Navmr6. DhDlJDr jirde rr rbsdrtttu, nri.<ietlc da h6ad akttin, pms, 1395 (cd a ]t r. 19201!A E. ll3igh. Zr.lnii 7,5erh. $nd cd revGcd bI A W. lickardcrnb.idsc, Oxlod. l!0?: O.A.w Ditk.. Tnc Or-r ftearr..!y.aiin..Annuat.r rh. Brr school orArhcir.. xuI. 194n,pp. 125-192!A W pi.k?Jd chbnd,Ec..fhe,Dr.aft at Djonvslrr,,

".lrrc,s.oxnnJ. r946ct956)i in. Thc Dzn,aijc kstivsh.lA,rc,s, oxford, 1953; T B L. Wcbner, O.e* ftcah

2.,Inirtrn rerTtn" in compraric cu rx8cdia. ate.imiEprczcnbrl sc |dmnc.$t1zi cr ai l lon orguizare oriciat in0xnniird veacului at vt lc!.-pofu 509.in oncc caz 502(Pick! -cmhridgc, D].tyinh, co,a1!, Tged,,p 91)

4 . ,Crrc I r ixnr nunirut rcr . r i lof" Duptr!!L,3ia< (Kaibcl. coDi.o.

OD..o. FqDrld. p lD,&shxr t n\lCratircs: ot iy riiarfui rd np.iornd ,rdKro< (ioiloy irtr].y;!{yo<6i .K@rire< mrl t r r r r t r ;y nrr ; ,oy r ; iy . i j r l rusiarpoduno r€1r ,+6r, dr ioa. r iy drozioy

5. ForDis. Poer q)mic ancuza,, conrenpran ml] tilnir

6. crarec.locr corn. rGDiln. rdnor .rrc tuDrirarcavcacuru rt v-la Arkbfin, in clvrf,t (5rr si !m ), rrc pcnh

oio< 3i Kdrll< 6Dd( 'rlrjj/ i]ri,\€ro kai oruo.r,yroLiq,

ii. dnd orrra. 6andy( i|taq dNori!!y dnar.ln(y,

'ird Kpos0ordmu r;pom< ldrruydoadmdrc htrrci(c

(.,crrmanri{ciircnccaTlnn ai|fnnrardinpxne.vicmb.crtrcc0 o chehtrkiti dc n,fti. vi rtnird rcrsr,ir!r. nnpltind din!un ldelicaricd.'n.jspnituicrandu j ").

COMENTAR]IJ LA POET]C V ]14' h

l2. . ,Tor asi lc l in pr iv i t r lx int indcr i i ( i r ' 6 iri []iK.0.Evorba&opo'nvidc l0nsidcrDrterirlir oFercro'

ti dc dnrrtarliunii dese .a strbiccl. cca dnttii ritud i. modnomd- functiedecsrdc-adou.ct..nardcpanc,xvll1455h l6ixxlv 1459h 17: xxvl1.t62b2.

12 i l . , , in l io ic lc unei s inBure ror i r i I soa-rc1ui .Cunrtia\c dcsDld. l:'nundin liiel rcxtului.e vo$nliidc o simpli orstutm a uncidcpntrd$i' dnmaluryilordnrvtunadc ratrgcnici graeJti Cc.accnu i_xJnpicdfit petorcticicnii !ibmr d,tr vremcd Reiesrerii si iotclca8l rpu$lc lt'

*.W#il:l#-##i'#Ltrc: , , . n l ;1. . gr_ cHJ. {r ' {

Litcnt! Ctiljct\nr n) hc Rcnxhsui.e. p LUoDrd:G Torrn'n,Stdi, )cncnn'.t n'ti" CutqE Ctlo.E aediz.dvcduta.t 4?'1trm.. R. !ray, Fldrh, {L ir Jmria. .lrsiquc, fp 2ir 2s8)h ulirare, sinsm unitxrc p.mcniii sQdali dc Arnt(ncl cunjurddca!rime(t.crpirolclcv]].vnl,xxxl);trniulc!delocts i t rgcobi 's dinturpasr l I i t i e4rcrr tdc.mval ivorbrmideprac (xxlv 1459 b25 26):dl pivc$ u rtrdc tinp,nlicd.I. ii!'un antrmt s.ns. oPor..rs.Dl,ei arinorclice r txgcdici (cdm obscNl. cn drptareRo$a!'i in conFrhrtul sitr), tcxlul n o inftitir.rri dc!i! ca C€ ontuinrinuin(elcrunatrdtri:sdi\td'd nap'tro' nno aiovrqio6or iliou .lva, i rrdr italr;rra!.

I4.,,La ltrccPu r" (rd atirov). l)etpre asmcn* drumcdcpiitind duotL obisnuid { diuni talicc si Pudtdu k co'nprft\ub npodulluigjn,iicu cppc.i, frvcin nid o sii^.. No gllsim.pnbrbil,.dxiin mul..iminbamciidc cotrvingucrinridlrditatl r les uii orign'rie dinh tascdic )'.p.pta. dirercnlirrc ahll jnt'ur ti.7dintii arnmei nnmai pft mplriro

)

D M IIIP]DICOMIN IARIU LA POFTICA VI ]Q9 b

dar j i . t r !d( i rx! r \ \ ! r4rzrrB t lorhr) i f , r rnqlncdrm ( lu iArt .hEpr u or s, t r r 'n l € ie i pre\uf l ndhJ r .L, mhorlnt i , r u"

!t.trn'erd !'LRtc. .l3311m rd_rrc, d ,eh rru..iu^lrarlE.rll.t!1 aro.De{d^ 6!hr/.Lrrnr €,..f"ra t,t23r

| !J) n dn, iL]oU; i tc l .pr , ) tJ, , r r i -c! J ' r Din!c e )Jf e \ n lor ! r r r r r J l ( rJ

umfrof..!1tr\r,t !{xrerc (. lmbr.rrgd,toJ crcm!d'r tsp{nruts nru?.J. !nn(hpiur lo l ro.

l"]j'j,j'. ' ." *""'' * *.

'|o|J' \.|!'d/fl|J cf' L\,Iv

dc vedemr unni itu disrosi or srnD-l heitl siNrirl si nc lovcmci - lrc troi\N l]c cimvadin rinasti ina{nvitorrpropid (n lrg5b 13 si0m.:l\Jrir rL< ili

Od,ri!Lro kaKlij O0o1116 i i\unr!n roii dvdiou rulxdv.r,d rav air;< n@o6o{ioa.v dv raedr i riv airon rLvi,Koi roiro;'rov alNir! {'divrraD. Poinind de la ace{edeliniin sj fii.ind din fti!ii,.. nrill xflLcxti noui ,rrsin,!!i-nprcpus s[ dovedcarct. intr o cclchi paei r]i dnr H,,Jxlr4,i.l3D.eDrursn. ci Pcrc.her de emdcfinilia hgelici w dulc. id u ti,ahcr{L|es - {riceL rufdem Bcliflt, dcn sicl Arkr.relcs vondemMnh ctr gcnRlu hat. Efglarbte nlimlich.dr$ das Ubel.welches dcr coscn nd unscB N{weDdig eod dr ]]eschrl|nhcit sciuns sclh! odcr t0r eines von dcn rnsnsun

^ bcftirol'rc. hincr

w. diese Fnrhl ni.ht s.i, kdme alcSodxchrc A,nhElesrondcm Mi.lcidetr. uid trur hieku!*id,dic Nahrc Ursdrc bcg'ciflicb.*aruncrin dcr lj*liiiutg derT'agiidi. nlichn dcn Nlirloidctr iu die einrsc liu(ht nrdnreNichr rh ob dac rtrrchr hicr chc hnnabhriolige L.idcnschafi scL, *clclc blld fr it. lirkt ohm'hr,creget*srlco kdnnc.. soM{n MJ.nachsoinrErkLirse dc\Mnlcids. diers die l'urhr notwetrdig eLn\chlic$ii wc'l nlchLsuDscr Mn[nl 6ru9t,

'h nrs Tuglcich lnscrc lurchr eflmken

k!trr" (wc.,L.,cd. lvnko{iki.V.tD.252 25r).ldciudaascnlimiiciftnrft rbilctj rc.ouluhrorabilsisit

lrunii comcnhlori. se pone ohiccvuLcrerutrcleoiert de rami.l ncirnlei arisroreliccx milc',c(rcc Albcglidi nunc,!t .,lr valuhTioncosgcrivi chc le!E6orccoliiedaunmalcnonnusonor6ir.voli (.P..i.,p.75).scnlimnrul oohplei caEenJlavrdcic dr,ii Siidnl s|l3nihlui. una\r.ci ohicdi! ti. nor! rltrNti c. ntr pr ll tudnsc h rsineEacgonli pent( sinc sj penturisI] sRcult.lt. r.erdi notic $blirir.Iln chipul rcl mri tmpcdc in

VI2l .,I4ai r;rziu".cr arlrod,.en.DD. I I j2: t Dtn ! ! r r , r ! . I "" , , . , . h.r

" , , u"Dq_.idr r t r \ r r \ n! tun r ! r t !^ krqlJ i . , , r " r

" o, , , t . r ,_*,

prt ! r rnr ! / !pt ! t r " , r . ,n,r , r .1r r+r, "

r l . " ,^ ,, . ru ' /Jr111r1: l 4_1[r ] r ) . . r f t rc\ id l t r4r . , rrv 1443b t4t .m.sd! i i

- " -^. , "a*"r tv Is, . rpr .

tir:r cr ri B a v. " c,

"",g," o.,, pa,i,r,"r. a. r,!.dk.. n I f.r,g-_\ s./\.,!4

';i;lll# l,lr1i1'" " '''z5-2i Sr j r i ' ,L l n l ' \ l l . i . LtL . .ou rr

. t ! !er t r . r iL m!nb,tustr ! r inne.qt , dr

.0fbu?r Ptr t r , ! n: iJeejndut!nLdu,* / r i 1312 J 2r 22. r ,po^i - , , i . ,

"" - " ;^" , . . .(4.oi,!0dpns,r ii rlnPoD,rm

i

D M. I'IPPIDI COMENIARIU LA aOfTlC,M l,?,,14 l)

l/ .!r!r!tr dd p,ssro,s d'lpir lrJlli Gould.itr'Gmnnr', 1962,p.4),12,n 3.

2? 23., .Nuncs0 , .g!r i impodobi( sr ! iu l cnr i rn, !nnoni€, c l iDr" . ( r iyu 6i t isuo0ivov rdlDr l rvZiovra iuoatr .di dp[oviav xai rrdo<) Cum obseni&lnami, p. 151), n. l. deosebl€a inh rcde pasaj si l,l-,1? b 2i-25,strdc clc'ncmc conune ale ccl{ mi 6uLte va.ieiiii dc pftrc sunrdrarc,itn .nelodir\imisura_(irord<, rao<, rarpuv){lii aceerci.int un cizsiincel:1lah,. dcln,riEeneraLii,p.tivir!Isianijloacele iniratc, puclice ar ti lr0rr<, Irtoq,

'isonar l 4rrJ: l -22r,cr0rcr i !n mpqrd, i \ l l€qr ic r l \n!ruin krmcn, d'ft d'i nu lmnln, i,tr(144? b24-25)...al rb,dclladcliil/nrtc eenenle corispndcil do (in quu$o caso, tritrndosi di fomc dnmmari!l$. drna).il,r/.,s(= ntno + xnnon,a + pa,oln), il nch (= rnho) rclhdcririzi.ne specilicar a1l. prtu dncl6 (= rni)iia+.tno + pa)la) .incelde d doilea(laaeb21aa), .,a\ nho c btt,n".Di, dellr dcl'nizionc Senenre.orrispondc n ,ho {in rll sAo mctro e daMa), armonil c ,rtordcua sp€.ihcr:ella pDk dcl[ ddniTi,,nc gcncrale,

'l 'E/osdclla spclifi.a . Cr A M lvcbic.DrLc, wonls, M,rr.,,d

:ll).riurm cel€ tEi el.mcntc aci lnttuG ele$cntul sccrc(ii rns d4i!!< rddp.a),caninl (!€Ioro,ia) si sraiul (ii{s) runr con\un I aniculmldcadc a Ii'*rcn.rd trgcdti,consdonrica spcciicol. i, oDozilie ctr clc. alt! tei elc'.ctrlc dc carc vr irvorba indati: suhierd (pn0o<). carac'crclc (iod si judecr'r(td!da)Do'Ir Ricot cca..iniemc ;dralrccuvide.popd'eLg.

34 , .A c i r t r i inr iur i r .(i; rijy 6Jvarv Sordv ixa f,doov).UrnezinrerprcrrcaluiRo$rsni(,.ci,)ilcul cltartodtu(orlltrsupcdcic ).fr"iconr.mr.crcd,.u rpinN intcgil0i rdrgnf decaiintcrprrarc! oblFu.itd: ,.cera a ctuui scmnilicaric c lcste dc desD'nr' (Burchcr.

, . t { , l \ I l i t4nn n rdlr€. i ,nDtr , J N(rrr !d ! rmtur.nn derLnhcLl inr , j , Vi crord.uJ enr

e rdrrsrr , !cs Fktut i0r . i r . o i , r . t r r r e.1.r . r . t r { ! , i .1: t , i i '

r m 11.m. .n.r , , r , r . . . . . , .c. . , .

\n i i .cnd.krr{m. inrut tum!nJ\rJ_\ L lcmrjs 'Jeln! i . ru ! . , \ur

o^44rrn, , : d or .^ /n @r 4{y wrt , !00; ,1rrsr

26-17 . ,Curt t i rca rccst . r prr imi-(r i jy r i , rdoJ,1

' ,'."r'p-.

" K.i0apor y) pcnh inr.rrlclml xcc$,r ouqirr uharremk r I e.,- ,rtuLl,..rer | 2rum .uh hrru

amanudol $hn trdr cri ii rshu i "--";u

a r,a,..;rD dnorcmai coproscsinrat jnro,Dlrcdirciirerr{Lnrtnnaru$ddi,dcsi r0der.lMsdepirDjr JoovjdunlacioinreDrerai.d.d,nlnr iu ' . !n j ,nb dnr, , , Jd, ! rnn€

" , , m,r ; r t " r"r

dl)rnedpmhsrr i Pm,[{ 'nfm e, \ rJuvtrft,nlen.ir:?!ie ft : tlrftn, hc rcd,(ndc

h,+s n lhr !,arlr\ der !n!rseb.i<n crunJ n e

4.u,u o! u id *rr * !htein.od,c , ! !hf tmcfhmbk,h.n L, ,nd/ .pt7t ! f p t .2 isrctumr\er rsn ebr i ! \ . r pctrr t r

! trrir'!rr.llirt \J tcLi. tuc^ Ll Lor\r rft r, LhD \DelJlprrhn,o in,r r { r ic . .o i m r- ! i j , . - .* , , * r .sr * i* * .

l ! . i i rcni$ r , { , n.r .1r rsr D r srcr . \pri. r05 l')9.r ao).il.e.&!,rt LL, n*,.n_ a,n,t,"."n^

r i5 z! . f f D dmcs.,Herf t r . | \ ; \rqr ' r pr .3t o? Fr vt 1u- lb2.M ! i .rcnrnr. k o,pr./dL T,3d', pr. 9l!tO.ri E.p flL|Enouhos.

i

)

COMENTARIL] LA POE]-ICA V ]JJ') Iv"em,gt . n. . . ,

vn,f . , r r ' t . i , r . . / , . .ht , . rc. . t ! . , d , i tu,13, L,o1.n h . . ,nsu r t rq.Jt- . i 'n , . ,d ' n4' . . ' .p. )n l

, r ld,cr . rd.r . r t . to, \ . _s0nc .. r i r ' r \c lx, b. . .h.e. .c- \ .o

kl ] lc tor tcelelrLte)si i .Et , I t ! ,m.15.109?r21 {J ' } ; rirra rd ro,rd rp.i 0!6! ndvrt< (.,ael lutru . i0 vedsd

26 Zcoxis di t r Hcrsclcr .nnA ichir ii.itllirinadourtunihrerscc.dv lcr iDcdp XXVI146ibl?.Arh.orel l i { l , t r icbndintrdeasi ide iasubicrc lc,tund.indspnnq.laDedcacBipicrdidcz|uns,scpo.resllnu.xi$c tuo!lcj i sctigiduicsc.,insusnilc mollc,!.c!$!mpdcrnsen,m rie ci are.rir lui vr fi he$ id chip exclutiv ladrlitllilccncr rcdcmodclslor.ficcivrLi!iur.riilcimp ne

30,,Emoria rrasic i . in icxr:A r i ! , i i< 1!o ' ' ! r8 io<rplo/,,,ctd!l rigcdici . cxft tr!trgi.c nirnnca

'cnrimctrtlor d

dcliniriavl1,149b26-2? itr&sninblcs,ipyovpoxr.tiso.olirsino'lnn.u6!ivaB'< (cf mb lr 1417 r8).

36.. ,Docat,_. rmbinrrcr ioI impI i r i Ior" ( i l r ;ndrFd,d ou!io fqoooo. coDrpndi cu coLeldrs elefreire ale&rmci, conshnc. irtigii ! ri.Dr l)etri r{izi lriDciprla Ireocuptre a drmahrlilor. Diift hldurcscrmilicdiv rispunru Lui MctrlnPluiuh.in rrc,intcbn.un sl cvinoirl oon.u6. ttiolul d.drrlci pic{.bili.inbig!,ti cll rlmene doar soiy, Nl;vav6!(, rd ,ov;dLa..oi oij rijv (![Lt6idr oir.roirr'4 rir ai dnoipivdosd,, Nir roi< 0.oi'q iy!).reroir@ rirv kd[{3i.v dr0v{tr!,o' }'ip riL 6Ldo.o,q,6€i6alr i rd o, !x i6e i tarat lDe Etont Ad)c ' tc 'srn,a,34? ejcl C. Corhrb, N,r.s,r,p.cd., MerrlEa, Univ diTric$c, lsr di Filol. clrsica, Vl, 1959, p. I um.). Tot as.,rturuisircaluSchillcri.t{sc odrcdlrtoHunh0ldrGi.at1hGudeman, p. 3{}3): ,, .. nit dch PLxr {e vor$ Lle w3r/e,{r.ir, iiauch dic.iscnrllchu pcris.hc Arli.ir serar"

; DLnjLtcr i , t dr ic!1mr Jrnrc l l5nn 4 r . lu&q. i r e . . t tJrutdc r (p!ne ! fbc r .Md hr lud f l , , !j r ! r ,e J l i ; 5 ' porh( o tu . . r /4,r b r r | , r ln !encrar..AErxret dn,t rh tdt.

-^rq.r , t

I fo.x. . . in, lorm oLrh" 4r. , , , r , . u" , . |a; , , , , , .l], |

'5q p0 Lt,

B-14 Ci Ll . n

mmei/ LA b€!e'r . l iqn\odl lpx.rnJrruiqlr i t \ rernr crr ino.r r . Fr ' l l r to t i - ,n\ i , tenr( rune l , nd3 n!dn! ousl , l

rcn , ise,r . r rdc .u| ani l tu! .

li lill;l"i",li '" ""-" ', , .15

.Mdi r i \cmr,r i rmbrnrrc, r r r , . , . .

t2 Ro\rr / r f , ,g!Ll r . Inorein, t r .^Dq !r(ar l ,t0rur rL f tu I pr j i . je dalru m r , h,nr, . le, ,qunruu.. f l L

: , .T"11(ry,^"*d.,,., , *" a.,-,"" i ,*",,r x..vr3_r! r t ) rc r t ! r+4i .u!r . inFr.r . l?trrhte e/ule

t5L

an['COMENTARIU LA POETICA \] ]4'] b

I

::;l lllllft:+++*,;-l*...i:'l*;cuddnh sti prspm;L .i wtrb.l; ,.:t __"r r. .;"", r" .",J.,mnea urc' a.!ui. !innnrs csior ce osjvir$sc. rlirntr

n i .n i { e ,L, . i .J . . . t ' { ' i . r Il 1 , r 'hB Lp tr / L ' L

r 'p1in . i .u.deLldlblr i , t - t , . r , b. . . , . , \ ' L| 'q. iL! . r ipr 'J . l i 'J1r ' r

' .otc . r t - ' - I ,l ( !d! I d

' . { . " l i ! ! i , ,I l rnbic c ideale.n.tr o lo $cnario occrsi onalc dellxsudio\o mn6iiro,la.hrusa

,l^l c F!den,J,..,n t 'flpEehic.ctcril bcncdclpopolotfco Erchitoirchit !rdrcrc

vcmnetrr pot'rilo deltr sna rrgcdir'..r3 ,4 . ,CDm an mar spus.o. .Cf vt t949b33.

oe , 15u, i . , . , c.d.e

rr i rnt de reDrc2cnrarc. n ic i de a.ror i - .Larcl .xx! t146:. ' r . . por/ . , , .s ia i I ,ov^oa.. f c 'n. J( t l , . . impt, t r i - "a : . r" G d. ' i r .

4E-', "' 14 . b.--':q--i;- qii f-i .-.

-7-p. t t . . .p , \ - f . r . i ,J i " . r

h$er dd , lu i . ,\Lp

' i . r r i .he L-.re. ' l t ' . , t 'L.n.r c t , - e.et- .1, .

m.er in-r .J.v. . . - . | . ddnLn. , 'e r . , .orJ itrM pmsi rotr; quellapo.siamrun rlrtucosr,bcnao bruda cn!. , r . d,ca, - , . d, . .h. . rndon dci loo ve6i. el e$i lcsi non li c.irdno votcnlcri ..li€!ch6csismnochequcttdpesiaiunavoce rnor,rcui ncsuna

: l 'v . ' ' ' ' ' UjJ I

13.. . i ld, ldere, '1.

L -4

r ' d i imJn udd., . - .. , red . - .

- tn, ru imi , . i . , pu.- "dip. / . ' "

r . ra l ' . . .Jru ' , , ' .ude.. .hru. . \n{ . e - uD, i ! , tun. in\-n. !

htAa.,r t . . .h, t . , " ,u . t {xr tc i ,11 .12 : r . . lPn 4non.CL{ r .cr i , r , r . r '

t

mJimul nn'm px mLlclir.flfu \p,"^ t _,tr_*,,t.."en. ,d,cLl ! in r t \ .n \hrntrhl

tr(imr qmd utrdvftshcNticb rn dic frl$hesrn.. vrcn.n:hr

p ,6or . rh t rpa&! rh. t r i r .eerrcPr!r i uL. ! . { pr \d.nuch$pro.e* ip{y!hr!a !n.rej * .4 n!ou$rrd. .L l led\ . r r i rd.c\e, \ $r nh b! ie

". "" , ."^"",r ' r , t ,-"r ' , . irq ins s ' o mb tJ l1r , Mr! . rB oqr h ts r ; o.

lfti:; -' "'iv(nv'idr 1;< o!\'rd' rqi liuxiv

csrrur l s i potr iv j r . cn ca-dr[orr!yra) rdea rcainc Di d.pdc h!.robdc nni dncdr dar isentinifu[ni

7-\ C. r de ,7i rc-\ { mu rre)On!, m nrmk \

r nrd!pnnsj f l , t ' i ! r i i ! r n! ! Ier , . r4 i 'u, . rL luoo,ruuor. , r \ i tu 00.tu. ra.r re

!u!rr . rn ' ; la \ r3r ' !

Lm, v€.h ! , . er le l lnr i \oxl i d. :u,rore ct oui'l x I bx. .,. m!t!q F (!! L EhDrJc\srrmdrc. D4l a..cdr oiabri{, e.,.,i r *um i. a.,i"".iinrr qur d{p 'etr br r rd b\ !nr I

! , tun. qd, l ! { !nr , rn i L lkm..)np,4ru\ ' -Dsp^o,4ktu pu tr ! {h J! f i lL lJ in. .nrrn,c! ,

^ , t . , r .*" u_r,r_. .

COMINTARIU IA POEIICA Y/I /!' b

l? lS, .Frnnosut sr i in mir i 'nc s i ordi .e,(1!r ldp Koriy ay F.'i0(r or rd{a idriy).Dupiun@tebot srrd 'ncddaxl l aaM.r"r . r ; ( r . t078at6),car lcrcrctedidin.rivc e lnmosului sfi .pcnru AutoEt,.dincr(r;n.).nisun Gu!r(rpid) si calna{cade a fi d.refr in( (npL.Iiyo,).ArcNi ordire o glscnc ritozoful N nubai nr $cchcotul stcretorccrcii.acir.rconien'pltucil umpl.&orcligirir|ladnnr[s(De/rn anin.,I t,6,11 h 13),dnrsipcprmar..a.liru vinrti lpdcdcrfiiurlrdtr4c pohvn unci ren(hicli nrar pulin viiJirc dec6t!!er crc dcremni dalil dElor. dr nu mai putir rcri (Pt}{ ,\lll t, 252 x I t: De ecn nnin., Ut 10. ?60 I 3l). Mai,nuh,oodincrse$ilrirddci se p@rdc\c.pcditrinsiri vjxl!seirtilIns.trlcbirc gospoditirc,6miiori.uDdckseleiipinir

'' 1(

1dr yd[o< ]qa!< ]i< iorL rdi ri' (ryori,y dyo]&iov.irdfiay (i,o' (Polr., vr 1. 1126 r 29). asfel iqcllasi,,,oldirca annobricr sc infttiJeri cr !n rapo4 (t\o'y04) inrc.lcrhcncrdu e.ceoacecrplicipeDh.e,ib?olrtodc$one€rD cuseanlinsDdiul nareMri.ilor,al ciiorobiccreconnnuildo mpodri dc csarnde or dc itrcglli1dc itrtc cednt. dc pnporii

nutuiiinnahrrii$ciccr.,ciina.dvirareati.ctuuion,pscarc-dfti a fi sr-i adbuin prr.nirarea uncii din ?rcbr.,rJc rlNniscsub trulrclc lri vna sro vldi dcsliisnriDd!-sc dul urrrnlp.cinc(xlx33,920b34 921a,1) inrturJnccclckicar@rcrc8nintus, Arirokl ponsncirc utrmn o aDtrnia

'nfrinc (rir.0D<),

diptupoiie,caunrdin.o itiitclmnostrtui (a.h.I,l'mn'.lv 7,ll23b7:fi .d\\o< ty ry.ilu .;u(rL, oi [(p0i 6i ddrlioLraL ouasirpor, r i ro i 6, o i i .c t . t rer , l ,5, l l r job22).canrcazdirc odinii. nirMi si timircr, srcru dc aplicrlic a ded dcpii-saste

'romcniurc{eric,imbdr\turd orcar de cuin,s m pireaEnit din Arni.a. pc c.m a,r

naiavotprncjurs-ocirez(vx4, 1326a3!m.),opniianh.futui,.dici drpr ,.ide!I.. idul .umra cct mai Drc rtrnrr dcrftuiiori codFarib cn . b!trd ,nini$alic. iD mar#e drnftii.

iiliLlr

VII

^1 ' : .^ c,r , L b,r , . , | \ r .4r !0. . , . r

. - . 'Lq] ! r . : nr , i , , , , , , . , o , , .Ld.I \ - . ,

' I , i . ,n, . . . i . , . . , ,

mrer ( ,e:{ . t i t ,1r . i r f i , :11. , I a. . . faJ, .Uto2L - i

L l 'o o, i !16r, dr .drr o^o 6. I j

d\ t \ . | . .UunoD,. Io\opnm,.d h ' iLtrct !"knis, ."* .^, t "c l , "^. . . ,1"" ,

(nr \ , lRu bAni l Ct ror t r , .X! l 14s5 ht4! rm

mutk.r i t !< . r , , " " ,^"

. , , . , , . , ;

::I i l f l ' '*- ' '"**,

l5-r- . f , t j \Jn t ! \ f r J. nf i .c kt iL!drur i

o pldr r rn J," 5 ' " . . , r . , ,

, lnci ! r i , , r lJ , \ ! ! n( t r r { rcmitru! r r l f s! in!rd,rr ! . i . ,nk, tu \ rno( l ,1.r D !L \f(L j tureftc I {u rtr[ sp r r,r! .c,,(! o,ei,irf

InTr{ fJr { u i rnn r t r , ! !c n5,\, , r . ru ,

"g, , t o. , " .n"

!u io! uor I r f ! n, r { , ! \n! . ly

, r r ! . . i cr pr ,L t . r , x,r c " . ,

. i , r "" ,b. . . , , i , , r . r , ,Nr q'r m\ / rn n ahnrr r , r 14rrr4J. t m i . l_ i j

1l

,Ll- ,J

COMEI\TIARIU LA POfNCA V/]I ]AJ] Ircesirlrncaopn,s, fi e d0ih mo< _lejjc.adic!.denlbdtsdnr n

^ rc: .h.rur! mtu i r ; l t r t ra

o f r .Lcrr iJ | mri _JuJ Mter l . rJJ! nnu dulct .Lrnlhe(r!d !r r.eAb !rf i r! d, mir t r lon'h tu\ im! inglLruk c l r i \ i renmJ |1r l ; r rorurdoo.,ou4or4! iuL

!€w4. . r( )oi u!{rra( . ;,L jlre lr i!. c Ll.^! btr mrnJ, ! mrrm, )n I ' . ! !D ,un.

.ol ! r . r i epu: JL mr\ imr mf lnm a,eahtd, sru(, ,n \ \a!utal

rct( ,c ikre Pr \ t rmei \ ind \ . i

9..ctrn sc z i .e c i r sc t iceaindoicrdc,osir{ndpeq,reni,t.dnccta

VIII

l6. , .Cunr is j i rc l r ipr ic t rn i i_ cudenian presnpunemul0 reo€ticied din stc

kt'iii, anlorion lu' Anyorcl. cu mai nnh! drpurc, crcn,Ro$lni o ptrnc in lcsih,:i cu plncmlcr dezvolud id dursulurpirolDlui, undc acclrsi vcrh(di.!rat revine pcnrtr I ircnta3$ircro $.oieii ale periroi

20., ,Care o Herakleidi , c.rc o Thcscidi ' Dn,rro p@iii indelelrcili.u He(klcs,inrinrcdc vremerloi Arnbrel.iTvofele poincnes. dc l(ynlith.n. Pmlasis si de Pcis,nos dinLitrdos. n senJc sc dnb0ic lui Zopyos, Diphilos si Pythosdakr

24,. f ic d. o prrc t ic i r r r is tdc Ia letr .u l lu i I i r .sc ( i i roL 6rd r i r l r / i i 8rd gtory)Lacorc fomularil. ificbrc{ c MrL din c.le ce ru prcocupai Drinult F rcoruticicnii lircruri i Andchir ii, de la Epihrn \iDenodt piinii I ruk'd motrim rl darrruhn rAprc s!hr,, Cumcs li.sc, dsl)unsurile au vand dWi vrcmi sj dupi Fnotr3lirrrsgitrditorild,cu o viidniiprcdildieacodali ralcnrului (Epih,nap. Diols, Frsm /.r Vob-.ok r.I, B 40, p 204: {'Ljd,r ira!dNoroy iorr 6.Jr.poy 6i lFvodra,l) ,,ruourotrmur cclfr.idcp.crcp,cdispoTilir nduririiinrrdo cxrird,itrvr1ilora jct.Pi.dr, Olyn,p,IX 100: rd 6i Oua Kl.irLoror ;rav -..cu

irc, ), DitM lx doctida purip.rcrci.iniprciuirorr.crrervca sr cedlb0nitor!tulidcoporividaruri Iirctrl si o teelllle specialll (Ncopl.lcmos din Parion lrPhibdenos. rr.pi nolrldrov V,..1 7.r 8 un. 6€i 6i r. r;roJ ii no'.ir Ki roir d00u< rolii rildooo no,r.oir ..!etulelevrrar1rncv.ic.pcllingli $ii.rrvcnincr,i,!i dcpsnn$... rcf Ho ntr,rdP^,,cJ4i)r ,rr{) ,atu te,ethntrhilr.rinlnar

nt sn'e &dtc nctt, / ncc ru.Jc,.\ rn n8.bd unii oircnarurilc

lirsisrtrmeiesuctrr cr6er/ipoeTiavrdricrdc !cc! drmclEuurcat ip\nrdc.v j \ i1609di ,

[ '

ril'lir

l2 l l Crrur, ,I I nc. ! \Jfa-1,oru ro .d,c;

r ! .^rr ! io ' t t r h j m! i l rmc -p " , , r , , , t """

_. ,^.

mdN\k 'r\

LjpdoE J. p..kr Lrrl i I, pnmrtr rcmu s,

ro r !^v yL'd[.yoy (.,verosnnj]tri c*cce.a cc rcintarnDli d.: : , : .T '1.1, ,1, . - ,

J !eh, ! r . r r Lr" / r i . , i M.r4h. I r 5,

.r.,v (,.tr(ilcsautnuingiiduicc. trDlucnsncal.tcldccrrc$c).

nrcj r,'imr!l reflupLr " L v,chrtr,lj i t( Je(, kmc deu ruaul. ,yonurnr.erorg'c(ar iaul iarsLuihretut \utshlrv_du0i .

M4ar4. Err11M I L,TnE ii,rirc{edr,ls urLh. Amtrpirbrasddrcd :\L. tcds.pp t35 20r i".tut sp*"r

"r r"i

non0. oprn'a comuoi in(|in: 4 cxptqe Lts,vrnfr oRtrrdrbuind nuo. ?dcvrnre .,nnu,, Jivme , I um n rv;r d

";d-q.L'-rnc Dehldr, 'nh

dli o!rtp.< duo€o. ;or!!(4Nd1< d€! 'y uqor i r . r iuoro nolror lv . .Hon(rundprrdeoJircLlumea€{j,r inJ !,r u ditrir lmonioJ,rnruundrrortuur@ick. l " .En Jeryuxok., ,u,BI n t4 lrr..1 uratre La.oar,,ror d. I etthauflrsn !h.z ksprr.sopra pdr(.'4u.,. pMs. 1934, D.2B urm. j D Mp,pp'd.in.Be\ che.r'.xv.t94r pp.79 3rrl. in te^rtud!ure,!6probkmr,v(/i m,j Jcp4rcomcnr,nu J yvjr i155a12

^ 2t 2n. ,Fapr( t dc, n fosL r to,r pe,nuf,rc le

r i rnar h sk5 dc dr i / i rk\rx lur tnrrmp:f{€mhhua@nlre,inrrudc tn r;d! ;l xtx cr rt o.rs, letsMleryHh. r pohhr I (r&.i a rk,ukt va fi rvur tJ d5rojtrc o edr,.3 po.mului homen. ri oft . v;o)h&i, n! r, !.(sut ji dcp6ldur.nftg nu.id€(A' o Mreaol:rc. E rn,turde uniedmnrsr3enqpm 1:0 r .qbtu: i&c.pL, J. r , i i .L lc !Eme e_inrom, d. erhr cpnodut i i s , ru ioscur n tu pt :Fn,Rcp.t

rnttutu.tion r I o.trsft Pei\ 1v4r.tp. 452-459 n.tn scner4t.:suprr.rEiit;homeDC in oDsa

W Altei. l/u,r. The Onan and thcrr&rf,6{Dn,o\fd.l t02.r,p 25B uan. D S MJgotilltr,ft.n.h.t.t Aniou. o,farJ, tq21

D.M }IPPTDI

26.. Simu rrrc? nrbur ie, Elnodbr.p.ktu, inr i rerpqtunr snrc | mr. cind oJistu qj,{6c cisc\uqBlr Llc tic\Dco,ue q rr(* d, |]etu: dc lirtsn!,re.(rt rwi ru odc 0;!-nrnrtc in cJ,r,r cf xrnkcj. E!,piot. Ctrccot F.4'Entd. I tR

COMENTARTLT tA PlsflCA lX ta51 r 1.15t b

\ l?-13.,Nu int , lnnlrr( c, ' p-ur;Lnd sr s. inr lm-lc (oi r; -y€,;u€va... du' dld nv lavoLro). cr. Ir.ro-a.tu!, p. 49 ji, rtr scndal, pci.ru tnibloma $poiudlor dinrtooczic Ai istorie, as-a cutu c discutalIln acc$ capirol.Burchu,p.163-19?i vdgnnisli, p. 14 si trm; Bignami.pp. 133-249cKm.0,LlLn heBrutu mr Doul , \ W C, mmc th. Cr.ek

Attitnde ta P.ctty utd Hhtorylsnhj Classical l&tuics XXVD,crleky loia, Xurt voi Fi,rz,

'n Uitoir er rnr rtcns drnr

trtqn C (Fonddtion Hardt. Entcridns sur I riquiic. lv),andcuqes Genr\, lqss.nr 35 ra5 (J! Jlclali E

^i.t,ne'tnd Inh,I dES nenntd Kapiteh van lJrtotcld P@tik,ln Antjkcud n dene Tnrunt. Nerr Anr,Jndlrhlrr. Bnrin. 1c62,

.4rn 457J, N. Zc!c6. we.en rnd UBpdtne.tcr ua\i'.it.n/".hK.hrlhua!,Diss Koh, 195e.pp.56 70.t.w wrlhrnk,

I l lsrcry 'DJ

TnEed!. ,Hdor s l \ L960 pp:16-)11:C.O t /int , rE!'. H,vvry,n!l a rrr.re r Srh!o/. in , Prtuccditrgcnrrl'cCrmbnJssPh,lol 5i.,et] .n! 13olN.s 6r. re60,

',.

I4-r 9: R Weil, ArNotc eflblain. E\lxi st 1a ,,Potitjquc ,?eis, t960,pp. 163 173 (LcphilosopheentuedLl'hisloiio)

IX

l -2, , ls tor i . t r l iu se deoseh.slc dc poet I r in I ,15lb!ceea cI unul re cxpr inI ln prozi Si a l ru l rnv.rsnri... Gi ri) Lr!€rpa riyov i d[{pn &d,lapNou)htivir prcizldi dupi cdc pocria nFi nundd*ar leeaa dc L1dlira veNului: .f. 1147 b 15 si um. si Conrtratul $b &e{ Esq

4 5. . , . . c i fetrrrD c5 untr l inf l l i teaT, rrptcr ievea lnrampl. te. i r r ccl i la l t t iptc ce 5 arpuroa lnra 'npla (d\rd rdnro 6u4+{, r { rd! p iv rd

r.drtvo \irav, rir ti .i" dv y;voLro).Ce.@ruii$!morciealirdtaistorici! {p0txconsiruinofi vul!nc'oporcdcpo.7ic..,Chirr de, s arinrilhpla(poetului) si si clid.dcil otcmpc luciuri lct€cure, ni s! spnie' i dcpdc, 1451 h 30 ti um.

- i 'df i dui i .dLnacc.eipr ic i ,nx

4

T l

D M PIPP1DI LOMENTARIU I4 POETICA ]X ]151 hop€!.ca mclcdni nfi mpliritclorrctre si riea$ d,h cnrcro.rh'l sip.sibil sl fpdEaci it.din rce( punci,tc vcdcE.cel !c

loa,. Adcvtirdr dcosehiF nr(cuf) sc pore cii r' c4. xxln ].159 r 22_24) in frDtul ci in oDc.,c l r lhf l r . . . \prr \ rc!nre. lmr nnArca(tun . ru i l i

,'+15.c"!prn"r r\ "r I (r!x e'r rmr-deror p. re. uc i0r f

ru,tri.epn! 'n

ksrbrr!d uiut5r n n mriiFoolux dtrlldci ib i l i i rorr I r 'p! , tur i , reto\ rg, , - , r "n,r" . ia, |k.f rn lu l muir : st I e r ! c!J ' ! t r dt ' mr i r l r .u l i r ocnk! $HeoJuL L,unr, r j

^* i , * i " r , r . ,

- , , r . . " . , . i ;n-" t "

. r r ! f in \ \ i . i l rLr L lepo\rLlenL Trmetr ! l insr i ,_r rDU3ao! rpDy0 ir - sc irtitnc|re i.r,ui crpirot it ls.o.rr.r mda s.rlrib$einrcrcpcnmii divi.era [email protected] t)lolilice,crrtj u,"u,c fi&I. pri.;idi, dc { inm! bs! ine\orc rrt rc cr. A rtur ctud,rl^, d!r,,! jdque,. JI, p. 639 si, nai dc cudrd. D.M. pippidi. sri /,t'hitr\.trhn r.t tRrcK]'H(tu,]ate,in ,E r.E-(pr;;,.r. Db0.pp 75- ' )2r Dmpoh\r ! nud;r0!r r"n, ,m,, .a". , ! r ,A"a.preturc r.hr, rlc sragnn mdoNrcarccca rtutTtrcjdide,r.ir'ci rcndlqldcadespindcdirtoulllpticihrcxcveninerr.t{unurryc :/jsroicr rrlrurdcsiSusi rs!ip. cuminccrc*odovs.Jc.. inJlrr.\ (\ 4p.rr../. t.t 2J7).s igutueepl,(Jrc: r,errr i tudn, i r lLmi i rcnr 'exph.rhtudrpd!dnprcfernptur qn{otulr . : \ ! r inTrqi i t iL le!n g;ndrnrpotrh. unrdrar ia,Jmn.crc 'dr tu)dJ. lnnLj t j ! . i r^rn.

6. . ,Mri ! lcasi . , (dnou6a,dr{oy) penku DrcciTecrDlel.sliuicf. Erlr Nrio'r.Vt7,Il4l a20:;roro, lno .i 1.riy r.Iruir/ iiriry {,pdyrory ororamr;1ry oiror €inr. l ! i rd dprdroy l i / iy 16 i ;or ! . iyopord< i lny(, ,4t irbui srcradiotrcvaca {iitrF potirLcl sau inletepcjuD! sunr,nh 3dcltrr lncntridc $ani1,daci,!mcsi conviDserca ctl onDlcup!tr cea'rai dcplcrdincftee{(rt.).

7, ,M! i mtr t i unive's4tur.(F\roy rr i raodrou).cf. De inlctpt., 1 , 0 1 J9 nn,: \;!b ii tua,t\ou 6 inj

n\.!'vor niCuk rrrilq€-ldsa, (o0 iKdoror ri i; rIi, !ioviiap,rnoq riv rnv taodlou, turlidq 3i riiv Kd iradtuv(,,trM1csc urive$al ccer ce sc cnunri dc![c cir mri mulli.

t, rictr1d.ccr dnucorcspunde rcesici dcrinrii: (ntl,,,lruii

otrl. lhcc pdc di dtc ur iveralBi "Cdl ia$ dinrr pdiculirc )Dc pat. uir'. | 641,21: Ii; 3i Kdo.il\o! roLv.; rd'drnl.ioorv,jrdpxovro *a0dlou iil0rL€v(,,univcdalel.srnrol\rct.i: cici numim utrive$al cccr c.itrrlhim la lrar nulri )Apmuc tr lcl. M.rpl' , vll l0l3 b I l.

3. , ,A in l i t i$r universr lu l . Secunoa!rcruhr lco_vianoral &enu sccc tu fonuca dod'insicl&sice niodcmc.

,,Dict6€parh iso,, tondac $tr h lr nrlals r$i8ndc i h poesie.cllc.omicml intclprdrdion virnabk du DrlurulisNccirs{ucic'cncn \.n iomquc se livrcnl bures les bara 161ir€ran.{, cllcost! la basc de tourcs lcs ciiiqucs -scne Rcn': Br.y. car.iInchiiiuill din crpnolcLccclc Drai,.lcfcsdrc alecft! ind,mulh rindud citrre, L lo.trr'r', Jc tu do.rt'c .ttrrtq& en

10 . , i t r c i t rda n u m e l o n n d i v i d u r l c adiusarc '(dv0'[daa inr !o![ivrtlno!hiililozornLtri,trcavo'bnDlDiu.i &sl)E tnzic in remeDii cci niai scncrali t1 lEtrh .m .cdu_btca pocticll trlzuiesb sit cxpinc univcaaluh oo-$iE ca a.eca! individualtirii dtferiiekr pcrsotrlje |]'in dibun.a unui nun'eIicclruia tru pa icipi la pscasul rrrcpiu as de dul'c, c o oPc_

12.. .De r iuns de dorcJir in c.Dedie ln$ncd,rdin roalc riinP.il.,dcdlnd Ci3rcs.,.Piriisind trvcdrvlianbicll. r prins s:i tarc^ reine cu catuctf ge!enl \i \li inchelcn$iat. (v 1.149 b I 3). iar nu roD[i n, asr zis. Con'cdichijlo.ic...niem!n.n! cu Ar{otcl,.un, sc ntlcl8ge dc ohic.icr. Dordr{ h coin.nb rl ia a'd.r, lui Tcrctr\lu (citrt lrBignxn, p 232. t. 2) .n.m'tu pe$otrsum.

'n co'nocdns

nuJr[rar. hrbcr. dchoi r]tionBn ct crliiFlosirmr .t.niminerra connngec, ucr no'ncn

il) iDo'rsh ramrcrut 'b,a (pro{*r" , .o.

-* ; g. i ; l

s#""il:::i.tl";JH***:HS*-.'riic-arcneRrir j.rorBur.h,;;G;EA j--1e:,idiaji;--F-ol-rn-j--!rc-7rr-o,,o ._,;

"., , , r""d^ .,;.. ,.

e l f j ) , rs,sal i inhrrp3 r in fc l r lm nl f . . t r , . d. r tu. ,

" . , - " t . " , r , " p. . , r " . - r .I , ih. , hd.4, .^ id qh.. , . \ . .dt lo.

:dnN0shjroni , t .a. . ,1, ! i ,d Lor. , , , . \cEir . n_ar.o r / ! /o, -nr im(\ , r .hJ.4rd. .

ror \$e: rh,y d ! -F. tdr rTp 'son i . n i , , ao rd. \ o Btb,n. .L.en h .y.sh, .hnI lcc. coudel .kL

In r ' '8-dJ.

h I h. . ,n( . f l3.ctr . InF,c\ct ,prcn.o. !u, cJ/ ,i r , ,b r . r )J6 , .Le. i r Lte (re"(r , r oa!d!r . Al f r t \D!r . vcro.

2L, 4nreut l u ' Ae:r hun, in te\r t rnnete hplr t icr edur re cdllri l0!:L .d hnL uh\

--r a,s . a. r, ,l,s*

-rbra! ' . . inLlA!0a.LlcrJ 4d€!c i !mckvurr .ut ! refvrr lunc',sau,porb,at uRi aul cuoDajtesc0dar,cend.Adr: daiivutiune ! ftupdu Ayor r.!ijcr,utu tu c!d!m,,. Jmpfttrij ( rwrJmowi/ U;n\. prcleidb,t) hrrui,M, ' renrnnr l 4d, ! ( m(LtrnorhJlTrr . .dtrBtunc schcn.svrunr(dsrrssr l : \ud! /b)2nu.*r"" ar*r . rpr"- , r .n Db n r i A!J[ ,m,donldidc, .con(mptr ,ond,.mrr l,ur r !np're.L !n!rdin raetrr , at !opcraru Ansrorol.Iubiddetnnoia ridenlilrmodcst isriccaoprtuJ c r f . tutu, tu,Jer f c\p,n, f * ! r r0 ar. / fk l t t rPfion,runkcii.tui,nrd rdon5cn!mhr.d.*u(\JnLfft nuo drli nrrcuitc ruscroarc alc ttri Arm.tan, hd.ossbi in

COMENIARIU L{ FOFI,IC,4 I-{ /4J] D

2l. . ,Fir ! . . . s! i dcr lctc nr i pul in (o ' j i iv

irro! <ndldiva).Desftrar€aedttariaci (cr.,,151 b26)crnnDt€r.$r do rircsc zl tnscdici Gi, se poaic spDrc. poozici ingcnoral) ituit nu md m nevoie si lic sublinht. C*a cc o dcrermtnl .trdsavur oiile ul \ urriu.e.umurirnc, tn,pdttiLJ,dspozirF sndd.rl s;,blA ii m, d" .fii;ur .-ioGL d. a;;maturE L riodur,sL$'l mr kEnuiid ih\FduGiu.i"bn

t,llg!!s ctr nimi( if,ksdilrde nroririLtrcr s! ad bba Peso_tuFurpsei! (cu. DimpoLi!),(udin acclc pa8ini

'lo ssculitd analizi cutu le lamecul dcosobi. rr

op.rei sale, .,ld senlinenls qm nous font lpouver la jor ouI'ioldrunu d utr pesomrgc rgel ne se ptudunent cn nous que pII'inrem6dianc d une nmg' dc ccrte ioie on dc cetc inlonmc;I iigdtriosl6dtr prehicr onuc'er consista i conprne qk

dms I q ptrcil dc nor Cftouots. I imasc Cun! le seul 6l'incnrsentict, 1a sinplificdtion qui conshtoFit i srppindr puEme!l simplement lcs PesonDagcs iclr $an u! Frrectonncdcn.d,.isil Un eft I€.1, si pnlordemrt quc notrs symparhhio'r5 aveclni, pour unc elrnde pd cs pdqu Pr nos sos. c'ci_A dire nousEsb opaquc, ofirc nn Poids mdn que roh ssNib'lira nc tcurloulorer. Qr'un malhcur le ftrppe, a n'c$ qu en um p.l c panlc

dc h Dorion roirlc qdc ious ,vons de lui, quc ndtrs pounoN en eh!Dus. bi.n plus, ce n'e( qu cn rrc prni. de la norion rorolc qu ilrdcsoi,q!'il poudl'e!€ lni n6tu.Latouvajll.durcmanciort616d'rvdI id'icdeftmplacdcespaihesmpdoatlblcsIl'anepar unc {tDmdreggalcdepdicsimdatCdelles,c c{ a dne qucno@ nme pent Jrsiniler. Qtr'ifpone dis l{s quc los rdions,lc.6oorions dc cs efts d'Dn nouvcru gcnE noN apPir.isscDt.omre vmis. puisquc nous les avons faites n6!rcs, puique c e{cn nouc qu ellc\ sc Foduiscnr, qu'ells ti.nncnl sous leu dePcndlnce, randis qrc mtrs kinnons liivrcNcmert les pagcs dtr 1ivE,l0 $pidild dc note rspidion 3r f inrcns ira de noirc Egrd Et uneIoi! quc le o'mncicr noDs r nxs dan,cs Crars puicm.nr inrdrieu^. routc i'notion en dijcuplge. on son

D.M PIPPIDI

D M PTPIDJ COMENIARIU LA POEfiCA tf t452 a X t152 n[vR vd iorsbLdblsrtJfrqun,] unEvcmJ\d,dn rclc Dl6 clatrquc cu\ que

' d! 3tr,N m,1fm nr q Jud h rcuLn r drtrr

oav4Dge doA 1liciqu jldc!hJ'trc.4nos pflr,Jmr mc hfuf,{5 ks hlnher\ {6ales mrladA tos blc. dunrnous hurnonsrus D \ic dcsdn€e ; onrtrke que qu.s rN,etdlnrtesp,L\ m(Dse\ ne tuus rruienrFm?h rc!€ ( prce otre litcnbnrrvccrJqucrkisrnroLluncn,no!!eink t rocrcepl ior . . .1D,

.lili;t ""'itlt i;il"l',ll?,lJ:;;::r;l " **"-

2r-24. Nu rn , , , " . , .p*; ,* i " r , .u, , . , r , .atrr 'k \uh ccrre o,er r ! dc rrrLt , Ie,(ou iorr !<.LnL (Jlnrtor rd, nopdo€60[iyor Bnooy).Ececaccvarcpera, dup. pdipddicut Ntupiotcmos. Eoilriu, nr Epnr. .jr,

aur ntn,ir n\trcE Jnt ri ..nMinh Lnlc!nLrr r;Drn tuLru!r r.hrJkr/.1.u un ,ndem Jc arov r4d&6or;yov rJooy GtsiXtV 1453 b22).i,rstbi e,,enie'rrr. I fscc uz dc lacut"""

"*""_- "roQ, (d., cu m rind md us: rd r{ nprirrcia

l( r6v nvdJvov. rdvto )dp odu0nord raiiro (,,...riPeri

lcliilc. ii n!triDirea croilor dc princjdii ln ultimclipi: toatlcc$oa sunr pri lejri dc minunaft ) . In axc pas ajc alc P@ridc,.I e nii $unc ,i trairrrk'tv (X] .l54 a 41 )a\_v 1460 b 25).

?. . ,Sr l ru ia lu i Mirys . indmtlr .oroElairu (po.rc

dupd AnioGl, cu usodc ddueit) r d. Plfidh. ato scr, ,trn

uindi.rr,3,553 d, dud 3m cidera naruii i6li psdus ln cmulmci ce€monii, M,riou roi )\p'€iou Kor'i ordo'vd/a'pa0aho< dv6Fitvra xal.oij! l, dlopa oia< dr01<

\rr.o€iy r{ rr.ivavrn rdv MirLov roi dv(I4v

t i i rc ar l r ! to" .cf vx 1450b24 26i

l t , ,F)r l r !srdr i i de s i r t r iL i i t i r l , , re.unortrcr ' (ov€u na,r . ou< i a!r l r 'dpLoIouJ.Sl unJr l rc*l r lb lor l def in i ' ! i r r rp iorulrmrLU',1452a2:(m' l r ) r rm

t;ll

iliiill

. : r 23 . Mrr cur. ,nd pt ismulUr dr strbrccrc

I ruv, ; rp! ! ) Cr.mx\us io l r .uht t4,17b 15.33., .NeiTbutr tc. .c i lckar€[6, ,cucudenu.nrbhci ,

p-e hdrerc, 'abj

t i tocdennr! , . Iqrum: hJnh.,5cror.! . f i \orhdrhr,n.r f . r t452 r l l e um

15-r6 . ,Dcznodimanr" (r(rd(]ddr.) ln intc lcsurdcfini{jeiVII l45l r l3 14-c,.imcrrdclaciarcnclcionch uoa de nctcricne, san de lr uM dc ncfiicn! L! rltu dc rcrifnc

Gl< €,jrvxiar tr suoruxia< i il €ir!{ia< <i< 6uoruxiav

2011., ,E dcpanc de r I i brdocurgc din r l iu l . or i 0trmai v inc duDr el '(!-radip{ }dp roli rd }iyr(oodt rt6€ 6L'i r.i6€ il I€1d

J4-r5. , ,Episoadetc.

'cmcrutu c pEcjT{ii in cap.

Gn(od6'4). vatorcr tchni.ix l l 1452bZ0-2r.A. i in letsd

. 4.,,MinuDarea-(r;oou[aorJy)ccrellll {D m:it r

c i ! l r rk/ jduiem ar l r , rs l ) {o! ru u Cr p/u l , t rTl

rd6O. E cc}lcqm vir L oil dcoseLi.$e. in conccprh Sraeintuli.Dpli ", 6' ,tu. .. r '" d,

-.' r,:it.,. ., !{. Jc.u,s rF uneh 7

;""/"., o.\id^ F'm.iDr'11 'r.ili ,,i"0-;" F

]fi&i r|k muirumili { ia€enrEzc cvcnitu ele in desil-tu-

aSrt|I.ri li tupon! i't .drc 5 d !.6, un(l t,rj rtesl(lrl('

rl q.M PIPIIDI

trl*:,";i;i;til1- '''';;;. ** COMENTARILT LA PO€|ICA XI 1452 a 1452 b

XIdiEna petivnn u;t it pmbnspkndide mhds et iD onnc fiea

,sugc, gltc.txn iu&tu nrro.,,sdrye, nc tonlns tihi nnn6 Mdeno' rn6 deto4 so.dd cr sG/dt s5$ sii;lg--:ifi;{i. rii,ii

::*'*:i,fi :r;rni"ir*if ".T.r. ?j,,: rri.r : i

#ffia$+ffiglril+i"tl"rruffr niq*#';idi,ifrn+''ffif*'m

i, .atc! quo tc nPiDntct tuaelun fad Nox ct vuus; j tccullaonnned ta i q nofttr \.Pu.ta

scztrn quiclnn3:r. ,,in ocdit : osdi_rsc. ve$unb 1050 l03s $i

1121 1135,undcesul.viruiidnrdezv unerimplcjuddlorind lusosc crcscut, !fl! de rndonli crinn si c pcciptai in abisul

rcnnsctuilor ! al dsperlni.34. , .L0crur i nciDsnl let j tc l !+rxd) Evorbu de F

cmuibnbc!rLjuronlanunitor,,scm'e (o €io),$uPnctuovsftveniiicop.xvl 145,1h2l sinm.

6 ,,rligcnia Rclcddlr e la l/iscnit i. Tt\t a ^tti

14\2h

Fldpidc, lo6urilc 725-?95, undc 6ina lndcdinrcazr lui Pilade

o srisorrc pcntu ftrtlc ei. RccutroIr reni, il rccunoa{c qi er ocvr nri riitiu. dupl ce Pilsdc imi_

nc!z.! scrioarea dsinahrulDi sub ochii ci (795 326)lO..,Elcnentul pateIic (rdsd<) lninlclesultehtude

momenrdtrtoosrl&mei,-caE uoli, nulnacclpihdogLc.fn

l2. . ,Dc rolul mo4i lor in l i i t i i r re pc sceor_etc. Lr.ei trci marj pet tasici xLe crror oP-e rc au ajrns

omon csubochiispeladilorsunrcvnab(o:itreuriisi|uciderc,in Ats al loi Soroclc) Lrstrilc'rs.vorripctc.urinsrrsainntJcNna,dcveneccFilo\'dt!ci aneaT{ cr Eschll rr ri

ii j;:".."ril:{i.iff li{*:ffi .f:lFirj*N. pnq6 .a7rtu popta Medea tndjd.t,

lx*,f*r*"*T#i,;;::'#*,,.[mr:l:--

cotvENrARlrJ LA POE C4 Xlr 1452 h XlIl 1.152 b

un p&t 16, alrtun d{potivl din buciri d@iede codfeu ti dinshle.n'k!cdecmlinhg. Pcntus&srDo'(,$higgeh?lcocsLicd )ct .KEnz,op."r . ,p. l l4{nm

' iI

XIII

23 tinrn Se €ir rDriiza acriMiit@gLcc,intcruprd dc

cap Y,ll, cu ccctaJea r ea .c Butchcr numlt .,rhc id$l bagi.

hcro (cf, in cdsa-i in adtea rindud cnrtl, intes cap vIlI.pp.l0z 133). Daoi turinb, considmtnb seRditddlj, oicnrarerotm n ulr spE descrido t gedici dcs irariilc. cittigi tu pra!

zic ced cc picrd i' ecncrditars lnccpo partr pr€cptisricl a

Poetc.j. Asupia scmilicalici {Ltnci r rccomn&iiilor cuprii$cln c{p. XULin sp'cial,in Flcmicr ld Arisrorol cu invitirtuF Dlr_loDicI dc\pr dn!, cf. Lb&M4 t 2r' _

32.. ,Nu simpl i . s i conplcxi l ln condi t i i lc adratc

33-3,1. . ,Fropr iu l acestui soi dc iDr i ra i ic ' -onni F, rpcrd dc a$rcr od. inccpetd cu delinitir din u!. vl 1449

b2l.Cl.Ix 1.152a2ixI 1,152 b I 234., ,Oaneni do ispravi ( i rno(€i<) lnscrseic lu

sivnonr(d. 1453r?l:6.. dFri 6rd;pov roi 6ud1oo'jhl,ln opozi{iccu Xv 1454b 13.u e!rkLr€i<tiebuiclnlclcsc.cchiva:otrtcup€rrio!<: itdicrnd,cn [email protected]'ie,eroi ida$ralicu ponin (1r buno, ric rele) supcrloarc celor ale conunnlui

36..,Rcpulsia (a6pdv). Culand c lolosil d€ Aisbtelnumaiin Pdtcr. fi numt dedoulot (acr s!)<IV 1453r l4),pcnh a carfretzr o dispoTilie potivnici dilci. ca inlclcs. seapopic dd(in mai cneigicl dc ra/dv (.,spaina ). dcsprc car. sg

ciEieinRle!,Il3.1336a22 24:a; vdp sdvdv tr€Dov roiil{voij fti trrpordrrdv roi irlou mi rolrdr( r; ivavrio

XII

#f#*ffil+t5 M! | in3rnk. cr . vt t450a 14.s

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;lT:i;;'il fl tTig.:f liTl:.t;,.*':,,:r;CoMENTARTU LA PoEIICA XIII 1452 b-1453 a

totononic nu mi sc !@ de ajuns ogtindilA in itrbrprcdrilc nnorvohlon (dic mcnschlichc Tc il nahme ) s.u Bywarer (,.d'e hmml@lin8). Dirft {udiilc inchindrc chestrnii, cf. Trcmp de [email protected] uo.^

'lrre est 6,rdv0ponia rgnificatiore atque us4, ia

,,Mnonosyne , Llx, t931, pp 2?l 306, 3i Umbc& Calli,,dor&tlo dr OLfdv0pdro/ se.o'do h Padicn di Arjs@|a,1t

'Aie& c Rond , xll, 1931, p. 243 t um. Pcntu cd ,,rl

Siv;lapdrov, scnrincnro di sjmpaua unLm, di inrsssaento aic6i dct nosto simils, disric.nc . nppreFntrti sulh sccm. a ilMesaio londo rpiritarc s{ cui trscotro i due prtc.lanscnrimetrti del' A€o< e del44R0<,chcAri$orclcaseg0aallrtalcdid comc di e$a c{atcrisrici ed e$crziali Ma ncll oFrad d, il ctri compno a divero da qdcllo dell erica o dclla poh'cr.sonpa€ o s tansLma al !uio, ii sigtrificato noFle che di laiiscdrinetrti, dcll il€o< panico,rrmenre, d ptuprio nells viracomunC (p 251) in legitdrt cu {ccast[ p@blemi vezi sitcrsldin Prou{ rprddls in conenraiul la l45l b23.

5-6. , ,Mi la penrru onul f t r r v in5, f r iou pcntr t r l45lcdl la lcl cu noi .PrdzevizibilsuPc rlirdcbuiiiscrmd

_ 9. . ,Din pr ic ina unei srescl i (6, 'a l rdpr idv r tv ' i )

Cf.ELt.Ntco''.,v.3,1135b16:drdv [iv oiv rapald]o< ilpxdpr yivrrqL, d{Jmud 6rov 6l lir lallrdvo(, dtv.u 6!rarid<, dsiprrK(dllardva [iv rdD d@v ri dpxir (v d'rrQi rii< alrad<, drrx€i 6 daav i1o0.v) 6rd/ 3i €Lbd< aivpi {po0oui\€rida< 6i, d6irl|la (,,cend lricinuim o utindc pcn;asEprate, spuncn ci c o ncbigarc dc scmi; caid trr perca,sbprrrc, dd fdrl gind du. ii ziocn grcioah (cici ori dc cateoi inepubl vinii e in noi comibm o lrc$alli; altmiDteri oocbisdddcscam[)itota:r.deilapuecunn I. dd liri a n skts!.hjbzuin,rivarsin o mdreDtate .. ). ln brE sjhariilc m.ri2t.,€e! ce tr, pc pin0l pldn o clcnentul inbntional De acdr si saicddpE!ce{pasaj Cudcnan,p.242:.,.. Fiir" Arisbteles...sinddrirr4a, aldprio, duaprdvo kcineerhisch.n,3ondernie'n

COMENTAPIU LA POEfICA XII l'153 a*,,::,::ll:""" iifi :ff , J'::,I;t"Ji:l"t.J.,,J

D. M, PPIIDI

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lnkcrturd.u.(rrse etol"r xV l45a d lr 12 )!\v 14il

b20. in l .Srtud.u 'nr"^.nr i , . . " ' r rur xvl l l la56r 17

29., .Cc1 nai t rg ic dintrc poet i ( rpdv' iornro<

r. rtiv no,r6v Odiv.oD Debunlsin!.ininrclesulcrccet

na, ho*i ( | m s rdrt ' pdcrG sJ tun r t i ! 'Rtr ! :ururu !L

lou,ulu, f iqL t ,L 'o 'q l5,r 'dn I 'v 0 ' r r Oo0ro' ' raro<i EiNai6i< 3J0 ralri adBn, PYio<iiady!6iioo!. |.j' ra!ro'c !( oji €i no '

rr€F <

EuflPrde \i{dd *l m:s

'uhirc3 siJDbtrlir Pi d n

rr{@t.um nd nrtrdlaa m! zbdn \u (k l ! lh pr\ iur ' i i r

Lno rr l , in.X l bR.. ,tu.," i,' q.

-""u-..o*"nt tu.k pr ir'pl und' rrl/c

-,""F='p"r,*.,"-(r'i" kcJLurl !uricvo d'? Lle e inteltAc

idJc.;b -i'ro"r",

tuD d...r"rc dhD I nenrr (GutremrL

mr!( Ddos r inlocu' sul aLirul rto''liroroc nrn ('mPl

ff ;r;@r*,*F',)'dd'r"...iir,ItrLrc!d! ruicodhr intr o

drdrr.uEckcrmlnn.l: 13 nntr L3l7 nu riulduir\ (,

EuriDide l. e,rckt(le lu' sr.( n! 'mniedrt

\' h€ !i

vd;,( cnlL il lu, surlde ! 'l

ltr' E{h'l chitr de; nu I

inze{rat.tr sublifrr gnviuo li.u libra dcsivirsne dislicl r

@r.r [email protected]!r o poc. 'nmric

is,i hrcad drcna mt_

uD chiD nai ftzlnoal. cu ur simr al omliej JntnciNr cxagenr'

Itut ildoial{ cuno(a p. arnicni d.stul dc bnE pcnku a inicLcec

crbcmairclaenronulftcntsitlrctnuisultmnhporanior'sl,po'.u, nnd te.src S(Et rLnumcl priekr ar {u $ !3rc

Ar lGb' l f aF a t r \h ipd€o*brt pc \ ' t r | lL lminMcnsrru ' -

un rsrremz p (L nutr'LLesgrl](oo4\ir.(Jschl.lcl,{ htlt\E rcruLc'u urur ui!irttdc tuc

ina,nks- n r k€hur nrr fe rne,

x.Nmh' 'lc^\ffu.hemr E i rDno,Bs m lo55 p Jrol

CI qE NodhrlLr' D.Eu"depcE,Dn'rm' r'grtu ui\\

HdleNcs,IIL r 373, pp 279-319i C Dia\a. EEipittc 'ubu

tu h

'dr,!a^n tuliirue. in 'Nmci

VIll,1961.pP llT 14r

i.

,... ii;""i,,?'""" "' '"''..'-', ' **,,u'COMENIARIU LA MET]CI, X/Y /JJJ b

rcao crli occhi, lo ip.e inon*iamnb c pas,vrmcmc. alhscinaro da quella vhionc chc lo ui8e col suo bntilo d, pasioMle

23,,Uoidcrca Cl i tcmeshei d6 c i tc OresrcMoDenr c dlninml al t|8cdi ci A Itizilo r ir lorro dari lcgendci,dupl ca! se pft. pcnh intiit mi de Srcsichoos, !i {uNicl6iclpdn til.gia lui lscbn.

24.. .O' i a Eryl i lc i dc c{ l re Alo8ond{ din ciclul rcbatr, AlcNon isi ucidca mm, po Erylile.penttr vina dc a fi dczvihn locul unde e asctndca so{ul .,,Adnsb. Dsvopdi, a@$d ii Slsho mo,nea ls Tmir.

29.,.Medees .Jnragcdircuacclatinunc,vorsulile 1236

30 .Oedtp a1 1ni Solocle . Oedtp fsqtu crc.l&l!dinF, ercul l9t ucide p;rint.lc in cusul unei cene p.tccutc .,inildaactimiipmpiu-zhc r danei, potcrni id vdsuile 300 i

31.,,Astyd{mas .lbatd A$ydsnasccl BItan, aurorhSic conEnpom cu Arnbhl. dcrpft c{rc sc spuno cn e n sdhnn nai purin dD 2,10 dc heediii ct. A&.n.. t 33f 3,1a.

3l,.,TeIesonos'.FeionlluOdiscusirlcnccr.desDdcdc sc povenoge ci, 1nmis de maicha s!+i g{seascl trrrl. illciscso int-o inciicnrc, Bri rl cunoasrc. Dupt inJomatiile deca€ dispuncn. cpisodul d n fN. prt ln sceni de Sofode inturdir'06!oo€,j( drdvoor),,if, ii nai 6rnu, dc Apoll.dot dinTa6. Din op.n lui Solocle e E ri inspnrt F.babil Njr!.i triPacuv ius, Uudlri de Cicem in tus!. dr'sr!r., II 49

33 34. ,,Odiscu rltrit . Tragedic ncc0noscud. S.!rputoa sl n€ voll)a dc oduoo€i'< drdvodn).i! a lui Sotbcle (rc,inou prcccdcdril), citr6 de An(obl din ncnoric, cu utr tidumodilicat dupi conrinurut pi€sei.

36. . .Ahr i dc accstes. r l t : s i tuar ic nu- i .Af i r -drtldl!rc Fineisi de iiza imcdidraft.ricc inlililaro surr itr rumtu dc parro. Cotrtadicta se

11 ; . l l '^11 T..r . : ' , . , aru/tr .poa,c. h (onldio"*, t", et," ,x_1. "*,:_,.

,,,,ii."}:#:;"; 11i3;' ..

p-.4i" , *r',-.ru, 1,. ",.,r.0r.r

XIV

""."..:;1;;.:"il i: i i i:;, ; ' ', ;D' L,Lca,,... L horc!" .C1 Dx u!nuhtdvtqqhl**flffi

*fi$?$**ffi

,,il;1.*+:'',r:,i*fffl ft"ili#.,:,ItCOMENTARLU LA MENCA, X\ I 51 A

XV

1r.,,AlcsD . inirblesul dcsuperiorEnivclului cofrun,cum $ spu\ in.ap I l l443r l 5si l6-13

13., ,A.sa cunr im sr i ta i .Cl .VI1450b3i ium?0-21 , .Micar oi femeia c . o l i in l I i r rcr l_

oart . Aceer{i pisrc sc anlib ii in Pdhlca. I 5, 1254 b 131rd dm€r np;< rd oillx 4Joa rd liv Kparrov r; 6i X.i0ov('rpdnul de la

'nascul 1a lcmclI c. dupa fir, . Elalh de la su

pcdor la infeilo/ ). Pcnhr o clsdcrizm mai conplcill,feneii,.l torusi Rnc.. I 5. I161 a

'i.2 l . , , lar robul l rcru nc! !ebnic .cf Pot i r , I13.l26oa9:dlr0v };p rrdnov 1i ilan&tov ro0 60 0u ;pxdrdi ai dn0€v ron 0iI€{<, R! dv,ip ra,6o'a rai

'dd'vt/un.tsr( riv rd [{t a ria {'!xi<,8u{€pdvro< 6 [i, ]dr 6o,a\o< 6lu< onr ixa ri

Foul.urro'v, rd 6i oilr Lla [ir', dIN ;tr!pov. 6 li raiaixe Iiv, drr dr.\i<.. (,.onu]libci0.snccnesciavuniin.ltchip decar sofl n.vesbi ori rdulrul copilul r micrr c! plrlrlcsufleinlni sunr lc.lextl rn brrc dcesc lijDle. ele Bxistli in necarealtfel: sclalulcliFircu rorul dccbjb?uinll,fe'miao m,dtn mho6laE.lrcopilcxistlam6rdorii,darncdczvoltaie ]

2l 22.,.Porivirer" (rd dprdrrord). Recotundalreoludtiti deflodirinFr^r..JtcAsd,i.l5aFl5? (cf.3l5 ll6):

actdtis cniBqre n tatu suDL tihi norts,nobilibt:qte dect nttwis da tu\.1 tunn

(..insc.nnli1l bine deprindcile fi*r€i v;ric si di t[t{iurilecnvcnitc .aadcrclor schimbiode o dafi cu anf )

23.,,Ascfrinarcr"(rd duo@v) Dupi o lcchc piircrc rlui Comillc, dopurii dc Gudem:n, in lnrenla lui Ansorel .,!P-dtnarea n r fi dcctr a(I)cciul pcnku dareLe trdirici. ccca ccnumima{i,.ndovirul kt ric rdnpiVahlen,uflnddcRstl8ii.rplopisrca dc naluri. Accrsi din d'nI l.reqmrarc ni 3c plrclntlrtri dc dcsltrsirilc .fe.ite ccva nxi depanc (145'l b 3-14).

iir

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CI]MENTARIU IA POEI]CA XV ].'54 b

cFu li.uti si ap.ri F. sccni pcnru s da dezlcexE snurdilor color

425d:ol rpale6mobi, tno6;y rL dtroflio(y, iri rd<Brtxaydq Korrt|.rilovdt oen< aipoy'€<),imporivaciciaavs

N deB jhtusit, nin .isnns ui.dice nodus

(EpisrdnkPrio,t,r9! 192. Ct B. Stompo,, ?ch.r 'r.,trr,nctk tzsedia secz. Pd.n, 1923; A. spia, u,rcrsu.rd,gen

2a DeDs er tn'cltirt bci Sophaklcs ud EDirzd, Konniinz,

1 . .M c d c c a . Tnscdia lui Euipide rr ce, duplr ucidcrcarivllci ti a copiilor, croim scap, de rrTbun,@ lui lacon irttrindu{c in vizdrh pc un cal intuipar (v€tsurile 13l? !i M.).

2. ,Episodur rnroarcer i t 3 re. i t o a. . )n l / ;da, t r l ( lum., ArcDr impiedic! l€ eiecii de$0nj4i si ia dnnul p8lci,munratrd rr c!6i€r Troici.

't...rr OedipuI |li Sofoclc .ElemeDrultrlional lacuc se Isca rluzie d lii dupi XXM4a{ a:lFl,, ienordnlaerului 'lsp€ cddiriile nonii lni Lrios.

3. , , lmirarer t rnor oaoer i mdi atcsi cr ndi , .

13,.M!i 'lc aoi (trr(€i<). Vczi nrisus,nolll,)fiI

14 .,Asrrhon" Citneaetudoielnici Dcsprc Agrrhondrci int adcvlr e rolbr de poctul tragic cu ace{ nnm v€zi,maisB,noblalXl451b2l .

I7- l3. , jn scr icr i l . n oas r .e p u b l j c a t c . Asuprdrnlerosurui &.$ei dmnei. veTi IntadDcctc', pt. t2-11, \iA. Jatrmne,I r.rd css.rertt dt r4r,itoEL, |tr .,Alli dcll'IslirurodiScienD,l}tdccdAni .Il3(19s.1 1955).

)

XVICOMENIARIU I.\ I4)EIICA XVI ]151 h

{Tmd. MMtr:..... lc muMlo Prnmishlnl slll vetreD. /De mna i vcchc dctc acum bimna / si plpl-

23.,{ i , l1 le l de porcar i . . . Ot j3. ,X}1247221,m i

(l 6' ;i'. 6i, rdi oijF dropa6;< it\ro' rL s.i1d,dOpt I Lu ]vijrov rror!0irdv I ivi ousd,.oiliv. riv nora r( oi< ii\dc ror;. dsdvnnapv,lodv a lrod/ra onv lidoo An'o\ritdr

Crnd.Mmn,,...si.ilcusudUlis,/v-sltutrscmninvederatcu.m / si mi cunodcli si si.ni dali c€za€: / e rana cc ni !1cddhhtul / cu .oltu-i alb cetrd cD ti'sci cu lin / lui Autol'c pe mun-

30., ,Scetrr B! i i ' ( tv roi< Ninrpo,<). E volbi dcrcc0no.lrea lbia I onenis r lui odi$u dc citc doic. Euncbcr.Vozi nai sus noralr 1,154b27.

30 l l . . ,Nrscoci tc dc poea.Cu alEcuvinle,md$cuqand io chlP Deviabil din sihpla desfi raE a faDtelo..

31 32.,,in Ifigcrir" rrgc'i' Tsui.ta lui Euipide.pomcniri si h.i in.inte (xl 1452 b 5 8) int o odinc dc id,tirsnrnibdc. c€a ce Arhbbl ticilitarc dirrici ! celor doul Eunoculnimnt rl dE rei: nno. r Ingcniei dc cikc OEnq d loc in .tupriE$ in clip! cend eroina incftdinlcpcdrfl ai ei (versurilo 74? { unn.), cati vrene dezviluirca idcn-rir{tii lui Oftst c dontl {te cnr si inrinli ctr aryDncnrc puP itgura lui de poet (vcfurilc 300 si lm.).

35-36., ,GIasul sureic i i in ?c.cr l lu i Solocte".Drm lui Solocle (N{uck. Tns. Cnec. Fnqnt:. p.212 n6.)punc! in se thra povene a iicctor lui P.ddion, Pocne siFilomcla, dc c&ci ninunte nc sunr lllstraE ln csntul 3l vI lea 3lMehnonuitot hi Oritt]r, ven dle 424-674 PiDgIitd dcctrmmrllci To*!,apoj mutilarl, sprc a nu si purea minurisi

ilrlI

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ri&_d dp imoy toirda dhxd,ou^ry, a,i, nor; r0 oij<,i\qe

)

r3 l

li:il::J:tTi,:ifi:iltJ:1""' d", . d.',a''",.;CoMENTARTIT |A J"OF17O{ XV ta55 a-XVI ta55 a

XVII

23.. .S, s i tnf i l i ieze i ra inter ochi lo." . Reviner spuF clpoeNl e dator srcatrb I ialc drMei ls c@ lucreur,tucercinnai p, a*ic nn Dumri Desu I rchunii , dar p6ni si asFctul lizic alpeFomjelor .hmte s o FalizeT:. I n r8asri ordine de idei. nu iftrl inrcrcs m[iurhkcr unui dFmnurg ca lben, t! legituri cucrcarc!u!ui! din cioii srr:,,Auch iiu$erlich nu$ ich vormnhabcn bh auldcn lc9ten Knopf, wic cr sleht und eehl, wie er sichbcninnr. wcl.hen Klrng$inc Stinmc hal (citatl!O.wrlzel,

26.,,Karki tros".vczi misus.noialrxvl 1,154b22-23.2G2?.,,AhIi!raos .Nn Jlimd{.it{gcdhhkcagiq!

a*tcl i nuld!|, nicl cdrc va fi lost dul pcs.iljuluj cu 5ce$nume, .unosur mai dcs ptjn draDa Ini Eschil ,:'pre t-portvaTels,veFnrle 563 S25.D tecrp€ten'ilearsiene,sinsuel se

9.. , in r td.di lu i rhcodcc rcvczi nai r$ nora la )J 1 152 r 2r. Dcspd o hsodie a lli ioriruldi

10..,1n Fj,ctdc . Tngcdic ncctrnoscuri { mui aurornecn.oscut. Nu sc vcdc lcsi{ura posibili inh subicctul ci silegcndr rc3oltri Finc!, pcdcpsn dc fednauti pcntu rinnc,

r3 14.. ,4.1iscu vcrr j to. Dt,ct ,or"( o6uoo€n<{oM.y}€Io<). AliE tngcllic nmunosclla a unui ruror nc.tnscul. Ca subifrt, rcbtris si sc fi rpiopiat dc cupnnstrl ulrinclor

13..,ID Oedr'p,J lui Sof.c1c . atddrp tsc, vcrsuil.1l l0 ti trn. Cf.}.1 1452 r25si33.

llt..,Iriscnir".Itgc,r Trrn.irldiEuripidc.Vezimi

skni,a batbtuin rtssnati caniLk b1apurpurcsqle ,otns tjtb jnbxuit atbjs,

udlue reidt dannJc s.sLu togtt \s7€s.t91

, ;.T lr:lT,tjil::f fr:#;t:il; jil:",;:.i;:...il]::fr ll. :,;-,':r.rir;ri'lri:i"tiiilr ;hil I ;;;;,;;;;J :"1;';.;.i".tril"il*,.;,":::_'-". j,l'1":ll";T':.,::,'"::ili: iill.;;.."_- -2

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;il! :tt*#llh:r $r r;rrl'i:"r"-'"s"'"'"ii

*,ilt*,ruull,',,*I:*m.

a1 . l t tEenta ur po/yido! Sof isru p, i "n^

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' I

in:c9dcilc de ceird.re .,inelcerCoMENTARIU LA PoETICA .lwl l4$ I

oTelflrhN$uPcrcu; rrcl, dc nn vei sti si dli grs:enrmcnrcto,F{4qhbuic si lc erpini. ot voi rtlpi, on voi izbucni nr ds...).

j3{ , .Dc ac€ea darul poeziei mi sc parc ra roctr l l lu i mai curAnd in indir iz i i ! rdonios inz.s-[at i decer in cei scoi j d iD I i rc (6rd €i{ ,u. i< i r rorrnri aorr <l'IloD i udykon).uDutdinparajelecetcnajdncurare arc rodi€1, din pricim radiliei nanuscise dstecinoasc,c!re supnmr p. |'arloy in dndul 32 si prezinri l{€rdolroi in tocdcr.drarx0i tn randul33 Ameoeprar€ lnc,,le to! cdnoni, dr cenrc dcoporiivl dc buna t4etc-geE a rcxrurdi si de reddilc ru i A; eorct .supra obaiiei poeziei(cr. notr la ]v 1443 b 5), sunr intesnite de vcsnrnBa d$rtsliunc, irdrar*oi (orerirr dc un sinsur maDusdis,Riccntljhus 46) a ron crcdirari d€ Magoliolrr, ,,Ct^s.Review,Xv,p.54.Intiodtrerainbxratdld\xdycpfope\ideGudenan, tnlcd.iar pc cercerinlc rui Tkasch, ,; r,biscl&u.bdstzhE .tu P@tik dcs Ansocler, p. I t 7: rn a.etasi sns,v.acum si C.F Elsc, At{or.t poer.r. D a36. in cepiveicfondul, asa cum m nai sctso (od sus, pp. 123 129: ct.Apendicele lV) ni sc pr€ umurir cli laconica rijrmslie a luiAnsbtel pddc fi judeca$ &ciir ca o lu4q !!c Fzjtie inporivr

. ru l ) ; ro lp a! a lho dudpu(arcm,dlr i ! r . dprcro, . !arnr .A!dLaD€d

BL,!_

:r l.;ll::l:[L$lt,ijiJr ;H ];""rif i;;ri, l , - ' . "

"op, __, ,*_n."*n".

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29..Ar rudrn, te Icrs, i i .Uctur- Acc.Jn rec.m. i .

Ii:rd:i:#::;l,, r""..#iiif :##i :'lf llll} ;illif l;lillt;Il ilJl,r::H::T"::,;: j:;:it ;#;J't,lt::il:fl,.; ::T lt,i""liilJJ,:i:;t!, _,.1,,"jI,.:1;;i::i,.1:.;"fi;:;,I ::l,I"i' ;:,i:;#;: i:t t,:i li:, x:l:1.jl:,T,t?,t:':t :"i;1;

dndd b1ts adidcnt, ih nedbns adsunlnbDnt utttu. \i u,tu ncre rateL,tutu 6twnuntp\itih). tlntu"n krrihD kncut cteph( kt pejcu. n8tc s nttlltr taouenssut doniab. sut ndcbo

i',iilT,ll"1"l,i: ili .'":;iil;i': ;"ll;i:1ilt,r",:Ti:,nduru',u rn\uu Nund,. rdlr hi !-n*t _r-,r.r..,;;;;.

ddinelq penta cm \q!l noflt r lFieri, d dtr !]Qrultti. ori urhaEa unei consrlutii parotosie, decar lib.n\ :a- : !wl l { l lN1u!

hrrtriE a u0or 0pLir!Lrini 0rrJtr ftd6a'nrcS aliii,iha pnreiiareva randuri din ptrlinicut ro,rcr )i fiJg]ft0L Lrin Demrnrrcprodus n ooD ts vtn t45t l 24rIn re4n ord,ne de

'dcr.dttJUs uo

'c@ cc sic perul sub inlcmnul entuzi^nului si 't

inrpnrdeidivinec int ldcvl'rronos (BluDieh:no'rri< 6i dooa tri,dy lpd.l[ a{r, iyoouoLd[0i] rai i(poi, ry.tlar.< rardropra aoriv. cf.cicero.Irrdlraob,o.I r3. 30:,.ncgrrcnimenc tlr]1n Democdtus qucnqtranr pocran nncn0n csc po$ea comenbnur lui A Dchrc. ,s caeptiahs & I entlnDixsncchq tct |hilt&,ph6 pn:erztiguer, I. 23 si rm.r d€ Nchcni.

ill

rll'

D M. P1PPIDI COMENTARTU LA PoEZCA XVI 1.155 r 1455 b

Fr. Pfisrr. Etnasts,rtr PriJ.;.dr. A' nb mll cbrxbDLun.Etcnn-zungsblndl,Miin$ei,1939,pp. t?3-191).lcnhA $oEl.dacicxir@nu unei lntcsi cabg.rii dc p@ti inakalt cu o ndld exrrhQ nu pucr li risidujt!,lor a6r dc widenr era !i rapid ci aceliaru coNrituirn d..i! o cxccpricj din ce du $ por rrgo .otrottrziivahbnc penrru adivnaba lEtici indcobne (Cf J. Coissant.itsrorc cr td nrs.e6, pp a6 -.17i K. Svoboda, 1_ r Jlrqued /,1r,3orc.pp 5l-53) lnre 4lo!€i< si trcrdrLf .ij tnhDocrii.rcrsc,eDa. pd ntodi., p6 di.ciptina cd @ a gudmzia .ij roi,,per f&dc c o.cnpazionc di mcnrc,. (cun h spune. pe urmctcstaeintului,t@ailo Bnni, nmolr h s.h -phj Lxod i kc tn s ctti lb,hcss. yo! H. Babn. rripzig-Bcnin, l t3, t. 59), pduifu lui seindesplii sprc cci ditrtli si eer{, jtr'lccari Ndru s o rariti.e, inourloravmm,oscrieinfter3idcpocri s:indno'i,del.Honru,nr vdsur r09 rt Epis.u/ei.ih ?,io'i: ,.sdih€ndi rcrc secre estcr pdncipiun cr lorr' (ndr epcr ntr lorr. ti inrcles decat cr unpnncipiu ratioral. 0p$ lacuxrtilor tuisrif cxrlkte dc scddodl DBmoctir cL, hri dq@. apmdiele 19. penii td valdry:.,ceI e{pasrvcodcsabsencescrdls€vesqrcl,onifrpo$ilapaotedc n frtc,cux cr de si r es aiusrcncnN La vdihbte condirioDd'un vdilablc poarc c* c€ qu,it y { Jc ptus dnhrct dc t,crai deI.vc. Jc tr,y rois que cchcrchc. volonirircs, a$o0ptise,nent dcspensed, consenieDcnr dc l nne t

'les gines exqui*s. cr lc

donphe perydrucl du srcili.d lyarie-re-, L!. 56. cf.p. 1031.,J aimc ccs amrnrs de h pdsie qri vcncrcnr rdp ltrcidene la

'lalssc pdu lui didi.. lr nole$c dc lcu pcnsis er le Emchcncnt

dc lcrrrdson.lh sNc bicn qu.clc n exiSc p* le sac,lzodel /,.clbdd ) Arupn dibrenloi dinrc poericr tui Vrtiry(r€rvrt) rr reci a lui ]rrenond (inspnatio). vc, judicxffete.bsc{ao' dc In' Add.d.Titgher, Srd./id &f,r.:. RoDa,1934,pp r7s 176 Asupris.btcmci.rcdioilne,inceEnn,l s.sond.Lt ptobttne.tt s6nje.p^t\\, l97a.p 201 i um.j Roll:nddeRcndrn re, l_,cxprr.,.! d:,iu., paiis. 193$r p. Tnhrrd, t-c/,r\rdr p.,irque. P!ir, 1940iin sla$n. Livi! Rns!. Esrcricr

pdzitJ,iric2,Btrctrftsi, l944,pp 1?8 lS5,adfliincheieE:

'Ahcfe liric! nu sre dtcevr dccat dctcmindr N ntlo{a

mlionalcaurci st{riplinedeb$tnnesivib tic,caEneinbtu.einlondulesertirl aleri{cntci,rcchc.niinninrcolrumoasipagin[ dir JacqEs de LUeielle. dc cupds ascn]ln{tor .,ltje meprjs r p.Nd $udain qm L'insdi.lio_D c'Clrlt ccla: notr un eanspodlabdeux, non l ivrssc Eindiloqjqcgg4-4-pujrj$ !!!-lb!$-t sr\ dolh crts r?.ulkpasrsr. nir\d.in. ! reN,lon0 eelle cs bicn cn noN ct cc qui la pnoque, c'e{ notc p.rvon dccooccnbrion. nolF volont€ dc pancnn l h connaissai.cvCnhbh dunonde (!e,Dert diu an 1c hlagc h Glce.Pdis,

l..,Pilda rfigcnici".Od{lnainlltevoftader,gcDi, 1455

5. ,,Jcrrliti Zeiiei ir dnmii, c volba dd Aiddis.Arisolcl ii tcoc nrmlc suh ilcer. podvn inbnrici dc a n0 inua

7,,De trn zeu .apotlo,duial.! i frrcolO€srett'gpnnErdlibnr&pindi.Cf.vc$u lc72iiumr.,912.976iinml

I 10. , ,Fic in lc ln l l t rchipui t dc Eulpidc .cLxvr1454b31 34.1.155!13 l9sirotelerespect ive.

10,,Fio in fe lu l rnchipni t dc Poly idor" Vcd,m.i nN, rcu IaXVI1455r6 7

l2-13., .Nunele gir i Ic . Vczi , mri sus, t ror ! la

14. ,€pisodul ncb u nic i

14. . ,Si r l n in lu i r i r pr iT{rrit vcNurile I I 17 si um

' ' .Rclc inr !chrr : !cr^

n p tr ri ric! r. . ri&ri,

15 16., . ln cpopcc. !oc,nr i c lc i i 2s,snr i lnn

simea O lugdr .onllr4ie. dicpope

'i ragcdic,In crp. v l4,l9b12 14

D M PIPPIDI CoMENTARIU LA POEnCA XvlI t.155 b 1156 a

"*,', -,';.l:""1 '.U:,.'.' *'' *' 'u'''-"'

" . i ; ;1, i ,-; ; , ' j i , t irL.: j j , : ; : i :1":; iJ".:Tl,it" I:: l':ill" -

,3 " ' p" ,"'i '. pi"n

XVIII

, *':li Ji",l "u: ;J,'J,",: :li::; ;::,:*?.::,; ::1Tlr "r . r , , " , r"g, r" i " , ,o_,. ,

H:itT:l':il.",:',irt1lt'i"",. ;:i:llH fti.,:x::tit :1rtropD/ \;t!! 14 61110r Lcr xr|v t4hor 23\ lid

' , . " j ; , i . l ' i . ' l ' . . , , ' ,Th\U.]e! 'e( .Ve.nl5!s., , ^

r : . T. . se Lt , r rc s!nr Lle nirr ! retnr . Cl . , \ l t "hn.urD(ft A ijhr. \ F a,(/ \.s \ rt .ruEa 4 er{rs x\ LL

#iff.:;3 ifi,:i'i,i"1;,i:it;?: ---..",'"-,,.unL, j r jJ f , e de r , re t rDr vur

iJ,i.,ilillill ;iilllll"i f 1ll1i:i;:ili#t:111 i:"':J,c mq!d,u rrJt , \ tn.nn, 3c. e! .Lrr4de L\4 l15s. | , tu r -;-Jii j-1t;:i,5.1 h,l'lli,:i;l:,T:,:t,J:,',1:1':l:;iti. i

fijtiiti;:;i :t':t,;1.:;:iil.; flI;f',J,iii:''i:?'| ,u nin i . m/ n n(\u d( l t r , ruDnJ

"r .n . , .u o. _*, , . r" , *r i , .

sseMid i sotro I aspcro spccificlmoft tagi.o. it npoto (dico)ull iprd,tlelhTrascdiasono: Ln€Atr;r.a *ai iivayvdploL<.l trn, on l'altrcontre$r(clr. v'l1452 b I sgg.) e co{ituenh mlbdo nn unica cdr,o$ia i naFi rrlv b-dfori 2. il ndgo<, di cu'Adslolclc ha rdio lunsa e dndnh tanazionc in xtrIi 3.l ioo<,sucui i lcap.Xv:4 (r i rdorov 3; ,coneclc 'ncorounpocomsotr odinc) rr it{r(, dclk qudlc hr (lctro in xv 1453b I sgg.chsunch. dr esr d possibilc otuncs l'ip-y0v della Tftlcdi.,quan tunquB il v.lcdcnc si! segrc di pdctd mcm valcdo (p ?2)

] 'De t ipul . . rnor Ai !s sau Ir iot .Curhcouvj t r .d. 1456ntiaScJii al ciror Drz r ri alciruit de o inlanpla( ror dlir dczguduibarcuhc.lnrihuldcmplucira..nebu aisi'tucidccrlui Ahs (ve7.i trsLrlia cu adi n nc r lui Solbdc), it in !l dojl@,

r 2. ,,Ft).t)dele ri P.icd . Snbiccb impn'mnirrc,probabil, lesendcior in 1c! rn .u Ahilc si ctr tuhilir luiOoL!'ri(( cniiriinhtiotreBdiepridutirluiSofocle CiircnnIlrI.jq prali *risSofoclcti ErriDid0.

2 ..Tra!ddir spccracol (ii{r'<) Cuvltrt corupiconjatua ;U<

' a Ini By*rtcr.

3. , .Fd.c/e lut Fo, l is ,c l ror rc l iunc sc pcrrcce in Hadcs . Fcrclo lu i Fo.knc u liintc hbnL.rse Snen. si Gorsoncsvusc$ dc lrptnl ltisctr. -. Mnul lri Proneteu, de to! cunorctrl.lus.su tar n,ai c dc vrcma cind rcu Andokl, inrt,!n. deL!.hil.inr4 dlqie fxnn.a\i, din ca'c n! nis aPi:kdd{itopatu: ProDereu trl:iDrun (nFrr0rn. tloForE) - D.spredftmclc r citur @turc se pet{er nr ltrnor inlcndi sc poatcpgtrpuE cr pu ncan in scd li lilDr r ri i, ihag ini nspliiti tl(r!.iD nuc si seneisdl i. stllcrdcpcriri.rride Arnrodinu ur cxp{ol t(..dcnt(.1 xlv la5r h

l l . .Cum ani ra i spu\-o dc mulrc or i Cr vl l .1qh9\ l rd: IX 1.151hlr i nr

.'.""11,i"..Iiffi :iil^. k;;,; :l H"'",Jtr;:COMENTARIIT LA POF:TICA Xl\ 115. r t15D b

XIX

l i lilillliri

til

trtil;tt'i;;'ffi:r$l.'l., ir ̂i"r:",;::yl:"*.:". 1..":1,, ".i:,;t;:,; 'J;:;".,r "::lJit ;l:"liitl"_fl ,11:iii, , , - ' , ; ; ; , ' lL i "

a 'a, oo c 'a ' .o ' ! , ,F, . .r r i dr , r<.rm( aJro ruur . i } . r t r . r 'o1

:;':',:;":;"";' jj li;;"j j:; ;ii;:1.:;T.'lj,:, -"-,.."l:::,:: ,:;',L i'i:;;,: u"i.',i:"r.' '*'',.

, "'fi llthii*litt,;: "l"id; r;."irw;,i"r,:,,i

^ rtrd nut phr6btuodunrh&LraDtc

i:;ilJ::'_ :_1.: .it i:lJ ;';l'"T ii:11. . ,I.:i,T 11 l:,, l:,#i;:l i i i"i, l; i i, '.".. . '".",

, r a inr ; ^" . , , . . - . ^

l".li.l?l:i:['iii,]:,);,jj:t,,;-;;i. ;;,";:J[:

33.. ,Desprc ccl c la t rc ctcmcn rc " . i . odinearat tu i i :cspE strbicct O,ioo<)in crp. vll-xl,X -Xry,XVl XVIIIspFcrEc{crc(:i€r)incl'p.xv cu privi€ ra alrc douii clr'nenc

a{qirut i ( ,ntr / icL\ i . lcm.oru sne!edo\L!4ono,,o\ 6! , r . ) ,r-a arlltlt,li cap. VI 1450 b 16 unn,ci nu inri propriu zis tD

35., .1n crrr i re de Reror ic i ( iy lo i< n.pi inro-Ori<). ctr n$$ nepodvni, cxplicat'ile, pnbrbil, aia cutu pftsupunc Ro{rg.i, p. LrYl. prin aceea ci Retolia dyca l:i licconp$l in nmr P.ctir, plmul de cetcerlri ichiur in Iendurilc33Siu'n cotespuftlc clnilor I n are @orului ijuds pinii h rciCr. I I26l40: l !32sium,tn€i 6 i 6 i r rp iu;or iy n 6€irpd.y[dr.r0iya' rai rir rd]or, i{!p liy ]dpaoa]dfoyrdi rv!BLir rai iy0u[r]drby iai dr!< rrity na\ rij!ha'vo,a/, t0.y r€.0rdprjoorry (!i lil arrr,i I;oor<y,rrpnooo i[i] ro'o0ro (,jnruoar *rhicclctc c. urmerz! jritlrate in oricc Itrcrrre despic volbirc sunr in nunrr dc nei, srzi.en cil xr li de ajLms cele spulc Dinil .ci dcspn pilde. cu8 rin,cnrincmc si, indeob$e. dosprcj'trLcoiri, prcum si despre nijloa-cch d3 a.ennbositi cur.$!ificlc si dc n dczlsgse€ditilc....).

3. . ,1n elabor!rc i rc i iuni i dramat icc"( iy roiq t .156bnpd}'pdd1y).cI Alb.geiani,p I I t: ,.Aris@rctc didinsne dunqu.

azionc j pcrchb le coNiMionic iscnrimcnlipo$on. rorgcr opdf.niliciode,l!p*ok o pcr|ctoqucnzr dcn azionei Dr p.i.hd trei dne clsi gti s.opi daragliungoreninogli$6si,cg0 idBbhorocscrulccar\cpcrcnivcng..o pono$i, e porcni Bsurli s.io i principi dctle due

10., ,Moduri l . vorblr l i " ( r i r ! r j l r ra r i< \ i t€o<1.Dutilor iricumnimi.r.esbrff 1l loedco\cbircpetrr0inriiaorrl dcPoragons. Ct D,os l-rcn,lX 3,53r 6L.ir; r. Gcit.np!roydptr.) rdr l.iloy trrrii!L (i. rirro@(\cil oxrirara)

)

D I\4. PI?P]DI COMENTARru IA POEIICA {{ /4J6 b

t9 ,,ci

€!xoi\riy, ipdrrtoLy, drdKNoL', ivr0xrj!.. (,.poraroras a rGrc€l ditrrii caie ! deoschir cctc Dato oodun ale v;nir: ru,rinrEhr(r dspuBlr pqM.r . r , , n srdan fA,auDuj. ,

.'rx!\i/dixitGcil. Ptui{sor6),pd$sordspnr4r".asur;itr

.etu!'dr!r rii!!isbc'i in Anu.hr a'e, H skmLJLt, cff ;a ddspru.h,iiren\cfian hci J.n C,..hsn d,t] foD.d lBcnr1390), dcsnre prnbrema4c d 0rt,,prulc om rb N Drdoutrkronrrnra.r. Bu.urr' to,15, p.,

15. .,... it ntrsrr!". porrc in sctlerca ,OIurKd

a'levdralii creaiori ai lingvisti.ii id Aniichiiab. Cl. Srcinrh{l.Cdcb. ,cr SIr,.n'rlse,sclall2,l. p.25? m.i Max Pohicnz, rrcBqrij'd\'E.la tbcn.llinditchet Sptzchtehrc.ttch die Sbl,

22.,,Litera .Nurninblcsul dcaimbol sons,ci It eel'ie

25., .vocrre, s€nivoc. lc, nure (rd r€ dovn€vKoi rd iridrrov rai d'Cd/o!).Drtinctirs.intaheSre,lndnrede Arinotel, la Plaron, c?ry1.,424 q ...6(i n0riro/... rd4ovri€vro 6Eris0a!, ;t(ra.. rd r€ ii4ova .ai tood'ld...rcI r; dildlvi€vra fi/ on, or trivrdL t. dQ0oyya(,,bbuic!i dcoscbim mri hiii vocrtele, apoi.. cleDeniele cuc Dtrcompod, sdDcr od zgofto.. ... al oi pe cele crre, ftt !i lic voc.le,nu 3u$ Dlci nure). Cf. Ptu]cb., l3 b{, utrdc, polirir rclonsicrnei i, Pl.br deoseb€5ie: L vocalc (rd d! ! i€ vl a): 2. ero:lenbce nu pprezind plpriu.zis s! @b. dr produc zeonor (rd ou vr<

F!y oi;, $tu)lor 6i [€rir0vro rwo<).rltfelspus.scnnvdalc,ndnio mcod ci rd raodi I mutel. (ccca cc nu produce nicisms', nici z!omor); rd di$o!d

26.,,v.ca1r... . Pcndtr vrlo!rcadctnifiilorcermftzi,din puncrd de vcdere al lingvisticii nodcnc, cL.t. vctrdryes.!o lrrg,ge. Prris, 1921, p. 25: ,,On divhc d o indnc lcsphonUncs cn c.nsonnes er en voycllcs. Prdique enr. ccftdisrinction pc sjtr.tificr pd h ddtinirion de Ia syllnbc; tout.foh,lcs nen6 phonamcs sont souvcir caFblcs de jouer dans lasyUrbe le dlc dc co$omo ou de voysnc. S \l y a cntc dcs dcuxdifldrcne de fonctior, il n y r p^, cn cffet, differcDce dc narurc,er rr lini{d qui ld scpirc n cst prs brnchde. consooncs e. voyelle5ldr pa.ie d De dttric nabtollc donr )cs cxtdn€s seuls soDrnermenr sdpdl$, (Rou$eior)'

26, .Fi i r i o ptrncrc in ni tclinbii (tfo np0.ioriiq). lnruplcrat! re rtrie'nciazr pcdeslnsnncddcinlrc] l i r , ,n, t . , l l 16,660r2dn.rrr l< 6i

rxdrrr< [i ronnrla ondir< !!6i riiv rarijv iI6r oJk

, ,c inr ! zcirr . nenia . . - jMr l4y a ' {6€, o€.; .sue, € pnnul cn'hrih at ,lr.id.de a lrccvs .De nc$! trgul ,lcclaort ci (rii<cum {i sois cu citeva landDi n,i !r

XX20.. ln inr fesul tu, Avdr 0r numfl oh, \nu,rctc

relul ridph cd c tireF. Asupn rcden|q ld Atuiorl in mrsjcde rimbi, asa on 3unt expu$ ir cap. xx_xxll, cI. A. ?altjatu.in .Rncdre lrn.u{'chc .Ix. to54, m t-i5,v v Klnlaihdin.sruLrn cl.!.e lt. 196r),np ?7r4, F v3trFskf.rr5,J.. v

2l Dupi vsb (irtrd), manu\fiscte mczinii tcmcnntdp0pov (,,dicorut ), pe cG majonhte; cditolitor si aconrci!Mi oril!onrtte. inrJ.r p\ o,nhrpotre.,nrcm.kr o!!ptdqr,{ ; tDi .n) !L l rn Hat!mA lrrr !np

" . .h.2.n.s t ; i r .

I tot .4r .d\ Qunrhrn(r4, t3r s ldcarcgoricit dlmaria cd An$ord n a cuioscur atr.,Dturialc\ l rb i i i k .n p.qr! h rmitr . d!r6(!G o, 4a. i4;o.s i! j r ! r !n( t ( . rea r i r L lcop6p4r [ tu{ t r r fhk lhr t r ju. .

q:V. PIPPIDI

*stri+rxqffiffio,* l , " , " i iJ i . : " ; . " : ) t r 'u\oo.a,4.o\2. . ,p,u,"' ' ' , ," ' o

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a/aD. 3)4 h 3_r I 6a0€ioL

#:' j:jj;ljt l;:':iri:ifi ^J"" :;"i:,"::ii:;;,T;:; ,;l ;': it-" jj .l[;], ri,;,.""ffi

12,,D!Da rn"" _^ -r@," ,,, c;,*,.,;,;;; ill"lilli:il.:i;i J"r:

COMENIARru L{ POE?1',1 XX I.lJ' l)

^" "r""",,."*.r"*",*j;i: lilfi::t l,t i:[ij:

g!ave san medi i ( ' l { i r ' l rL rai

0opJartaL rai 14 !io6).c!.licouvinb.duPicnpoaniunlcent ascurir,8mv san c'Enmllex.

35.,,Sil aba e. . Dcnnida nu c tnsulstie de lingviltii dinzirarc nenrc. cf. vendryes,.,p d., p.651,,ce qui c$ tds dclicai.c'e{ dc nnluer,e point p*cn on hs syllabescoMnc.n.oufinisent. M. Roldet erseisnc q0c la stll,barion ofrc his aDccrssdvantlepointdevucauquclonscplr. <ToubsleslohqueI onpa*cd'uncryllabetnnealh,ilyr,dn,nncvdiadonbrsqueq aff4re I lr ron lc rcginc dc l'expnfton,lc nouvenelrdiculdoire etla pscepribilitC audirve".Ccncdplc vffiationpcmel danr un ccnain nohbrc de crs dc fix$ la linib dcssyl lahrr: daN beauconp d'aufts. la division ci arbiLnire Il senit

si pu€ril dc chfthcr I la frxcr qE d€ voutoirdgmher i quclp.int pi:cG se touvc le loM d unc vdlic ci h dcux oonragmr"

l3. , ,Pa. i ic t r la de lesi lur I . .Come nel la c la$i l i_clzione complcsivr di stb Ic prri dcll'olo.uziom, cosi ncncdelinizio'i dcl o,jv6<dIo<.Aristorclcpro.ede darmnoin]portanie d pii nnFna c. Ld pnma deiDiTione risudd! qullepdiccllc di too nNmsnto: dgulih qu.lla sptcic di 0J,6. d I o<che ('c.o il criano inbno) q! intcdiMe nd contibuise .he dipid voci si lomi u! unica vocc signiricariva". Sd, cio!, di I il' vciin um poposnjonc si i lak ui'unicr voce sienilicativa. N untcoconccto, quost no. a ccnahenE per msnto dcllo strddcltc pr

ticslls.lnvc.c 6le medb. tilc proftdt l{)Pdiene ad un llta Uecis di oLivs€o|oc, alh qmle on psa Atsroiclc, ncntr sda lccm(hdelinizi.n.r.hetefti va bnuk itr nrcto cortrb cdn h prece

denb.EdihsDccicdellepEposizionicom.n.pi, d[6i, coc cdalrre paniccilc analoghe.lc quli clltrLiramenb legano pLt vocrsignficadvoiir uD unarmesigniliotiu (Rosasd,I!Peti.rdr,tunio.elo:, p r20). Cf. si A. Ditrns, D;c rritd.eftcr.,Ddinjtiarcn wn oJr6.o n< on t iipopol,in.,ArchivI Ccs.h d.t hilosoplii. .l11, 1390,pt.]6:1 1691

195

D.M PIPPTD]

.." :"3"Ji X'iil't1":ii:::,::.".,,.:,.:"',;*"*,,..,, "..-,,..,,,;,,,",) ;.r_,.;;;\m\r tipsn,,l. rrde. ti,pro ,r",;"; #;r.;.;:L:1: .,:'-,,_* h.,;J, ;;,;'i;;,ij:'?.,:.,f -:ii:l::ll::"l"jl':-:r'1'.r, ;:;;;"" ;ffi ;,.'."- j "*HiLU'i' d!,,nooh,"r,1,6b2,.h"j.il;ffi;:li,iT

iii.i,'.i:Tll: :" -- *^ ',"d,; ;;;ff];fli

CoMENIARIU LA rcEnCA x^ 1457 a Xxl 1157 hb

lnzlstd d inleles dscifli clcne esepararc!uliecarcintclostrlsid ).Cf.vendrycs,or..ir,t.82:.,onpcfi dennirlaphltuol0 fome $us l,'tEu. I idrgc vc$3le s expime et se Pe'\oi au

26.,.Delini!ia onuIul . Drti chir dc AJi$olel in alhsaen.Cl.Top., I?, l0 la2?r( ' i .o ' n<dv 6iro! / ( , .$ in,rpcdcstrucudodlpicioare )sau jbid.,v2, ll0bltr ltiov nl6rrrr<&( tu;v (,.mimL capabil s, pimsscl r_ivitiruri )

XXI

rl ,,Nudelc FIciiJ ah$mcli€ dc indlcslia 'lc

Iinrpnotdi ln .rpiblul pfodcol c{ DnlcipaE cfadcn$i.I a rcrbultri(vczi noh l. 145'? a l4), nini. nu sc opunB ca ac.sb s! intc !i clh crregori. cuplinlitord d nunclui Cu accn nrFles e rolGi(o"vot'd in crp XXI 145? a 2?, bDtrlui

13 34,.Cun.sc: ind. ! d jstrncl i r nu s. rn l ic ic lcmenrcloi cuvinrului o.Drpus ldcc! mal cudnddecii lircld rextnlui, crc suni: nliv o)ir ir r{ dvd|[n d<oltdiv0vro< rai do,jroul, lnsilnaccapriacid?vea.dibn.un lDftla\ inilnnhl ctrra.ftjtri"). Reani ltcdtl 3! lnrlrcxsciiarimtirdin.apitolulprccdc .l45?a ll l'l

3d .,Mrssalioli (a[v Madodlb{iiv) conjcd[lrluiDich.,.Sither,plcus.Akad.dcrWisscnschJten,l333,LD 5lMmu*ircle dar 16! [(]dr,oli v. ccu cc tr aE noinil

r.,,Obiie5. (.iFov) Lr drati! , Flht .tte Pieti,r4 r451

3.. ,Provinc,r l ism l ] r i r rd) . i r Qt. Xxl l l '158 a22isemai sp dcsif(v(dv (,,rcmer nrrnf) Cun insi Sadul luiAnsoEl n! ncrgc ll drinte din Idirlecralc !...cr.t, raduEretr podvit! mi sc pnrc ccr rdofffi.

5 tiyuvov.Cr IlendotV9 tr'r.irv.< t ir' idIiDUoL,,\i)u.s oi liv! tr;p ;iaooal\il.

r,::i"i;1 ;. .:rri: .:r,.iij':i ri-:?;'*;1: *'.;i;::l: {i: ";- li;i:1,::;ffii; li::;:;

:1:':il'; : l,'*i q:,:.."'..:

I;:'i;,J:""r,1 :,.'.:i:,!""" r.-",'i:."1 :.i:il j i::.'",^, .".,"".,^,,,."i,.,", ::;;;"j';:l;;; ;:iul

;;:";l';l *rr r li:i,ti:,.;."v.i,r,';rlr':;'i:h#r!,imriltti"i::::tiii+l:#;i;""1illlt:liT l.:i;iillll *f #; ;:l ;:l;l:;i:I1:ffi iiri;iil,Ll?#;i:d.i#fi

l{iiii :ir.i:":,,",Tfi J_: i:ri";r. gl;,;.1;;;",.E;;1"-;"1r,1 ; : "**i,ri,;";1,: ;"^ lfi*tt+*ffir:tituff

*N-ffigffi-",:t

;ti! '"1.1"i , il ll,i liil",, 1 ;l:;;$ :."1"",,,i:1:;,1.,'."". .,',,,,,,

* i:.tr*l'ilx;i:iir*i:iiri:,i j,ji

i+?ii;;1;.',.;;p*]iftffi" ":j,;iJ"l l:t lJ:: ;li:lt"lj;:tlff:I.'-' -. ""i:,i, ;::#, ;;:';t :it ;ru::,1: l:Xl;*";:

@MENIAIru r-A mEltoudl l4tb t4l8ai-Wl1453.

cibt si i prebdrlei l[ lcglltud m sp.cnl4iile lui Emp€docle ]n

lu t viclii onului (cobpaiail ctr vial! 5lorimprnlor' cnm sc

Oo& dcduce din vcduile de inspn.lic piirgoreici.le lui Ovidiu.ln catu! Xv a a Mcldof@eir, 199 li urm ), vezi A RosragDill brba.li Pttrean.gp.246-2u7

29., ,SemanAnd d!nnczciasca v iPaic .NuFlr icdc cine f puba li acc$ entsiih. DDpil Gu{tcman, d. Pin'1tr.

3l.Potiritprcizdrilof dc Ldinccpuitrl capiLolului (l4sl

b l r) ti ordinii lmdein e&uner, dbuic slPEsrpuncn ct Enduilc lipsi din DaoBcriso cupindcau latdcr numclui'F.doabl(r{toro<) $u,cn cuvinEle lu cicepftpri0mrropiiocomutdu'n (r.orar.,Ill 167)

35.-EDvupa Ci.ite nesis0ri: ipvJlo< e coDjuctuta Id

35. ^prriipa.ln

rida.I II3.Ir'jl.oa rdrN<.Fev*alllunglpinnaruri,€ sc!fl.4-5 Kpi, 6,ii ii (penh ii4,L() suntPildealc lcNm.nulu

n0ni!,cu nn bmen sbdnicit ddpl Aiieobl. rpocopi (dr !roa,j)Cit privc+c emisrihulr sid -yiv€r4,. . crc (,p sinsu* pnv@ Frnditrrmandoiochii )euncira.dinEmpcdocle(t4 33 Dieh).

? ^€{Lradv

rdrd urilov(,,pchsen dtopl )=tiaJx,V 393 Formr6€iLrqd,€conpararivullui6.t,dv

3 ! . , ,Al tc lc j ! rernc' l i r rc ' ( rd: 6 i p(ro{J) Ecccrce Du'nim asl5zi gcbul Deut! (reun','). ctr Ehivllcnlul ,atintmetrului mai notr decal Aristotel-on6ar.pDv

15.. , in r sf i . rcsc numai te i f i ioca^l{c$a iin cazul undior ?1 cuviniclor Gminac n, !, rirlrilc lui Adstote,

xxlt i r i s ! cadl in comun (od$i l ra i

AMa$i re.omandalic in Xr4. lll 2, 1404

lf j f r:i:: lri::ii :f il;:: l".ifl ""#,.j:". LrCON{ENIARLU L\ ME|ICA NUI ]45K J 1458 b

daJdrov i alixovov ndoora/ordd (,,ctriemreoa'iloF

su prczinD o,mpo\b'lrLt i'LEmen' dnevu. tlc LlmMr )27 23. -.viznr-!n om crc Ghicn rc lorrc der

inrilditi in bxl., atnbuni indeob$c took' clcobulina (5 Dichl.

Anthal.lyf,cz Gacc4| |.p 1!0) cdh cxplict Adstoicl si4ur

in,Rlci..lll2, l4{)5 a 35,cvorbade orcrt0zi dsbtunz .lipilt'(rmci mckloric pontu ,,.plicrd ) pc sllElo sulcrindulu'

t..,scurtirilc (dnorondi) Nu in acccpria rt'btiri 1458

rcmsmlLi de SFmaticii p.sierion: suplinaE d linal3i (vcz'. m'

sus.noral, I 153a4-5).ciininlelesulldgalluiiisrprvarov d'n

cap.xll1.153 a2 snm.6..-Ficand haz (tLdrduq6o,ivr€q). rn oPcE coerce,

dloi cit s Doare dednce din ccle dotri nude dbic mar epdc'

6..J'i rcrma poelului'.APctildingcncralii inpn_

ndrind.rluiHoncr,,,poctul PnDdcclcnti?.E!.lidc cel aatrin Pssomj rccunossut Cunepu'

.ini1 dc b.ririt der c votbr de trn comedioerar Gum prcslpunc

Roshqni), de u nagista! (cum $ecd Bvwdd).5ru de lilozornl

EucliJodin Mcsrra,el€v al lui socrarc (cu'n inclinl srcE I

9- l0. Efurtprv €i6ov !i orjr dv t id[€]o< Doui

hcxme@ $ansacc, ni care o $cae dc vocrlc scunc sunt tungit

rbirr ii in carc. cdn bins o&c { AlbcCgirni, ,,la pompa

dcll cspE$bnc contsb con ta vKuid dcl onrcnutol2...Mlsurr" (ri Iirpov) Accani drerp€ Bls!r[. caE

rinc rn loc ari. de inscmndr ln gtndnea annotellci nur o

nts{ocnc a ilozotulLi: ln odinc! elcI si in 'fllinca

cstetici, id

inviutoF inrclcpiilo. \i in cFrliilc arrisilor, apropirlj de o comn

nll reou\ic oenh cxocsele dc oncc naftl aspnrti! cstc PtrDonI sicnviinri-cieep;rpdv sinp;trov cunrdint's]rludlci".bleni.,lo.unuaul e*" oc lr lamdul rtsiv drdv,dcvizr hLi Solon. pinrl la ta!tuli! lui Escbjl. plhnsi rodi de lrica

donRNs cr.o$ udi de zd si pcdepsir de U$iti: dc la lininc

i , i , " -"a , , , , " . . : ; . l l :1 " i " "* " ' " "" ,1'"

" , r , r" , , " . . - . ._, . : : , "" : r"^_ _rom, l

. . . . . , . .- ,J.. , , . , k,. ; . . ; ; ; , , , : _l t . i" . :" "- ' .- .:i"j",1.?l 1r;x",.;:it t illli:j,fjlm

q.M. rtPPlDI

=,lI;:.11 i; :rrn rlrr i# i itl !1';ir n.p?nDdtrG Mc"o at \4 tt h,t th- ,^;;;;.; ;;:,::.:".r .qmei ro.r r r o. p, , i ror .qv. v, . i ; ; " : . .

- t : . ,1. .

i",;;: :#'I3:::,:, y.:;;' ;; ;l';;:i"l,.lJT;.';;:.;;:;:'':]'^'*]'r *"'"- P."..J.^"|*'' l'.'';,"

^.__",,,.., ; ; ;; ;: ;i",-,,;:,IT"1.".,il *^" " ; i " ; ; ; "1. i : "1: l , l ' . ' r " ld" ' . ' ,o ' . . . ' .l..ii"l l :: "j::..;:i r; ,:.:i,tLl,'i ijl'l;'i''." ' ' "., ". ,.,;;,;.;;-,:.J ::lj,ji";'T;,;l,::::1,::':.b."t, _ _,r.,, " ..,...," ;l,."lll i l"-:ili:;:;;,1 l,:l l:':1,.,i .J,:,ii;tT tT".':,"" tiT:il:;:,,,::'"lj:tT:* "..-.""i,lja **r,darofm. v,i!",/e r;rj "_ " '!uc Pe scoa lui dv

lar i t i . ' rorheni sr ' i i t r i ( { (vr .o i<) vezi s i norarrxxr

ffi:*#d*#:#+$*iffi

8u-b( Je Pi( mnutu prir t, fn r! dnc e rndutur lur zcus drvnmp'{. Jqrc ,mnui imtier,r ,n.h nde Lrar,h,mr nuopt n

:1:: ;i::: t",t'i;ilf# :i.H:l: ifl :[:l;'j;:i:frruqi!3gli, e mqd erut( ik tu, w( mer Jreg.I, pxdelr. I.

i" ;;:;ru,'tfi1ilTtf ::l ),tti"llili,,l,ii3lTt: I,

r9, .L: €s.hrtr i ta EurLp dc-.Atudod@!cd, i t .racaR se b.c,lrre e:u p,edur.

D M PIPP]DI

u0! 6i !,in/ drilo< r€ Kai

. lnr 6! ! ,€uy p,p( r( la l d00r!r0< ra! da6n.

r.inr 3llcdNetq rcmure

23. Acecsi obswalie dLrprc vosul:Frg& rr apdi.aa,

COMENIARru t-A POETICA XXI 1459 '-XXII

l4J9 2

s . .4 st i sr vcz' asem' i i r ' le Lr i ' o lo d 0 ' Firr

To(A'rc l r ; Top.vl2, la i r l i r ro4< 0r Frd4'+o4<

. . i " ' , ' i t - , i - " ' , . "0 ' -"Lv '

tuu!o cMrgkmd:

fo€ o lrc intcneiat Pe o ols.ansl l . - . in t r imctr i i i rmbrc '

XXIII

r7 . ldLt l t '3 'n

rorma de Poi6 ' . - ! " . " i< ; . , iL ! ' rF! r i r r r ln i r i<\ 'Epopas P' $rc

rormr;TrNr o Lleccb$t 'rc rosed c ti!e6u dc nrrLui rc

r t !druire Jr :mrr, . r , cF.v| l ]450b

* 'otu.a, . , ' . .

" r r"^ ' ' ' Lmr €p (L ' )o ' r ver ' tuss

|41 l45rrb rsi tttulLli? ann, Ph"lr ' 264 ( Fpdu!nu'ons

rr o.stet . re, crre_i e Prop' 'e rr l ! 0rr{ov

n6o,r ' r .cr v l 1449b 2s. Xl l l l4sl . l ' ( n IdNdreB p 4r

2l .22 C! a ,uhLc{telor istor icr ' vcTr msus'

' ' l l i i l ' l"f '",".,. ' vremc cr H.6d.r vn,oon0oc 6t ia l ro5( r€)uuo' ! ( o!r '441i ' o i r& rnr€pr ?

. . ' .

r^a- r . i "^ roL or iPb@ ^' t i r

'Alsuv rov

r-"0"^", ' " r

t r td4i{ -Ei i ryd rdv f lqor lv ldu

ouo (sc |{irrj G \ r iol6npldd in r(8t' n in cd !d'n {

iheron I ioqm nr sk ha nc Hmirrir 'rcs'oc'zu

sften

*"1:"*1:iTI,""i'ifl 1",,-. cf vu La5,,22.,m.35 . .O s 'naL r . P!rre ! r 'zhoiulur MfrJ u

Atulc r lv ' . A\ '^^€u< cun 'oc

drpt nuclcul ongine rl lnrrcgr cpopcl'

rar.dii< tjliry r€ rpdn<4y

r0,Tdrmunlc vuiesc. .Jrrh.xvtr205

r,J;; :Jji::,:l'F"t i,H: llf Tl;*- "'*.".,,'.

5-6. .Cu mdri !c mi, , lc prcr L larul f rcrrro

['":,:Jii#ii::::l i*:txf il. :i: J 1:il :iiil:' l00aT.p€^. 'o!<y! / roci ' .ro,rn.r( r.&c ̂ inrhdbk deu*r o r r" *""

";,.,i1u, pE(um'md;ra| i Mi{nhdsrrpf la ),^

/ - , rc lq ' rc preJ ispo,, f i r , r (u$rqcl Cr.xvl l t455

202

D M. P]PPIDI

' ob i "Y, ; , ,1," : : . : " l i - \n, ,4r , . ,1, , F

". . " . ; ; ; , ;"": r .": : , j : ; ; ; jo-:

" i" . o&n D, . . , ,

: : , ,u1:.d"1'" k .H-D,., . ; . : . ; : i "". ' ' ' "" ' . i l, , i 6"r ; " . . . . _-

. . ""^. , . . , , . : . , ; ' , ' : .o ' "

1"1 *''" '- '*-..""n- ;;,;,. Ji l '.] '. ' '..d.vr4,o,J, .-rh ; ; ; i ; . ; l ;^ l l :T _., ' , , . "' , , t i . : . ; . . . " ;"" t t t """

" "" ; " ; ; -" , , , , ,

- ;il ;".ii-:;1;';lT;:, J."1i,'. " ";,",,i . , lnoccatJ dt tuetr . . t ^" \

, . , . .

"1'"1, ;jllj:;:l"l;:: l":: ,:-'; :i l: Tj j::::.,:;;;;i,".";:" ""' ̂ ";;';l;;ll lli; ;:: lT ii;

fi Tip#-ii*it1*ff r lit jri:;:l:rilnffi*iillffiili*1""t,'."T",",,:,.."i:,^f.l,i;.1;::1,,,,"""r,..,"_ti.,,".p.,-^,.* *fri,;;?#:t ff :ff g;Jtift Xit;.iltji.,t;liiii:nrf"ffi Sffi"*ift :i;rJffi f#,Hi"rHr.,fl :"1"

rn# j{ ii #:*: ;ri#:r #: :;.r'":r'#;;rCoMENTART LA fuETICA lofli l./5r 6-i\axtv r45, b

7 ,.C;j{lcr.".oi.i (niou nipd() DcspE rtuSediilnrpiEt de cvcdinetrtlc pove{iic it poemut luiaicli!o\.vez',muisus,notakXvII l ,4s6r 12.

1.,,1 n to' I a arc a c.riDiti.,.' (andtrr.u<) Desprc ofrlcnic.ua.esttLru! avcnDnioslin,i&dsuDrasubic.rulu' nn

tubrbi l , rntrm,.5nn\ \orhidcirNodul,L'na:dtr illt Lci Jl /rids', p mt0( t ii !:p xv

3..,Si, o r " Rolul arcslui te$onaj in cpisodul crlului toilt..xpN cu bre aminunrolo ln cader a l!. ! E e,zd ldi vergilitrvcsuils57 193 $233 26t.

3..,Troicrei. (Tpqii6<). Prlde dc t4edij intndsandsufcrinlclc lcmerlof dn Tsix. dupi dnhscro! Drtiei l'tr, ni sxuptutat Ir Toi.,clc si ii te.uni lui E0rilide

. XXV3,.Accrear i ! r r icr l r i ' .cLxvl l l 1455 b32 siurm.l : l . , .F iecarc dir pocbclc Iu i . . . Ctrr .estorp€cicn

sunrrc. compdtpaginilc dcpittrnzl!.rre amlizl lsihologicr siescdcr rie anminulni li2rar ./A?rc 'subrr, cry' L\, din c{c ninultumes si cn.z hchctta: .,. . Ii2d, liind .onpusr int ovonc cind spinN lui Honrer sc gl\cr in culnro puterii io ie.6dopcri r cir*ai un cdcln dftnriic si Idunos, cag rnncitrceandmmpdc4ldrim{scv}dcfcuncanctcrnlrat,cmc a€l rl hitin rii. Asdal,ln Crdisccr. I rm purca compara D.Hon.r .tr \omlB la Nfi4,i, crc-sj $sftrz, mirctia. du e fftrprtcrc. irt-adcvir, cl nu mai folose$o aci nn ton ca acel dinpocnr0ldstErion,niciln tiDcadc l mcrcusustintriisiflrdcldcn. nici rcccar mullidc de pnhni ce se evari unclc d[p!auelc,niciv i.iunca si vieoma cr n dhcurinrilc co trdeamni lalapte. nici bcllugtrl de imasini lud' din lrmc. lucrunlor

.v{rarc. ci in Odr's!c,, loiul rcdrDetrJtr sc la basm I ra porastiFr Dnor r:ilicin dc 0ene^t. vcdem cr nirelii *!{de, n&cmri

(.,'

r,tl, l

l.l

COMENTARIU ta PoErtcA XXlv t45e b- t46A r(hreh.tqlursrmvetrunrtr . . , ,n

i - t . g." t , . soJ,rnu

I:;::- ';:; ::i:. jl":,i : ":#:;':"n;*":..,.,1, tlolcr .rrmd.BJrm!,.u)u o,r,fHrr)

._. . . .1 .

' : " " . - " . , " , , Dinh nd"n.r , . f . , ru l ,mi; il:i Jil:l:;:": ;:;:ili.:l,11 "_lJ"# li;,:;".j j ,;:;;,:::",1; ;; :"";r: j;:.:"

^ l:::; ";ilill t i;:: ::-t "L';il;lltiiT;";#;llil:'; ::; lT"{H:;:.. ;i.."":l:;;r" . .""" . . . , . ." , , ,1". ; ; . ' ; ; ; ,"J,_T"l :r;" ilj;:T":ff.T ; j:11 l,j:;.""t il 1ii.,,1.;[:il:L::,::":.1;ti: :lt#ifi tillxtilii: T'-i]T :r:.:aruros & r , re, 'orh. i ! h( 'p, . , z.^ _r, . . . i , .1.

fi"l;i'JlT;:ji:ilH# T":ll:; :t*::j.:.::]i::lped ons,iruE rncp!tur! | rLrtr o..,,,,.", r..i,J;.i ;.;.;;""i:_.;illli:X:"ffiX]'ilj;:il'f":T:i l:"Jl";.ii:l:;;d;: ;#::l;iftll ji::;;;[t'# il,]"itTilili:;ffIj:;;,T 5'*

nu nu,nr 0nn dmri'e,"'

2516.. ,RcstAns! la cele Pc(rd id rijq orrvn<). Din aaaii sinpli cots.,&a a luiAnsbcl, rorcticienii irdicni ai Renatroii (si, dupi ei, cci lidnqrai vorculni al XVII-lea) aveau si scoat, faindsa ftguli a unirltii d€ loc,tor atetdeputindstorelicl,in.iuda texlclo oroot, c. Si €Cull unft4n de dmp. claborari cm ir acocaSi vremccl ,R.Bray,op.. j r . ,pp.2?5 235sinouloVl,149b12 ls id€asemcDi, lMrarea mai vccbe ! lui ! .lcrusdch, Ueber dtdsh ta rat hcha n Ei n hei b t i n Dm1 t. bip:zt E. 1 aa5

23 , .Drci sdi t lcgr le cu ao! iunes Pr incipal i '(o tr€io / ;vr d,) in sh si contibuie. atadd, 1a sporiEr uniiltidc inbn a cpop€ii, dupl ardlila din ep. XX'II 1459 a 19 $i m.

23...Amploarca (4n<).4,,pr?do AciolplicmIadlnir ln alr lnnEbutntlri, cu lplictrc k sd

29.,.M irctir" (u.1dror0<radr).Ca!i ryr0<,ciliti.ll @i.{rinsul Mdi tirziu dvoo sI ajunsi rcmcDul &cut rr caftcte-.izckstilulnobilii blifr.LaDcEeaios,bunioad,Deelo.rr.,l8:[€lolonFrrir'<. r.[rr nqioio<.Cl.tiDiorys.D.t/s,13

12 .,Rod0l expe'icnrci" (dnd rri< i€ipa.) Ajuht,dcndrrrll(SJ0E),cumsaspEt!crp.Iv 1.149a23-25 cr 9i mai

l .,Pcntr0 drn! Cl. M4-,19 a 21-231.,,Pentru rcriunc . La fel, Honliu:,....natln rcbu:

19., ,Ce, ar i t r r : i . .d V

agendiJ (8,].oIi€!t!.'r'.33).CLCiccm. Ora.oa l9l.2.Hrirenon Mai sus. nob lr I 14,1? b 2l.4 .Cum rm mai spus-o , Cf M449 a 23-25

G?. , .Poernl c doior sI rorbersci car maipul in in numc ptopr iu . Asupn a@sh' aPect al tnvi 'lItrii rhioicl icc despE poene, c r' L rrodr.cru. tp 45-46 sireaediilc lui Roshgni, Posi: ed 4fct , cratt ca. in Clr$.id d espi'to nbttdho,Tanno, r9!9,w. A2{3: ,.,.. il ctruid supremomcdiante il qudc An$oGlc uivr. dirtinguerc cin che d piUpcia dc crd che i tuio pocsir, d chs il pock dore i) ircno

14-19 h I z t5. VU t45t j 2 I5!

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D M PIPPIDI COMENTARIU tA POETICA 'OOV

U6A A

iirii;i llir :rilrii ;:i:iri r-{rr:;:lli;:ir:.":;1 : :;,' ;lti:i. ;li.l;l:l:;li::s"1,;:.;:i,;:;t''T: ;::..;;":,:1""""; .;ji,: "e,""; ", ' il

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âoioL/ 0 dyiy.u€ rapijarr 6ios ,ArLr\€J<

i {m t : ]q!r lJrn uf . \ j mrutAh, l . .sfr ! dk l,,,; i; ixl,iiJ,t;.il i.ti";il",:: :i;" I J;Ji;;:.um:f:r*i':lj jh#li*T:."i:l;:ruqu.peczE r4dnrr:n! m jkru p. crr In tt nm )

:,fi tlu _ _ il, *,,iil"fl",ti:1.";::: ill.li

--.ll;:i}j"-.ili"lj..,Jii,""tit.l?1l} ::i':1XT,1 i:

i6[.v U€'t6.o rorrd lir{v trnFrLv iuoiai6r.r 6 .ir' t0ilb!.v, dhoac ntnoadodl

(,.. nc priccpcn - $nt Muale caE vorbesc - tl povciimniscocniridohr hciuiil.rinlinpl.rc. Si naii{.im, de caft orivEm. si spuncm ti vo$e rdevimte ). cf.odis. xlx 203 si,lndeob{e. pcnrs caprcitatca lui Hon$ dc ! inrgma sihaliidemcrc. cclor slc. sru de r zusrivi.dirarer,ju'le€h ln' DionClisost., Or, )d 315. De rscmdni. S . Arenc, Linva.uione ntaMusa c 1r,,vcitl nt Onto e in Esio.Jo, ttr.,Rjv di Filololir".XCl,1961,pp.25?-231,335 J15

26., . i t r r"otr ' Bi i i_( 'd i r r ' iv Ninrpov).Ni ' rpanumc.n cei vechi intcsrl cenr al XIX lea al Od;-cct, dup!episdlul b{ii descrise in vcsuile 336 $i lrn , cnd dc Arisrorcl incap Xvl 1,15,1 b 3{r. Irrogirnul la crre F ure dMic pdc I licutrir$hdirLosuldintcOdiseu5iPenclopr(165 248).inou6ulcloiaeoul infiti.ar $tlci strb ccoovitrgs de adev&dl sririlor mincin.rsc pc.uc i lc dn dcspE

tsprir lLri soani, dlsoilndu i nnbricininlo puanl de odiscucr pril.lul dn.i Ee.iN. inlehri!.

2? 23.. .Dccai intampl l r i posibi lc rncvoie dccrezut_ d..(r4odp.irod' k 6€i dirvdrd 4r'ila larlovij suvar; dnioo'd) Cf. Albessirni, op..ii,p Lxvl,,,Ncll.combinrionedelle suc sntrazioii. icllaco$ide.Moncdd suo'pcôtrdggiil pNra puO mekrc innanzi siruzionicpd..na$rchs nclla ralti a imp.$ibilc chc si rtuvino, cd egli Pub anzi ldilgnc in.ondiln)ni INche che conridicono alle lsggi dcll cspc'rienza. Qudto imDo$ihilc p.d Pun nonEnosi solo quando $biavrkrc d, innlgitrco mn diverid scicdifica, e sia usaro alloscopo di rcodere pin cridcnic lr tcriri

'lo1l'anooe,tercha turo

puiiNldddarbikio Doera, 'm

csri non I nd. ovc rbb'a considcuo lrofotrdancnrc un .adt!rc. lre che il suo pcôu3B,op i ..p!i dive$amenrc dal nodcd,nde in um dah siruazio,c, detemrinaziori codesre che non

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CoMENTARTU LA POETICA XXv 116n b

'Orm1r!',conpus!in rnii peft cuti 1a cnrEadin Pella crPtceFior !l lli Arexandru. Cf H Hinrcnlrne, Unb6uchu.Pen zt dcrEm(4)den des Atutoblcs, D\s. Hoidelberg, l96l .

l l -L.4. ,Cr i rcr iu l corcct i rudini i !u e acelasi in

Dol i r ic i t i in poezic"(onx i r anr i dp8dnF lor iv rn<trdlrrLrii< Kdi rn< ro,rrLri<).o qie inteaei decriic, rtrsalukt acea*i pmpoziric ca pe cea dinlni ahm;. a rtrronohiciarrei din isroir c$cri.ii. Mi apmrto de Ealibb mi sc prc iDrc.pFrma cm vedc in c. nu ideea modenl a indcpcndcoro, p*2,c1& oicc considcdtic oenosciriv! sau momli,ci o ptukn&idpo.lnva conturci dc cricrii dovedit dc c icii invdsumri si gi.ssasc,'!rceli dc odjn iriin!,fic ori tehnic in.dbn cim adnidiasruildle sdtor ci* un lir dc rmb io educ$a linceolui

'Conto qudrc.onfusiotri obsefli.u drcptlte Alb.gglrni -

Arinorelc allerma che il d lcto dclla pucsid no! .onsisre nellaiicsdk co(npoldenza del pensicro id alcuni d{i della rald. ..tu nella ca.tva imnrziom, +andd il poci, non s{pia renderacon vcrcimislimza e ncccssill i 3troj eventi. si no{i Frd chc gliercri dclla politi.r, dclli frcdioirrr c.c.... che v€nivro ncAncome ercri delh pGi!, ribnaN omc cnod a.cidcnrdl', s4nocode{o dcllc dilficoh} dcllado$riM dellapoesiaconc

'nid-zioE, pnrnclla f.m darale de Ariiorelc (.p cn.,p.126).

13..,Cun !i li !n c a L De meBul calulti e ocuplAisbelaminun nr De nr€rsu a'm., 1,1,712 a 24 $i urm.

24.. ,Crrd rn D mc. s-a s!us". lncazulpoczic i t rg ice.cu cle epopecr c asihih.! fi sub {es nP.n, inFcsionas!specrato lui: rd trrrrirra! (ia60 b 25). pnn stemhascnlrentelorde nilt si d.lric{. Cf. vt 1450 r 30 3lrXM45,1a4ixv] 1455 a l?; XXIV 1460a 12!n

26., ,Fugir i rca lu i secror" .vcr, md strs,nord la

30-31.,,O clprioarl n arc codrnc .Obscflllasectrcsc ti ln Ais.. ,,n., Iv I I , 5r3 b 16. Cl. Plin., Nrr. I'n., xl 123.

?2-, . . rumI cD.,_.d| . , ,o. J, , , r t . tsu\ . r4nob i l . i . ,n4 Ll .p lne, l lntb 12 r l

. . ' r . .C m \oLnc. s! to. j r , N..r ,mu.d, . ! , t i , t rqrr r^r . . f r r i \N.

' I . rduc

I ro{t 'smui6 : ta.s(mtu, , t r r . ,bhtr , j Jc phtuu tu LrNn,.ureoqu( d (hd (sf l L Ls ) Jh' r , ( , c,b Jnuqu5) i rcrol

-q:::::.::,_.i h9.'- I .. qla es trdcrdr c\c. ( \,J ,^r.

IMIv nr(|. E K*uld. ub.ra,en,nE bh.h.n aurrtu.k ter

4r,pp_r,j'rb ded<h &h tn{rur V t r3ar,pp.te_5rJ

nx \c purc {trmJ nin. nsur .cdprvr.F,Ldsor nu-i;ms In v@r nrc jh qrc\t rjLrcj h( dlslr( ?er.fude\prcrodecirerun,r . r pomenr. , r&t s i dc ( e inercu s9ur!mtrruumid

ror ro !€r' oir' uo6r< ourK or'ni,d€r ! i& rq.oro,^t6d\ dp,t , &d, d Fp m Fror;l l , l " l

. . ' .^- ! . , "" , . r" , " o!ro.6pu( o!r u i6. 60,d.o f f r , ro0r r€i ! , roLlsc\r Enp 4, , r a ' rsn, ! le, |0=urrLs

^Du,fDAn d. tu^) | p t17. a l4J.

2.,.y€rsul desprc armc. rrird,.x tJ2 r5:ll.. €yra ii o4,y

da0, ir.L oaupuriipo< it\aro...4. , ,Cind e de hor i i rar daci un luf tu sD0s.r i

sr !i xgum.detc dc,trdh njiril rarsorer rra!cj pdr!rrLNnl,f, d(utrJ!euopt&,ncomDr!bJ

.re, *r, o* a" -,i,.

i.roornrc 4h0b rr_l4,ve. n.R). r .Fr!h!5 of l b! r ,o i !< r i ! r ,aro<,. ! \drnt .Jr

rcs.h dc hl]r uiu ButrhLrrcoid, rqtur ovinh o smr fidt ! e \ ts, ! $rco.d ..oGr.trll!,.r''"..1......d...d,"..,".1:

y) 'nhb! i lJkr | i t l r i ! ' ]Ui |

COMENTARIU IA POETICA XXV i']6' J

nai dqdc pentn calilicar! faDrei sru v.rbci in 'liscntie.

trdjccrivc r .rs! vrloar. in Pd!:aa. e lnannc dc bdt honlrrl0. . jnr i i .a. t r i i GiDr la< r iv r16ro!) , Inr td, , I43

!i ud., dorid s: rrzbunc insula adlsi lui Ch.ys.\, Apollo nrcaF

lL l2. ,SIdr cra l r lnf l { i rarc . r redr,x l l6r6< 6i roL .160< siv hv rorJ<, drld roolirff14. , ,Abcstocl l - l mr i t r rc. . . , r i rdr . IX202lAhi lc

!ornrqov 3i {apdk. 6irro. a Lvrrvov iKtiorq'r6..,Toti ccilalli... etc.vcsDdletprcduscscibscir

in€putul cantohi d II lea al Uiaderl

'jiIIoL Fiv id 8.oi r. rni rivip{< ndlropuordi

Citend rnsl din mcnoric. cr dc obicei, Ainod coDlundlmsr psq cu idcpltnl aknlnfior d cendui x (unde se :tuncc! ,uDai o pffrs din grc.i erau adormiti), cccr c.'i pclDire sir]cvc . ..ntadi cljc inte alimllir rrsDicau dur .de,.zer s,'dzboinici sau cnlundrti in sonn J veghea lui asdcbnot.p.me,invc.rrile Il-133lccantuluialX.lca:

''Hrd dr' t< n€8ior ril TpoLrdv dop'ioa<,oar'rc({v rrpd noud, ad rakro n'ds' npd,o'llrijv oupirrov r' tvonilv ,i|laidv I dvBp.jno,

.,Cand sc uiu la lrcienii 'dmasi

inainrcd ccr{liEl s. uins de multinea de focui erdeau pc cadacqi dc cinrarca diD fluiBr si Dd si de Iaflr dc dmnr"2l , .s i ngur i n- ! rc prr te. . ._. r r 'aJa. XVtr I439 =

oir 6 diruop,i< iorL I.irpdv okavoio22.Hitpias din Tasos.Pqsomjn4unosd smgtr l

Hippias pini {c!m attsrar in prc:opoCnfh trsirnd c un dcmmrat€rngiar la Atena din pncnE luper' polirice din iNulI, eKcmtrt

Il

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- t rMdnr adF .n.d_ 24,. vau,, r . in q

"h.eed.r kr . . . , . . .o,a.. i , o." .u"." .r- . : " , r i " .. . ! orb. . ( $ I \ r ! . m 3u,d pe,.ct f , to, . - . h i \d, . .d jmrn.r! d Aft!oi,F tle 3,trm,G o osemcne4 po\ib,tbL il !n.umm pc hrppE\ \Jdtrdd lpnnr v\n!tJdep a red( renrl

mohfiorc,leI1 urmrdEErisouaeraamrsm, crrrs 6up* vuurui cr Ees",. E-v.. D ldTo

pobk'inor rjLlKrcMrgol,!ur,llr.Itdre.o]A.^hdf.or orLl. ts21 n 146rm

.![pd) rd.cuiodprmun!k tut v oi o, neadtr ou HrDD!\oDtrnea mmFk\ 4Gkr plni Niz, a. .a r,,t. rr",r. rrxl t)g r

,4 ,Mut lumi{ i unc hune tcspr. , r i "

\ r ;c or idrqFeo.c! 8tk oviok.unfl huncf!f,cLu4ri

oru0 6! 0r'rr l$!or'ro ra npL! pa0o! aod4i 11,oL

?6..Trc.ura n,r b in. . ctr . ln/rrdr X 252 253.rcnFur udu.rrrdj'ii nrru(\ odi\eusphe ru%,r\,rttr

- nqpo,xd.€/ r€ nrio/ y,)a

rovdloPo'pdu' ' rArot6(,trkadrerl tLlcl;: tu, Mrmu .htur!mabneLl|,l !N/Drdl4c nofl,! numa. nft L|G{lm ,n! rin6nc. r crcd,ere;J.

r{ f (J In ( kr .dupjr f im,FJ !r I

CDIVIENTARI Ll LA,oOFIICA )t{V 116l t-1161 b

,I4i ale noplif (d alte cuvinre, nt mtrlt de dod ftmi), OdietrDurcapftrindcci,Jtuidn$nc!opft .adiclultimt€ine.

23.. ,Pulpare de cosiror" . U;rdz, Xxl 592: rvNi{, !or<Jrrdr rddd'r ipdr DupicumDixtrr i idevin! iapi isespuncobisnuii,,vin .roranlel iajului(dcoositdid!mcrsl)din

30., .To!rn! v in lu i Zeus . t iad?, xx 211:

34., ,Acolo opr i iD-s ' r" crc t t 'd, , xX 2t2: r i li ldxso ts{rivlv (tu rexrulPeri@i: xdI.€ov) i}xd<

36. cl rucon. Dupi oiporczi r lDi Ro$4ni, d fi vdba dccunoscurul rapsod nrierpret homeric Claucos din Rhegbn,pomenit in dialosd platonic Io,,530 d.

r lcriios in od,tmr.ll52,Penelopa e inliisatica fiici l46lb

5.,1a vcnirca in LacedenoD! . Od,ie4lv I timn.9 l0,J$i grses re morivarca

lo. . , in ideal izarca rdcv! i t r lu i ( rpd< r i o ixrLoy).Aspidtiasprc,,naibins cmcdzeazi.dupiAGtocl,intcasavi4lauiur i iorgar ice Ct D.gc, axr, I1r l7a15:rdv' lOJoL< il 6Ld rd iiky.aiov ro(i i rd rd o lor;De8e,etenpt,\\3\6b21: tv daao& a€i ro0 0.Irioro< 'lpi).o0aiOor.v rij/ dJoL/;Prys..VllI?,260b22:rd 6i 13iXIov,i€iia0ld[0dvo[.v tv rn 4noa rir.ip!{v, dv i 6uvardv ctrobPfladile din [email protected], !. 47 fi urm.

l l , . .o imposlbi l i latc lcsncdrabil il crc. cl. xxlv 1460 i 27.

l2.Zsuxis. DespE opera accslui pictor, vczi nota h

1,1 ]s. , , Int !ce. c rcrosidi l " ctc. I pruca lu iAsathon Eprodust mri sus, XV r4s6 a 2.1 25.

20 , .Cr E!r ip ide de intervenl ia lu i Aigeus . I0

215

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' . . , in, . n. , . , , r r

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-za, trn numJ ir,mr mrmcd\r I kaecdtr, (!, p @Lc e dvron(cn4( rh '4t) .db, tupr. j_.u gu,{r ,ud, . . r ! n, .huL

@ pezc &.r{a tm,rt p:d ! ret Lrl fitrd.LD(enskL.

_. r2. .scrlr-. cu muril pmbrb,hlJre un Ll,tuamb dl lui

io l rXn t454r lo.r+ Mynn,.Lo\.orgindi toctr ,k j \ rn Elhc.a.onkm,

PUrm(uEnh!,{e{rMrtomernu !r In!rc ! rrgi.(vrr?1e{.h..lu)

- l+15 Cr ip jde. .

imr ,r! AJcib adr (ycnuph., co,! . t1r.15. Pindar. pesomj nccuos.ur.7 S, \ r \ r r r ro. Rr|s i ! i ! .b0u(urh drc s ln

opunL Tor rdrde nNn(uor lu

l l . . .Poezia rragicI isr producc etccrul s i t i r !

, ._ l5. .Pdr | ' d( m(rr ! t ! i , D! hs\dcru Ct. .dcr,or,$pr /8.r . , t009 mm, Eunp. r@j/ .5c5 rm

^ -r l . ,D,r ! r rc I of ! ' ' bbtoul ptrne de relref . .

usdeBukt,er . . ! t r iL lne(ol,mprc\nun i de Hily L, prupnde Lle tJ !!. drdc.: d.

COMENTARIIJ LA PO'IICA XXVI ]462 bprodrcc nai nut t i pt i 1462

c.re-(rd y,ip dopodro@r i&o r). rde e dezvotratd cu m,imul@ dn nunre in Prchl , x\4II 91? b 8

2..,O€d&ur lui s o roc I e,,. o {iatn md dux, rcferjma el^(*drhEAe.

9. , ,Din mulre asc mene a pir l i " .Conruiccrcacu)LXIII r,159at9um,enutudapae {.lnEarnrle,chEvedcdin lr<rv r 459 b 26 nan.. Arisorel n! uir.i ci fofta ci mBriv!lnglduie cpopeii o cxrensiune l€ ce n o podc aringc r$ecdia,ftdBi ra sinpla i'Ji!\3ie a inrrnpt:ritor deslisude pc.cenr.

l3-14. , ,Ci cum an ar i lar o ta vrcne". ln nainurb rendDn. ct rwl t462 a l3 s] IatLducerca.p.4r

19..D*prc poezir iambioi i s i concdre. , .Cuvintc plinrc de h sinslr maiuscrn. Ricca.drsrur 46(cl.c.Lmdi,.,Riv.di FitoloSid.,Il, 1925.pp.55t 555).As$rapI4ii piedft a P@o&r'.in c& rebuie si fi IGr barab suhi.rcreadlel aruntato, rczi lrrftiJD.eEz, tp. ]l 12 t, nai depdlg,AFcturiccrc II, u\re. ponind de,! o sdicn modeni inctrin,r.i lsanunitultrj lra.ra.,s c.,iririrnr4 se hcearci o rcoonrnutre rilinli hdi a co.etlici tui Ansbcl dsspr cohcdic.

Tcxtd abia adinfi rc,e ton pisblr dc trn oan0lcftmsccrdeu din scc. x (no. r20 alcoteclrciDccoistin,6rizi ltrBiblioreaNdionaDdinpris)[email protected]@rt rfonnordi penh lndia di de J.A. cimcr (car I a |i ednar in vo,rrnur inlirur4 ,4r..dor, crrer s c.dd tn'nuirnrk Bit iatlcc,cResr'u P'tJ?,sr:s. Oxford, l 339, r, pD.4o3rd). ddr exrnoulproblcnclor pc c@ le pun€ inone abin cu sruditrl tui la.obBen1ys. Erye.zuDC zu Aniobtet,pocrrr (,.Rhcin. Mnscun ,,VIII, t353, p. 561 uih , reriptuit ln Z||.i Abhanltu,scn ijbet.Jier*beliehc Thtutic 16 Dtuns.pp.133 t36),umrrt,o,rcegdishntrl dc c. Kaibcl, Die pr.reSorc,a llEpr (nMaArA:(,,Abhdl. d G.\ d. wiss. zu CdiitrCen, Fhil hisl. Kla$c". N F..rI ,4. Berlin. 1393) Ji dc J. Kryser De vet r,n tuc t@ticxq,,.y,ordJc [email protected] rpzig, 1906.

illl,l

D M. P]PPIDI COMENTARIU L\ POETICA XXVI 11n2 b. .U|u, . |e lcu'd 'uT

;.:;",;jii' l" ;,;,;" :';;:lL^ ;,1).\:;,?l i;iii:.' ii."'';J.lii',X',...#,i,"', rij:::,:j;.:I#,l:'til iili:'j"J;.;":r., t. +" -'". r., ̂.,

T _'. |.lrP.inL .{n _ do dl, rlu \aao.crJr\pre.uTeJFrrnu.. ttr. rkr, | -4a Alri er..6-

,un did . ren e dc .n,r . .Gm.J Jte t ; ,

; IT. ." ' ' " ' ' ! 'de, . l ! r 'U'od|U'D'r .n 'J 'd ' l

,,^,1;::"J'"Tf,: : ii" ;'":';;"i:;i:"i_ :;::*.:,;;':;,,,ill.:l,liilil'*'"rc stustr"u'ui .: n ctr ak

. f6bnntketnmod tc mr inplup.nn(. . r ldrund.

kmn ( t6 ' q igr : r jbuie t ! Ard.rct(r i masrnrrcarenu

phre rcr(n tr rdcir EJtrfu Urerm pmnnr epufl, etenfrilc.!!,1rr nd!cRaphnuesh!qzrn,t. gcru/u dr4nrn! r Dr-mu,,r. a cad' apJric e uclpuri turnri caid c ror.ompu\l pm0!,

,",,,,^H"Till J,',i lnxit:ff ;illi.iJ;t "j Jil:H"J"il:"r,ta m nrim! hsrrtrj rlirn4irh rrabtutrl'i jiv4drun lur

;ril[;1 .H :t[i;,':T*." :;llt ; iti":*'f :Iil--.it:un dtuunurreu,ie Ll prc\mr'] nr rtlode,LD usordc imcleco-ru ,.. kimer reaLlrcbtr r tcrrtui in dr.ur e. LtuDa;,ra

Ianlratum an .tunt FasneDD \Brr)n.1qst))

FfulnrcduJom,Delprccomed'e '

7;;di,l -"b

fi ile!!{$tr

2. Piin compftimir ti tom!. tagcdi.isbvefre prtincnrclcsplrmome alc strlrcruruir ceea cc 0rniiEne e o droapi[ htkuli a

I Comdj l r 'mDierDei&duruh:2ir5 ' f . \pr)v i r . d.u<n gni i\nl)odobi'- oqhtrdu|]r JeLuril. nc_

crrci plrli . ci, imnate hchipun{ dc oameni in acliutre iar DUpov€s r. Ji care pe crlca des&tdrii !i I sulri sdvir$clrecud!rca accsrdparni. prrinbte oi e srt.

4. Resd c {imit ds erpnmrre sau dc siltratii. ir 0nnd cd.porrc li prircjuir de o pokirne do vorbc (6ruyuIia). dc vorbeavand mlai lntclcs (ouyryuaia). dc nec&eal5, dd vorbe fonmrcunclc din ruclc prin a,lllugier sru inlltunrca vEunui suncr. dovdbcdezmiedr&rarc,dciorb€nabir(c!ehsuls eva6em[-iiror). in sfi$n dc chipul cum sc vorbe$e. - Risul dc pc urnr3 urriilor pone li pitcjuii Jc o asenuirc (cu cev! mi rru sau oceva nar hun), de o mlgnc j dc o sibqic fld icsiR, dc o siin4reirvordili rhssd fii! rrmin, dc un cltci nea$rcprat. de bDdiotdde a i.Jitita Fsoddclc inr o luin[ dcrrvonbili. dc tr! ,l!nrrclalocul lui. du un om din cci ctr aurorirarc cm nesocorctrc

'nrcrcsc niematc ilcryind dnDr flcacuri. dc o vorbrrc dczlinarl,

cmn rreni.icrp trici coadi.5 Cdnedia se deosebcJrc Jc 6arj(ud cad remc aceNr

inl,ereazi cusulrir.ne tatr,com.dia ieLdrsc i,L ccca c. sc n!-

6 ZcrcfrhrulumnniBsindnn zczcpicarctcsurerutui$i

inpl4ir! in didacrici si reoreticil), ccarau 'lraha.ici, in cae posolajelc strnr

cm imbrrthcaz{ 6mdia, &agedi!. nibii

2r3

D.M PIPPIDJ? Aia cun rebuic si exhlc o dHptil hisur r rricii sGnite

de rasedii, rcburc sr exisre s o drcapri ,ltsud a dsnlui &inn

3. Elcmcnb at€ oricirei comcdii suftr subiect, clracrcr.ludccrri.9151,nuzicr.spocramt

subicc! enic e cel brodd pe o eriune haztie.CamreE propdi conediei runr: at bidnmrlui. d Drelicu

tului $i J lrud.ircsutui,Judccrt! sc url in doui ch ipuj: phri ,i dovezi Dovczit€

sunr cincii juddinc, tnvoicti, nrrturij, cu ne. lcsi9. Limh cotudiilor c er obrreascr sj do r;nd. anlorul dc

mmcdii c drlor sr prntl ttr gun psEonajcror lmbFi prj4e^cr.dat ficitrdul pe ficcc s! vortodcr dupi tocu i dc onsine Ctuttrte@vacctnsdedannzicali:d. aci3ccuvindlrtuarctcciree-lcrEuz.sc. Elcmetrtul spectlculos c de o b& trtitirab in s;crrl indroc,candcvolbadcin.6url$ncbhGn6c:npi< rij; Uuro.

'!'idvcrBcnays; riy orpooyicyd nmuscfiselor nu nj se

pft intcliSibD. subiccr, rc rnc, cad se tbdlnesc h rodc ofre-di erjudccdi, curterc,3leDctr! sp.c(aculc _ mmai tn uoctc.

10. P{4ilc.one'liei sunr parru: Eotog,inrcfrerlja oo ttrj.

prologul o pdea.omdier & rinc pari h inrrca oo lui.xoNfdr, cinrul ioronat de cor, drcil are o (ecaic inri.dc4.

Episoduleesceecupinshrcdonrcdbruri zlccorutrn.Exodul cac iDrenenlia finari { cordui.I L Folunb come.lici sun. vcchc (cae cxuercazt norn

slumatl). no0, (caE, tcpndindHe dc aesi elcmeni iictjnr spEsrrv dc). mijlocic (un ahcsec d rmanduom).

APENDICI

rtli

I

cncsc:3d rp4r;rpo! i <r6v r,ijy i r,jy,r\€}.idy,cu Grd€mon, conptclrr. cenri dc

tv ok kI r't, ktiutrea n$. xr'c,rdi,iB 16ii P?risous 2133. r.lo. de kord rd, otait dc

rixprjviaL d< .i6€ory a €ir.iv : d<,pmh,oi<.coenendaticatuiyahlen ordincacuunrerd e sDtcnrl de rcsiuna rsbil.,Ay0.i, cu wctcker, aer8k, wnrm*itz.nr.16y (pend arrdy),6nj{bn tni cudm.rofLv tonoraor<l :i 6L,riiv, cu Twidir! si

tndr'o€i< (P4isi,ar l7,rl). Maidnateac'lilorilor pFferl ,jror€on, kqiu;ca ms.

in,.r 4( iq(i,tfu po6.Ly!a o$40orrrro.loioL rd!,ru By$arers Bdchcr..i6,t 3i,ni4e dydy/bpio€o<,cucudctom.,l'd\Ioy, i sdyLio0, ou cudcna. ti Ehc, inrenEllli Dc vcxiuncr r$i. Cf ComcDhriulp. 134 si, mai dsptrE. Apendcle Iv.

,l dirdy 6rir0oL<,, rvoL< 6, rr d,0.. cuGudcd.n. tn loc de: ir ailiy, ().jd'o 6. r1

II

ARISTOTIL SI ARISTOFANlojufl boict [j$or[.c r c.n,.,tii

smr mi binc de pdnrzcci de ani dc c6nd tnr{c@ Iftiiidoiau urilii, dqr c ciei meri.c bj s au pilntdinbrdcauaexagcnier-ptureso lrrnodLaneCooFrdrcp$tndiscurjcuM(r1tr acelepbbl€ncpccrsfi lolosj j !u cAbodadrendiltr sitcocsopcE,lcnrdI s aco apliilmrdeatcsisj.$tNi..vErns.spun:chcsriuEadea I * lcl de cienDtc va Ij rotsira*lotclt Drtr a ti itusra reona mnicuhi.in pdlca pie da ! pocrer,sru, cr sa mi crpd'n mai h'nurir. .c Etd va n cxhhr inh acchieoriesoperaldiA rlofar.depitdi?

Lancea{i din urniinrebmc,rrspu,suntc n- tiDsn. decind criticii sc rudcs. sI d.onnttuic invirirln tui ;$obtdcsprc cotudic Larc clsper cibszi cabva, -in sercldl dcravo-rab'le a(onrlui Pjs:t'1o4 ii rocnai Dcnrro a l)lorc$ ihporjvautrci judcc4i soNrit! ncimcneia{r ie dii osbnqh si corscft unclpnoi rlcirlii la carenrrfcricaizujrii.piliitorcctorcc I auprc.cnat.ropriulsiuoxdncn-prctbrs.rpundjncipuuoc0tuinu tn !c parc ooovngdror. De acccr nu S.viistrvin asuod i.supuneiJtrIc,lwaobsc ari,cuarft mriblcnroscucat.dtrpiJLnnh mer. d'nery N I I s:r'dir prii sdtzi s:i_i rare s|rbjciuDea.

ARiS]OTEL

Ca intde ln mrtcric, iit[ rprecie(! pe c{c Lrnc Or)!3rcrcde a oputlareprosd unuiqitrc de uli.lui Bubhcr:,,No p e'nlndo, de lJpLul'1,.r Ari.rlLclvl h l "t(lithfli

Ll. utnn'l\iLicpureEd. mrc'nruca dL An{ofr'r.,ii!ts tio fiizi \p(u' Ipc ru r o inlidll - in J,bdos@ la Pocdi! arsknclici a hrIng@n By*ater: ,.Dact idvitltulajuns, am li sisn &i[ lDddidi ci sc potiKst nai binc comcd'cinoi d€itoperei lui Arinolm r. Abia draftbuic sl dev ci, ddciid din$i poate inhdlwa da loc la cotrfuzie, in nlsur in cdcprcdpurcln cruzi s.nr ibilnnt a lnisnca r lni An$obl.lmdcrftbi dccar vedcnk-i l{dicc asupra co'nedi.i, @ de'a douae ctr :c poarc de limpcde ti de Prcisi Ada*a nn I ihpiedjc, p.

Lmc Coopcr s o intelcag[ cr ri cun ar pdvi nericlc lierm 3lc

comcdiogduhi. ceea cc-i cteazi obligrir de a lua apllrc€a lni

Ari(ofdi impotiva unci invinuiri cs i sc l!rc Derl€apti $ .m r

n,rtu adcvllr. daci r av@ sentul P. ce i'l rlribuie invlldul dc

Ul]rmd c ci. de a lmeul lnhlului $diu de caE n! ocup,cjtirorul arc iqrEsir ci nici unul din dSurontere nvocrr. iu I'.ling tinrai rodrc par oa*cun stlinc problcDrei ii, iD rclliEie.

reD! h sm$irul dcDoast{iei,legltu cu !trbicctll dmift discuiilrill Nici mcrod! cffi snsisd in nunnnu p.srjelor rnde nudle lui tuiioldn so lnielndtcin scrienh fib7ofdui. pentu a de_du.e Biadul dc tdiliarirarsd ccsluiactr opc comediosnluluiinici ac*r a iBn$ni dc iudecrri lavo€bilc dsuDra acesbi opcrcemrnind de lr dirici d0t {te deoscbili tntc ci cal po! ti Platon i

Quirrilim.Cie$ii St ]on Gu" dc_Au,-n ru Diric i flce ctr

sircun chcriun€ cd d fi tcblilst ftlin, atenlia autofllu1. r€r

Jc a irr in c misurr o picsi M Ad,,Db,t, de pildr, cn licut{ s,

ilu$rcP con.cplia ,rislolclici dcspE concdie? De la incepurulpini la sltusibl catiblulni. domtclre aslcl r'n el o pdmnc !

ARISTOFANSI

i

tABhard tu ,rdh'linvhLtu: n kd

i qfu/r mra ior 'e.ut r \ n, . , i . iJ prooib, , a tu. A, . or t l41u-crrrcr on dLi . . r ! . p,op.k. , r { . ic .d am. ur'u

rrLl .h.JeF.. , - l . rc4. J to/o utu, . . . ,u. .cau, , t rpu 0 n(ar Arn,t p& : ri urbr ri rJnnlk lu ptubipenru Humcr tiincIn.ftr.,5pre,cdto nu t4r rhored(.trsr+l<\crcrcs(J duntu mui i ! r ( tu i rJrc a(, .ump4qn I(a ,ps: onc&e'

'neori!nirpMe, trn( io lldgin,tc p!e,c.r nuvrersrplnrnrci tu! !An,ord4l idfra\Efracb.Jresnnlcnoernrmosrkruf .euuj nrr l f ( iur Ltdp, m€nlE sdro, ;b.nndrr smgtrf4 inr(bd ff src:r f, ueb! rs L o Drna Ltrrc\{per( sr. lnsura pc !aE nr 5L, p6,. ft JR;.ntrr3d"comprehmsibri!ftn! dtrpr46hobsd{,dcmentur d vr,lq.s, u. . h.{ne JcJstuln ior rsrdecremnhrc n. t r ._

uir(oc : 4vdr pnrejut ,5 ok:(j c! ! jrrcc4c tusemrFrcf lnn i tudnd ne nbr dc Icrmcn(Le \onsLruri!e rk didm, _{duir rc Hrc AJ'sloFlllnun,. |L nF

' !d 'u! o i 0rad < tuu !u8o.,ot tuIRJf 'de, j r

ru {ubrdu A{Ad tmptu,, d(urle jn mod IEs tlDcofccprr dupr lrie uncc \rr,c pudrr & fi .ituhkr 3i,rcpr7ed3rcd (rridLii.d!m,R?hLt,porbrl.nor,\trle

orlrtujnr ! ! r' m( selui I trLlrc5cbi tlrma. ri, nLl o imn,ii. arcur.Lrrcru Ecilrei \iciun_c: cr f,ioqs.tuqirelr rrbrtrrn(xou .,E!trsmr mei hpr., iu r unc,.dliLU.,^,rendiohdcr nf dn mr'eil.,itrcpdut- n ,nrfd!t.7nnc&e, raardn.!aJr oncrrer cohedl,apu fncalr Lmc Co"n* ! nrc j et d;vrcm. c Drrun,rr (iprol J .ritr otr r sficJk sd \arc:. rNo.m!.i h p.e7i, kreLi\rurrrd.ii 6m€Ll,c aJ n!,el prrc

D. M, PIPP]DI

n*ii$$l$*r**ra*;-*s,ffi

AFISTOTEL 5I ARISTOFAN

!i li socotit intiea sdu c$nonia ans,mblului ca finid DrjrcPrltLlelemcoi canrilativ, accl dc c(c bare celelrlrc d.p,nd.. "1. Dinpiclb,masta judi.iosllconsbm n*l impicdidrsip'esupuniciteoia omcdici.,F.uN ligun in pde!pFduii r tdbiar. hbulcsi fi fon ,.de a.luns dc ct!{icr" pentu a imbrilr$! deopotLprcdncriils vechii * noii omcdiie, nici sil dagi cotr.hzir (pc babdsr rcmeiuri nu se giindcSE sI ne o spun!) cll,

'luN rorte

pobab jt4ile, idcal0lSugintuhi in mrtcdc de coDedic hbtrr srn f.( ,,nn componil inh calirrlh eld nui bnne comdii ilercchiul$finouluirct.no "'.

Cu r.1 dpc.!, cNcnit aubn r i a$tat srld1i asupn csericiicelor vcchi. du poi si nn observ cI a lace o a:cmcnca !tumrtieinscmnl s uih ci, dupll Atsbbl, pcnN r rjutrgc ia rormr i cvo_luu din vcacul al lv lcr.mmcdia Gai tasedin dcalrditrtn)cuno$use o lntcr!, cvolulic'r . pornind dc l. Stusolanele inproviTrii numne .dan.uri ralicc'rz si ft.end pnn knsfom{n pece, in nomcmol cand i$ sdh P@tta. rtrldul nlltnri$a r nu leroi putea uonsitoirr DespE intiidsfa cea nainotrI I co6.'dici,Iilohtul N nespdnc-.um o hf pcntu tagcdia tiinpuluis$u-drcl i prrc a li lrins tinh dlriil a tchimbl orce_icauhturzit, acea 4itoc propic p. clre orice liinti sau lucru asPirlso rcdiazeLa. P(ctilrilc ltri dcspE drmi in gereFl, ca si dcsptlcgdluile dinrrc tagedle si sbedie sunt tot$i suhctnlc pen.oca .plicenda@sbiadinurhicdtevadinjudccll eenlseasupracclci dibtei si pdtn n sigud ci i inrept Diilm corect srnddl

)

;."rlir;,iir;,;,,:r ]; :.; i:ru* j,li.#*'-ffi[t*'**r**r,ffi*$n#r*r,'i:ffi

D M, PIPPIDT ARISTOTEL SI ARISTOFqN

Rindurilc aoc{ca sunt {te{ul dc limpezi pe$tr a nu arcrdcvoic dc cofionhrn Rerxi din clc ct, pa&ivir Dnci conocp|npcntu crre druna sc irliitisr cr lbpo e inbrio Nozia ti. ni drmi chir, &Lain €rlt*a 1o1m,dcsiversni I utrtri D$cs de nnnalie umlrind sd repreTintc pcid o acliutrc rosttifi dDpi lesile tdinitutui ri n4eselui,a o l,%c.ri.ci cra Inclinar si aF€cierc in chip desebir comdiilc r .i6r srudurl s apmpi mi nrul. d.

'l$nta iddr. A[cl

spus,ctr.iriit-. co'ncdic cm mai nulriintig! sauscl'une,ctra€r i sc vr n inmiif{ n*i dc'nnl de a na alntrd dL d$n'a tiPrsmm dn ddcn$o, cu rlir hbnic si i se Ii Din. tui pededr''.

C(c 6ahrI. din re* puncr Jc vcdere. pozi!a lui Aiiofanf.lide iut i conbmporani ai Shltislu1, pEm*ori ri comcdielnoipc cale decon$ituircl FlrI r sh sI lnccn spcculah lsupmsdctrii comcdiilor sale pLerdutc.cncindoielnisc!,h'ccapder og-rei ca€ ne a 4um si dtc hcbuio si lic caa mai EPre^n-.orivil slulsubicctrldinecoronir licctuc' p,ese e mai puriitnsemnat dccit acel !L ,divodisncntclor' c[c, la licc. pas,lntEnLpdest jnnra htign. Aceana cmi mulli critici $nt dc ic.rd L' ti, dacr Lanc coopr sc ft'leoblierr a se depiina dc ccea ce sopinion,imivoiineddujsrnuhplrriicschodrturdcaopnclanii a.crsti olnrie gEsitll.'Elcnc ulfu sncnbl ri odcfteipi$e a luiA.i{oran $d. el ltr eoarll pivirti eomarcid@hozlie. cr.e derernjD, dct iilo: ln md mm nisud decat *ip!de imasimric cu ctu. o pune ni sent. accana c aacr cc oglindcstctirirscnn uisilu re.Afi.miiacrtirdcadovinLi cartriDituinu-i va lrece prin nimc s o ti!:idtriiscii. Dtu odrtiD,rimrlincc.$aelrdlcglludctrproblctucroncrulltertenria,tia$ c

D.A4. PIPPID]

ilni::iii# iji! lxti l#n:"nii."ilx.r"tARISIOTEL

tnde$llt uc pcntu a fa.c cEdibilc idanpHrilc si lip.utl.ocljunii inlnisaE pe sceni'?r.

Rcgtrle carc csrmuie{e cx$ctetlc pcdonljclot e rBca!,cfc .rmuie$e intig.. tozulEinl F cdc-l uml€ih c toL vr'o_rirj/0t sru

"e.ss?.,1, ,,tfa lel ca sPdsolc sau faFele fie.tuuia sI

ftedebmindredcvcssimilitates de Fvoie si. idisi. o lspti sauneEdupld!!duplc critrl vcresioilnlui sau ncsesmlui 4

k randul lui . .dcznodimin.ul intigii tmbuic s! E datoEzccmdel.rdo or, !\i d unci inrcflentii diinc s. cea cc nvinoa lpunc cd, rtui ds cdri excaplionild,.,in inu|ltrna rrptclor nuftbuie sl !i faci loo nici utr element inliolal _.

stiruinra cu ce Adstotcl rvino asupm accsEi ditr Drmipopozitii. p.ot3nd o dati cl leul ninculosllui c in qrolEe",alri datt cil lntigi dc ldlrldccstr ucin-d hbui ludc in cons-dcr.lic1N, e semnilicdtiv{ lentu alitudinca St3gniblui fatl deliDr,sr4 cl.mcnt { cirui inriurirc asupE sPccraro luiorccunoa{e. dr pc care I r vtua lisar lr o pane dc r0ioni drsndici,ptni dolo ol i sfiruiesb pc acertia din lni si pElde'ltrtardnnh posibils, mcvoic dc crczur', p€ cclc,imposibft cu iollritdrcadc o n adevirrrc (rpod,p.io0ai r< 6<i d6',vdrr (irdrd

uduov ij 6urcr; dnioavo)2t. in es$e cond,tii, iporoTa lui kneC@pcr dtrpi carc. dinh Mlc nicsclc l Arndm,Pisrteunavu( cclc mai Nnlie sane si1 plsl lilo2oluluia mi se lm tudcputitrplauzibiu: ii, dc buni scrmi, m argdmcntul cI un dlo! c.aurorul td trlui DcVr t$,1/Dt'r./ortcblie si sB Li tuir.r

sl

iitil

r'*ru*ffit;T:lj;';tiT:": ", l, il"t:;;".;:,:::l;:;Tii:,

;+i**#-tffiilllll ji u il u1r.r', ""'*

*3r**+*fl:ffir*r+*mi ;;lii u]* jr *j,i,;i Ul ir fli::.,,*.i ri::11i";ix;,il fl,.; l;jl,t:'-; ';;;';;:';i ll"! i ',1:;ij"i;-";

^",..;.#;l;.,l1iili?:":l::itfi lT,.i:J:ili1*;,Jti1;t*fr :ai::l:

rrcrD M Phpd|.dr&"erqri4lr h. iid,iit.m v!tu

!31

*iiil,ll"4l.rii#,t"Hri:"liiiiililii:r"h q-e cr,ry rGn.rls

ARISTOTEL S] AFISTO'AN

cs si in dD, ascnlhtu)ri d fiecrre diotc noi, ftbuie se ne depa

|eascr pril amoni! u{s uilor si padevlrat pcnh trye'lic. ri o!rci crci, in loc si ic cr iori om.nii.sunt mi degrahr asa cufr f kcbui sI ne bf oaneniiia! rccasd eadevnd si pentru comdic, .ic ctuci pc^on+ t.huie sa imhaceun cracbr dc Scner:liEb ln {m i lc faoc ii l)c clo rePrcTenratire

Fld r li sEnit pri nult asutra accsui ptrnct, id paneaplsrari , Ped.ct. Arnbbl ne di (n$i sun.ierte iDdicali pcnh, j puba rconeird geidu I Asrcl. dnpi ce ne 3phc c{ la diginileci pezia s d l, inpinir Dotivit lhiipmrilor lunii narudl.nobilesigdrc-jr andrapblcdahenilorrlcii,oltii suflereledcrind

pe c cld vulgsri), hsr sl $ inteleagl cl pdnslc manif€iin,le Muzei conicc ar fi fost ni-sre'ntrsdn (!,d]]dr,oudbcu

'intc rtrcrn psnon.lc piilojuire de gc$d s.u de aritudini nprc

heNibilc din punctul dc vcddc al sconpusoinvcnuriiambi( fi dlinuitpa.lmunpdrde3eiiu,aurorul t@ Dlui csiconi. MargnLnilor sii cale! viitoniui, dindu-lc posibilitrter sl admnc pcntDinteia odl a icipalir unei canedii . Accsa - di 3c spune d6pre cllncrpitoltrllV,.aNaE.hlormc&mati.enuinvcdiv!,cjcemic0l(on 4r0'1ov nrri ri y(l\oiov 6pauirDno,rior<).lnt-adcvir, id rapon cu c.m.du. Mr4ns e ccca es tagediile tati dc

ornm a. li vakDrca lesior inrorm i lsupra in@Cutudlortahlui ln ecncnl si a1e rcatuld somic in Paniculr (c dc ajunss[ spnn cI Aisiolel rtibuic parcmnatei lui lttdg]ts a onlui,irdct fl ci o bun, pane djr cridcr rcspinse Eonlirdrilc h'i calipiir. dc rcneiv), el. rd in orice caz rcrnd dc a ne lacc cu'noscrrc vcdfilc filozorulu asusa unui subioct din cclc nai

D M. PTPPIDJ

I

X1"J'iiii,"i:;[T:1"*llllt* dcslisuslc de $mq] srar

".,:,:;i t:r.:"T.:;,.:l :::;,il1i1. ;::T;"lj:T :.:i :i#i'l:Iil-'T ; J:; T :.:" i,t,;i_r:,ll"Jilll,tly;, iiiil,lilX li,.t: $"T.I:t;i:;::_

*r-^p", : ; .*- . """. { f , in1.Jen$,;r . .e,

! , urur sec\pirnr ib prurr ' ] Jrr

; T:l; :'"; j1: f.J,',Jr', :" "'..- il:tl,i; " r: 1:i::,:: : :J ilJ'1.";:i ff ;:ii::it*"l t:::"r#:::rpl ih. i . t ,*r i , ioDl i r& mri n, , t , _, ,*_t"r *" , . " , , . ,

*'tltlt"i'i.'iiiiiJ'Ti.il.t::.'.1.^::t::,: l1lt :rxor \r h(. si 160(.1 vu q lrp,,,,,., _; ;;;;;, i:il

_c ko"- , Is"* ;_.

;i:T.i::*t,1i1ii.,:fJ:t"# T:;ll.:,;li;;:::::rcstmea !ed n(u n, prrm r at! brJ,le, e

Leer .c ,c sraromn.sa ,n xcnc tundu ,jrn, _n"-"

ilil'iffiH:t#ff nlTl:tli t..,,i, H:friJii:r! n om(rr -qnulr

rJrk sner+, ne uo trhaDDri {cmrf

;J #:;i: ;i, ;,riiilTtJ j 1.fi 'j""::k"ti j:*itT,lr,i ::

j,li:lilitr:l ^"".',"."",'-,.c"",-"'.'"",..

ARISTOTEI-

cu izbucnnc! d,.boiului pclopotresiac. aspira!d $aE .:i1. o €g+ienrcroElipecdn0clenes.rcp(dicetrd o,d.sitnr{Md.ldc.E.ccr e i di aacrtol 6tfl, aPblpc durcos. cm o disringc inhopcrcle comicc ilc tooror rimpfilor,c c€a ce ftc .[, liinii dnacrualihre. Frrii pecerea ae$ci r.rtrdiiili in inhagr_i shcltrri:subiectele i pEl€rare sunl ioribpliiii dlrle Curilii. rtr anii plihu_

iinicelcidi ai Ligi lMidmi idorinile pc ctue k 3ptua dsllDtrcsaspnrLiile uFi bm pini ! so.ictlli' acnicne. r'trgtunfi dc prc$c

tFr crrasrotei apmpiaLci I csamjelc ci se lumcsc Soc$@ iiEschn, Eunpidc !i Clcon. E dc aln$ s:l aPropie'n asa|G drtr nnndlmpqrc dc lildudlc di'r Poedc, unde se Momddl oo'nedc

snfului si $ dcNcbcls.! de 0.elii imbici tc,rdr{! s, c.DPn,pc se'nz u'at nnrnili j.divizi,*nh c, sI inrclcecD ci, oricii& nare vrfi loi ddnjdia pc.d - ln atb pnvinlc Ainod tpntur d sisti l)cnir ceniul lli Arilbfdn. in{rc .o'aplii i desprcFnic si .oer r rcenoia dii urml di.edF cE prer nE cr s! ncmd ind.io i',coto ii vor n msB prcturinlold".

Todui acclstl cor€pric a .oniculdi, pc caE rextc ctraieinxintc N ru pcmis so lntdedem in liniile

'csml',lu sc gtses

lc lonnuldll .u o linpczinc tnm,nili int o deriniiic cd llinurGtrLlchnr,vmomp,r'b'liduLl'nLrcdr'sinJitl frc!unjzd;de r ' lozuf

' \ ,Dt id. ! . ,1r t int t rds: l L lcr luzi : \ .1 i"-n

tasiner tunrczici rhroim€!ri.licind din rcrlndu Fctexrui unor;ca eicrod. impmvizarii ri delnrniDd_o pa la crri.aurlPodvn acenei dcnn\n, comcdid, cunoromnincciopliii , n{ rver carusi dc pulitr ca scop idIlrerdijlnnai rsMtcloro{c te de onatuilinferiorri .c' nuDa',3

io* * t". a;;aimt. pno a ueohi'kr rivrdL (ord radov.c(iov, d$ A roi aiorFi tort rd l.roiov Fj ov'J).Lzratrdul s1u. ddicolul c dsfinii dc telasi rcxr ca fiind ,.u! cusu s o

sl

I

lnpd dnre in .r.b .m,ro\m-\ u crL n..r1- rcnj rerl

:j::::'11,1';::":i ::;.,..;11:,JT"j.:u;: " I -Nm< sr t rD Mlo(_tn o{ s( s mpt l tercuEn aie,orurdi

::":l .1" t:;*i;::;*i"":,t: il- -; : :;.,::.;'t'Jt ::,",1;: i :ltl:: :^;;:iJ:H,j':ii:lrumr- . l.ru,,rnptrl fzfl J! I fi ,'*r*,,_r,n*nr"r,t"

*l+s.rifl l:r.H[:+"t:$:,.#ixkr$',ii::x;iff iff :::llfif.tfi i"l I [..lif ft ?.1,,," i:i*iliec vcocrc !mit,une5pe.j3tr 3cod; a"sorr tu c-re. u!-",

##ri!.;'i,'fi ,,:* :iirr.,-xtr1. r"t""",ilr#:Hrl":"[*.il[11"{;#ff *:".'r,.:i;;J,:U. lli;:iL-i :i:fi tTft :';i1 :X, J,,Tt[: ::t,lrmpr& rrusmik. rcn,rJ,,r t

^, -q*a. * i*t

'm0(r }t f4ru,D ht,,r/r,u 3/rL,4.

",, ",:i:TLi{::lirf : :: li:i$:x:f i,',tjfi ;xt.i.T"i;*ri*:isi:k#rt$#*;,r: r

215

il D M. P]PPIDT

ffiffiiiill.li: ii;in,il ":il";:r.:.tr",ilr:i,,*"

ffi$*fill*ffihh problemolo rjdlo,.c dc inicrpEfta fainosdni capilol

IX sl P@r.€jmeotlicc, inchinat urci comprdii hft FTl siisbic ti posfum|d superiornaba

-lui dinrii asupn elui dc-d

doiler, cxisiii trn.cenu mi s. p5r a li retiDtrtdcaidns atcnta@ietlroiilor ti rl crEi interes ru va scipa iihlhui. cend voi nrlhtcievorbadeposibilibhadcrinpicajud{5tilefom .rcln ael tcxr dcapr nronc ii general cu .xcrplul con.rcr olent dcRdzboiu/pelolD'e*.al lui Tlcididq .tdel spus. dc otinia F cmShsinol va li nutit-o fall

']e o oper, ca acca a liului lui Olds.

Abia dei nai c ncvoic s{ mintesc cr, t)entu autonlPercei. c..r ce dcoscbcirc pc nb

luma ci uDul rc cxpridi in ProT[ddlapolderpovesti.p.imul,,,Iaptcricvcai eddate".i&aldoilca, ,.Iapte ce sar putcd hdnpla : r;v !L;v ra 1€vd[€,4riyav, rdv 6; oid d/ livoLror.inplus,opcrahroriouldN ma Kop cxpunefta .,udei lcluni, o s unci cpmi.mi exact a turunrcvcnincntelor petecule inirntnll unci cpei id le8iturll cu unulsatr mri nulte pesonatc, uiclt dL lnbmptiior r I rapon in cms&elsiumlrrudccclclauc :,ftcaccinscamnlcil,lnrinpce

l

ARISTOTEL SI TUCID]DIItr nlrgiic&.rp lX at Peticei

'ii1r

llir

*-l-ri*,1;l:ri,t,' i1i p1:

**i$'1ru*ffi''*n*+*fiN+tffi

lH:;Jf i" fjtiilt,i ;1i,.il1x",:,t; :i :;ltfil il;l: ;';;,';:l;:*,;llllffi :T jff ni!

AR TOIEL SI TUCIDIDE

0cesta pErnti pcnh ei o o{ccdc inscDtrriab ci l:'ptul tcon$ibi dohdr unsi rui Itrbudi ln nniven_6

PLdtu Streirjt. dnnlotivi,logrca *biei c mii !!tin rldirlllo dGi:trtr@r evenincnblor h,7trdul jorci un.l &Niderabil,iDrcligibilul dtenczi nu o ddl cu ininblisibild. I> re6 penhcl isbriograiir c opNli pcTjci, qr dn e opusi 9i trin'bi. MrtnaMci -p!€ a spuc.mticipend 6upm mi paerni ! lui Schop€'ruud'

- c forma Gi6o<), n**i' $iinlei, conccprul A'nendoul scratiF@l in dca .c tricJ@ vcinic qi v.snic n, &.leaii condiiild schnnb. obiccr0t isbriogratiei e hpr izolat ln unicraea sica@bol ld, inrintE!!. c eace s indlnette o dari pcnh a trumai Evcni nicicedd. Dc utrde condo/. cl,.poezia c mi filoz.Iicl

ridctrn cracrci nEi ales decir isrori. (O'IoooOiraor rdi

'nou6aLd,!p.v noiNL< lororia< idrivr)!dcudde,ifflii.ln

odinc. dc idci cc oe intercklzd, nnp€sia cr Ariiotol lndinr sinego isoriognfiei capacitaca {te a rtin& accl univcnal care.onnndc otisiiuridislinclvracm[iilorspnitului gEc s pccr€ncplmalrccuno.tcnnHmlstr sup€turnninopcraror

F&i indoiali. nc gdsim aci in lala unei dilictrhiri, si accas.e sporiu dc laptulciin dome ulcind Sb8iriol itisdia Poetrd

linre 334 $i 330 i.e.n.. dupi oDlnla ccn mii it&eptIliti")

lr,:-i;l:irr"":i. ; li ,r*"i;,, .l: . :.i"rjr".;i: r:;

-,u***ii++r++lffi

l

r l

*; t;:#*ir!:t# ;t+,r";,ir; ;il ̂ ; :;:j:rtrj;ii;:{r|:;rr: li :r:r:_,".", |l;^',1"'ii"*. r:11,1. ",;,1;r;,il"#

*,1ffi*+fut*lri+iiib' ff rdill':::$.'rl{Tl:}:il.'r;l#;*,*","rffi1;r,,':-,.l:ri,,r :lll:fi;ilTilfi l::5i J;"1,:::i:1,::nt: t siti, *:t;;Lr*Hir,';,-#+n[l;":'',.""ilii#]iI

f ',,'.:, :ii:;'s?"",':: it:il.lii5*;n :*,t" l, J"rAPISTqIEL SITUC]D]DE

- cD snsun crccplic a lui Tuctdide, Fobabil - o ncinhrupric[urac dc darc. o hcom! iDstipaniE dnprr luriirnc.nju]irds.de clc nai nulrc ori prin exPnnde dnecd (nu i odc nccsElnleldulinirirL al Iqmeruln' toropia r)

Cind, lr rendul siu, int o an0nid pqioadr a victi, cotrs!'rarl orsrnizirii dc ocrcdra sisremtie in torG nmur c cuno!*r{ii, Ainobi v! simli nevoir si sc inNea si ic dn numlr iDplesiondr dc connibulii dudnc. olcol'ide docdDc c cpigratie s libruc dc$imc 5I slulasci k cl{-boncr viitodclor snrlca. Petriro a cib m exempru cundcur. sc

$je ct iminlc dc a s$ic Porr.r stagiritul se osten'sc si rduic *sI {udic2c nu mal pulin de 153 cdns.itutii dc $rrc erccst iibarbrc. Cdrpd imcns .hiar penh nijlo'cele nosh dc 1ucfl.dus la bm smrin cu ltutanl cirodr didte ei mri irdstari clcvisi lui. driri dproaF i! intesimc pierdur. Din rnd rlorndlii llsl]in dmpilAnd l$b de prmi'ri la.oncusudlc &ddri€ ii gLmnicc,culclcii do d?rnt !i prcvcdc,ediii citicc si cotocnkrii'Acrivilac $nnom, cm dovode$tlinirii a ocrcctlionlui, sau aprittrdit€r lui dc r foLosi mdtridc atatdolcludt,dr ii accdb tebuie sr nc rlini in chip tlccial lnadanirre o coneptic pdondr r raponEilfdiikc invcst'grljesi rpccurrlje. dintc ai nunti sinrut.

C! rersti c.nccpric lvea sr culDincb cu cldhotlrm unBifilobfi ic@Ne{tecitoltiinliuivc$ari.csriutindcohirc Geao dtr sil rublini' e ci. in .adrul necida din dnciplirclc ln 3 ciNrrcls niizui{ sl opnndiinhs drGniul rc:lutni, raFondl dc suboFdonrrc r'nrrc pdbculr si gcd.l e lIltxr cu d nsors pc caDconsritnfta prcgerivi a mtxlc' Nea$o aacntuc^ ro( nar nn[ Icrc sc vcri{icil dcoDotriviin sriinrcle msdi cr i io rtiintclc s@lale

Pinrc eNEa din umi politic. deine, dtrprAnbkl, un ]daril dc inscmndi ircnt prcclamind-o tupLor,ir! *ai Bil\rdrddpxs(ro4rr) Gcil.ldv tr[rrriv) ii aprcciind ciptn. rr

I

I

( ihtbure onc dl ' j {hdJ sp(crdrr _ Jurmnn,tr , i i D e ! i

4€X@edr, ro rdurr< fi;\o< r{F;xor dy d liy rdyj5.La o rshtu a @cnd chopiit de a ti locorir, nu trutori inroFmE,a. bLr.duNcm |. pmlrlt,re€I rcJ:.a polr!?i. fitozolul:rr @nisuBr ij rdtvirJr dr arnri(. adun?id !.otaqotrmJ!r \ r 'hui le, l58Llc"rrh.d{mL J snot l l l rdr m ;pd.tulI r 4 r..o'!?(!p!d dJ[nd Jii rti mn \ri m, Lre xburlrcrf um poqen.mi p/rerllrr,6r. {hr coi\ enuc n l.mu jrk BtuFrunrcdrnhpnji'lcr r is'onc.

C,pt r r ls( !p jdce!orrd. t herd^ ; le lGnb,\ in le.-.cb' de subi(!trrc lusceniihrJc q otse nrctr\r dr drauiir rh4adumE @Nurhlivi Dinrc aeiea. hnxe smr sudirre cuJe mhrn'rr \i !! pnvn. a fic.n Llji et! an,ro(t srak.nr'sd,r umlrli po| Lle ,-! ,n(mc I !p rrlc oc nuLlrulprrt:h r ar pDblencidEluhk, tc utjrumsrd mqtuLleltrde eispccie J e !rqiiuhsk.r ruh

o vrdcE d! rnsqnblu.p\ nh,JJ \(i ia4!e ncvuic s! if,eP n, nrderorLren.ncrt'cde!ererr|l!porrM ("ir a,"]ror,,,;, .,i.kpd mi< t l rdq 4p4j€/u! lnop,ro! ,1,o, rp! . r r ! n.drourLv 0u!pour'i!) s jre vnbJ e mmpetcdJ ii tukirr mi

' fu ! i d 'd ! \pclul , r t r nu ndmri r rhuJ.rorotrdr lct !

pr.Fr ccrab. daK at rlzhotclor susrinuic dd a ri, Dr;c{m si drcztrlktclor .briotris cicr c tronll ca pr,cjoi 4cn;d!oa( s!

qFISTOTEL 5I TUCITDE

Dnkjnrascii dc riccr€ dda umtui ernlnrbm (dni ';,p

riv6[oi!/ ra drdLd n;O!r€v)

Adasi uldn[ pbpotric sc @re npdndc dinc!c conringerealilozolulul d.spnpsibilirdtruDei

$iinre a .ocicririlor urNne, in ddc a! abtrrql din cunoatlcEareneinicra hcdr!lui icsil. deTvollllrii Loi vin aft rr ochii luiAisotel, accana niinli c polibcr, dr c evident cl matii p.cm o prsnpunc si pc cdrc lii i'remeidr rzlltalele e olcnli d0 odisciplinl disrincti, cao c i$i.ria, in indoirLd inlel.s de stii li aftcurdlui mtionai s.i dc diiili a neeirilor st e Dac!rnaiI'

'evoic dL o dovadi in dccdlri privtili. er e ofcnd de ulrnnl p&

gnf ?1 rceluilti crpibl, un{lc, P(c[ penh a subliDia inse'nnrldcrconndorrtiilor de pant a.i, liloa)fnl scner

'Penh a intocm' lcgi.

nu i de rjdns si1 sFbildri pc calcu uNi srudiu spcc0titiv :l tecutolli o mude con(nutic sc podvcil€ mai hin' dilii. ci mi !cblie si cunosti con$ upnc in vle.r!c la db nermud $i coidiriilcfavo' rbLle lic.iLia, p€cum si Ficliilc dc raruri si contiblie !adcsr.ilmarcr kn lie c[ e voru dc pnciri tuerne sau potivni.e'A$llrd.eevnbntc!descrtunbdc.iutoie(1ii< naio60,:aldcl spLs, pi ma lonnl dc iiriogr. fi. .un.scuri srcc o, sutrtdc.scbir de lbbsitoxrs legislaloruh'i. d5o cum Penrn dclibcildlepoliuco se dov.dcsc utilc ccrc inh .clor ce sciu dc$recvcnimnblB de d fclul: rot< 6i 1d( no\nLrd< oroou\d(ol ,4, n.pi rds rprilda .ypdQd4ov LdtdpidLr'

incuvinrc c. sunt rlctimpuluislu iipornind dc 1ao 0€ou'nit m.m.nt al deTr.xirn

eaudni,grccni, liuiaiea celci tui bu0e rdmc dc oignni/arcpoliricli si *tirln, Ariiore] glsenc miildrul dc ! n. licecmdscurl in rcstc prgini solulir dcliiilivI r uD€i probl.mcdcspre crre t. clc .itrre din f.crj.. nu ne dm dair iDlormalii$mxe Fie cI vcdcdlo slcJi matdenudierxur.lsasi.licnricudnd ci rcEnll 0. care sc (lcsi1$un dactrlia id laimos'l

" ; ; , . , , , , , . , . , " , , . " , , , , . , " . " ,

/

D M. PIPPIDI

*nu*fiw**m***s+le**+',mt+*

ffi$$tr$ffin*d**l'l{*****t:

MTSTOTEL $1 I-IJCIDJDE

Olorcs nD si rcnnortea precuisori. Propiil€ srre declsalii dcprircipiu, nr 6rsua in src pntem n sjguri dL a le fi inr€lescoHr'r, Dc lndeam, sprc accle4i concluzii. Onul crethvinuia po logogran c, ilbcsc lizzele de efec. hai mulr decaladdrnli orul crrc se dindrd de a ti trsal po$ern{[i trn rri0at< cl€i

'nai.uretr,i dccer h dyrivLfud t< rd napoxpiF

'iKon.u Ind on €vendica pcnh siDc

'nai nult dccer neirul

de a li conse'n5i cu credinlil episordcb sanseode dc unui iiz-hoi fr ncid. Inscriindu-l prinre Sandndni potirici. siagirnd iiaducea nn omagiu revd dupa cun, judccard o asprinc o isrorio8ftfis cre se m'nFm* s{ rabsnirl lnrorinii .,ce I l{cur oipftinnAlcibiadc,nuttucadecelsl-drezc cp€hnealentr0$nsuta dcmi dc ae{ nnne: &eer ce - diDcolo de mutimcacren,ncntclr aspnd sl cxplice rr&sfotuink sctelllii ticrreia. p3!d-n zilclc nodh,cunoashs Ltotolui n-a iDcerd sr iinslne n*tej'lca dc I inrclclc vinonl.

lir,il l

PROBLEMA INSPIRATIEILA ARISTOIEL SI HORATru

IV

PRODLEMA INSIIRATIfi IN ARISTO.IEL(P*iica xvrl _ adPisones3oo)

^ Dhrc du't( rcihlrsL Jc e! \tut(i tu, HoBru Ci@risorl, p!trnr..(J, !c i0\reLtn,.c\. rlc sEiur (rcsetutr De

sqjbenti rc.te tnpn e! et pin jpnn, et td,s.

... ln rcalnaGlucnrjte$ prczinllatrel.si tr.ilonihrcrexDti.r!urpl rpredr mnqbor dr L r" q..,t.

^. ,, or,L., r.."

L{,J, r nri! i:bnx.,.,ls.ixr(ms i !6mpll d! ck mr ntrtre or, ,nv! ddntrnlakJ.p ndddpnnFro R r i lJ iq ina!, |

^ ronln Cu rerJi dbr J,!) rlbtr,r \ o soli ou

!mrc!( otu\ cds depdm { (, d mcnruti0\4, itorq(.de, rurcu L rmm\cb o r inr pome

' suin fflNkmti[ nr..prdrd] opu\urulu hof,ih M;rdtrndhRr5r t r . ishD. J"ot , . - .

" r .a.* ." . -* .ndrrcrh rc , rc$rnnd, ,lup: Jrabr ! iFt! tdminJk u krriD.ilc nn ritu u n(piErrh,nLlo

A.sbJ \p!{.i JsltilJ.m hnul r,p"g"tur._,.awaNo.Jcnr n. mx cl€s J!pr ouncrcd inrujulllbe r,ns$ s rrrcnm,rror ! NFpr .nrd dpr,,n.

;sipit in cadsa a V !fl<pi norr[drdv a epicurcdlui Phllodc'ndin C'dra1, e considerd lndmbsre ca l)uncbl de plccare al

'rltimi imp!4in a opcfti, @s ii, cre Honliu,uNrnd dn tlan !ad'

liml,dWI pmbleelc kalale in simcle dou! nnpi4iri (roiidt<

tiroi4a,Jup[3]iird ro(iv sau m) tu(pc cxpuneEa chctu-nilor Eivnoare la lnsNi orcatosl p€rci, no !r11,i< sxu an,laxi

Venul 295, cu crc sc dcsohidc aces capitol, E int ducs

dc'a diepbr in plinl I)o]cmici. Dc la primul cuvtut ss lunc 'mpo.ranlr pnblcni a ctali€i posricc Ji, nlod cr Hodir sc fereib srpiolue de indaut propiul siu rispuns la er€m idftbfrc dGpE

blul g€triului in snvariisr .,acrultri Muzelor', sinsu.;dicolul cu

cd e complre a eoperi 'xceelc

unor rnuniri DsPtrlli -

irynin nisu, qnta Lnunrtus ubcEdit ct ctcl n sn6 EelitutE 1Nx6Denocdtus, b.na pxB no mguk yn.n crdt,non b{hxn, s€Eh patt L.a, hzkea dbtl '

d n dc atBns penh a te sugcra niruJind sPrc cft sc indrerptiin oe6u ontovc ! Trcbnie spus btuli cl accNtii diludrm se

stildnieic s o indi.. ln chiptrl cel mai liDPede o suti de rrodun

mai jos, in vd{uri cde 1a priba vederc prr. sc nul$ni si rcpctcpe .ele rprodu*. Pr.i pctr!fl r evita oicc et$rI tn|Ip*src !

inhnriilor do carc e insunclt, Horalitr po€dcvf de dara accdtr

D M. IIPPIDIdidacric. fdmutand in pdnul rand poblemr pc crei Fopuncs{ rc?olvc, apo' rrspu nsul po cft | ,ocoare polrivir:

Dtttrn b@t ku&Ulc mh aD de,qtt$ibtn e!: eqo tu dutiuh sjne dntib D.anec tudc quidpnsit uide. iryeniunt.Fonta noncrt,rorurl. dupi cc slr brM ioc dc eorczc.

rantii uej tnvniibri ncure slticuat:ca ote Dlt6ibu; *hr4antc, lrce si cxplice h fctut sen crE iseDaErri izvonlprorbd arbolitiitd pocrie (.{f€l rduc cnalihtrl: ,,lel,rn.,..p.9 tr cc anune. dnpl plruea ld, conribuic la fom,nja sira desrvi$iica poerului dcm dc aos.Nre: qui.1 tat fmctu;ep..'up. in!{ m \s\*pnn6 pRo0f6n pn\nJ iJenr de p.rr&re rormri .d ftbur sinc ! oreen.4i,tnun.qudutru\ qtu tcEr qrul. Jtrt, .m _ naoc poturc n Inu, n i{ , rL le id( t . ulis:d!idilelnr'intr ronut:b.-vcrs,i cd nH cr,,d; trhBdp( ruda aminrc pretdii mcqr FnciDiu, cioid oncvjuFarapidard ii :nbttntzi cancicnr dc lcncnlil.rc:

PROBLEMA TNSPIiATJEI LA ARISTOTEL $I IIORATru

sibddi nde sar[rc dt.t tr;hcipiun et ro:

Cum e ulor de lntelcs. dc lr Frinr lcctut, obscuiraEa vc!sului st!.lnainic do roarc, in mevoinF de r int€legc co.dcuvenlu| srpsD. Bin0i a aceslei ditcultlli nn pm sr I incolriilotusi in niDrcr .onenraldiloi, cfc - lnccpsnd cu oElli !3mrsind cn rmisch, lfti a-l ra pc Ro$agni - au dal aes&1innnitiv inter)rctIri aproapc idcntice. Asdel. ln specjal pcDtuunoistol elleljo. ajuns rn acc$ pnnd al expunerii elc Honliud fi lrmidr si cxprimc necesitaba pentu pmt dc a cunoaste citmi binc ltrdilc de cde.9i propunt,mD pcndent omia... src.cpta inucniendi, cooponendi,€clcra? se intadn el, cu pi vift h vdsul 309. Pennu a

'lspundcdch'lal{: ,,. a sspimdo. Euolrcnda atluc cxplo'dnda c* ro@ uirbuh.na: nam cx hac um inrestigarion Fodi. uditas poetica.

Faccipuc id genere drmalico , rdspecixD privtc 1a inlclcsul @ane0ului s,pft: ,,Ecte cogiiertqm iudicrc dc omibus Fbus: cupncdirus phantasi| cr inuonicndicus{tet Poerr hoc noninc dignuj'i

Cins priveite lucnrild dc aFo.pc nu ponc sl nu obs.we cnlnre dcslutnih lui orclli eodul nr c intu rotol deslvdrit. Idescupnnsi in pnm gbs[ pare a l] ohlisatia pcnh .utml dranalhd€ a posda o vati crpcnen$ a $ilcrnlui omnesc lintelepciunccettigar.f pir dtrdin sau prin conractul cu vi4a). ltr rimp @ lxinclc rindud cnat irdcapr, gandd hd cniand spio nccoeiirrcrpcnttr pocr de r li inzesta. cu apriudinea de a jud{a binc, ahlclsps cu dml imiscur al nnci chibztri€li s$lrode'.

,*"i:"ll:':il, ii;i':Yr 5i::;lri:.i::{i,:,f i."i:i:it ilifi :.iirs L h.

^r^, r.n-!. r s, rd

$i. \ !D!rJ! io ! { . r ,F, , !=; 'd i@;

:tfiif :i[5.i1]l'"1.:T:::Tllf .l j ;fll1::r{ft ;rl1ii;j];:,rdi. ! ! u j . . j ( , iJ i l i i lqL r

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lD M. II?PIDI PROBLEMA NSII&ATIEI LA ARI9IO]EL S] HORATIU

I

odcarc vr ti to$ opinia adevlnri a Invlrarutui rnintn.,it(rmlde oh.en d (i J.c:nr tl!urmdJ n&\omcnBrodimr tu, D,nrrer.e5u3 ca$ iu( i ,c/&.it pc cci mai insemnalt. Kjc$lin8 si Frcjie r aDspie de ccadc r dolr inhr|R'e dung .r,l inrctes pnn 544..Eroschr.v€munfrgl.'. r'r ceu vemc RGLBni. drndnd io alerqipnntrti o &g6ric r lui rcnm. p(ft ri cu horrJsa pc.e, d,ntuIasemcie: e,J i rdr t , i lu iF todcn,tsnrru (re in( idrn ts i*i$pintia direcl{ a vesului 309 sd cuveni ciurarr tn invrtlruniui Neop,olem daprc .htrSaur p.cLutu, de, oi6eda(unon,nceb( i( loperlic. i fi ologl I rrslirn .oNdld f;h ro! rr Dr{@lhoEld m u crctr or a.6bi docrim inrftaga md€plc s atorvccfu dcsprc pere liind domin{rr, credc Rosr4ni, de idecaconrrulutui. jaconrinutu| ftird pdn naruEtui tuatiiaE _nroncii.mdr,rarunli,icvoiadeaapofuidaacessrftaliiaepcrha exr.se drn a naieria peti.ii a puint s! $ imrui, tui Horirina\a cum i sc inp0sese lui Ncdproteht:. ponind Jeci dc 1a b7s cjo srossi pEsfii@ ttiinfifi.u r€buic si-i r ap&ur auiorutui norhca o conditjc indnpensabni tr oric&cr cre.tii p@rie, Rorllsi inceeci a lrnun i.desut vc$'iui ep€Er rcdn umuir ';pdccsor sags@'. laNo D.l enso sencdco dj irvcr senmi qMoro ncl

kns spmiriodi avdc un isflziorcflLosofica (chedpoisempft pcr oftzio ,?orofia pr li! c ,,onle. coNo,4ione e viaticoilelhvira) EDcll mscnsooncll'dlhOnTjoitrlcndcconta{t\ci.eall'opinione ddocr cd plaronica cn . l 'lNaDi! dci pe! Li

Eleganla rcenui ralioomm, a .irui subdlnarc sc sprijinlDo o vigurorsl inlclcscr rroici d problcmci. nu post€ s{ nuinpEsioneze.Cubateme{ca, crircadldorLtrsi.ilorluiOelli.cainsall1lorinc4relltre c (cm M frc dc.At siEsoduciin chipul .cl mi lidel leDle Ini Roshgnii{). $dcm ind-priritis! opunen slosclor.bia anidrit obim, de raptol ci inh vdsul309 ti vesudle umli(r cni, o dct@alle iDdiscutrbill, p. cd axtul o sublinisl5i p€ cae o inrcr

tF@ on$iincioast n-o poao t4e cu vedeE E adevltuli cl,lnafe! dc Kie$line Heinzir),nici m cotunbd nu sasinfit obligar$o respecter ea nu se impunc rotu$i m.i pulin, cu .ondilh de aum.ii o ale4je inlinhiEa idcitoritr paajul ce ,e inmerzi

ln acr*l o'din€ de prcoclprri. an ftai alut prrejll sIrublinicztl ul limpode al secti!'ii cde in cpc cu vdsul 295:

fu.4&'.eM@dosh|4cd' iq!!dqi|n

1

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251

D M.I IPPIDI PROBIEMA INSPIRATIE1 LA ARISTOTEL SI HOR ATIU

lG dovada cJ nn@gl accsta pde a opcrci c consNit[ potivillnci n8uro4o ri'mtriirr. in rl doiler rend, sc cvn[ ulonlui a'tctirri.riNiiuier dc r sc Ii cofiun in mod kmcdrabil,lainEflddo o suli nc dndui..rffiDd solrlii dilenb unci problcmo de nuhrezolv c in disculiilo rcorcticicnilor l eran, si anunc ln sensulrplrar s dc cl spE slAlsnul oprsculului. oricat dc nee or f]Nbnhcr lui rmtuisch,6l e pm ina adcvtu cd singud andogiacu lkrar', dospE subrn,in cuprinsul L{ojl nentiunca dulirili

dJo.< - rixvr ca o.ond,tic indispDnslbili1Dcnh p. acliaoperilibde rcyE in doui liodui, nu e de 4uns pcDtu a nc convineecI Hontru, ftlnand si e1 ii doui locun disculir r$ti Problene,!-a Gctrr dent si 5e con r.rnezc rnci tadilii de $ od!'' Prcsupmind ci o ..Ntange€ atat dc biAri s! pu.ut inPunc ninliisutoruhi no{ru, ccoa ce nu mi se pe cu nlbic dovedir, dmiDcin.i ncliimu rl GliuEapenhcrto,d0plccn' ve$ulr09 dcv c ioscnnlrldrcr utrci .jnvilittr pc c..lmisch e grra s olnlclcui ca ud cchivaicnt p.ntru /.s,

-si xs.$a petd r frce din

ca,jzvo l" oncirciotFrcde sexmi, inepind curesul,r)Bpddsc$o accdsitozitic perh a adopra,rnpliicend'o. teotaladitonrli..,gcrlului rsGirtcn,,nesbsugtrl .sau..aslrolcsesc Dtupriii siii lcmcni. ,,i,., comple[ti prin es.

O inrcrprcrarc podvn clria vennl 309 n-r li dccii r{s'punsul rmi.ipar h nnrcbror ,,im ttsevadueincvil$illaaoninp!s/' Aorcceptr,insemniFiface

dupi ctrela vcnu imsjudivc nnpobvr adcptilor tni Denooir.h.,acndnrre, prcbrcn.lfpt cr. Hlrihu A Dtrjouesr re\s ic4l \ ! r )1 t i13t . rnoi . in.q, in,rc!vcr! ro i . f tatureJq{etudtrIaeshr

rruhkme.jnrft !e e Jouj Durcra,., Dr,mDrc.ibLlGuLb,tr!or\|.trdtud5l rc h uni ; ntu,riuuroe mrernrehK

' esism,t ft.nutrp4( tesl fr.joqndsa6k,

pc,h,qrpnndrsei lutrrrLrvcRdude!ddctrltnm edr allnq !J.unturcn inrebrrlE cdc accia rispude mai Fecis, inrelesul emkdhului nzhpntrft,rn \. r .tulr *rn\j tcgdrufJ .u q EUt 109 al,,r Lrx.i n,Jtcbr.\ublin JE i iid(d'it/iv ispuf, prrrcr timunLd,ndrpr4,r,,,.pe,""pi"r.tr"..nlaec{ . . . }e ! Pv.n, th8\r j t i r nrrh.o, utor m.Lrrrru a!t. ..crc I h.ururcr sund!t! I c.ej 1i.cun'm hdpeicd:pr ' rc; 1R^pu$,,rhAt*L iorrehr i r I

lbr hr; r jtu, p|nrru monerLsufn gnnili.r e l"itrq^c otl,ne: Ltc r,lc jn.re*yrftr,jc dc alnN pcnrn ai'dicp(,ri invinuirc. pe cde oaduccnjneen'orsj rnrclP.eriri a hri Ronasni, .rt xnune de a cDnnde in;.ingud.xplicrrie vc6trt l0q si pc @lc€-i umMzi.;e roi dh.-. J !!tcdoui pi? rrj Pc.Jre p L'j"grdllu \i! Hutur ! s rdLltr.resj re {\jioi F tund poe!Lr

, nrcNo rnputur kl! ! ji,Jenu, il! iivJ_k uruiihl$o privrrc h prccrLjrfl [roz,ucpe@rr eu( m,cJ \.onruem u socutrru ,r.esra ple0tu dmin Dc tteDtjnw sbrc si pcnm in,.,nRbrer p!l!u/., .rh An,r ! tr nn;,r,Ezr\r ! ;e\nre\ j , tnrse.mioc!ruhrsbia,n! .umct i r nLtrmlurc c. unJe \ RB lruNem! pus Jc etusbt,utlurdrldrorneisuc p.erin. 3i:l'.lndu.{ m,rtolceh poui\n. ;enku Jdezvokr \j edinc, !inJ noeur j

ForoAetcN!f ( pRz iJ.$r moJde,.nb cri.lrnrd(Jdcior lu iH ra! jus!nru$r&,nrcreq. jnrrrmu tuo,r . f

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il152

D M IIPPIDI PROBLEN4,{ NSPIRATIEI LA ARISTOIEL SI HORATIU

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lni Horariu o ne&+!arc cn aiir mrj m&c ctr cnt, chiar firt a hnc(rmr Lleoprfl ri enlhnde routnm, |]str repAtule,. 5,pe!c,..&| pd(eie lJ rrJ\,ul sju N.opkredr0. e n.j Drudr.n'cicind pdle.jul dc r prelmra irponxnF pi,rodirr! i; oricccmtic pftricr a insusirik' inn&curcri. Dar. om. nu cra n€sc sife3)Jtsr nu rrcbue ! n { I ] , iJ . ldqrmr dc!rob{rJrrut !ddln ' f t ( r cr i ioeJLnra" a f cr i ,n erurru u0;h r r ;h bunpoer c dc ajDns sl ai o scri@sr pEet:ftc tuozonci. nici trnut n_alrrr cu calc si ftlcv€ DcpobiviFa?

AIdE Nnai dac{ unci asehenea nedhenri sc cadc s!_iabhulh inrrprerma reaRatl rmcndui epe4 dc unii 6mesrardi, dupd carc, ps led8, ,,ilvrrirud" s.u

'pGetriE iltoToici".3as bmcn r i' jndicar si o aprirudine inDtscur! I surlcrtrlujj cevlasc'ran{rorcuceea.! nu6ih jjude..ri..slu,.btrnsinf ..Aen

puncl dc vcdctu a fo$ suslinu. in vrcds din umr. dupt Orclli sirf,rojr. dc Rdragai si Imish. Ntr hi por rotDsi ifrpicdica dcaobseflaci drcl, indiscdbbil. adcdiEclre.timidnl p$ p€ acc ucdcrrbiu contadictie cu una din tezele esenliale {e,nteip.et{iji lor

'piicipdc .lntele pdi6a identirate de lnleles a celor

'iou!

nnde ptentu opcs, qri.l ald IamcLqb pacLm

drcn le acorespund€, in.onrinMn{ crpun*ii, pErinsa iDdi -zibilitrtc a oiireatului ce in€pe cu ve6ul 209 si cm, dupi trniiauion, r $c penr b vcBul2l3, dupl alii. peoi la vcntrl 132.

Drc{&ceprln Dinsdin acc{cpmpozitii.ede lasinoln-t lcs ci.s de-r dou, se impum cr o consecjDtl logic{ Tor aler& clidcnt e iNr ti tuptul c[ Inr itrlerprerr€r vesului ]07 criffemnind ,dondc si sowcd.do i nezl sau ,.ede si edncbl efomi tl pch', ca si vorbin ca Ronagli, at fti cnincnt Epic-

nului s4peE drn rcnul 3@ oie ,1 sens d.cir rcch dc ,,nilitl-tur! sau'prcgrbrcfilomtici.Elnnpede,intadevir.cidacivcnul 309 n-rrc d&!r s$ul do a vsii conriderqiih anpn edncarici liloblioc cxpusc ltr rc(uilc 310 113,decmlnacsrcunici n ar nai putca Ii d6tr4i!, trinosul {,!84. din $4 Honliunu $ovric r lrcc ,,pnncipitrl si .,sudr" di.nrci cxpcricntc poti@,n-sr fi decet ,notivul d€ cre sc leala@ din el m dd ltrnrscut sau o siinpu fi$nsi@ a ninti. inseamn,a npc - din chir clipa ii caE luse idchogat{ - miEte lacricea krurilor 309 313, p3 cffi nufrri o inrcrprtrc coDtc{.bil{ uvoN'tui 307 poxrc sojusblicc si cms.uror in.oqncil ldpc cNm Ib

D M. PTPPIDIa$tct. oncum am inoercn sd ctininin difiouual.r, ea nu

pdo li o6l'u. $i nu md ci s r pu@ gis o sohbc sa$ticfto@..!ri: vEme nn n€ hortrib sr plr|sin rnumirc bze pc care ruronrarcaslstin orilortorle apurur jmcxamen arenr smrscie prin a le dovedj trpsa nc consisEdt. Dinrum;rulrc(dJ :dnEa!dpr i lhueiol i luruDerluTiJ. icmrbhu udLft p,mde'perara!erex{cr tutresul pirrii a dour a ve$!n\i 3Oj: qui.t atat fomtorel'crfl, Din discuda crc p@edc s a l{an d o a*mma mnc;,zcemfspimrron{ardetitrarexrduiicardencyoirdc,shbill!tr iigurcs ptr lclism ltuc vennt 307. de a pdc, sj vqurjtc309-313. de.atalr{. S-a vdzur. dcprivi rnr!4uiEa jdcito.lui Hdariu \j gi:ca cxphcarir ir eftdrrrsdc r coocepe - cu privire ta rerncnut s,per. din vc !t 109 -o a.ceph@ caE !r pemir si se onsid.E pmpozilh undc acesvelb neurcd2i cr indclendenrii dc cele umiloarc.ln realnde.p€Dh clncli d! cirusr de lutjn.sieneila si courc, aces$i rcceD.htrncc\nd $ r l i .h i , rksoed.Ltc.cop.r i r .L lJ.)r ,conrmtr l i ,hotu!! o srt in!n! r-ui0rri!q&.r hrirr tremi,sdru{luz'c Ia ideilc lui Dcnodit c! pnviE tr inspnrlie n-d fi dd DnbiulDnei Deinrelegc botare ln consecintc. N aven dca si ; n;_llm 0niformiraba doarridror oxdrme pini aoi, pcoru a ne&seamrc, cceacea imprctionarr eose6i pe cxcgeri tn {€icancatord rezunar al unei docbDc arat dc conprexe c^ acecr aIilozortrtul din Abdcr! n! i altceva dccat hotiiabfea oDoaricrl€,nD-a6. posllmd dc knnl 295.

,n (f nD. nrmerr nu pr. I se rip(o.upd ltc t?ntul ci&ear, rdzrcnefprrqd gr ro'u{ eeviLlcdcj r&mr tuoourbgat .xch|tit tunE Ediconc po.kr Drno.ros d *; cm i-,prqurluHtrs!nooo rr&impor,vr,,trrEtrtu,, Llmpom:!.3 ri (ompr3!r c! dcd.tj rtrsrilozoli|lui rbnist, trihrt cm si-a dat oncnerra si1 srudjenj.ol0l hctonlui firologtc in nmtia anis.icu. ajuneind lI facn dinaccNtr apab.jul unui rsnpcnnenr romat, dcosebir de Fsionar

PRORI-EMA INSP]RATIEI LA ARIS'TOTEL $I HOI{ATIIJ

sideenoriv,r, oalimrlicr$rdcConcrutrcarcccaditrvcn;t295.pmclam6ndsupeao bbanNntiriroJhnrls0r.nDicxpc

pEvinicititoriiimporivruncido.t ncsu{epribilcsiincu4czctendinlr lor {te r sc lriztri prcr mul. pe Eletrt, Hoiariu n ar li rvurnevoiesisclcledcDcnm Dinte€jco-dinbrdeaui puseHi i,geriur mi prcsur dc 16. n4vea d4i! ere0t rca dcgcni.Pentu un cititor al poelilor. ca el, ai Ii los po{c fti lrrsc siirrocc itu o R*mcEr Jnprejdnie naxida lui Hcnd:

oiro< fty ndv;p,,fq<, a< on,;< ndna rcio€r?s.ve6ul tlpidoi al lui Epihm:

Ou'oLr LX{y,ipLdr;y iorL, 6€Jr(Fy 6i l@yodyayl2t,,sNmaodrclccuvinb arcemnrurui sru Pnrdail

ALd. nri< dpv,ra o(tor,?circrzd!uoctcinrcmc-

ietorului tsriei .tomisrc, do vioi tftbuie si i,e i4tul c, rn cxplima rcnonennlui crcaiici pNrice. iS! c0m tus.sc lornulari dcaccnr.inrnu lrlitudoiatr etementc tbporiva cinm Hordiu

, . , ' iPn!fo:"4iLrnnt(d1!!

Dr, eea. l p ' F.xa \u 'd.n,4e!e,rn," . . . , ,n i { ,,ufd: , tuodd4 td! r . r ! .n,ni .F1r j er4. , q",Jorer. q I

n i tuF, icF.urto, , i .nJr.oe urnimr.A$lum,ltovcdi, uAIrrUd Dc aLetnmmn"nh!rd 'u '0r iL la l tA.o, !epLun\Je/, nt t , t ,u.nc tu jc" Dh o!op,6pdr&d,iruc\ j puninLlu ri in s4d s ru,Llamenrr;sdin.jdtrsd.flho konL iprcz! fk

rute o\ n crph\sRr crcrlcr hrnrccodiou: a ll !ob!idn,bit) Demo.nr ajuose pn.bc e, Dqdu(.iprerr dc aok ruturlr \ etf pc cdc o at.ito e F/1( J normrt,rr oprc, \rqomuni\c.u uma aprralrrari:! ltrJ6tr rcnd, r\ tra I ci e k/"dir {r,os /lt ,r..ie?t'6 Denour,r, df r o!;a@. rTpLuerrtu,n! I L mr]]bredectm(tu/r, fi R:q;Mu!e{sr rmporNr !JniaHd,tr rr-ri, (unontr. fut indoE ! s nunre -r ! m, ipur id i l seno.,re t i .u nr putrr nne.!rare-rrk iu ld jnTomraLurF\rnr- \ ipmLj(JmfLj l jJdara&

.c!tuz'ri sc licusc psrc vhcuri autoflt BarchedTtj:

nec net reba tcgh,Ai sun snotuatus dEkt h.nan bcne tacatis trMjn. pota cntb:):ta dat aot es. deB est jn pacttu nostu,hrc. 11u* wedicn Mn.i,o.quc deaze.

Asdcl inepe sr e limpeT€sci ftica poblcmr a cirei dezosr( n.d joccbr $o f,n&rm Ddcj 3!rumt c,,tu/u, re.u/c.hrDuei. dof lnm lui l renudde l r&.d,o gei ,utrdrb!pnvresid €rrrsn it !nui nutupihopaji,.{li(aur 0u hb! eoGriuras in nh.'rulma!r.Rpun.r !l Je . mf,! v l3 r;otr! I {c, *.,

"1,^.'i,:"p, __,,

"dr,trnrtp(rdlui, inrenra tu, ctu

D. M. PIPPIDi

:,1:r TE"o '* " -r"i"" ̂'"ltl ii!1,; iT' ' '""*

PROBLEMA INSPIRATIEI LA ARISTOIEL $I HORATIU

ftrtil|Fetcr vcndi fundmcntrl difeie? h eea$A lntrcbmnu cred c[ se poarc rrspundc ln doua chipuri. tua sc ti fa.e dealdel ci - pin{ qi eresslii cci nai orcdincioii incPrettun hdt'

liomis nu sovric sl v.dllJn rc$ul 309 primul.lcmonr al d.cti-nci pc carc Honliu inlelesc ao opud lui Derocrit Adr do& .i

- it aci c punctul ! c mi dspad hotlr€t de p€d{esoni nci intinp ce rccsta du sc sficsc sr puna in contdt sli$li de un od'natirdLdiledtcaerodiriasids.clilibnlpsihic,in.cn!privo e.nI socot obligdr a-l lace p. Hosriu s! vorbcescl &eeasi linbi cradvenanl sin. De unde,lD ochiinci. ncvoia deaci(nnrcrierturia sa dcsprc ,,izvon poczici la u c vea 309i de uftlc,iarlsl. iirdcnnnl de a atibui lui sr.r o scmllicqie psiholosici.

cititoli lii mintdc. poab. ci dinft comcntabrii 3le crrorpireri lc-ln invoBr de a lmgul t+inilor precedentc, singunKicsling si Heinzc ps s fi lndiDa. spre 4e$ Dunci dc rcdeE, dcv€nc cc Fopun pcnh rerbul s,pct inld?rorsrcr ,.Einsicht..Vcbunniekcir" Crh sn rcccll &eatrr sttrtic, ccl p$n on riilu

Invizontr. si aducln d omali ui mcira! ascuti mii lor n.obrsnuite.nu mr pot opi dc ! c€do,tn cc mi pavcic, ci se loare 'ne4.

nddcpatrc pe aeadi clIc, precizind in mism inllduitl de textcaccadi k)n. ! ialiunii po.iizmL po csc Hora9n se mulruhcaie$oopunlluiDcmocrir,dlrp€cft srdn*alnai erldii'didseoncne.h $o romulce cu frai nux,

'isoarc' In acest scop. s, I

p!r:5im un rimp pc pricbnd Pisonil.r ti pcnNelgi obscnndn, Sr!i dcschidem Pocdaa 1ui Addotci 1a capitolul IV, acolo undc cexpusi dockino nlo7ohldi cu pnvire la onsinile p6zici De lrpiinelc cNmtc,.(a ccseimpnncarenlei noath cu o roni pccm dprsir g@l Du facc doars o acenruczc, c aldtulil obtu

iici,.narunle r pczlei. i7troriti. ctrm ni sc spu0o iDdrii. 'litrcxrc-

donzarca ! doul inpuhii elonenid rlc natuni undnc, insiinctolnnirdci si rcclal monlei a al nhului: ioiim' 6i v(vvnooLriv 6i\o< riiv roLrtr$lv diriar 6no Iv€< (di aircL

Oro'Lai 9i.cvrmidcpdc: kdri +nrL/ 6i dvr!< rnriv roil

[Lr€iooaL {di ri]< dprovia< &i roi i,uoroi ... 4 ';pril< oi

253

D.M PIPIIDIr.Quol.< rpi,q ddrd sdlbro, kor; F,(pdy npod]ohr<,.1('y@a/ m/ notrd,y k 16y dufodxloLco&ror}

rn eDp[entrnta. r aeeo .a,zc rftln]e !i, inr o ni$tri inc5 si nrai mrc. tn {ininL! on carc rc subliriazli.anc@tu| sdc.r,l oDerdc al llsusnnor E cre cxDcncniapoerioi rc prcsupunc (cr. 14,1{r b s 6r rd k ,,ro !r;€too;,dnrOuro, 1oi< dyor;'o'< i. riiooy iori ) niscparertocu.oanc . ru4. ds pozilic diD pancr loi Annobl fatil dedocdirclc iniemciire pc rndnise diternc sdu conducitnd h.onciur' opusc. Nici nu-i ndoic Je prcr h!x, eiodne Jcdrmjm.ri pentu a nrtct*c cr,l)r eriunetr dc s.bitibi. a rcezicllondannre Jr P iron p!'ru \atr.e Jn Lrn !!a,i4 puun gd\rt r t r i r , .e! rc

'Er, inr t i r rb. jor lonrcd qsfr \ ! t lc : I c isr i ! !

ii ciuLla \erdtrrulur ArrJrm,e w mutr!m!{ me tuE!Du,drigtDalc Jespe risrdl< - o senrdficr[e flo/_ofici a cirej

,cxpr$ic *rdrt| c co'npiraria sohiFr, in cap. tX inko poczie !trbnc; nuc, zlc,nsvoic dc null sititrri l)enrru a inrcterc c, iirco'a c&xtlur poe.jcc fonutari de Dcmocrii rt imDrtutsiilidc Pldor eru n4ticarc d!{utc elenmk inpornu cirenAnsorcr sc shre! oSlisar s!-fi iDd, eprc crihcx E nci.dobs cdadc,unca hi ur pnrcr fi ca*ielrii untri mnacol dc fctul,nbivenrici dirinc po{ut{c in temcni cxpti.ilr de fitozolul dirAbdcn si pe caE tic 6i in renFri mcrforici anlnt t r,,nusovrta,hrendu i, $o invocD, in Irtrnoasclc cuvinlo rbbuitcIuis6raE: raird 6i d 0(;< iidrp0ri[€yo< ro]iroy (s0il. rrijyroLrr6y) r,j, yoiy rorjloLq xpnrar 0ripiraL< rui roi.xpN!o60i< roi roi< (i/r.dr roi< orior<, iva i[.i<, oidroioyr{< €.rrjIo drr oix onroL <LoLy oi ro,:ra riro,r€<onao nori\oi ;au, oi< hi< rit ,dp€orry, dx\. 6 0.;< o,jrd..rrLv

', Xalbr, 6Ld ron'ly 6i toiyl.rdr npd< ia,i<3i

LA ARETOTEL SI FIORAIIJPRODLEMA INSPIRATIEI

E ds asemdea clidcrt ci aurorul Ir .

dor.hililrrul psibic ,l poorulni penru acxplicr oactiviratc llc

c[rei tuadc. ca utrrrs rmoi oasini norbidc. r 1i IstsodLcs{

tu. !n! is.rglonJf l r rp/b ' r t rd ' iudumii- ! re ' lnrrem"

M' butr lrz i rtTea:cr r, \trfldck lJenF r' lmlrre|]d mr c

.Drn*r .br i t rmt l f , t ing;LlrLLi i . r (pre\upu'(d!r ! rss

ob5rsir.lnDdnhunoittle drsdgcrn tiiidtunEAnn E

bntsrl.catrd$lruirrsnprac{a.tc luinonna! Jcrporienlci

;mrne, runnu, t r | rs: Ptudsc "r d&5k' rxu Dr evrdin

i,** "t^*"

fl ^"

L, t ire "r.,

o' b'ur. !r mtr8e p;d i r5'l

it," rir'r"- -.,r

'.,r" -**"rc

dd(Lq r'll 'hdrd Jt

dllDde. nrmnhbi eLuE ptu\$tr ! de plfllrme I pJiF

nib; , indd?ncdi in.eicd dc a minrui tascdjx huliti d' rubdl

sr,i,tridc tuvinuifta d! rrnt.Fr in {fleblc sp{bbnrt.,serci

d.locrimr'$i'romcadostrldin$ pe.,€tnblcprtrlcdalorsirc

lnibutr crmd din. 'n

lnc'r'C. . i i r r \ 'k c. idrnr 'u i tprc/crrrnrBlesd! i mi*nc

din zilcbnorshra eacftTui ltrdftptlltit si iadu.ildi Arktotcl

invinnncr ci d li iDcercd si intmdac .cu ajturul tucullllild

nrion!Lc o lilozotie si o tchDici ih;d . ne tuclcs sc p@b rr@ dor obscrvati' ci, ninsheritorft

matDenrorlrul,acuz{ian!rnNuldesisrdr lsi_ltulburc-p. Sraittt. cio,t t,"i

"."tntl *iti" $codu a puro adlus ,ilr:i

PROBLEM A INSPtsATIEILA ARISTOTEL SI HORATIUiidrialr AjFrorcl n as!ns !i nosrrjnd Llc r0dee.e p j riirngequn.rul i rc:

^\pr igr t rd.p,o, tehJIotratc. t r . . iv ,F,

,6pimln, d fi i.n! r fl'noaircrL rorrj lunodqir nrurarc ' r i , - rurc c vorba ru numx dr oaErLr l r ,d iB de o; t ri rddic l i . . E e(! dc io 'erer. ,nu rdArr jn ce.hro e dI i DUrrpopurc inbmeicrorut L)ceului dobuan ,,rchni;ii., din a;iftiap.rab sc Ia@ o rin!, dac! dc h iDccDur n-r ti crdus dii doneniul inspn4ici, F liingr idcrvcnria djvini p.suhte de hj inrdeccsfi. etcmeDr ut r o.o rotrhruruiirarionalre\poLcde pufl renupurcd qr r; I inhducJinl lL j muondqnk/ors1!. De hm; (rmr,odrbict f 5e!dvnrr!trlii&c!oovinlcntc ivir.in mJe! isrcm!ld ne (arc nrzuD sr- t .rc ps'i!l% Trchu'r inDr.,or jJcar.u rn ni mulr ruduirt, crnu!i odJdch;r'n k vdt pufulr, r\ nnou oonde{e.\l?s:depoeqrriryoJrijr r.rlbrrtr :Dhamidtr_:d!dth 4.' r&i ' , rc 4lc id l id 116 tn! \h,*r .un. !h. nfc l rc 'auy d,-nrrc 0 durdur6nir tu ide!rro!reptren.rb, t l r i . , ,J .wcnccatonciceldsubiecr ilobligrsnaprciczcrrenciercsDcdivcalepoctrlor,.lucizf. si pe atc cetr.,cxlaricr., rilobruinu d: r.

,.*. lf;:lif : n:il.l:t#t rut::l13.;Tllx,il"it:l:tifi'

;:i jili?hiljl ffi,i:iil':#:r::1i:; :r^ili;T r:i, i-ris-' i,6\he"i/-, i ' ,-,,

:l,l'l.,hl'.iiiif *:#ll**lt-,1'1['"i:11i;:""ft [ri;\S 1,::.1, li. ":

i;lT''"'j ri.xt jitr.rl

hdoiali sl-d {ordc prcfctillr celor didai Prriorsa otutune!d{ lN. plsrrati dc nn p6rj al Paeftlt ndlr vtdc l,cunar. p.

@ sinsur{ versiuma dbl ic'a tut purin6 sI l tnh8nn ltr chiPsrtisficnror. E vorba dc ndutilc din c.D X\4I (1455 , l0 .siun) in ce, dupr ce aratt obligal,r pentd autorul drmalo dci s. idenrilica ln cet nd m{rc mrsuri cu peFonajcle $rc.conrinurctr um{ba€le&slu$iri: nLoavdraror y;p

'ird ri(

anri< Ono.o< ol ir roi< rd06iv .torv, Kai xasdiv€L d

xa!a(,j[€,o. Kai xo\<tdiva 6 dpt(o'[€vo< dlls'vdroro&d (,)O!o,rc ii rorniri €on +drrdD i raNo,r' roirov

rdp or r;v €nrraorol oL 6i &orlrLr0i .toLvr!.O Elarac lie ti snmar, r dkculitlor prileiuiE de accsc

.eGva randun inft ediloii Poeret, inepand di n sa al X\4ler,

nu $ e lvea &i rc{ul3e. Mullunindu_n! sI rclcv pcrroctr

concodanF r .dcndrliei Fuov cu londd idv{ftuiii lui

Ari$obl dsspr gcncza p.€zici, ctd a li Ptrs dc ajuls ln lumin! $ilinl ffi{ lcagl de vu$1 309 din E?tsi,Ja.rtPrsor. si rjulorolpc crc nll p@b dr lr interp€ha cosl[ a a€{uia P€nhmi!e, oricum, nu incapc ltrdoirl, ct - roDurrind la alrc dezvolrtui

ti cu otscddta €zrltend dint'omt sI crpnnc Honliu in vcrsul @ nc crinc aronlia nr_i decetpElerinFninilesbt .lrrdaudeshsintpedtupmd,,amoilos

I c lh r idtrrP letn

PROBLEMA INSPIRATIET t"{ AXISTOTEL SI HORATIU

{le ctuor tteiruri dcoscbitoffe inseeri pc ru tua'a ori nMed€ Aisocl. inrr adevir, attt Dctul 'ln7.shf

(aldel spus. distuldban pc mijloacele sal.), cat i pGtul "inspnaf rplievoel' dcHoiadu nr o scricE stedod Epis.dki ctft P;sotj. de asll daanu lcntu r fi opusi 0iul altuis. ci tentu n sc indicr ln ci doualiPld dc dsd dcoporrivl tntahibl

... rcaue enin conctu&te rcaundt"e css. szrs ftqu', siqri r.iibt !, ,osffiari ptLpjua, puLcs hunc cse PNb.1.irycnjun cuj sit, cui nens diuiniat atqre 6 ,tuttu son{wun. d$ Dn;'is huius l1d6en..:2.

Ci, dai drzin. h coDdilile BFcirlc &curgand din hortuiftadc a otsn conparioljlo' sfi Esdils urci dc a scrisului, petol vrn fost adu sI accentETe inpondla facultillilor r4ionale iD

r ujry. r i drlr s'iEhr, P{t. tr, ',

r-i*,*hi,;i**i*r, i, :,,$-*ffiffiffiilitfil*'Tlt*i=ffij*k{#n*$t#il1#.l#,;ffi

ruffi-

l , l tr$*ffiffif;'ii'1ffi

",*"*, N, "-tr,r.

.dir.i., ;. , , . " , " . ' | " "" . | , """" . , . . , " ; ' ; :

, . , . , " . ' ' ' , . " . , - " " ; ; , ] ; : . ; ; : ;

j:::li;;::l',:lll lll::':1.!.j;r;.;;;l :1 i,lT"il",ll'I'* *'f; ::",t"i.Ll:i:l':: l: :.1r-:- t; ;;;;i' :;;i ;liiiil:::i:ii'::iil1.1i:"'"ru'b--' *F;;i,.;;;::i:ri;il#t:1";lf ;-:.i,,,:

attiq4 a skLl\ ol t$ Davetop)c"t.\ li.

RENa BRAY, t,i roDrior dc la doctrc

M,nRD,AZU.oj'lllctiitrtjl,.,'BEuc\d,

j f l ,,djsic,irnofo?d.sdz'|a.5.D,6

BIBLIOGRAFIE

@q''?tql t ' i lb i ig{ l ! (4h'

l;l.tjli;l;;;li:ir*:t';r.r:: l;:l'1fii;ll:li:"-;i';; j,l;:lli. I il,il,iTf rll".':11'::'ff ; il::ii':l#":1;1,:1,1 ;:... ;::l,ti:"1; i J,l:J,,: :l::: t.* :!;:;;::. i;:ti ; t:i,"i'l l,rjrt jt 5;iill:lf j:.l:fl .ti t ".:l ln*";;t.;utiTl: ,ltil:ui I;lfLl";l;;::f il t:'j':''ty.':,;;i;j,;; i.li,'ill:l',*lll,llll.ll ,lll:. ll"lY r-.; r ilr,i;i l^;ll f:i';.1::'lltl;;lllli:["T"',11:t:l"i:l::t;lt; ;- ii]:iil;l fri l,ll i:;;,1 :l;

aristotel poetica 1965

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