Biology 2014

Stratton OpenersBiology Semester 2, 2015-16

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Organic ChemistryBiology

1

Class38

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Opener 2/8-9/16Remember to use complete sentences.What are the four basic elements of life?Name a simple sugar.Write the chemical formula for one of the molecules in Image A.In general terms what are the structures in Image B called?

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Opener 2/8/16Remember to use complete sentences.What are the four basic elements of life?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen are the four basic elements of life. (HONC)2. Name a simple sugar.

Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all simple sugars.

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Opener 2/8-9/16Remember to use complete sentences.Write the chemical formula for one of the molecules in Image A.

The formula is written: C6H12O6.4. In general terms what are the structures in Image B called?

The structures in Image B are called carbon rings.

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Class 1 2/8-9/16OpenerSpectrometersOrganic ChemistryReview basic chemistryOrganic think carbonIsomersFunctional groupsSaccharides (mono-, di-, & poly-)Know how atoms bond, HONC bonding numbers.Know the following organic functional groups. CH3 and CH2, COOH, OH, NH2, SH, PO4Methyl, Hydroxyl, Carboxyl, Amino, Sulfhydryl, PhosphateBe able to compare and contrast mono-, di-, & polysaccharides.Be able to draw the chain structural formulas of monosaccharaides isomers.Understand the following processes: dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis.

AgendaTargets

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Each of two or more compounds Same formula Different arrangement of atoms Different properties Chemical Formula Isomers

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2/10 & 16/16Organic Chemistry Basics

2&3

Class38

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Opener 2/10 & 16/16Remember to use complete sentences.How many bonding sites does Image A have?What is a monosaccharide?What elements atom will typically fill in when only a single bond is available?

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Class 2/3 2/10 &16/16OpenerOrganic ChemistryReview basic chemistryOrganic think carbonIsomersFunctional groupsDehydration Synthesis & HydrolysisSaccharides (mono-, di-, & poly-)Know how atoms bond, HONC bonding numbers.Know the following organic functional groups. CH3 and CH2, COOH, OH, NH2, SH, PO4Methyl, Hydroxyl, Carboxyl, Amino, Sulfhydryl, PhosphateBe able to compare and contrast mono-, di-, & polysaccharides.Be able to draw the chain structural formulas of monosaccharaides isomers.Understand the following processes: dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis.

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Each of two or more compounds Same formula Different arrangement of atoms Different properties Chemical Formula Isomers

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Variety of combinations Create different organic molecules Attach to carbon chains and rings.

Organic functional groups

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Single ring is called a monosaccharide (mono = one / saccharide = sugar). These are simple sugars. Double rings are called a disaccharide. (di = two / saccharide = sugar). These are more complex sugars. Multiple rings are called polysaccharides. (poly = many / saccharide = sugar). These are the most complex sugars.

Saccharides (Sugars, Carbohydrates)

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2/12-13/16Organic Chemistry

2&3Stratt out Sub

Class38

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Opener 2/12-13/16Remember to use complete sentences.What is formed when 2 monosaccharaides combine?What is the process shown in Image A?What is the ratio of oxygen and hydrogen only found in carbohydrates ?Describe the difference and similarities between isomer compounds.

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Opener 2/12-13/16Remember to use complete sentences.What is formed when 2 monosaccharaides combine? Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharaides combine.What is the process shown in Image A? The process shown in Image A is dehydration synthesis.

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Opener 2/12-13/16Remember to use complete sentences.What is the ratio of oxygen and hydrogen only found in carbohydrates ? The ratio of two hydrogen to one oxygen (2:1) is found in carbohydrates. It is the same as water.Describe the difference and similarities between isomer compounds. Isomers have the same molecular formulas, but different structural formulas.

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Class 2/3 2/12-13/16OpenerOrganic ChemistryThe Secret of Life Video Discovering DNAWatch video & take note about discovery of DNA.Know who discovered formation of DNA.Understand the controversy surrounding this discovery.

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2/17-18/16Basic Organic Chemistry

4

Class38

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Opener 2/17-18/16Remember to use complete sentences.What process is shown in Image A?How are disaccharides turned into monosaccharaides?What does the octet rule state?What are the four major organic compounds (polymers)?

Image BImage A

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Opener 2/17-18/16Remember to use complete sentences.What process is shown in Image A? The process is dehydration synthesis, the removal of H20 to make a larger polymer.How are disaccharides turned into monosaccharaides? Through the process of hydrolysis a water is added to a polymer breaking into smaller monomers.What does the octet rule state? Theoctet ruleis a chemical rule of thumb reflecting observations that atoms of main-group elements tend to combine in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in itsvalence shell (outermost shell).What are the four major organic compounds (polymers)? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are the four major organic compounds.Image BImage A

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Class 4 2/17-18/16Finish video The Secret of Life Turn in questionsOpenerOrganic ChemistrySaccharides (mono-, di-, & poly-)Major organic compounds (polymers)Carbohydrates (today)Lipids (today)Proteins (homework, next class)Nucleic Acids (homework, next class)DNA & RNA (homework, next class)Homework: Read packet on proteins, nucleic acid, DNA &RNA (top of page only)Do fill out/answer questions through page 10chart pg. 12 (Carbohydrates & Lipids

Be able to compare and contrast mono-, di-, & polysaccharides.Be able to draw the chain structural formulas of monosaccharaides isomers.Understand the following processes: dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis.Be able to identify whether a polymer is a carbohydrate, lipid, or protein.Know the difference between saturated and unsaturated lipids.Know the basics of DNA & RNA molecules.15 pt. Quiz next class

AgendaTargets

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Carbohydrates

For this class: Polysaccharides3+ monomers(e.g. glycogen, cellulose, starch, chitin, amylose)

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Disaccharides

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Carbohydrates

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Polysaccharides

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Polysaccharides

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Polysaccharides

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2/19-22/16Basic Organic Chemistry

5

Class38

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Opener 2/19-22/16Remember to use complete sentences.Give an example of a lipid.What kind of a carbohydrate is a starch? Which kind of compound has a 2H:1O ratio?Explain how two monomers of sugar join.

Image BImage A

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Class 5 2/19-22/16Turn in questions The Secret of Life OpenerQuiz no notesOrganic Chemistry PacketMajor organic compounds (polymers)Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins (today)Nucleic Acids (today)DNA & RNA (today)Homework: Fill out/answer last of packetDNA Activity Lab next class

Be able to compare and contrast mono-, di-, & polysaccharides.Be able to draw the chain structural formulas of monosaccharaides isomers.Understand the following processes: dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis.Be able to identify whether a polymer is a carbohydrate, lipid, or protein.Know the difference between saturated and unsaturated lipids.Know the basics of DNA & RNA molecules.15 pt. Quiz

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Go to class websiteGo to Quizzes & Tests pageClick on http://socrative.com/Choose studentLast name, firstOrganic Chemistry Quiz 2/19-22/16

http://socrative.com/Room: 296186

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Socrative Student Logon

296186

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2/23-24/16Unit 5DNA

6

Class38

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Opener 2/23-24/16What are the four bases of DNA?What does DNA code for?What is replication?What is the basic unit of DNA called?

Image BImage A

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2/23-24/16What are the four bases of DNA?The four bases of DNA are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.What does DNA code for? DNA codes for amino acids which make up proteins.What is replication? The nearly exact copying of DNA from one of its two strands.What is the basic unit of DNA called? The basic unit of DNA (and RNA) is a nucleotide which is comprised of a pentose sugar, phosphate, and one of four bases (C, G, A, T).

Image BImage A

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Class 6 2/23-24/16OpenerPower outage quiz retake (Day 1 only)Finish Organic Chem. Packet (Day 1 only)

Activity: Have Your DNA and Eat It Too!Reading DNA

Test Retake/Make-upThurs., Feb. 25 After School70% of retake or average of two test (whichever is highest)HomeworkFinish Organic Chem. PacketLearn the basics of DNA.Learn the four DNA bases.Develop a DNA Vocabulary.Know what a nucleotide is.Understand the shape of DNA.Know where DNA is located.Know who discovered DNA.Understand the importance of the double helix.Be able to draw and label a Nucleotide.Be able to label a basic DNA drawing..

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Work in table pairs for Part I, Have Your DNA & Eat It TooWork in group for Part II, Reading DNAYou will need the following:Brown Paper Bag with9 yellow, green & orange marshmallows18 pink marshmallows2 red licorice vines1 black licorice vine5 paper clipsMasking tape6 toothpicks2 of each colored circles; dark yellow, pink, green, purple, dark pink (red), bright yellow, blue

The Marshmallow Lab

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Lab Part IHave Your DNA & Eat It TooDNA ReplicationMaking an nearly exact copy of DNAWork in pairs, each table in a group should choose a different DNA sequence to create.Read & follow all directions.Get instructors signature when finished with section.

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Lab Part IIReading DNAProtein SynthesisIs the transcription, mRNA, translation, tRNA, and joining of amino acids.Read & follow all directions.Work as a group of four for this section (by table color)Get instructors signature when finished with each section.

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2/25 & 29/15Unit 5DNA

7

Class38

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Opener 2/25 & 29/16How do DNA bases pair?How does RNA differ from DNA?What is meant by DNA replication?What does the licorice in the marshmallow lab represent?What is the process in Image B called?

Image BImage A

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Opener 2/25 & 29/161. How do DNA bases pair?Cytosine pairs with guanine and adenosine pairs with thymine.2. How does RNA differ from DNA?They have different sugars, RNA has only one strand vs. two, and in RNA thymine is replaced by uracil.3. What is meant by DNA replication?Replication is the act of copying, nearly exactly, a strand of DNA from the original DNA code.

Image BImage A

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Opener 2/25 & 29/164. What does the licorice in the marshmallow lab represent?The licorice represents the phosphate/sugar backbone of DNA, the uprights of the ladder.5. What is the process in Image B called?The process in Image B is translation because the tRNA is translating or decoding DNA into amino acids.Image BImage A

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Every 4 Years

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Class 6 2/25 & 29/16OpenerTurn in Organic Chem. packetWatch Ameba Sisters video on DNA structure & function (Day 1 only).Finish Activity: Have Your DNA and Eat It Too!Reading DNA (you may not finish this today)

Test Retake/Make-upThurs., Feb. 25 After School70% of retake or average of two test (whichever is highest)Learn the basics of DNA.Learn the four DNA bases.Develop a DNA Vocabulary.Know what a nucleotide is.Understand the shape of DNA.Know where DNA is located.Know who discovered DNA.Understand the importance of the double helix.Be able to draw and label a Nucleotide.Be able to label a basic DNA drawing..

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Work in table pairs for Part I, Have Your DNA & Eat It TooWork in group for Part II, Reading DNAYou will need the following:Brown Paper Bag with9 yellow, green & orange marshmallows18 pink marshmallows2 red licorice vines1 black licorice vine5 paper clipsMasking tape6 toothpicks2 of each colored circles; dark yellow, pink, green, purple, dark pink (red), bright yellow, blue

The Marshmallow Lab

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Lab Part IHave Your DNA & Eat It TooDNA ReplicationMaking an nearly exact copy of DNAWork in pairs, each table in a group should choose a different DNA sequence to create.Read & follow all directions.Get instructors signature when finished with section.

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Lab Part IIReading DNAProtein SynthesisIs the transcription, mRNA, translation, tRNA, and joining of amino acids.Read & follow all directions.Work as a group of four for this section (by table color)Get instructors signature when finished with each section.

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3/1/16DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis

8

Class38

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Opener 3/1-2/16Write in complete sentences.Explain the differences between DNA & RNA? (there are 3 major)__________________________________________________________________How many carbons are in DNA & RNA sugars?How many codon(s) is/are matched with an amino acid?

Image BImage A

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Opener 3/1/16Explain the differences between DNA & RNA? (there are 3 major)2x Stranded vs 1x StrandedDeoxyribose vs Ribose sugarThymine vs UracilHow many carbons are in DNA & RNA sugars?Pentose 5 carbonsHow many codon(s) is/are matched with an amino acid? 1 codon = 1 Amino Acid

Image BImage A

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Nucleotide

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Nucleotide

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mRNA Codon / tRNA Anticodons

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Class 8 3/1/16OpenerActivity: Finish marshmallow lab and turn inVideo: Amoeba Sisters Video Recap DNA vs. RNA & Protein Synthesis.Homework: Protein Synthesis Worksheet Due (next class)HandoutsAmoeba Sisters DNA vs. RNA & Protein SynthesisProtein Synthesis Worksheet.

Review the four DNA bases.Use DNA/RNA Vocabulary.Know what a nucleotide is.Understand the shape of DNA vs. RNA.Know where DNA & RNA are located.Know who discovered DNA.Understand the importance of the double helix.Be able to draw and label a Nucleotide.Be able to label a basic DNA drawing.Understand how DNA & RNA are different.Be able to explain how DNA & RNA work together to create proteins.Know how RNA codes for amino acids.

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3/3-4/16DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis

9State (OAKS) Science Testing

Class38

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State Science TestingIn Rm. 503240 is passing, 252 exceedingNo talking of any kind, no in/out or room during testingNo phones, tables or music players

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3/7-8/16DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis

10

Class38

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Opener 3/7-8/16Write in complete sentences. Remember to use your resources.What are the steps of protein synthesis?What are proteins made out of?How is ribose sugar different from deoxyribose sugar?In which process is there a clover leaf like structure?

Image BImage A

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Class 10 3/7-8/16Opener Turn in finished marshmallow lab.Get out: Protein Synthesis Worksheet (Due)Amoeba Sisters Video Amoeba Sisters Video Recap DNA vs. RNA and Protein Synthesis (door table)An Illustrated DNA Tale (door table)Activity:An Illustrated DNA TaleHandoutsProtein Synthesis Worksheet (old)Amoeba Sisters Video Recap DNA vs. RNA & Protein SynthesisAn Illustrated DNA Tale

UnitUse DNA/RNA Vocabulary.Understand the shape of DNA vs. RNA.Know where DNA & RNA are located.Understand the importance of the double helix.Be able to draw and label a Nucleotide.Be able to label a basic DNA drawing.Understand how DNA & RNA are different.Be able to explain how DNA & RNA work together to create proteins.Know what transcription & translation are; where they take place and which molecules are involved.Know how RNA codes for amino acids.

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DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis QuizFriday, 3/11Monday, 3/14

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Assignment OverviewFinal ProductGetting ThereA comic strip or graphic novelTells the tale of protein synthesis via wordsillustrationsIdentify key science termsReplace termsBrainstorm ideas with table groupCreate story lineSketch out ideasFill out the 8 panels

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An Illustrated DNA Tale

Quietly by yourselfUse your prior assignments to review the process of protein synthesis.Compare it to the 9 steps listed on An Illustrated DNA Tale worksheet noting similarities and differences. Mark science terms occurring in both.

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Scientific TermsAmino AcidsCellCodonDNAMessenger RNAMoleculemRNANucleotidesNucleusPolymeraseProteinRibosome(s)RNATransfer RNAtRNAAmino AcidsCellCodonDNAMessenger RNAMoleculemRNANucleotidesNucleusPolymeraseProteinRibosomeRNATransfer RNAtRNA

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Replacing TermsOriginalBecomesDNA is located in the nucleus of the cell. DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell. BecomesGeorge is located in the center of the city.Malinda Mermaid is located in the under the sea in Alantis.Or

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In assigned table group.Agree on important key terms about DNA, RNA & protein synthesis. Creatively brainstorm non-science storyline paralleling the protein synthesis process. Edit each statement by replacing those key terms & words until the group has a story line (not a full story).

OriginalThe sequence of DNA nucleotides forms the genetic code.EditThe sequence of DNA nucleotides forms the genetic code.RevisedThe sequence of events formed the new alliance between the once bitter enemies.Planning: Writing the Tale

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In assigned table group.Determine the writers & artists within your group.Divide the work of creating a comic strip or graphic novel equally between group.You must use convey the ideas of protein synthesis process without using scientific terms.

OriginalDNA is located in the nucleus of the cellEditDNA is located in the nucleus of the cellRevisedThe navy seals boat is located in the heart of the harbor.

Writing & Drawing the tale

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Drawing Examples

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Drawing Examples

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What to do nowOriginalThe sequence of DNA nucleotides forms the genetic code.EditThe sequence of DNA nucleotides forms the genetic code.RevisedThe sequence of storm events formed the towns new water front.DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell.

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Protein Synthesis

TranscriptionTranslation

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3/9-10/16Unit 5DNA

11

Class38

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Class 11 Opener 3/9-10/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.What happens during transcription?How is transcription different from replication?What is the process shown in Image A ?How do you know what the process in Image B is?

Image BImage A

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Class 11 Opener 3/9-10/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.What happens during transcription? DNA is copied to mRNA How is transcription different from replication?Transcription takes place in a cells nucleus & cytoplasm using DNA & mRNA while replication is the nearly exact coping of DNA. Transcription is part of protein synthesis. Replication is for duplication of cell.Image BImage A

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Class 11 Opener 3/9-10/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.What is the process shown in Image A ?Translation is shown in Image A.How do you know what the process in Image B is?It is known because tRNA anti-codons have amino acids on the end.

Image BImage A

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DNA & RNA Quiz Will CoverDifferences between DNA & RNABase pairingTypes of sugarsReplicationProtein SynthesisTranscriptionTranslation

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Class 11 3/9-10/16OpenerLab: DNA Extraction from Strawberries.PowerPoint on lab.Webpage/Video on lab. LabWork on An Illustrated DNA Tale while waiting for processes in lab to take place.Review the four DNA bases.Use DNA/RNA Vocabulary.Know what a nucleotide is.Understand the shape of DNA vs. RNA.Know where DNA & RNA are located.Know who discovered DNA.Understand the importance of the double helix.Be able to draw and label a Nucleotide.Be able to label a basic DNA drawing.Understand how DNA & RNA are different.Be able to explain how DNA & RNA work together to create proteins.

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3/11& 14/16Unit 5DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis

12

Class38

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Class 12 Opener 3/11-14/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.For the 1962 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine answer these two questions:Who won the prize for their work on DNA? Who did significant work on figuring out DNAs shape and was not given prize?Using Image BFor each of the bases, what is the complementary base?What are each of the lettered boxes pointing to?How many amino acids will this code for?

Image BImage A

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Class 12 Opener 3/11-14/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.For the 1962 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine answer these two questions:Who won the prize for their work on DNA? The prize was awarded jointly to Francis Crick, James Watson and Maurice Wilkins"for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material. Image BImage A

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Class 12 Opener 3/11-14/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.For the 1962 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine answer these two questions:Who won the prize for their work on DNA? Who did significant work on figuring out DNAs shape and was not given prize?British chemist Rosalind Franklin did not receive the prize because she died from ovarian cancer in 1958.Image BImage A

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Class 12 Opener 3/11-14/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.Using Image BFor each of the bases, what is the complementary base?Adenine to ThymineGuanine to CytosineCytosine to GuanineAdenine to ThymineWhat are each of the lettered boxes pointing to?Phosphate groupDeoxyribose SugarA single base, in this case adenineA nitrogenous nucleotide

Image BImage A

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Class 12 Opener 3/11-14/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.Using Image BWhat are each of the lettered boxes pointing to?Phosphate groupDeoxyribose SugarA single base, in this case adenineA nitrogenous nucleotide

How many amino acids will this code for?Only one, it takes three bases to make one codon which codes for a single amino acid.

Image BImage A

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Class 11 3/9-10/16OpenerQuiz 15 pts. Socrative When doneFinish gathering data & recording answers for lab.Work on An Illustrated DNA Tale while waiting for processes in lab to take place.Access knowledge of DNA, RNA & Protein SynthesisKnow the four DNA bases.Use DNA/RNA Vocabulary.Know what a nucleotide is.Understand the shape of DNA vs. RNA.Know where DNA & RNA are located.Know who discovered DNA.Understand the importance of the double helix.Be able to draw and label a Nucleotide.Be able to label a basic DNA drawing.Understand how DNA & RNA are different.Be able to explain how DNA & RNA work together to create proteins.

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Go to class websiteGo to Quizzes & Tests pageClick on http://socrative.com/Choose studentLast name, firstDNA, RNA, PS Quiz 3/11-14/16

http://socrative.com/Room: 296186

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Socrative Student Logon

296186

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3/15-16/16Unit 5DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis

13

Class38

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Class 13 Opener 3/15-16/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.What is Image A a drawing of?What makes up a nucleotide?What is the purpose (end result) of transcription & translation?

Image BImage A

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Class 13 3/15-16/16OpenerGradesFinish gathering data Enter Data into Google SheetsAnswer lab questions.Work on An Illustrated DNA TaleQuiz Retake Tues. 15, Thurs. 17

Access knowledge of DNA, RNA & Protein SynthesisKnow the four DNA bases.Use DNA/RNA Vocabulary.Know what a nucleotide is.Understand the shape of DNA vs. RNA.Know where DNA & RNA are located.Know who discovered DNA.Understand the importance of the double helix.Be able to draw and label a Nucleotide.Be able to label a basic DNA drawing.Understand how DNA & RNA are different.Be able to explain how DNA & RNA work together to create proteins.

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3/17-18/16Unit 5DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis

14

Class38

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Class 14 Opener 3/17-18/16Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.What contains the code for a shamrocks color?How do leprechauns pass on their traits to their children?Give four examples of shamrocks traits?

Image BImage A

Have a safe and fun Spring Break

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Class 14 3/17-18/16OpenerSeating ChartFinish gathering data Enter Data into Google SheetsAnswer lab questions.Finish on An Illustrated DNA TaleTurn in Comp. Books REAL start date: Feb.8/9Quiz Retake After school Thurs. 17

Access knowledge of DNA, RNA & Protein SynthesisKnow the four DNA bases.Use DNA/RNA Vocabulary.Know what a nucleotide is.Understand the shape of DNA vs. RNA.Know where DNA & RNA are located.Know who discovered DNA.Understand the importance of the double helix.Be able to draw and label a Nucleotide.Be able to label a basic DNA drawing.Understand how DNA & RNA are different.Be able to explain how DNA & RNA work together to create proteins.

Have a safe and fun Spring Break

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