What is Biology?

Biology

BiologyFirst Semester Second Semester

First SemesterSix UnitsCalifornia State StandardsRedlands Unified School DistrictScope and Sequence

UnitsOne – Intro/ExperimentationTwo – BiochemistryThree – Cell BiologyFour – Cell Energy

Photosynthesis/Cell RespirationFive – Cellular GeneticsSix – Human Genetics

SyllabusIntroductionMaterialNotebookEvaluations/GradesClass RulesContacts

Class RulesEnter quietlyRaise hands to talkRespect others rights to speakNo putdowns

Read Chapter OneTextbooks @ Media CenterChapter Outlines due with homeworkAs you read the chapter, take notes

Please take out a piece of paper

Cornell NotesName, Date, ClassType of notesTitle NotesDraw lines to separate

Chapter One Section 1

Biology

BiologyThe study of Life

BiologyWhy do we study life? Who cares?

Diversity

Disease

Technology

Technology

Agriculture

Preserve

Why do we study Biology?Diversity of lifeResearch diseasesTechnologyAgriculturePreserve

Life

Life

Organism

OrganismHas Once hadCharacteristics of Life

Characteristics of Life

Characteristics of LifeWhat are organisms

made up of?

Characteristics of LifeOne or more cells

Characteristics of LifeDo they change

over time?

Characteristics of LifeGrows and

develops

Characteristics of LifeWhere does life

start from?

Characteristics of LifeReproduces

Characteristics of Life

Describe what you see…

Characteristics of Life

Describe what you see…

Characteristics of Life

Describe what you see…

Characteristics of LifeDisplays

organization

Characteristics of LifeDisplays

organization

Characteristics of LifeWhat is going to

happen?

Characteristics of LifeStimuli

Characteristics of LifeStimuli

Characteristics of LifeSnack time!

Characteristics of LifeEnergy

Characteristics of Life

Characteristics of LifeHomeostasis

Characteristics of LifeAdapts

Chapter 1Section 2

The Nature of ScienceScienceTheoryExpandsChallengesQuestions

Please read about these in your textbook and take notes as you read, Chapter Outline

ScienceA body of

knowledge based on the study of nature

Body of KnowledgeBiologists use specific methods when

conducting research

Ask a questionObservation vs. Inference

Ask a questionObservation vs. Inference

Observation – direct method of gathering information

Inferences – logical conclusion based on what you know and what you have learned

TestsConclusions are

reached from evidence

Collecting DataExperimentTake readings or measurementsImportant Units

Length – metersWeight – gramsTime – secondsVolume – litersTemperature – degrees Celsius

Collecting DataExperimentControl group

Collecting DataExperimentControl group

Experimental designIndependent variablesDependent variablesConstant

Dependent variable The independent variable is typically the variable representing the

value being manipulated or changed and the dependent variable is the observed result of the independent variable being manipulated. For example concerning nutrition, the independent variable of daily vitamin C intake (how much vitamin C one consumes) can influence the dependent variable of life expectancy (the average age one attains). Over some period of time, scientists will control the vitamin C intake in a substantial group of people. One part of the group will be given a daily high dose of vitamin C, and the remainder will be given a placebo pill (so that they are unaware of not belonging to the first group) without vitamin C. The scientists will investigate if there is any statistically significant difference in the life span of the people who took the high dose and those who took the placebo (no dose). The goal is to see if the independent variable of high vitamin C dosage has a correlation with the dependent variable of people's life span. The designation independent/dependent is clear in this case, because if a correlation is found, it cannot be that life span has influenced vitamin C intake, but an influence in the other direction is possible.

Dependent variable The independent variable is typically the variable representing the value

being manipulated or changed and the dependent variable is the observed result of the independent variable being manipulated. For example concerning nutrition, the independent variable of daily vitamin C intake (how much vitamin C one consumes) can influence the dependent variable of life expectancy (the average age one attains). Over some period of time, scientists will control the vitamin C intake in a substantial group of people. One part of the group will be given a daily high dose of vitamin C, and the remainder will be given a placebo pill (so that they are unaware of not belonging to the first group) without vitamin C. The scientists will investigate if there is any statistically significant difference in the life span of the people who took the high dose and those who took the placebo (no dose). The goal is to see if the independent variable of high vitamin C dosage has a correlation with the dependent variable of people's life span. The designation independent/dependent is clear in this case, because if a correlation is found, it cannot be that life span has influenced vitamin C intake, but an influence in the other direction is possible.

Independent variableX - axis

Scientific methodForm a hypothesisCollect DataAnalyze the dataReport conclusions

TheoryExplanation of a

natural phenomenon based on many observations and investigations over time.

Explanation for a wide range of observations supported by data.

Who’s hungry?What should we

do?Let’s bake a cake…

Lets bake a cake!What’s the first

step?What do we do

next?When are we

finished?

Scientific methodForm a hypothesisA question to be researched.A testable possible explanation.If accepted after testing, then becomes

theory

What happened to Pluto?

Lab Write-upsI Purpose:II Materials:III Procedure:IV Data/Observations:V Results/Calculations:VI Questions:VII Discussion:VIII Conclusion: (Answer the purpose)