the world of charles dickens we’re on the move… we’ve been in the renaissance (1500 – 1650)...
TRANSCRIPT
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The World of Charles Dickens
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We’re on the move…
• We’ve been in the Renaissance (1500 – 1650)• Next is the Neo-Classical Period (1660 – 1798)• Dryden• Defoe• Pope • Johnson• Boswell
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On to
• The Romantic Period (1798 – 1837)
• Burns
• Blake
• Wordsworth
• Coleridge
• Byron
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And then into
• The Victorian Period (1837 – 1901)
• Dickens Housman
• Hardy
• Thackery
• Tennyson
• Browning (both)
• Brontes (both)
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Dickens’ Biography
• Born February 7, 1812
• 1824 -- Dickens worked at Warren’s Blacking Warehouse
• 1824 -- Mr. Dickens (Charles’ father) taken to debtors’ prison; family joins him
• Imprisoned from February - May
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More Bio
• 1827 - Dickens family evicted from home for not paying rent
• Charles is pulled out of private school
• Charles, now 15, becomes law clerk and free-lance writer
• 1834 - Charles takes Boz as pen name
• 1834 - Charles’ Dad re-arrested for debts
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Dickens starts Publishing!
• 1836 -- Sketches by Boz
• 1837 -- The Pickwick Papers
• and on a personal note...
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“Here Comes the Bride…”
• 1836 (Dickens is 24) he and Catherine Hogarth get married
• and..one year later, the first “little Dickens” is born
• and one year after that, baby # 2 is born...
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but, back to business!
• 1837-- Oliver Twist is serially published
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What was happening in 1837?
• King William IV of England dies
• Victoria becomes queen of England
• Benjamin Disraeli delivers his first speech in the House of Commons
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And in the arts?
• Nathaniel Hawthorne publishes Twice Told Tales – it becomes a best seller
• William H. Prescott publishes The History of the Reign of Isabella and Ferdinand
• John Constable died (English landscape painter)
• Berlioz completes “Grande Messe des Morts,” Opus 5
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Two Constables
• “Flatford Lock and Mill” 1812
• “The White Horse” – 1819
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In the sciences
• Industrialist August Borsig opens iron foundry and engine-building factory in Berlin
• Wheatstone and Cooke patent electric telegraph
• Samuel Morse exhibits his electric telegraph• Dutchman Johannes Diderik born (Nobel
Prize in physics in 1910)
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And then
• 1838 -- Nicholas Nickleby
• 1840 -- The Old Curiosity Shop
• 1841 -- Barnaby Rudge
• 1842 -- American Notes
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Back to Dickens“And the beat goes on”
• 1843 -- A Christmas Carol
• 1844 -- Martin Chuzzlewit
• 1844 -- The Chimes
• 1845 -- The Cricket on the Hearth
• 1846 -- The Battle of Life
• 1846 -- Dombey and Son
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And so it goes...
• 1850 -- David Copperfield
• 1853 -- Bleak House
• 1853 -- A Child’s History of England and... a near nervous breakdown
• 1854 -- Hard Times
• 1857 -- Little Dorrit
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Is he done yet?
• 1859 -- A Tale of Two Cities
• 1861 -- Great Expectations
• 1865 -- Our Mutual Friends
• 1869 -- The Mystery of Edwin Drood (unfinished)
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What’s the Point?
• Dickens wrote 15 major novels in a career spanning 33 years.
• His peak of creativity and literary prowess was in mid - late career from 1848 - 1865.
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Dickens’ Best
• Bleak House
• Little Dorrit
• Great Expectations
• Our Mutual Friend
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And in the meantime
• He fathered 10 children.
• His wife left him (in 1856).
• He gave numerous talks across Europe and in America.
• He developed heart trouble.
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He exercised his social conscience
• He crusaded for children’s rights.
• He was an advocate of child labor laws to protect children.
• He opposed cruelty, deprivation, and corporal punishment of children.
• He believed in and lobbied for just treatment of criminals.
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In addition,
• He protested a greedy, uncaring, materialistic society through such works as A Christmas Carol, which Dickens called “a sledgehammer” he used figuratively to wake up the reading public
• He repeatedly used satire to highlight problems in his society
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More good works
• He gave 16 public readings in 1858 to raise money for the Hospital for Sick Children
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And in 1865… a key year
He published a novel (Our Mutual Friends), got frostbite, and survived a
terrible train crash
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A sad ending
• 1870 -- Dickens, who had been in declining health since 1866, died of a cerebral hemorrhage.
• He is buried in the Poets’ Corner in Westminster Abbey in London
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Westminster Abbey
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Poets’ Corner
• Dickens’ epitaph: “He was a sympathizer to the poor, the suffering, and the oppressed; and by his death, one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.”
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What about Oliver Twist?
• Dickens wrote, “I wished to show in little Oliver, the principle of Good surviving through every adverse circumstance and triumphing at last.”
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Themes
• The powerlessness of children
• Good’s ability to triumph over evil
• Man’s humanity to man
• Man’s inhumanity to man
• The outcast’s search for status and identity
• The heinous nature of crime and criminals
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What to watch (out) for...
• Use of irony
• Use of coincidence
• Use of humor
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Definitions, please
• Situational irony = a discrepancy between what the reader expects and what actually happens
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Dickens’ Belief:
“To be thoroughly earnest is everything, and to be anything short of it is nothing.”