The Unification of Italy

Origins of Italian Nationalism• Napoleon’s

conquests again resulted in Italian nationalism

• The Congress of Vienna did not address their desire for a single German state

Reasons for Unification

• Shared geography

• Common language

• Shared Traditions

• Economic (Trade) Reasons

The Three People Most Responsible for

the unification of Italy…

The Soul

Giuseppe Mazzini

The Brain

Count Camillo Cavour– Appointed Prime Minister of

Piedmont-Sardinia by King Victor Emmanuel II

– Attacked Austria to reclaim northern Italian land

Piedmont-Sardinia…seriously???

The Sword

Giuseppe Garibaldi“Hero of Two Worlds”

Leader of the Red Shirts

A Unified Italy

The Italian Government - 1870

King Victor Emmanuel II

Upper House Lower House Appointed by King Elected Representatives

Could veto lower house Only small % of men could vote

New Problems

• North v. South• Church v. State• Socialists• Anarchists

Progress

Economic Success:• Industrialization• Urbanization• Social Reforms• Emigration to U.S.,

Canada, and Latin American countries

Review

• What state led the way towards Italian unification?

• Who was the Prime Minister who led the drive towards unification?

• Who organized the Red Shirts and conquered land in the South of Italy?

• How and why was Italy divided after unification?

What’s the meaning of this cartoon?

Food for thought

"It will be maccheroni, I swear to you, that will unite Italy."- Giuseppe Garibaldi, on liberating Naples in 1860

Germany Italy

When was it finally united?

What state led the way?

Prime Minister?

King/Kaiser

Origins of nationalism

Who opposed unification?

Germany Italy

When was it finally united?

1871 1870

What state led the way?

Prussia Piedmont-Sardinia

Prime Minister? Bismarck Cavour

King/Kaiser William I Victor Emmanuel II

Origins of nationalism

Napoleon Napoleon

Who opposed unification?

Catholics, socialists

Catholics, South socialists, anarchists,