the present tense of stem-changing verbs

8/16/2019 The Present Tense of Stem-changing Verbs

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The Present Tense of Stem-ChangingVerbs: e ie, e i, o ue

(El tiempo presente de los verbos de cambioradical)


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There is a fairly large grop of verbs in Spanish that ndergochanges in their stem !hen con"gated in the present tense#

These changes occr only in the first and second personssinglar and third persons singlar and plral#

$hen a line is dra!n arond the forms that change, the resltingshape vagely resembles a boot or high-top shoe% ths, these verbs

are sometimes informally called &boot' or &shoe' verbs#

There are three types or classes of &boot' verbs#


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entender

entiendoentiendes

entiende

entendemosentendis

entienden

Type : e ieWe’ll use entender , to understand, as an example of this type.

The stem ndergoes the change only !hen stressed#


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*ere are some other common e ie verbs:

empe+ar, comen+ar to begin

pensar ( infinitive) to think; to plan (to

do something) perder to lose

erer to want, to love

preferir to prefer


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tengotienes

tiene

tenemostenis

tienen

tener, venir The verbs tener and venir are what might be alled partial

stem!hanging verbs; the yo forms do not have the stemhange, but they do have an irregularity.

vengo

vienesviene

venimos

ven.svienen

Tengo ex"menes ma#ana. / have e0ams tomorro!#

Vengo de la bibliotea. /1m coming from the library#


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servir

sirvosirves

sirve

servimosserv.s

sirven

Type 2: e iWe’ll use servir , to serve, as an example of this type.

3ote: 4ll e i verbs are -ir verbs#


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*ere are some other common e i verbs:

repetir to repeat, to have aseond helping

pedir to ask for, to re$uest

medir to measure, to bea ertain height

te5ir to dye, to olor


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almor+ar

almer+oalmer+as

almer+a

almor+amosalmor+6is

almer+an

Type 7: o eWe’ll use almor%ar , to have lunh, as an example of this type.


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"gar

"ego "egas

"ega

"gamos "g6is

"egan

The verb &ugar , to play (games or sports), follows thesame pattern as o ue verbs, but the hange is u ue.


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*ere are some other common o ue verbs:

volver to return, toome bak

costar8 to ostdormir to sleep

encontrar to find

poder to be able; anrecordar to remember

so5ar (con) to dream (about)

8Costar is normally sed only in the third persons#


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The verbs querer and preferir

E0pressing desires and

preferences

Querer and preferir are important stem-

changing verbs that have mltiple ses#


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iero

ieresiere

eremos

erisieren

erer

$hen sed !ith a thing as the direct ob"ect,querer means to !ant#


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'uiere uns"ndwihde pollo

*+, y $uiero

papas fritastambin, por

favor.


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erer

$hen sed !ith a person as the direct ob"ect,querer means to love#

iero

ieresiere

eremos

erisieren


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uiero muhoa su hi&a, se#or

-ega.


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pref iero

pref ieres pref iere

preferimos

prefer.s pref ieren

preferir

Preferir , of corse, means to prefer#


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'uiere uns"ndwihde pollo o se#or,prefiero una

hamburguesa.


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9oth querer and preferir can be sed!ith an infinitive directly after them

/afael quiere es$uiar, pero su noviaprefiere patinar.

afael !ants to s;i, bt his girlfriend prefersto s;ate#

iero

ieresiere

eremos

erisieren

$e start !ith an appropriate person andnmber of querer or preferir . . . and then add any infinitive#

estdiar escribir via"ar

bailar

leer comer aprender dormir

estdiar


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pienso piensas

piensa

pensamos pens6is

piensan

Thin;ing and planning

The verb pensar is another very useful stem!hanging verb.


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Thin;ing and planning Pensar basically means &to thin;#'

0e gusta ir al par$ue parapensar y desansar.

/ li;e to go to the par; tothin; and rest#


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'1n $u piensas

Pensar en means &to thin; abot#'

2abriela siempre piensa en sus estudios.

3ensamos en el bienestar de la familia.


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Thin;ing and planning Pensar de means &to thin; of' (to

have an opinion abot#)

'u piensas de las novelas de 0"r$ue%$hat do yo thin; of >6re+1s novels=

Pensar que means &to thin; that' (in ans!er tothe above estion, for e0ample#)

4o pienso $ue sus novelas son maravillosas./ thin; that his novels are !onderfl#


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pensar + infinitive =to plan to do something

Thin;ing and planning Pensar also has a special se # # #

3ensamos esuharm5sia en el par$ue estatarde.

$e1re planning to listento msic in the par; thisafternoon#


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'u piensas haer despus de lase?esps de clase, yo pienso # # #

'u piensas haer este fin de semanaEste fin de semana, pienso # # #

'u piensan haer 6ds. (t5 y tu familia)

en las vaaiones de veranoEn las vacaciones de verano, pensamos # # #


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the present tense of stem-changing verbs

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