the official k53 learner's and driver's made easy (extract)

7/23/2019 The Official K53 Learner's and Driver's Made Easy (Extract)

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The yard test 119

The motorcycle test 126

The road test 133

Practical driving test 141

Guidance and information signs 72

Road markings 83

Traffic signals 88

Additional signs 92

Learners practice test 99

Answers 106

Contents

The learners licence test 4

Defensive driving (K53) 5 Controls of the vehicle 7

Rules of the road 9

Road signs 44

Regulatory signs 46

Warning signs 60

The driving licence test 107

The K53 defensive driving system 109

The pre-trip inspection 111

Using the vehicle controls 117

Learners LiCenCe

1 7

8

9

10

11

2

3

4

5

6 12

13 17

18

19

20

14

15

16

DrivinG LiCenCe


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4

WHAT THE TEST COVERS

1THE LEARNERS

LICENCE TEST

To pass your learners licence test, you must know:

the rules of the road;

road traffic signs, signals and surface markings;

the controls of the vehicle.

PRE-TEST REquiREmEnTS

To do the learners licence test, you must:

be of the minimum age required (see details below);

pass the health and eyesight requirements;

not be addicted to narcotic drugs or the excessive use

of intoxicating liquor;

comply with all instructions given by the testing officer;

have acceptable identification, or a Traffic Register Certificate

issued by the licencing authority;

have two recent black-and-white or colour identity photograph

of passport size.

DiSquAlifiCATiOn

You will not be able to obtain a learners licence if:

you have been previously disqualified by a court of law and this

disqualification is still in force; or

you already have a licence for the same class of vehicle; or

your licence has been suspended temporarily and the

suspension has not yet expired.

minimum AgE REquiREmEnTS

The minimum age for obtaining a learners licence is:

16 years: for a motorcycle without a side-car, and with an engine cylinder capacity not exceeding 125 cc;

17 years: for light motor vehicles with a mass not exceeding 3 500 kg;

18 years: for all other vehicles, including motorcycles with an engine cylinder capacity exceeding 125 cc.

WHAT THE liCEnCE AuTHORizES

When you have a learners licence:

you may drive on public roads, including freeways, only under the supervision of a person in possession of a valid driving licence for

the same category of vehicle which you intend to drive this person should be seated right next to you, or directly behind you if the

are not able to sit next to you; passengers are allowed in the vehicle provided they do not pay a fare;

in the case of a motorcycle without a side-car, you may not carry a passenger and therefore your instructor may not sit on the same

motorcycle as you.

The licencing authority will give you all the details you need in this regard, and will tell you about the different codes of licences for the

different classes of vehicles, as well as the fees you must pay. Be sure to contact them before booking your test.

DuRATiOn Of liCEnCE VAliDiTy

Your learners licence will be valid for 18 months from the date of issue. Once you have obtained it, turn to the drivers section (page 107

of this book so that you can start preparing yourself to take driving lessons with a qualified driving instructor.


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9

T ake drivig pblic rad a afe a pible, there are rle that t be adhered t by all rad er.

Ccetrate dertadig the eaig f every rle i thi chapter. Y will the be able t awer qeti atter hw they

are phraed i the tet.

The illtrati abve each rle will help y t dertad ad reeber the tateet give belw the. The thig y musT

do fte have a gree tick; the y musT noT Do have a red cr.

3Rules of

the Road

1

sigal yr iteti early egh t

war ther by ig, fr exaple,

idicatr, tp light r had igal.

2

make re yr igal ca be

clearly ee fr the frt, fr

behid ad fr the ide.

3

ue the brake light t idicate

that y are lwig dw r

ited t tp.

dRiving signals

1

Alway bey the directi f a

traffic r plice fficer. They verrle

ay rad ig r rle f the rad.

2

obey all the rle f the rad. If y

dt, y are cittig a ffece

ad ay be prected.

3

The rle f the rad i t drive

the left half f the rad.

The following abbreviations are used in this book:

HMV = Heavy Motor Vehicles

LMV = Light Motor Vehicles

Note: Drivers of medical and fire-fighting response

vehicles, and persons specifically authorised to do

so, are permitted to exceed the speed limit and to

disregard road signs, but only if this is necessary

during the course of their duties.


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11

TEST YOURSELF

QUESTION 3

Defensive driving means

A.Defedig yrelf the rad.

B.maitaiig a clear pace ard

yr vehicle at all tie.

C.makig re that the idicatr

ha cacelled after cpletig

a aevre.

4

If there i a vacat eat that ha a

eat belt fitted, e ay ccpy

a eat that it fitted with a eat belt.

5

Y ay fate yr eat belt

while parkig r reverig ad drig

the yard tet part f the drivig tet.a B C

1

The driver i repible fr erig

that eat belt are wr by all

paeger, frt ad rear.

2

Where eat belt i fitted the

frt paeger eat, childre p

t the age f 14 t it the

back eat.

3

If eat belt have bee reved,

te vehicle ay t be ed

a pblic rad.

seat Belts

1

Drive ff fr a tatiary piti

ly if it i af t d , ad witht

caig ay dager t ther traffic.

2

It i a criial ffece t diregard

the afety f peple r prperty

whe drivig, r t drive recklely,

egligetly r witht reaable

ciderati fr ther rad er.

dRiving off/ReCkless, negligent and inConsideRate dRiving

TEST YOURSELF

QUESTION 4

Signal whenever you intendto...

A.mve t ather lae.

B.Accelerate.

C.neither f thee.

a B C

Reckless or negligent driving is a criminal offence that will result in a criminal record. If you collide with the

back of another vehicle, or with a State vehicle, you will be prosecuted for reckless or negligent driving.


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12

1

Alway witch yr vehicleheadlight whe drivig betwee

et ad rie.

The bea t light p bject at

leat 100 ahead.

150m

2

switch yr vehicle headlightwheever viibility i t clear fr

at leat 150 . (Havig headlight

dipped bea drig the day ake

y re viible ad i afer.)

The headlight f a trcycle tbe all the tie while ridig a

pblic rad (eve drig the day).

3

lights

4

Dt e the drivig r ai (bright)

bea whe the brighte will cae

a glare t apprachig traffic.

It hld trike the rad rface t

re tha 45 ahead f the vehicle.

n re tha tw after-arket pt

lap ay be fitted.

12 m

5

ue the parkig light at ight ly

whe the vehicle i parked tide

a dearcated parkig area r if it i

12 r re fr a lit treet lap.

6

ue yr vehicle eergecy

warig light ly i a eergecy

r whe yr vehicle i tadig i a

hazard piti.

1

At leat e dble-ided reflective

triagle, eetig sABs pecificati,

t be carried i all tr vehicle.

(mtr car firt regitered befre

1 Jly 2006 are exepted.)

45 m

2

I a eergecy, the triagle t

be diplayed the rad at leat

45 behid the vehicle, facig

apprachig traffic.

TEST YOURSELF

QUESTION 5

To slow down or stop, youuse

A.The brake ly.B.The brake ad gear.

C.ne f thee.

emeRgenCy Red tRiangles

a B C


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44

PurPose

4road signs

SignS

(usually mounted on polesor overhead structures)

MarkingS

(painted on theroad surface)

SignalS

(traffic lights, warning flashinglights, hand and flag signals)

Categories of signs

1 regulatory:

to tell you what youmustdo or

may notdo (i.e. to regulate traffic).

Obey all regulatory signs,

signals and markings.

2 Warning:

to warn you of potentially

dangerous conditions on the

road ahead.

3 guidance:

toguide you in respect of

destination, routes, distances,

places of interest, etc.

4 inforMation:

to give motorists useful informatio

about the road situation ahead,

which is not of a warning or

regulatory nature.

A system of road traffic signs, signals and surface markings guides and directs the traffic flow, or warns motorists of traffic conditions ahead

understand the system

If you understand thesystem, you will find it much easier to remember the meaning of each of the many road signs that form part of it.

forms of road signs

Road signs take three basic forms:

To make it easier for the motorist to see, interpret and quickly respond to a road sign while driving, they havebeen grouped into four broad categories:


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46

Rgutry sigs tr th tis mtrists by giig istrutis.

Yu MUST by rgutry r sigs. I yu t, yu r mmittig b i r prsut.

5RegulatoRysigns

.Hxg Trig Ru is Rtg Squr pit

Ctrl sis t yu:

hr yu must stp;

hr yu must yi (gi y);

i ht irti yu must tr;

ht spi rus ppy.

Cmm sis gi mms. Thy t yu:

ht tis yu must tk;

ht r r yu must us.

Prhibiti sis t yu ht is t :

ht MUST noT b ;

hih claSS of Road USeR is noT allowed tht

ry r .

Limit sis t yu ht imits r :

th mximum sp, hi mss, hight, gth, t.

th r;

hr ss is imit t uthriz his y.

Rsrvti sis t yu but rsr rs:

tht th ry r (R), r th prkig r (P) is ReSeRved

foR ceRTaIn claSSeS hi onlY;

thr sss must t us tht , ry r prti th

ry, r th prkig r.

gRoupings

Rgutry sigs r grup rig t th typ mssg y. eh grup hs its shp ur mbiti t

hp yu t quiky r itrprt th sig hi riig.

lr th mig h grupig shps symbs i th tbs b.

Th r up th right-h um tst yurs t mk sur yu urst th typ mssg y by h grup.

shape and colouR gRoup Meaning

Prmt Tmprry

Prmt Tmprry

Prmt Tmprry

Prmt Tmprry


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47

Ths sis ctrl rivi ctis tll : hr yu must stp;

hr yu must gi y;

i ht irti yu must tr; ht spi rus ppy.

Clr cs: R hit, xpt th (tmprry) Stp/G sig.

.

.

.

how to Read these signs

n try o-yry

Stp Pstripririty

Stp/YiStp/G(usuy h-h

t rrks)

Yi tpstris

3-y stp Riyrssig stp

.. .

BaCkgRoundR ith hit

brr iits tr sig.

IConwhit isrt spiis

hih tr ppis, ithis s th mpusry

irti tr.

MeanIngo-y ry.Yu must ri yi th irti

th rr.

+ = eg:

shape and colouR gRoup Meaning

Cmprhsiv sis t yu tht thr is mprhsi st

SeveRal ReGUlaTIonS and ReSTRIcTIonS tht must b hr

t h, r xmp, h:

th ry h is ry;

th r is sigt s rsiti r.

d-rstricti sis t yu:

tht th mprhsi sig rgutis gr ppy.

exclsiv scr sis my ppr b rgutry sig t

iit tht th sig ppis:

y urig rti tims th y r ight r k;

y t his mig i rti irti;

y t rti sss hi;

y ur rti itis.

Prmt Tmprry

Prmt Tmprry

contRol signs

Prmt Tmprry


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REMEMBER

Study all the road signs

illustrated in the pictures

and make sure that you

understand them.

Next, revise each rowof signs as already

explained on page 45.

Additional road signs

that must be studied are

provided on pages 9298.

contRol signs (c.)

SToP

Stop completely nd wit, with the

front of the vehicle in line with the

sign, or before the pinted stop line.

Proceed only when it is sfe to do so.

If the sign is controlled by person,

proceed only when instructed to do so.

1

4

2

3

3-Way oR 4-Way SToP

Stp s r ry SToP sig.

Pr y tr th his

tht stpp br yu y

th rs t th itrsti h

r th itrsti, y

h it is s t s.

no enTRy

dt ri by this sig.

yIeLd

S , r stp br th

brk i t gi y t: rss tri ( tris) s

ugh t ps gr;

pstris rssig r but t

rss th ry.

yIeLd aT MInI-CIRCLe

S gi y t y

hi tht i tr th mii-irbr yu rss yur pth.

Pr i kis irti

h it is s t s.

dt ri r th mii-ir.

SToP/yIeLd

I yu t t tur t, s

gi y t tri rm th right. Pr y i it is s t s.

I yu t t rss r r tur

right, rgr th sig s SToP sig

rsp rigy.

yIeLd To onCoMIng TRaffIC

Yi t y mig tri t th

rr sti th ry.

Pr y h th r is r

mig tri.

PedeSTRIan PRIoRITy

at n re set side for pedestrins.

Service nd emergency vehicles

my enter only if they give wy to

pedestrins, do not go fster thn

15 km/h, nd deliver/lod only in

mrked loding z.

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8


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60

Adac ari sis wrn of zrs

som istnc ahead.

hzrs migt inclu, for xmpl, cngs

in t ro lyout or trffic flow, nimls or

pstrins , rgultory signs .

6warning signs

Waig sigs iicat tat t a azaous coitios aa, wic qui xta cautio.

T iicat tat it ma cssa to slow ow o mak som ot maou to maitai sat wil iig.

A waig sig ma us wit ot oa sigs, suac makigs o aiso lats suc as comm s.

I ou isga a waig sig, tis coul sult i a cag o gligt o cklss iig.

W ou s a waig sig ou soul look out o ot oa sigs as wll, suc as gulato sigs o ot waig

signs, n rspon ccoringly.

Aoac wit cautio a tak ot o a ot oa sigs.

Aticiat a ossil aza accoig to t atu o t waig, o xaml cil o aimals uig ito t oa,

agous oa suac coitios, momts o ot taic o wat-lat azas.

Slow ow i cssa, a a to tak asi actio.

Cag ow to a low ga i cssa.

O a gulato sigs i t iciit.

Prmnnt Tmoa

Haard marr sis r plcAT Or

neAr t zr itslf.

T iicat t ositio o, o xaml,

a sa cu o a T-juctio, o a

ostuctio o t si o t oa.

Prmnnt Tmoa

/

general response to all warning signs

shape and colour group

La t maig o ac sa a smol gouig i t tals low.

T co u t igt-a colum a tst ousl to mak su ou usta t t o mssag co ac gou.

groupings

Meaning


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62

road layout signs

Ts sigs ict t laout o ot oas aa, i latio to t

oa o wic ou a tallig.

eac oa is ict a soli lack li.

Coor cods: black smol o a wit ackgou, wit a o.

Tmoa sios a a llow ackgou.

Prmnnt

Prmnnt Prmnnt

Tmoa

* A astisk at a sig ammns tt t ro my ngl

to t lft or t rigt.

how to read these signs

BACkgROunDWit tiagl wit a o mas aac

wrning of potntilzr .

ICOnblack ico sciis ttyp of zr .

MeAnIngT is a cossoa

. approc witcautio a a

to stop or yil.

+ = eg:

1

CROSSROAD AHeAD

anotr ro crosss t ro on

wic ou a tallig.

Aoac wit cautio a look out

o a Sto o yil sigs.

2

SeCOnDARy CROSSROAD

AHeAD

a sconry ro crosss

t oa o wic ou a tallig.

you oa as ioit.

T ma also a rigt-o-wa

informtion sign to confirm

tat ou a igt o wa.

3

PRIORIty CROSSROAD AHeAD

a priority ro crosss t

oa o wic ou a tallig.

vicls o tat oa a ioit.

you will a to il to coss-taic

Look out o a Sto o yil sig

.

*


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68

(B) Moving hazards ahead (c.)

wIlD AnIMAlS AHeAD

T ma wil aimals o o

aout to jum oto t oa aa.

Slow ow a i wit cautio.

horss n rirs

elpnts Watogs aa hippos

gRAvel ROAD BegInS AHeAD

T oa suac is aout to

cag to a gal suac.

Cck i t mios a slow

ow to aoi towig u stos

wic cn mg winscrns.

Aoi su akig, a k a

sf following istnc.

SPeeD HuMPS AHeAD T a s

umps on t ro to controlicl s.

O a slimit sign.

gRAvel ROAD enDSAHeAD T oa suac is

aout to cag to r surfc, forxmpl trr.

Aoac witcution.

lOOSe StOneSAHeAD T ma loos

stos o gal ot rowy .

Aoi sakig, amintin sffollowing istnc.

MOtOR gAte AHeAD* There is a motor gate

(cattle grid) ahead,and the thoroughfaremay be narrow.

pass o t si towic t rrow ispointing.

gAte AHeAD T is a gat,

ailwa oom oai aa.

Aoac witcution in cs t

gat o oom isclos.

RAIlwAy CROSSIngAHeAD T is a ailwa

crossing . Aoac wit

cution.

O a gulatosign.

tunnel AHeAD T is a tul

. O a gulato

sign. Switc o t

ligts. dot otak.

SteeP DeSCentAHeAD* T is a st

ownill . ha icls ma

a to cag to a

lowr gr.

fam aimals

fam aimals

fam aimals

(c) road or weather condition hazards ahead

Sigs tat wa o azas associat wit oa o wat coitios aa. Aoac wit cautio, aso as iicat low.

MOvIng HAzARDS AHeAD wARnIng SIgnS

ROAD OR weAtHeR COnDItIOn HAzARDS AHeAD SIgnS

2

1


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76

Proceed straight ahead to travel

towards Cape Town on National

Route 7.

At the junction ahead, turning right

will take you along Regional Route 45

towards Hopefield and Vredenburg.

Turning left will take you along

Regional Route 45 towards

Malmesbury.

The crossroad at the T-junction is

Regional Route 34.

Turning right will take you towards

Richards Bay along Route 34.

Turning left will take you towards

Empangeni along Route 34.

You are travelling along Regional

Route 568 which, at this point, is

also Route 26.

The town of Vanderbijlpark is 8 km

further on along Route 568.

The town of Heilbron is 66 km furthe

on along Route 26.

At the junction ahead turn right into

Victoria Street to take the Regional

Route 33 to Vryheid or Route 68

towards Melmoth.

Turning left into Victoria Street will

take you along Route 68 towardsNewcastle.

Continue straight on if you wish

to travel on Regional Route 103

towards Estcourt.

Turning left at the junction ahead will

take you to National Route 3, which

is a freeway (blue sign and freewaysymbol) and a toll road.

This is Freeway On-ramp number 146.

Turning right will take you into

Queens Terrace into the town

called Riverside.

Turning left will take you into

Robinson Road, which will become

Regional Route 58 leading into thetown of Burgersdorp.

You are travelling along Regional

Route 50.

The distance to the town of

Bapsfontein is 25 km.

The distance to Pretoria is 63 km.

Prince Edward High School is to

the left.

Lanseria Airport is 6 km along the

road to the right.

The harbour is 3.5 km along the road

to the right.

You have reached the town of

Virginia.

Venter Avenue is 0.8 km ahead.

Sand River Road to the city centre

is 1.7 km ahead.

Harmony Drive is 2.5 km ahead.

examples of direction siGns


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83

4

No overtakiNg

Overtaking is prohibited.

Dont cross onto the right-hand side

of the solid line, except to get to or

from a property on the other side of

the roadway, or to pass a stationary

obstruction in the roadway, and then

only if it is safe to do so.

5

No crossiNg

Crossing the solid lines is prohibited.

Dont allow any part of your vehicle

to cross onto the right-hand side of

the marking for any reason at all.

6

chaNNeliziNg liNe

Crossing the line is prohibited.

Dont allow any part of your vehicle

to cross the marking for any reason

at all.

1

stop liNe

Indicates the position for stopping.

Stop your vehicle immediately

behind the line.

2

Yield liNe

Indicates the point at which motorists

must give way.

If required, give way to other vehicles,

pedestrians or traffic by stopping your

vehicle behind the broken yield line.

3

block pedestriaN

crossiNg

Indicates the place where pedestrian

cross the road.

Yield to pedestrians on or about to

enter the crossing on your half of th

road from either side.

Road markings serve the same purpose as road signs. They are painted on the surface of the road instead of being on a sign-post.

Regulatory markings must be obeyed in the same way as regulatory road signs.

8Road maRkings


16/30

TEST YOURSELF

QUESTION 90

When approachingthis roadmarking avehicle muststop...

A.After it has crossed the line.

B.Behind the line.

C.As it approaches the line.

A B C

88

9TrAffiC

signAls

Traffic signals serve the same purpose as road signs. They vary according to traffic flow, road conditions or time of day.

Note that traffic light signals at intersections and pedestrian crossings are often also referred to as traffic lights or robots.

1

red cross

This lane is not open for your use

because it is open to oncoming traffic.

Dont drive in this lane. Choose

another lane.

2

green arrow

This lane is open for your use, as it

carries traffic in the same direction

as you are travelling.

You may drive in any lane over whichthis sign is displayed.

TrAffiC lighT signAls

OverheAd lAne direCTiOn COnTrOl signAls

These regulate which lanes may be used and which may not be used. (ru s)

These signals apply to motor vehicles and motorcycles, and in some cases to pedestrians as well.

1

steady red light

Stop your vehicle immediately behind

the stop line.

Wait for a green light before

proceeding.

2

Flashing red light

Stop before the white line.

Proceed as for a 4-way stop, but yield

to any pedestrians crossing your path.

This signal is also used when a traffic

light is out of order.

3

steady yellow light

Stop before the white line.

If you are too close to stop safely,

you may proceed with caution if it is

safe to do so.

Wait for a green light to proceed.


17/30

1. Which sign means

delivery vehicles must

use this portion of the

roadway only?

A. B.

C. Both of these.

2. To slow down or stop,

you use...

A. The brakes only.

B. The brakes and gears.

C. Neither of these.

3. The directions of

a traffic officer take

precedence...

A. Only at robots that are out

of order.

B. Where there has been

an accident.

C. Always.

4. How should the

driver react to this

sign?

A. No reaction.

B. Keep to the left of the sign.

C. Turn left.

A B C A B C A B CA B C

99

Do-It-Yourself test

How to mArk Your test

Once you have finished studying the information on pages 498, complete the following test within a time limit of one hour. Try to get al

the answers correct. The test is designed to help you prepare for the various ways in which the questions may be asked in the official

test. Sometimes the question itself is not straightforward, and sometimes when you read the three options given you might become a

little confused, so it is useful to have a strategy for approaching each question.

tIps for AnswerIng tHe questIons

There is enough time to answer all the questions, so there's no need to rush the test.

It is important that you first read the question very carefully and make sure you clearly understand what is being asked. If necessary

read the question again and again.

Where possible, try to answer the question in your mind without looking at the three options below the question. (Sometimes this isn't

possible because the question does not indicate the topic and you need to read the three options for the question to make sense.)

When you feel you have a clear idea in your mind of what the correct answer should be, read the first option carefully and make sure

you understand it before reading the next one, and so on.

Don't mark the correct answer until you have read all three options carefully.

There is always only one correct answer for each question. So if two answers appear to be correct, read the question and the

options again and only then decide which answer is the most correct one for that question.

Place your mark in the space provided beneath A, B or C, as applicable (see the example on page 5).

Once you have completed the test, check your answers by referring to the list on page 106. Score one mark for each correct answer. You

should aim to score 100% by getting every answer correct. If you chose a wrong answer, go back to that question and read it again. Study

the related information and picture again to make sure you understand why you were wrong. Mark that page and study it again.

11leArners

prACtICe

test


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107

13The DRIVING

lIceNce TesT

WhAT The lIceNce AUThORIZes

The driving licence authorizes you to drive a vehicle on a public road without being accompanied by another licenced driver. The vehicl

must be of the same category as specified on the licence.

WhAT The TesT cOVeRs

Du , u u d u bl :

control and handle the vehicle safely and competently;

apply the K53 defensive driving system;

obey the road traffic rules, road signs and signals, and road markings, and respond appropriately in a real-life driving situation;

cope with traffic, pedestrians and route conditions;

be courteous to other road users.

sTRUcTURe OF The TesT

The driving licence test consists of two separate parts, each of which must be successfully completed. If you fail either of these parts

the test will be discontinued immediately and you will have to apply for a full re-test at a later date. You may ask the examiner any

questions about the test. Use of cellular phones and smoking are not allowed. On completion of the test, whether you have passed

or failed, you must sign the test report and be given a copy after it has been discussed with you.

Light anD heavy motor vehicLes

t f l d l lud:

P o:

a pre-trip inspection of the vehicle;

a yard test, which inludes reversing, parking and moving off on an incline.

P tw:

a practical driving test in traffic (road test).

The time allotted for the yard activities the interior and exterior inspections and the yard manoeuvres is 20 minutes in total

(plus 59 seconds grace period). If you pass these two aspects of the test, you will continue with the practical driving test on a public

road, which should take between 20 and 45 minutes.

motorcycLes

t f l lud:

P o:

a pre-trip inspection of the motorcycle;

mounting and dismounting, starting, speed control, moving off and turning, lane change to the right and an incline start.

P tw:

moving off, turning speed judgement, an emergency stop, an emergency swerve and a controlled stop.

There is no time limit for part one of the test. Both parts of the test are conducted on a track at the testing centre. There is no practical

riding test in traffic.


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108

mINImUm AGe AND TesT-DAY ReQUIRemeNTs

You must be 18 years or older to apply for a driver's licence for all classes of vehicle, with the exception of motorcycles with an engine

cylinder capacity not exceeding 125 cc for which you must be 16 years or older.

The NeeD FOR A QUAlIFIeD DRIVING INsTRUcTOR

It is strongly recommended that you take a pre-defined course of at least 10 to 20 hours of formal training with a driving instructor and

school that has been accredited by the Southern African Institute of Driving Instructors (SAIDI).

During your driving lessons you should satisfy yourself that you can perform every procedure for the test. The driving test is a practical

test. To help assess your ability, an example of the official test assessment checklist is included at the back of this book (pages 141144).

ImmeDIATe FAIlURe

Light anD heavy motor vehicLes

t wll b ppd dl f f fllw:

using a vehicle that is not licenced;

using an unroadworthy vehicle;

a violation of any traffic law, road sign, signal or road marking;

an uncontrolled, dangerous action on your part;

an avoidable collision;

bumping any obstacles, mounting the kerb or touching boundary lines during the test;

not successfully completing a manoeuvre within the maximum number of attempts allowed;

allowing the vehicle to roll forwards or backwards during the test;

inability to perform a hand signal when instructed to do so;

mechanical failure of the vehicle during the test; scoring more than 50 penalty points in the yard test (penalty points are indicated in brackets on the test assessment checklist

at the back of the book);

exceeding the absolute time limit of 20 minutes 59 seconds allowed for the Pre-Trip Inspection and Yard Test.

motorcycLes

t wll b ppd dl f f fllw:

P o:

using an unroadworthy or unlicenced motorcycle;

falling off or allowing the motorcycle to fall;

exceeding 50 penalty points (see page 143);

touching a boundary line;

rolling backwards or forwards during the manoeuvres; disregarding a traffic law, road sign, signal or road marking;

carrying out an uncontrolled or dangerous action;

not wearing a suitable safety (crash) helmet.

Only one attempt each is allowed for moving off, turning left and

lane change to the right, and three attempts for speed control,

provided that no immediate disqualification has occurred.

P tw:

falling off or allowing the motorcycle to fall;

exceeding 90 penalty points;

touching a boundary line;

rolling backwards or forwards when moving off;

disregarding a traffic law, road sign, signal or road marking; carrying out an uncontrolled or dangerous action;

not wearing a suitable safety (crash) helmet.

Only three attempts are allowed for each of the manoeuvres in

this part of the test, provided that no immediate disqualification

has occurred.

If you are disqualified for any one of these items the test will be stopped immediately and you will have to re-apply to do the test at a

later date after more training and practice.

o d f u u p d l w:

a roadworthy vehicle;

your identity document;

your valid learners licence;

three passport-sized photographs; the prescribed fee for the licence to be issued when you successfully complete the test.


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109

Icon ActIon ExplAnAtIon

Observe This is a 360 observation. Look to the front, to the sides, in the mirrors and the blindspots so that you know whats going on all around your vehicle and to see if it is safe

behind you. Your wheels should always be straight when you check in the blind spots.

Look in the mirrors Look in the rear-view mirrors to see if it is safe behind and alongside the vehicle.

Check the blind spot(s)Turn your head and look over your shoulder into the blind spot on the side to which

you intend moving to ensure that it is safe to change direction. Your wheels should

always be straight when you check in the blind spots.

An important aspect of the driving test is the application of the defensive driving system already explained in detail in Chapter 2. You

will be expected to know this system thoroughly and to apply it in the correct sequence during each manoeuvre and aspect of the test

while maintaining a clear space around your vehicle at all times.

The defensive driving system consists of the following elements:

SEARCH

Continually look ahead, behind

and sideways for any hazards.

A hazard is anything that could

cause you to reduce speed or

change direction.

Hazards include: intersections,

vehicle and pedestrian entrances,pedestrians, animals, other

vehicles, cyclists, poles, signs

or any other fixtures.

IDENTIFY

Classify the type of hazard in

terms of how it might affect your

speed or direction of travel.

PREDICT

Evaluate the dangers associated

with the hazard and how you

could react to it.

DECIDE

Choose a reaction that ensures

everyones safety.

EXECUTE

Carry out the chosen action.

Each manoeuvre has its own specific sequence of actions that form part of the defensive driving system. These sequences, which are

explained in the pages that follow, must be followed. The following table explains the terminology used to describe the sequence, and

shows the icons that will be used to help you.

14tHE K53

DEFEnSIVE

DRIVInG SYStEM


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112

LIGHT MOTOR VEHICLES

Exterior inspection1. On approach, check under the vehicle for leaks or obstructions.2. Unlock all the doors.

3. Inspect the vehicle for possible damage from the top to bottom, in

an anti-clockwise direction.

4. Ensure that the mirrors are not broken, and are secure and clean.

5. Check the windows and windscreen for damage and cleanliness.

6. Check the wiper blades for damage and leave them extended

during the inspection.

7. Check the tyres for damage, wear, tread depth, valve cap and

inflation.

8. Check the wheels for damage, grease or oil leaks, and the

wheel nuts (if no hub cap is fitted) visual inspection only.

9. Check all the lights, lenses and reflectors for damage, and that

they are secure and clean.

10. Check the vehicle for damaged or loose panels or grilles.

11. Make sure that the bonnet, bumpers and exhaust are secure.

12. Make sure that the number plates are secure and clean and that

the light is working.

13. Check that the licence disc is valid and secure.

14. Check the doors for opening, and the operation of the window

winders and seat belts for stability and damage.

15. Check any information plates and chevrons for damage,

cleanliness, stability and validity.

16. Mention that the oil, water, brake fluid and fan belt have been

checked.

17. Mention that the spare wheel, jack and wheel spanner should be

checked.

18. Check that the fuel cap is secure.

Interior inspectionAfter the exterior inspection you will be asked to get into the vehicleand operate the lights, indicators, wipers and hooter (horn). Operate

the controls as required and then conduct the interior inspection.

1. From the driver's seat, ensure that the parking brake is applied

and that the gear lever is in neutral (or P or N for automatic

vehicles).

2. Check for obstructions inside the vehicle.

3. Check for warning lights and gauges, where applicable.

4. Adjust the seat to the correct driving position and set the

mirrors for maximum rear-view vision.

5. Turn the ignition key to the on position without starting the engine.

6. Check the operation of any electric windows.

7. Check all the instruments on the instrument panel and mention

any changes.

8. Check the operation of the front and rear lights, indicators,

horn and wipers.

9. Switch the ignition off and return all switches to the off position.

10. Check the steering for excessive free-play.

11. Check the pressure on the brake and clutch pedals.

12. Return the wipers to the normal position.

13. Check that the doors are properly closed and that any

passengers know how to operate them.

14. Fasten your seat belt and request any passengers to fasten theirs.

15. Ensure that the passengers know how to operate the seat belt

release mechanism.

2

3

5

13

7 8

14

15

910

16

11 17

18

12

6 6

13

14 1

1 211

4

4

5

312

8

7

4

4

1

910

15


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114

HEAVY MOTOR VEHICLES AND VEHICLES TOWING A TRAILER OVER 750 KG (Cont.

Interior inspection (The interior inspection is oftenconducted before the exterior inspection. Be prepared for either

sequence of inspections.)

1. From the drivers seat ensure that the handbrake is applied and

that the gear lever is in neutral (or in P or N for automatic vehicles).

2. Check for obstructions inside the vehicle.

3. Check for warning lights and gauges, where applicable.

4. Adjust the driver's seat for the correct driving position and set

the mirrors for maximum rear-view vision.

5. Turn the ignition key to the on position without starting the engine.

6. Check the operation of any electric windows.

7. Check all the instruments on the instrument panel. Mention any changes.

8. Check the operation of the front and rear lights, indicators, horn

and wipers.

9. Switch the ignition off and return all switches to the off position.

10. Check the steering for excessive free-play.

11.Check the pressure on the brake and clutch pedals .

12. Return the wipers to the normal position.

13. Check that all the doors are properly closed and that

passengers know how to operate them.

14. Fasten your seat belt and request any passengers to fasten theirs.

15. Ensure that the passengers know how to operate the seat belt

release mechanism.

Note: In the event of there being a minor defect,

you maybe allowed to rectify it.

Off the motorcycle1.On approach, check under the motorcycle for obvious leaks

and/or obstructions.

2. Check for damage, preferably from top to bottom, and from left to

right, while moving in an anti-clockwise direction.

3. Check the wheels for tread depth, wear and damage, sidewall

damage, inflation, valve cap, spokes, wheel hub, oil and grease

leaks (visual inspection only).

4. Check the brake disc(s) for wear, if possible.

5. Check the shock absorbers/forks for damage, security and

oil leaks.

6. Check the mudguards for damage and security.

7.Check the lights and reflectors for damage, cleanliness and security.

8. Check the indicators for damage, cleanliness and security.

9. Check the windscreen/fairing for damage, cleanliness and security,

if applicable.

10. Check the controls, cables, mirror and clutch fluid level, if

applicable, for damage, cleanliness, security and operation.

11.Check the fuel tap/valve for damage, security, leaks and operation.

12. Check the gear lever for damage and security.

13. Check any side-covers for damage and security.

14. Mention that the battery should be checked for damage, security

and fluid level.

15. Check the footrests, chain guard, chain (tension and

lubrication) and the exhaust for damage and security.

16. Check the rear number plate for damage, cleanliness and security,

and that the number plate light is working.

17. Check the seat for damage, cleanliness and security.

18. Check the foot brake for free play, damage and security, and the

brake fluid level, if applicable.

19. Check the fuel tank and filler cap for security and leakage.

20. Mention that the coolant and engine oil levels should be checked,

if applicable.

21. Check any radiator for damage and security.

22. Check the licence token for validity, cleanliness and security.

MOTORCYCLES

14

13

14

1

2

3

6

123

4

5

6

7

22

8

1920

11

10

12

13

14

15 18

16

17

9

4

10

11

5

9

8 7

4

15

21

12


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119

17 THE YARD TEST

PURPOSE

The purpose of the yard test is to check how well you handle your vehicle in the time allowed. Some testing centres allow learner drivers

to practise the manoeuvres after working hours in the yard where the official test is conducted. Ask your driving instructor to arrange fo

you to use the yard if this is permitted in your area. This will give you the opportunity to become familiar with the test area.


During this part of the test, which is done in an area that is closed to normal traffic, stopping will be permitted at any stage during

certain manoeuvres. Should the test be terminated at any stage, the full test must be repeated. Touching any obstacle or mounting

a kerb is not allowed. The examiner will give you the instructions for each manoeuvre. The test includes the following:

Light motor vehicles

20 minutes for the pre-trip inspection and test. 30 minutes for the pre-trip inspection and test.

Signalling and observing, as if on a public road, is required. Signalling and observing, as if on a public road, is required.

Wearing seat belts is not necessary. Wearing seat belts is not necessary.

All traffic signs, signals and markings must be obeyed. All traffic signs, signals and markings must be obeyed.

No uncontrolled or dangerous actions may be made. No uncontrolled or dangerous actions may be made.

The principles of defensive driving must be applied. The principles of defensive driving must be applied.

The push-pull steering method is not required. The push-pull steering method is not required.

Alley docking to the left and right (2 attempts each). Alley docking to the right (2 attempts).

A three-point turn in the road (1 attempt). A left turn (1 attempt).

Parallel parking from the left and the right (2 attempts each). Parallel parking without a trailer from the left and the right (2 attempts

each) code EB only.

Reversing in a straight line (1 attempt).

An incline start (1 attempt). An incline start (1 attempt).

Heavy motor vehicles and vehicles towinga trailer over 750 kg (licence code EB)

For light motor vehicles, heavy motor vehicles and vehicles towing a trailer over 750 kg


24/30

121

THE ROAD LAYOUT REQUIREMENTS (Cont.)

THE MANOEUVRES

40 m

4m

For reVersing in a straight

line (hMV y)

An area 40 m long and 4 m wide.

positioning For a ManoeuVre

In the yard test you must position the

vehicle in preparation for each manoeuvre.

leaVing an area aFter

a ManoeuVre

When you have completed a manoeuvre,

you must drive out of the demarcated area

without touching any obstacles, and follow

the examiners instructions.

REMEMBER

Stopping and moving off in the same direction

during a manoeuvre is not counted as an

additional movement.

If you stop for more than 5 seconds you must do

a complete observation before moving off again.

1 Stop where instructed

2 Cancel the signal if applicable

3 Apply the handbrake

4 Select neutral (N) or park (P)

1 Check the mirrors

2 Check the blind spot

3 Signal your intention

4 Select the correct gear

5 Obtain clutch control

(manual vehicles)

6 Observe 360

7 Release the handbrake

8 Steer out of the area

9 Cancel the signal


25/30

123

THE MANOEUVRES (Cont.)

1 Check the mirrors and the

blind spot

2 Signal

3 Select the correct gear


(manual vehicles)

5 Observe 360


7 Move off towards the other

side of the road

8 Counter-steer in the other

direction as you stop

9 Stop


2.5 m

6m

alley docking (lMV frm t ft

rt; hMV frm t rt )

You will have to reverse into a demarcated

parking bay and then drive out again (LMV

from both the left and the right). You will

be allowed only two attempts to complete

the manoeuvre provided that no obstacle

has been touched. You must not bump the

kerb or any obstacles, or change direction

during the manoeuvre.

Stopping is allowed at any stage. One

forward movement may be permitted for

each attempt by combination vehicles

(i.e. a truck pulling a trailer) only. Should

you touch the line with any wheel, the test

wil be discontinued.

The testing officer will direct you to the

testing area and instruct you to perform

the manoeuvre.


blind spot

2 Signal

3 Select the appropriate gear


(manual vehicles)

5 Observe 360


7 Move off


9 Steer

10 Stop as instructed


12 Select neutral (N) or park (P)

13 Cancel the signal

three-point turn in the road

(lMV y)

You will be instructed to drive to a particular

area and execute a turn in the road.

This manoeuvre must be completed in

three movements only, without bumping any

kerbs, and the vehicle must end up facing

in the opposite direction, on the left-hand

side of the road. You will be allowed only

one attempt to complete the manoeuvre

successfully.

Repeat this sequence for each of the

three movements:

REMEMBER

Make sure your signals can be clearly seen

from the front, from behind and from

the side.

Always check the blind spot/s just before

changing direction.


26/30

126

18THE

MOTORCYCLE

TEST


The test is conducted off the road. A specially prepared track is used to test your riding skills. You will be required to perform certain

manoeuvres without stalling or rolling, and respond to different light signals. Each manoeuvre must meet certain standards that are

measured in respect of distance and/or time.

During the test you must perform observations and give signals as though you were on a public road and you must wear a properly

fastened crash helmet. Immediately after moving off, both feet must be placed on the riders footrests. Both wheels must remain in

contact with the road at all times, and all road signs, signals, rules and markings must be obeyed.

The testing officer will be examining:

How well you control the motorcycle.

How you comply with the rules of the road, road signs, signals and road markings.

Your use of the system of vehicle control: observation, signalling and road safety.

PART ONE OF THE TEST

ON

ONOFF

STARTING THE ENGINE

You must demonstrate your ability to use the

controls correctly to start the engine and to

check the working of the lights, indicators

and horn while maintaining your balance.

1 Open the fuel valve

2 Turn the ignition switch to the

on position without starting

3 Check the gauges and

warning lights

4 Ensure neutral (N) is selected

(green light)

5 Move the engine kill switch to

the run position

6 Operate the choke if necessary

7 Start the engine and release

the starting mechanism

8 Cancel the choke once the

engine is running smoothly

REMEMBER

Both wheels must

remain in contactwith the road at all

times, and all road

signs, signals, rules

and markings must

be obeyed.


27/30


28/30

134

CHAnGInG lAneS

You must demonstrate the correct and safe

use of traffic lanes. Dont change lanes

while crossing an intersection.

1 Check the mirrors and both

blind spots

2 Signal

3 Obey all traffic signs and

markings

4 Check the appropriate blind spot

5 Steer

6 Cancel the signal

oVeRTAKInG

You must demonstrate your ability to

overtake vehicles and hazards safely.

Maintain a clear space and safe approaching/

following distance for maximum visibility.

1 Obey all roads signs, signals,rules and markings


3 Position the vehicle for

maximum visibility


blind spot

beInG oVeRTAKen

You must demonstrate the correct response

when being overtaken.

1 Check in the mirrors and the

relevant blind spot

2 Position the vehicle in the centre

or far side of your lane

3 Do not accelerate while being

overtaken

THE TEST (Cont.)

noTeS:

Where more than one lane is changed in

one movement, the appropriate blind spot

must be checked prior to crossing each

lane line.

Where the lane next to you does not

continue, you will be penalised for not

checking the blind spot to that side.

5 Signal

6 Check the mirrors again

7 Apply the brake if necessary

8 Select a lower gear if necessary


10 Steer past the hazard while

maintaining a clear space

11 Cancel the signal

12 Accelerate if necessary

13 If intending to return to your

lane, check the mirrors and

relevant blind spot before

signalling

noTe:

The test will be discontinued if you increase

speed while being overtaken on the right-

hand side of a road with two-way traffic.

note

Wh big vrak,

chck h mirrrs

ad blid sps ad

mv h hr sid

f yur la wihu

acclraig.


29/30

141

20 practicaldriving test

the exterior inspection

(lMv hMv y)

Did the candidate:

Check under the vehicle for oil leaks/obstructions? (1)

Check the condition of the wipers? (1)

Check the fuel cap? (1)

Check the condition of the tyres/wheels (HMV only)? (1)

Check the reflectors? (1)

Check all the lenses? (1)

Check the engine compartment for oil leaks? (1)

Check the fifth wheel couplings (HMV only)? (5)

My y

Did the candidate:

Check under the motorcycle for leaks and obstructions? (1)

Check the mirrors for damage, cleanliness and security? (1)

Check the chain tension and lubrication? (1)

Check the condition of the tyres (wheels)? (1)

Check the forks and shock absorbers for damage,

security and oil leaks? (1)

the interior inspection

(lMv hMv y)

Did the candidate:

Check that all the doors were closed? (2)

Check that the handbrake was on? (1)

Select neutral or park? (1)

Check for obstructions in the vehicle? (1)

Adjust the seat? (1)

Adjust the rear-view mirrors? (2)

Did the candidate check the operation of:

The lights? (1)

The indicators? (1)

The wipers? (1)

The hooter? (1)

Yes / no

Yes / no

Yes / no

Yes / no

This section gives you the opportunity to do a practical driving test similar to the one that you will do for the official driver's licence test

You should do this test only once you and your instructor are confident that you can handle the vehicle competently in all the required

manoeuvres and that you know all the requirements for defensive driving that have been included in the previous sections of this book.

To gain extra confidence, you should do this test more than once before going for the official test. Allow your instructor to check each

point on this list and tick either yes or no for each question as you do the test.

The actual test is scored in terms of penalty points that are allocated in respect of infringements of the test requirements. In some

cases, a single infringement will result in up to five penalty points.

You will fail the pre-trip inspection and yard test if you take longer than 20 minutes (30 minutes for heavy motor vehicles) to carry them

out, and you will fail the driving test if you are allocated 50 or more penalty points.

You will fail the road test if you are allocated more than an average of 8 penalty points per minute. This means that if the test took

20 minutes (the minimum time allowed), you may not have more than 160 (20 x 8) penalty points. In the test below, the number of penalty points per infringement is indicated in brackets. The shaded boxes indicate critical areas

(immediate failure).

the pre-trip inspection

This part of the test is divided into two sections and must be carried out in a place away from traffic.


30/30

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Our sincere thanks to the Southern African Advanced Driving Academy, in particular RW Chandler, for carefully reviewing the technical

and instructional content of the first edition of this manual, and for endorsing and recommending it for use by all aspirant learners and

drivers licence candidates. We also wish to thank Pat Allen, national president of the Southern African Institute of Driving Instructors,

and Howard Dembovsky, director, Justice Project South Africa, for their assistance with the latest content updates.

Clive Gibson, Gavin Hoole, Bata Passchier

Struik Lifestyle

(an imprint of Random House Struik (Pty) Ltd)

Company Reg. No. 1966/003153/07

80 McKenzie Street, Cape Town 8001

PO Box 1144, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa

www.randomstruik.co.za

First published in 2005 by Struik Publishers

Reprinted in 2006

Second edition published in 2007. Reprinted in 2007, 2008, 2009

Third edition published by Struik Lifestyle in 2011

Copyright in published edition: Random House Struik (Pty) Ltd 2005, 2007, 2011

Copyright in text: Engage the Brain Training Systems 2005, 2007, 2011

Copyright in illustrations: Engage the Brain Training Systems 2005, 2007, 2011

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form

or by any means, electronic, digital, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission

of the publishers and the copyright holders.

Publisher: Linda de Villiers

Managing editor: Cecilia Barfield

Editors: Samantha Fick, Joy Clack, Gill GordonDesigners: Janine Cloete, Beverley Dodd

Illustrator: Darren McLean

DTP: Clinton Griffin

ISBN 978-1-43170-031-8 (Print)

ISBN 978-1-43170-036-3 (Epub)

ISBN 978-1-43170-038-7 (PDF ebook)

Please note:

The National Road Traffic Act and regulations, and the test requirements, are revised by the authorities from time to time. This book is

constantly updated to incorporate such changes, and every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and current validity of theinformation provided therein. Nevertheless, the Publishers and the Authors shall not be held responsible or liable in any way whatsoever

for any omissions or errors contained herein, whether due to timing of the release of the updated editions or for any other reason.

the official k53 learner's and driver's made easy (extract)

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