EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

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EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

EUROBATSPublication Series

No. 7

Common Names of European Bats Peter H.C. Lina

EUROBATSThis publication is dedicated to the 25th

Anniversary of the Agreement on the Conservation

of Populations of European Bats, which was

opened for signature on the 4 of December 1991.th

The book contains common names for 53 species

of bats occurring in the agreement area in 50

languages together with concise explanations of

their origin and meaning.

The author, Mr. Peter H.C. Lina, conceived this

amazing dictionary more than five years ago

in order to help local bat researchers and

conservationists with the popularisation of their

results and in order to standardise the application

of vernacular names in alignment with their

zoological ones.

Given that Peter Lina was among the several

experts who drafted the first version of the

Agreement at a meeting in London on the 19 of

November 1987, he can reasonably be called a

founding father of EUROBATS. In 1998, he was

elected as Chair of the newly established scientific

working group and was presiding over the

Advisory Committee of EUROBATS until 2015,

when he voluntarily stepped down to give way for

younger generations.

Peter Lina began his work for bat conservation in

1973, when he arrived at the former Dutch Ministry

of Culture, Recreation and Social Work. He worked

within the Dutch Government until 2002. From

2002, he has been an Honorary Research Associate

at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, the National

Museum of Natural History in the Netherlands.

Peter has taken part in many conferences abroad,

including all European Bat Research Symposiums,

one of which he organized in1996.

He has published around 150 scientific papers

and communications, including those on bats,

birds, viruses, immunology and many other topics.

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1(printed version)

ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

EURO

BATS

Pu

blica

tion

Se

ries N

o. 7

• Co

mm

on

Na

me

s of E

uro

pe

an

Ba

ts

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 1

th

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Common Names of European Bats

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7 14.12.16 15:54 Seite 1

Lina, P. H.C. (2016): Common Names of European Bats. EUROBATS Publication Series No. 7. UNEP / EUROBATS Secretariat, Bonn, Germany, 104 pp.

Produced by EUROBATS, UN Environment

Design Petra Nyenhuis

This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-

profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledge-

ment of the source is made. UNEP / EUROBATS would appreciate receiving a copy of any

publication that uses this publication as a source.

No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose what-

soever without prior permission in writing from UNEP / EUROBATS.

United Nations CampusPlatz der Vereinten Nationen 153113 Bonn, Germany Tel (+49) 228 815 24 21Fax (+49) 228 815 24 45E-mail eurobats@eurobats.orgWeb www.eurobats.org

ISBN 978-92-95058-36-1 (printed version)ISBN 978-92-95058-37-8 (electronic version)

Cover design: Petra NyenhuisCover photo: Manuel Ruedi

UNEP promotesenvironmentally sound practices

globally and in its own activities. This publication is printed on chlorine-free, FSC-

certified, 60% recycled paper, using environment allyfriendly practices. Our distribution policy aims to

reduce UNEP's carbon footprint.

Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7.Print_U1-U4_Layout 1 14.12.16 16:10 Seite 2

Copies of this publication are available from the

EUROBATS Secretariat

UN Environment

EUROBATS Publication Series No. 7

6

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EUROBATS Publication Series No. 7

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Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7 07.12.16 20:54 Seite 6

2nd edition 2017 - © 2016, 2017 Agreement on the Conservation of Populations of European Bats (UNEP/EUROBATS).

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Publication Series No.7_EUROBATS_7 07.12.16 20:54 Seite 2

Common Names of European Bats

Contents

Foreword 4

Introduction 5

Etymology of the word bat and taxonomic names 7

Acknowledgements 15

List 1. Vernacular names of European bat species in national languages 16

List 2. Vernacular names in national languages for each European bat species 66

3

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EUROBATS Publication Series No. 7

4

It is a great pleasure for us to launch this newvolume of the EUROBATS Publication Seriesat the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the Agreement. Peter H.C. Lina and a largegroup of contributors are presenting for the very first time the names of all bat species occurring in the agreement area in allnational and even a few regional languages.

This has been a tremendous work over the past years since many names did not previously exist in quite a number oflanguages but had to be developed by national experts in sometimes lengthy consultation processes in order to meet thehighest linguistic and scientific standards.Having now all bat names available in all national languages will be highly beneficialfor educational and public awareness raising activities, bringing these wonderfulcreatures closer to the people.

As a small but very interesting extra, anintroductory chapter explains the etymologyof the word “bat” in the various languages,without doubt the most poetic expressionbeing the “night butterfly” from Malta.

Apart from the benefits already mentionedabove, here is an additional one: As an effectof climate change some bat species are expanding their geographical distributionrange and are occurring in countries wherethey could never before be observed. Withthis book at hand, you will be able to welcome them appropriately in your ownlanguage.

I sincerely wish to thank Peter H.C. Linaand all those who have contributed to thisachievement and invaluable asset for ourbat conservation efforts!

December 2016

Foreword

Andreas Streit

Executive Secretary, EUROBATS

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Common Names of European Bats

53 bat species occur within the geographicalscope of EUROBATS, which are listed in theAnnex to the Agreement. They all have aunique binary scientific name. It is better touse the term scientific name instead of Latinname, because many scientific names arealso derived from Greek. Additionally, manybat species also have a common name, however, not all bat species listed in theAnnex have a common name in all languages.The reasons for this could be that, for example, these bat species do not exist in agiven language area, or that they have onlyrecently been discovered as a full species byDNA research.

For people who are not familiar with bats,scientific names have no significance in therecognition of species. On the other hand, acommon name in their own languagesounds more familiar, even if they have noidea how the species looks like and where itoccurs.

With this EUROBATS publication it is easyto find a common name of a bat species inyour own language from a common batname in a foreign language. When you see,for example, on a Polish calendar a pictureof a bat with the title Karlik malutki, you

could then go to the Polish list in which Polishcommon names of bat species are listed inalphabetical order. Karlik malutki has thenumber 29. You could then go to number 29in the second list, and you would find therethe scientific name and the common namefor this species back into your own languageor in another language that you need.

But the availability of common names inthe languages within the geographicalscope of EUROBATS could also be used forother purposes, such as for field guides onEuropean bats or other publications aboutbats in a particular language. The use ofcommon names may also contribute to the increase of public awareness for bat conservation.

I consider this publication a birthday present from the bat and linguistic experts,and all others, listed in the Acknowledge-ments, to EUROBATS for its 25th anniversary.

5

Introduction

Peter H.C. Lina

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EUROBATS Publication Series No. 7

6

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Common Names of European Bats

The origin of many names for the bat in European languages is often obscure, complex, and sometimes controversial. However, there are several consistent patterns in naming these animals which areobviously related to the human perceptionof bats. The meaning of the word bat in alanguage occasionally also gives details oftheir natural history as it is the case for the Bulgarian word prilep (прилеп), which probably derives from the verb прилепям(priljepjam) = to stick, and refers to the abilityof bats to stick to vertical surfaces. Anotherexample is the Catalan rata-pinyada, whichmeans “rats that make clumps”, as bats effectively do in caves or other roosts.

It is remarkable that vernacular names reflect distinctive features of bat appearanceregardless of geographically and linguisticallydefined borders.

Fluttering miceAllegedly, the English word “bat” is a dialectalalteration of the Middle English bakke (early14th century), which is probably related tothe Old Swedish natbakka, the Old Danishnathbakkæ = night bat, and the Old Norseleðrblaka = leather flapper. If so, the likelyoriginal meaning of the name was “flapper”.The present Icelandic name for the bat isleðurblaka and derived from leður = leather,and blaka = to flap. The Old English word forthe bat was hreremus, from hreran = toshake: A rattle-mouse is attested from the

late 16th century as an old dialectal name forthe bat. The majority of Germanic languagespossess cognate names for the bat, whichcan be tracked down to a group of old German verbs denoting a flutter: Danish flagermus, German Fledermaus, Dutchvleermuis, Luxembourgish Fliedermaus,Swedish fladdermus, Norwegian flaggermusand Frisian flearmûs. Flitter-mouse, flinder-mouse, or flicker-mouse, with the samemeaning, were also occasionally used inEnglish. Correspondingly, the Finnish lepakkoderives from the verb lepattaa = flapping.Apart from that, the alleged congeniality of bats and rodents is reflected in Rhaeto-Romance utschè-mezmieur, meaning a“bird half-mouse”, and in the alternative Catalan name rat-penat, which means a ratwith wings.

7

Etymology of the word bat and taxonomic names

“Bat Avenue” in Wageningen, the Netherlands.© Peter H.C. Lina

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With its similar meaning, the Russian name�� летучая мышь (a flying mouse) appeared only in the 19th century and it represents a mere translation from German,whereas ancient Slavic words kozhanand netopyr remained in the language as vernacular names for the genera Eptesicusand Pipistrellus respectively.

Leather wings A number of vernacular names refer to the“leathern” appearance of bats and theirwing membranes. For instance, the mostcommonly used Armenian name chghdzhik(չղջիկ) probably alludes to their leatherwings; the Lithuanian šikšnosparnis derivesfrom šikšna = tanned skin without hair, andsparnas = wing; the Latvian sikspārnis is derived from the Lithuanian name. The Belarusian and Ukrainian kazhan (kaжaн) cognate to the word kozha (кожа) meaning

leather; the Albanian lakuriq nate unites lakuriq = hairless skin, and nate = night; theEstonian nahkhiir derives from the nounsnahk = skin or leather, and hiir = mouse; theBreton askel grohen means a leather wing.

The contemporary French chauve-sourisderives from the Latin name cawa sorix orkawa sorix (kawa is a Gallic word), meaningan owl mouse. This was later modified tocalva sorix, which means a bald mouse.

Besides the above mentioned examples,in modern Scottish Gaelic bats are called ialtag-anmoch (anmoch = late), ialtag-leathairor ialtag-leuthraigh (leathair, leuthraigh = leather), and in Irish Gaelic sciathán leathair = leather wing. However, the wordsialtóg (Irish Gaelic) and ialtag (Scottish Gaelic) with unclear etymology are used for all individual species names in bothlanguages.

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“Bat Lane” in Garbsen, Germany. © Michael Wesemann

“Bat Street” in Liège, Belgium. © Frédéric Forget

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Blind mice A wide-spread misconception about totalabsence of the sense of vision in bats is reflected in the Bosnian and Croatian šišmiš,Montenegrin and Serbian slijepi miš, Galicianand Portuguese morcego and Castilianmurciélago, which all have the meaning of “a blind mouse”. Similarly, the Arabickhaffash (     ), deriving from the wordkhafish (     ), can either denote the onewho was born with a weak vision, narrowedor absent eyes, or the one that is able to see at night but not during the day. The present generally used Persian namekhoffash (     ) has derived from the Arabickhaffash (     ).

The night flyersThe Proto-Slavic word netopyrjь�, usually interpreted by linguists as “a night flyer”,was inherited by the Czech netopýr, Slovaknetopier, Slovenian netopir, and Polish nietoperz.

In the same way, the Italian pipistrellostems from the early medieval vipistrello,which was in turn derived from the Latinvespertilio and refers to vesper = evening.Accordingly, the Hebrew name atalef (         ),which is mentioned in the Tanakh (Old Testament) in Leviticus 11:19, Deuteronomy14:18, and Isaiah 2:20, derives from the wordalata = dark or lightless, and the word af =flight.

In the Caucasus, Georgians call bats ghamura (ღამურა), which derives from theword ghame (ღამე) = night, and denotessomething you can meet at night. Similarly,Armenians depict the lifestyle of bats in gis-heramuk, which means “a night mouse”.

The Greek nychterides means “an animal ofthe night”.

The Persian old and local name, especiallyin southern Iran, shab parreh (       ) derived from shab = night, and parreh =flyer.

A parallel meaning exists in Albanian, asthe bat is sometimes named “a bird of thenight” in this language. Although the Basque saguzar originates from sagu =mouse, and zahar = old: old mouse, there isa synonym gauenara, which means “a nightswallow”. The most romantic among the“night-related” names is the Maltese one,farfett il-lejl, deriving from farfett = butterflyand il-lejl = night, literally meaning “a butterfly of the night”.

Names with unknown meaning and/or un-known etymologyThe Azerbaijani and Turkish yarasa, the Hungarian denevér, and the Welsh ystlumhave intricate origins and their etymologycould not be explained. The Macedonian liljak (лилјак) and Romanian liliac are consonant with the word leylak – the extantTurkish name for a stork.

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“Bat Street” in Cracow, Poland. © Małgorzata Kotula-Balak

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Etymology of generic names of Europeanbat species

Barbastella: derived from the Italian barba -stello, which comes from the dialecticword barbastel in Ferrara (a province inItaly) derived from the Latin vespertilio.

Eptesicus: Latinisation of the Greek wordsepten, past tense of the verb petomai =flying, and oikos = house one that fliesnear houses.

Hypsugo: derived probably from the Greekupsigonos born in the air.

Miniopterus: derived from the Latin minus =less, and the Greek pteron = wing narrow-winged.

Myotis: derived from the Greek mus =mouse, and ous/otos = ear mouse with(large) ears or ears of mouse.

Nyctalus: derived from the Latin nyctalopiabeing Latinised from the Greek nuktalops:nukt = night, aloas = blind night-blind.

Pipistrellus: derived from the Italian pipistrello= bat.

Plecotus: derived from the Greek plekto =curled, and otus = ear curled ears.

Rhinolophus: derived from the Greek rhis(genitive rhinos) = nose, and lophos = ornament referring to the very characteristic facial nose-leaf.

Rousettus: derived from russet, a darkbrown colour with a reddish-orangetinge.

Tadarida: comes from the Sicilian and Calabrian dialectic word tadarida (withvariations like taddarita, taddarida, tallarita, tallarida and taddrarita) whichrefer to bat regardless of the species.

Taphozous: derived from the Greek taphos= tomb, and zoos = alive, living onethat lives in a tomb.

Vespertilio: derived from the Latin vespertilis= bat, based on the Latin vesper = night,and the Greek espera with the samemeaning.

“Bat Street” in Budapest, Hungary. © Gábor Csorba

Barbastelle Crescent in the village of Hethersett,county of Norfolk, England. © John Goldsmith

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Etymology of scientific bat species names,which not derived from person’s names

aegyptiacus: of Egypt.alcathoe: or Alcithoe (Alkithoê), in Greek

mythology a daughter of Minyas, andsister of Leucippe and Arsippe.

anatolicus: of Anatolia (Asia Minor).aurascens: derived from the Latin aureus =

golden. The aureus was a golden coin ofancient Rome and was regularly issuedfrom the 1st century BC to the beginningof the 4th century AD.

auritus: a Latin word meaning "with long ears" austriacus: means "Austria" since the type

locality is Vienna in Austria.azoreum: of Azores.barbastellus: derived from the Italian

barbastello, in turn originated from theLatin vespertilio.

darjelingensis: of Darjeeling, a town and district in West Bengal, Northeast India.

dasycneme: derived from the Greek dasus =haired, and kneme = leg haired legs.

emarginatus: derived from the Latin emargino= with a part of the margin removed ornotched, referring to the expanded notchof the ear.

euryale: "far-roaming" or "she of the widebriny sea", in Greek mythology Euryalewas the second eldest of the Gorgons,three vicious sisters with brass hands,sharp fangs, and hair of living venomoussnakes.

ferrumequinum: derived from the Latin ferrum = iron, and equinus = of the horse horseshoe.

hajastanicus: of Hayastan (Armenia).

hipposideros: derived from the Greek hippos= horse, and sideros = iron horseshoe.

isabellinus: isabelline = pale cream-browncolour.

lasiopterus: derived from the Greek lasios =wool, and pteron = feather, wing woolly (or hairy) wings.

macrobullaris: derived from the Greek makros = large, long, and the Latin bulla= bladder, bulge. The bulla tympanica is a part of the temporal bone and it surrounds the middle ear.

maderensis: of Madeira.murinus: derived from the Latin mus =

mouse, murinus = of the mouse.mystacinus: derived from the Greek mystax

= upper lip, whiskers.nipalensis: of Nepal.noctula: derived from the Latin nox = night.nudiventris: derived from the Latin nudus =

bare and venter = belly bare-bellied.pallidus: pale.

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Street in Leiden, the Netherlands, dedicated to Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778–1858), who described Eptesicus isabellinus. © Peter H.C. Lina

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pipistrellus: derived from the Italian pipistrello= bat.

punicus: derived from Punic, Carthaginian(of Carthage).

pygmaeus: derived from the Greek pygmaios= dwarf.

sardus: of Sardinia. serotinus: derived from the Latin serus =

late, serotinus means that it comes late.teneriffae: of Teneriffe.teniotis: seems to come from the Greek

taina and the Latin taenia = fold and theGreek ous or otos = ear with foldedears, or with folds on the ears.

Spelling and quoting of scientific names andauthorsDespite the clear rules in the InternationalCode of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) topromote stability and universality in thescientific names of animals, and to ensurethat each name is unique and distinct, scientific names of some European bat

species are used by authors in severalforms. The most frequent confusion is observed in the use of the suffix of specificscientific names ending with an "i" or “ii”.For example, one can find the scientificname for the Daubenton's bat written asMyotis daubentoni or as Myotis daubentonii.A special section in the International Code ofZoological Nomenclature is devoted to thistopic.

References to species described by Kuhlare dated by authors with the years 1817,1818 or 1819. For example, one can find inpublications references to Nyctalus leisleriwith (Kuhl, 1817) or (Kuhl 1818), and to Myotis mystacinus with (Kuhl, 1817) or(Kuhl, 1819). Furthermore, parenthesesaround author’s names (and dates) have ameaning.

Suffix i, or ii• Species names derived from the Latinised

personal names of males (i.e. names with the Latin endings shown here betweenbrackets), such as d'Aubenton(ius), Bech stein(ius), Blyth(ius), Brandt(ius),Kuhl(ius), Nilsson(ius), and Schreibers(ius),should get the genitive ending “ii”, henceMyotis daubentonii and Pipistrellus kuhlii.

• Species names derived from names whichhad already a Latin ending, such as Blasiusand Nathusius, should also get a genitiveending “ii”, hence Rhinolophus blasii andPipistrellus nathusii.

• Species names derived from names ofmale persons originally ending with “i”, asCapaccini and Savi, should also get a genitive ending “ii”, hence Myotis capacci-nii and Hypsugo savii.

• Species names derived from Latinisedcontemporary names of male persons

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Street in Paris, France, dedicated to Louis-JeanMarie d’Aubenton (1716–1799). Myotis daubentonii was named after him. © Peter H.C. Lina

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ending with “r”, as Leisler(us) and Natter -er(us), should get the genitive ending witha single “i”, thus Nyctalus leisleri (the genitive of Leislerus) and Myotis nattereri.

• Dedication names to male persons of morerecently described species have not been derived from Latinised names andshould end with a single “i”, e.g. Plecotuskolombatovici and Pipistrellus hanaki.

References to KuhlIn 1817, Heinrich Kuhl published his monograph “Die deutschen Fledermäuse”.This publication contained bat species formerly described by other authors alongwith the species newly described by Kuhlhimself. Kuhl's monograph was issued in alimited number. Therefore, it was reprintedin two parts in the “Annalen der Wetter -auischen Gesellschaft für die Gesammte Naturkunde” in 1818 and 1819 respectively.Nevertheless, the first edition of Kuhl’s publication in 1817 was deposited in accordance with the rules of the ICZN, andtherefore only this publication (and 1817 asthe year of issue) should be used as a reference to species described by Kuhl. References to Kuhl 1818 and Kuhl 1819 arenot correct.

References such as “Pipistrellus kuhliiNatterer, 1817", “Pipistrellus kuhlii, Nattererin Kuhl, 1817", “Myotis bechsteinii Leisler,1817", or “Myotis bechsteinii Leisler in Kuhl,1817" are not correct either. Neither Natterernor Leisler described new bat species. Theyboth provided information, collected batspecimens, and proposed species names toKuhl, who described these newly discoveredspecies in his monograph by himself.

Use of parentheses for author’s names anddatesWhen a species-group name is combinedwith a generic name other than the originalone, the name of the author of the species-group name, if cited, shall be enclosed withparentheses. The date, if cited, has also tobe enclosed within the same parentheses,e.g. when the species originally described as Vespertilio nathusii by Keyserling and Blasius, 1839, was later reassigned to thegenus Pipistrellus, the species had to becited subsequently as Pipistrellus nathusii(Keyserling & Blasius, 1839).

The use of fonts in scientific namesThe scientific names of genus- or species-group taxa should be printed in a type-face(font) different from that used in the text.Such names are usually printed in italics,which should not be used for names in

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Heinrich Kuhl (1797–1821). Kuhl described sevenbat species listed in the Annex to the EUROBATSAgreement. Portrait from the collection of NaturalisBiodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.

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higher taxa, thus Vespertilio murinus andnot Vespertilio murinus, but Vespertilionidaeand not Vespertilionidae. Species groupnames always begin with a lower-case letter,even when the species name has derivedfrom a person’s name or a place, consequentlyPipistrellus nathusii and not Pipistrellus Nathusii, similarly Plecotus teneriffae butnot Plecotus Teneriffae. And whenever species-group names are cited, they shall always be preceded by its generic name or abbreviation (Myotis daubentonii or M. daubentonii). Formal names of all supraspecific taxa shall begin with the capital letter, thus Rhinolophidae and notrhinolophidae.

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Street in Paris, France, dedicated to Carl Linné[Linnaeus] (1707–1758), who described Vespertilio murinus and Plecotus auritus. © Peter H.C. Lina

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This publication could only be realized withthe help of many colleagues who have col-lated the most commonly used vernacularnames of bats in their languages and havecreated new vernacular names for those batspecies that did not previously have one.These contributors to each language arementioned below in alphabetical order ac-cording to their last name.

Albanian: Ferdinand Bego, Aurora Dibra,Philippe Théou; Arabic: Mounir Abi-Said, Zuhair Amr; Armenian: Astghik Ghazaryan,Mark Kalashyan, Martiros Nalbandyan, DavitYavruyan; Azerbaijani: Nijat A. Hasanov,Irina K. Rakhmatulina†; Basque: Joxerra Aihartza; Belarusian: Aliaksei Shpak; Bosnian: Jasminko Mulaomerović; Breton:Stéphane Aulagnier, Thomas Le Campion,Catherine Caroff, Philippe Théou; Bulgarian:Boyan Petrov, Vasil Popov; Catalan: XaviPuig; Croatian: Daniela Hamidović; Castilian:Javier Juste; Czech: Petr Benda, Helena Jahelková; Danish: Hans J. Baagøe; English:Anthony M. Hutson; Estonian: Mati Kaal,Lauri Lutsar, Matti Masing, Linda Poots†,Tuuli Rehemaa; Finnish: Eeva-Maria Kyheröinen, Juhani Lokki; French: StéphaneAulagnier, Marie-José Dubourg-Savage; Frisian: Teddy M. Dolstra, Meinte Engelmoer,Peter Koomen, John Melis, Sake P. Rood-bergen, Arend Timmerman, Emmy Veeman;Galician: Roberto Hermida; Georgian: IrinaLomashvili, Ioseb Natradze; German:Christian Dietz, Christine Harbusch; Greek:

Panagiotis Georgiakakis; Hebrew: Carmi Korine, Simon Nemtzov; Hungarian: ZoltánBihari, Gábor Csorba, Péter Estók; Irish Gaelic: Ferdia Marnell, Doireann McCombe;Italian: Dino Scaravelli; Latvian: Gunãrs Peterson, Jurgis Šuba, Viesturs Vintulis; Lithuanian: Kazimieras Baranauskas, DeividasMakavičius, Nomeda Vėlavičienė; Luxem-bourgish: Jacques B. Pir, Laurent Schley;Macedonian: Branko Micevski; Maltese:Claude Busuttil, Clare Mifsud, Adriana Vella,(Fons Bongers); Montenegrin: Marina Radonjić; Norwegian: Kjell Isaksen, ViggoRee, Roar Solheim, Per Ole Syvertsen, Øystein Wiig; Persian: Hossein Zohoori; Polish: Wiesław Bogdanowicz, Mateusz Ciechanowski, Maciek Fuszara, AndrzejKepel; Portuguese: Jorge M. Palmeirim, AnaM. Rainho, Luisa Rodrigues; Rhaeto-Romance:Hubert Krättli, Miriam Lutz, Pascal Moeschler;Romanian: Levente Barti, Daniela Borda, Szilárd Bücs, Ioan Coroiu, Csaba Jére, Georgiana Mărginean, Dumitru Muariu, Abigél Szodoray-Parádi, Farkas Szodoray-Parádi; Russian: Suren Gazaryan, Sergei V.Kruskop, Evgenia G. Rumyantseva; ScottishGaelic: Colm J. O’Boyle, Paul A. Racey; Serbian Cyrillic and Latin: Branko Karapandža,Milan Paunović; Slovak: Martin Cel’uch,Marcel Uhrin; Slovenian: Primož Presetnik;Swedish: Ingemar Ahlén, Karin Gerell, RuneGerell, Johnny de Jong, Marie Nedinge, JensRydell; Turkish: Emrah Çoraman; Ukrainian:Elena V. Godlevska, Igor V. Zagorodniuk;Welsh: Duncan Brown, Jean Matthews.

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Acknowledgements

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List 1. Vernacular names of Europeanbat species in national languages*

Albanian

Barbastela e Lindjes 4#Barbastela e zakonshme 4@Lakuriq nate bishtlirë 5#Lakuriq nate dyngjyrësh 3^Lakuriq nate egjiptian i frutave qLakuriq nate gishtgjatë aLakuriq nate hundëpatkua i Blasius-it uLakuriq nate hundëpatkua i madh rLakuriq nate hundëpatkua i Mehely-it yLakuriq nate hundëpatkua i Mesdheut tLakuriq nate hundëpatkua i vogël eLakuriq nate i Alkatoe-s gLakuriq nate i Bechsteini-it 2!Lakuriq nate Iberian lLakuriq nate i Brandt-it sLakuriq nate i Daubenton-it iLakuriq nate i Geoffroy-it 2)Lakuriq nate i ligatinave oLakuriq nate i Natterer-it kLakuriq nate i Schaub-it ;Lakuriq nate maghrebian 2$Lakuriq nate me mustaqe dLakuriq nate me mustaqe i Armenisë hLakuriq nate me mustaqe i Azisë jLakuriq nate me mustaqe i stepës fLakuriq nate veshgjatë alpin 4^Lakuriq nate veshgjatë i Ballkanit 4(

Lakuriq nate veshgjatë i Hemprich-it 4$Lakuriq nate veshgjatë i hirtë 4*Lakuriq nate veshgjatë i Sardenjës 4&Lakuriq nate veshgjatë i Teneriffae-ve 5)Lakuriq nate veshgjatë i zakonshëm 4%Lakuriq nate veshmiu i madh 2@Lakuriq nate veshmiu i vogël 2#Miniopteri i Schreibers-it 5!Miniopteri ngjyrëzbehtë 5@Noktulë e Azoreve 2*Noktulë e Leisler-it 2&Noktulë e zakonshme 2%Noktulë gjigante 2^Pipistrel i Hanak-it 3!Pipistrel i Kuhl-it 3#Pipistreli i Madeiras 3$Pipistrel i Nathusi-it 3@Pipistrel i Savi-it 3%Pipistreli i varrezave barkzhveshur wPipistrel i zakonshëm 2(Pipistrel xhuxh 3)Serotinë e Anadollit 4)Serotinë e Botta’s 4!Serotinë e Nilson-it 3*Serotinë e zakonshme 3&Serotinë Isabeline 3(

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* List 1 contains vernacular names in each language for all species included in Annex 1 to the EUROBATSAgreement. List 2 (page 66) includes all the national vernacular names, given separately for each of thespecies. A number which follows the name in List 1 corresponds to the number in front of a speciesname in List 2.

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Arabic

hjg2$2#4)5@5#ot4(fqw5)3&er3*3(4#4@s1@2!u4%4!2(3#3$3@3!4^

2)i4*3%4&3)1(5!a2@1&1*3^y2*2%2^2&4$

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Armenian

Ալկաթոյի գիշերաչղջիկ gԱզորական իրիկնաչղջիկ 2*Անապատային երկարականջ 4$Անապատային մաշկեղ 4!Անատոլիական մաշկեղ 4)Անտառային փոքրաչղջիկ 3@Ասիական լայնականջ 4#Արաքսյան գիշերաչղջիկ ;Բեխշտեյնի գիշերաչղջիկ 2!Բեղավոր գիշերաչղջիկ dԲլազիուսի պայտաքիթ* uԲրանդտի գիշերաչղջիկ sԳաճաճ փոքրաչղջիկ 3)Գորշ ականջեղ 4%Գունատ երկարաթև 5@Եգիպտական մեծաչղջիկ qԵռագույն գիշերաչղջիկ 2)Եվրոպական լայնականջ 4@Երկգույն մաշկեղ 3^Թզուկ փոքրաչղջիկ 2(Իբերական գիշերաչղջիկ lԻզաբելլի մաշկեղ 3(Լայնականջ ծալքաշուրթ 5#Լեռնային ականջեղ* 4^Լճակային գիշերաչղջիկ oԿանարյան ականջեղ* 5)Կոլոմբատովիչի ականջեղ 4(Հայկական գիշերաչղջիկ hՀանակի փոքրաչղջիկ 3!Հարավային պայտաքիթ tՀսկա իրիկնաչղջիկ 2^Մադեյրական փոքրաչղջիկ 3$Մաշկեղանման փոքրաչղջիկ 3%Մեհելիի պայտաքիթ yՄերկափոր պարկաթև wՄեծ պայտաքիթ rՄեծ գիշերաչղջիկ 2@Միջերկրածովային գիշերաչղջիկ aՄիջերկրածովային փոքրաչղջիկ 3#

Մոխրագույն ականջեղ* 4*Նատերերի գիշերաչղջիկ kՆեպալյան գիշերաչղջիկ jՆիլսոնի մաշկեղ * 3*Շեկ իրիկնաչղջիկ 2%Ջրային գիշերաչղջիկ* iՍարդինյան ականջեղ 4&Սովորական երկարաթև 5!Սրականջ գիշերաչղջիկ* 2#Տափաստանային գիշերաչղջիկ* fՈՒշաթռիչք մաշկեղ 3&Փյունիկյան գիշերաչղջիկ 2$Փոքր իրիկնաչղջիկ 2&Փոքր պայտաքիթ e

*) Alternative common Armenian bat namesԱվստրիական ականջեղ 4*Բլիթիի գիշերաչղջիկ 2#Դաուբենտոնիի գիշերաչղջիկ iԿովկասյան ականջեղ 4^Հյուսիսային մաշկեղ 3*Միջերկրածովային պայտաքիթ uՆատուզիուսի փոքրաչղջիկ 3@Ոսկեգույն գիշերաչղջիկ fՏեներիֆյան ականջեղ 5)

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19

Azerbaijani

Adi uzunqanad yarasa 5!Ağqarın oxqulaq yarasa 4$Alkato gecə şəbpərəsi 1$Anadolu gönlücəsi 4)Anadolu uzunqanad yarasasi 5@Alp və ya dağ palazqulağı 4^Asiya enliqulağı 4#Avropa enliqulağı 4@Azor axşam yarasası 2*Bexşteyn gecə şəbpərəsi 2!Bığlı gecə şəbpərəsi dBlazius nalburunu uBoz palazqulaq 4*Böyük nalburun rBrandt və ya meşə gecə şəbpərəsi sBükükdodaq enliqulaq 5#Cənub nalburunu tCılpaqqarın məzar yarasası wCırtdan şəbpərə 2(Çöl bığlı gecə şəbpərəsi fDag gönlücəsi 3&Eynəkli və ya Meheli nalburunu yGölməçə gecə şəbpərəsi oGöycə gecə şəbpərəsi hHanaki cırtdan şəbpərəsi 3!İberiya gecə şəbpərəsi lİkirəng gönlücə 3^İri gecə şəbpərəsi 2@İtiqulaq gecə şəbpərəsi 2#İzabel gönlücə 3(Kanar palazqulağı 5)Kicik axşam yarasası 2&Kiçik nalburun eKiçik şəbpərə 3)Kolombatovic palazqulağı 4(Küli şəbpərəsi 3#Kürən axşam yarasası 2%Qonur palazqulaq 4%Maderiya və ya Kanar şəbpərəsi 3$

Meşə şəbpərəsi 3@Misir meyvə yarasası qNatterer gecə şəbpərəsi kNepal gecə şəbpərəsi jNəhəng axşam yarasası 2^Sardiniya palazqulağı 4&Səhra gönlücəsi 4!Savi şəbpərə 3%Siçanqulaq gecə şəbpərəsi 2$Su və ya Dobenton gecə şəbpərəsi iŞaubi gecə şəbpərəsi ;Şimal gönlücəsi 3*Uzunbarmaq gecə şəbpərəsi aÜçrəng gecə şəbpərəsi 2)

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20

Basque

Alcathoe saguzar bibotedun gBaratze-saguzar 3&Baratze-saguzar Isabella 3(Baso-saguzar 4@Bechstein saguzar 2!Belarrihandi alpetar 4^Belarrihandi balkaniar 4(Belarrihandi kanariar 5)Belarrihandi sardiniar 4&Blasius ferra-saguzar uBotta sordino 4!Brandt saguzar sCabrera saguzar lDaubenton saguzar iEkialdeko baso-saguzar 4#Estepako saguzar bibotedun fFerra-saguzar handi rFerra-saguzar mediterraneo tFerra-saguzar txiki eFruitu-saguzar egiptoar qGau-saguzar arrunt 2%Gau-saguzar azoretar 2*Gau-saguzar handi 2^Geoffroy saguzar 2)Hanak pipistrelo 3!Hegoaldeko belarrihandi gris 4*Hemprich belarrihandi 4$Hilobi-saguzar gibelsoil wIparraldeko belarrihandi arre 4%Iparraldeko saguzar 3*Kuhl pipistrelo 3#Leisler gau-saguzar 2&Mehelyi ferra-saguzar yNathusius pipistrelo 3@Natterer saguzar kPipistrelo arrunt 2(Pipistrelo Madeira 3$Pipistrelo mediterraneo 3)Saguzar arratoi-belarri ertain 2#

Saguzar arratoi-belarri handi 2@Saguzar arratoi-belarri mairutar 2$Saguzar bibotedun dSaguzar bibotedun armeniar hSaguzar bibotedun nepaldar jSaguzar buztanluze Europa 5#Saguzar hatz-luze aSaguzar hatz-luze zurbil 5@Saguzar kolore biko 3^Savi saguzar 3%Schaub saguzar ;Schreiber saguzar 5!Serotino sanatoria 4)Urmael-saguzar o

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Common Names of European Bats

21

Belarusian

Вушан альпійскі 4^Вушан балканскі* 4(Вушан буры 4%Вушан канарскі 5)Вушан сардынскі 4&Вушан шэры 4*Вячэрніца азорская 2*Вячэрніца гіганцкая 2^Вячэрніца малая 2&Вячэрніца рудая* 2%Даўгакрыл бледны 5@Даўгакрыл звычайны 5!Кажан анаталійскі 4)Кажан Бота 4!Кажан двухкаляровы 3^Кажан ізабэлавы 3(Кажан паўночны 3*Кажан позні 3&Крылан егіпецкі qМагільнік галабрухі wНачніца Алькатое gНачніца армянская hНачніца азіяцкая jНачніца Бранта sНачніца вадзяная* iНачніца вастравухая 2#Начніца вусатая dНачніца вялікая* 2@Начніца даўгавухая* 2!Начніца даўгапалая aНачніца залацістая fНачніца іберыйская lНачніца Натэрэра kНачніца сажалкавая oНачніца трохкаляровая 2)Начніца фінікійская 2$Начніца Шаўба ;Нетапыр Ганака 3!Нетапыр-карлік 2(

Нетапыр лясны* 3@Нетапыр мадэрскі 3$Нетапыр міжземнаморскі* 3#Нетапыр-пігмей 3)Нетапыр Саві 3%Падкаванос Блазіўса uПадкаванос вялікі rПадкаванос малы eПадкаванос Мегеля yПадкаванос міжземнаморскі tСтрэлавух Хемрыха 4$Тадарыда еўрапейская 5#Шыракавух азіяцкі 4#Шыракавух еўрапейскі 4@

*) Some alternative common Belarusian namesВушан Каламбатовіча 4(Вячэрніца ранняя 2%Начніца Бешхтэйна 2!Начніца Дабентона iНачніца шэрая 2@Нетапыр Куля 3#Нетапыр Натузіўса e

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22

Bosnian

Alpski dugouhi šišmiš 4^Anadolski šišmiš 4)Armenski šišmiš hAzijski brkati šišmiš jAzorski noćni šišmiš 2*Barski šišmiš oBehštajnov šišmiš 2!Blazijev potkovasti šišmiš uBotin šišmiš 4!Brandtov šišmiš sDugoprsti šišmiš aDvobojni šišmiš 3^Egipatski letipas qGolorepi šišmiš 5#Golotrbušni grobni šišmiš wHanakov šišmiš 3!Hemprihov dugouhi šišmiš 4$Iberski šišmiš lIstočni brkati šišmiš fIstočni širokouhi šišmiš 4#Izabelin šišmiš 3(Kanarski dugouhi šišmiš 5)Kaspijski šišmiš ;Kolombatovićev dugouhi šišmiš 4(Kulijev šišmiš 3#Madeirski šišmiš 3$Mali brkati šišmiš dMali mišouhi šišmiš 2#Mali noćni šišmiš* 2&Mali potkovasti šišmiš eMali šišmiš 2(Mediteranski potkovasti šišmiš tMeheljev potkovasti šišmiš yNatererov šišmiš kNatuzijev šišmiš 3@Noćni šišmiš 2%Patuljasti brkati šišmiš gPatuljasti šišmiš 3)Punski šišmiš 2$

Sardinijski dugouhi šišmiš 4&Savijev šišmiš 3%Sivi dugouhi šišmiš 4*Sjeverni šišmiš 3*Smeđi dugouhi šišmiš 4%Širokouhi šišmiš 4@Šrajberov anadolijski šišmiš 5@Šrajberov šišmiš 5!Trobojni šišmiš 2)Veliki kasni šišmiš 3&Veliki mišouhi šišmiš 2@Veliki noćni šišmiš 2^Veliki potkovasti šišmiš rVodeni šišmiš i

*) Alternative common Bosnian nameMali Lajslerov šišmiš 2&

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23

Breton

Barbastell ar Reter 4#Barbastell Europa 4@Frigribell Blasius uFrigribell greizdouarel tFrigribell Mehely yFrigribell vihan eFrigribell vras rGousperell Alkathoe gGousperell aour fGousperell ar geunioù oGousperell ar Magreb 2$Gousperell Armenia hGousperell Bechstein 2!Gousperell Brandt sGousperell Capaccini aGousperell Daubenton iGousperell Escalera lGousperell Geoffroy 2)Gousperell Natterer kGousperell Nepal jGousperell Schaub ;Gousperell skouarnek vihan 2#Gousperell skouarnek vras 2@Gousperell varvek dGousper Savi 3%Logodenn-dall kof noazh ar bezioù wLogodenn-dall rous Egipt qMiniopter Schreibers 5!Miniopter sklaer 5@Molos Cestoni 5#Nozigell an Azorez 2*Nozigell Leisler 2&Nozigell voutin 2%Nozigell vras 2^Pipistrell gorr 3)Pipistrell Kuhl 3#Pipistrell Libia 3@Pipistrell Madeira 3$Pipistrell Nathusius 3!

Pipistrell voutin 2(Serotin Anatolia 4)Serotin Botta 4!Serotin boutin 3&Serotin daouliv 3^Serotin melenwenn 3(Serotin Nilsson 3*Skouarnegell ar Balkanoù* 4(Skouarnegell ar menezioú 4^Skouarnegell c’hris 4*Skouarnegell Hemprich 4$Skouarnegell rous 4%Skouarnegell Sard 4&Skouarnegell Tenerife 5)

*) Alternative common Breton nameSkouarnegelled ar Balkanoù 4(

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24

Bulgarian

Азиатски широкоух прилеп 4#Азорски вечерник 2*Алкатоев нощник gАрменски нощник hБехщайнов нощник 2!Брандтов нощник 1!Булдогов прилеп 5#Воден нощник iГолокоремен прилеп wГолям вечерник 2^Голям нощник 2@Голям подковонос rДвуцветен прилеп 3^Дългопръст нощник aДългоух прилеп на Коломбатович 4(Египетски плодояден прилеп qЕзерен нощник oЗлатист нощник fИберийски нощник lИзабелинов прилеп 3(Канарски дългоух прилеп 5)Кафяв дългоух прилеп 4%Кафяво прилепче 2(Лайслеров (Mалък) вечерник 2&Мадейрско прилепче 3$Магребски нощник 2$Малко кафяво прилепче 3)Малък подковонос eМалоазиатски прилеп 4)Мустакат нощник dНатереров нощник kНатузиево прилепче 3@Непалски нощник jНощник на Шауб ;Остроух нощник 2#Пещерен дългокрил 5!Планински дългоух прилеп 4^Подковонос на Мехели yПолунощен прилеп 3&

Полунощен прилеп на Бот 4!Прилепче на Ханак 3!Пустинен дългоух прилеп 4$Ръждив вечерник 2%Савиево прилепче 3%Сардински дългоух прилеп 4&Северен вечерник 3*Сив дългоух прилеп 4*Средиземноморски подковонос uСредиземноморско прилепче 3#Степен дългокрил прилеп 5@Трицветен нощник 2)Широкоух прилеп 4@Южен подковонос t

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25

Castilian

Barbastela 4@Barbastela oriental 4#Murciélago bicolor 3^Murciélago de borde claro 3#Murciélago de Cabrera 3)Murciélago de cola libre y vientre desnudo wMurciélago de cueva 5!Murciélago de cuevapálido 5@Murciélago de Hanak 3!Murciélago de herradura de Blasius uMurciélago de la fruta egípcio qMurciélago de Madeira 3$Murciélago de Nathusius 3@Murciélago enano 2(Murciélago grande de herradura rMurciélago hortelano 3&Murciélago hortelano anatólico 4)Murciélago hortelano de Botta 4!Murciélago hortelano norteño 3*Murciélago hortelano pardo 3(Murciélago mediano de herradura yMurciélago mediterráneo de herradura tMurciélago montañero 3%Murciélago pequeño de herradura eMurciélago rabudo 5#Murciélago ratonero bigotudo dMurciélago ratonero bigotudo armenio hMurciélago ratonero bigotudo asiático jMurciélago ratonero bigotudo de Alcathoe gMurciélago ratonero bigotudo de las estepas fMurciélago ratonero de Brandt sMurciélago ratonero de Natterer kMurciélago ratonero de Schaub ;Murciélago ratonero forestal 2!Murciélago ratonero grande 2@Murciélago ratonero ibérico lMurciélago ratonero lagunero oMurciélago ratonero mediano 2#Murciélago ratonero moruno 2$

Murciélago ratonero pardo 2)Murciélago ratonero patudo aMurciélago ratonero ribereño iNóctulo de Azores 2*Nóctulo grande 2^Nóctulo mediano 2%Nóctulo pequeño 2&Orejudo alpino 4^Orejudo balcánico 4(Orejudo canario 5)Orejudo de Hemprich 4$Orejudo dorado 4%Orejudo gris 4*Orejudo sardo 4&

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26

Catalan

Nòctul de les Azores 2*Nòctul gegant 2^Nòctul gros 2%Nòctul petit 2&Orellut alpí 4^Orellut balcànic 4(Orellut canari 5)Orellut daurat 4%Orellut d'Hemprich 4$Orellut gris 4*Orellut sard 4&Pipistrel·la comuna 2(Pipistrel·la de Hanak 3!Pipistrel·la de Madeira 3$Pipistrel·la de Nathusius 3@Pipistrel·la de vores clares 3#Pipistrel·la nana 3)Ratpenat argentat 3^Ratpenat cuallarg 5#Ratpenat d'aigua iRatpenat de Bechstein 2!Ratpenat de bigotis dRatpenat de bigotis armeni hRatpenat de bigotis asiàtic jRatpenat de bigotis de Brandt sRatpenat de bigotis d'estepa fRatpenat de bigotis petit gRatpenat de bosc 4@Ratpenat de bosc oriental 4#Ratpenat de cova 5!Ratpenat de cova pàllid 5@Ratpenat de ferradura de Blasius uRatpenat de ferradura gran rRatpenat de ferradura mediterrani tRatpenat de ferradura mitjà yRatpenat de ferradura petit eRatpenat dels estanys oRatpenat dels graners 3&Ratpenat dels graners anatoli 4)

Ratpenat dels graners de Botta 4!Ratpenat dels graners meridional 3(Ratpenat dels graners nòrdic 3*Ratpenat de peus grans aRatpenat de tomba de carpó nu wRatpenat d'orelles dentades 2)Ratpenat egipci qRatpenat gris kRatpenat gris de Schaub ;Ratpenat gris ibèric lRatpenat muntanyenc 3%Ratpenat rater africà 2$Ratpenat rater gros 2@Ratpenat rater mitjà 2#

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27

Croatian

Anatolski noćnjak 4)Armenski brkati šišmiš 1%Azijski brkati šišmiš 1^Azorski večernjak 2*Bjelorubi šišmiš 3#Blazijev potkovnjak uBliskoistočni dugokrili pršnjak 5@Bottin noćnjak 4!Brandtov šišmiš sBrkati šišmiš dDugokrili pršnjak 5!Dugonogi šišmiš aDvobojni šišmiš 3^Egipatski plodojedi šišmiš qGolotrbi grobni šišmiš wGorski dugoušan 4^Hanakov patuljasti šišmiš 3!Hemprichov dugouhi šišmiš 4$Iberski resasti šišmiš lIstočni širokouhi mračnjak 4#Izabelin noćnjak 3(Južni potkovnjak tKanarski dugoušan 5)Kasni noćnjak 3&Kolombatovićev dugouša 4(Madeirski mali šišmiš 3$Mali brkati šišmiš gMali potkovnjak eMali šumski šišmiš 3@Mali večernjak 2&Meheljev potkovnjak yMočvarni patuljasti šišmiš 3)Močvarni šišmiš oOštrouhi šišmiš 2#Patuljasti šišmiš 2(Primorski brkati šišmiš fPrimorski šišmiš 3%Rani večernjak 2%Resasti šišmiš k

Riđi šišmiš 2)Riječni šišmiš iSardinijski dugoušan 4&Schaubov resasti šišmiš ;Sivi dugoušan 4*Sjeverni noćnjak 3*Sjevernoafrički oštrouhi šišmiš 2$Smeđi dugoušan 4%Sredozemni slobodnorepac 5#Širokouhi mračnjak 4@Veliki potkovnjak rVeliki šišmiš 2@Veliki večernjak 2^Velikouhi šišmiš 2!

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28

Czech

Ďasík černý* 4@Ďasík himalájský* 4#Hrobkovec lysobřichý* wKaloň egyptský qLétavec evropský* 5!Létavec perský 5@Morous evropský* 5#Netopýr Alkathoe* gNetopýr anatolský 4)Netopýr arménský hNetopýr azorský 2*Netopýr Bottův 4!Netopýr Brandtův sNetopýr brvitý 2)Netopýr dlouhonohý aNetopýr Hanákův* 3!Netopýr hvízdavý 2(Netopýr jižní 3#Netopýr makaronéský 3$Netopýr nejmenší 3)Netopýr obrovský 2^Netopýr ostrouchý 2#Netopýr parkový 3@Netopýr pestrý 3^Netopýr pobřežní oNetopýr punský 2$Netopýr rezavý 2%Netopýr řasnatý kNetopýr saviův 3%Netopýr Schaubův ;Netopýr severní 3*Netopýr stromový 2&Netopýr středoasijský jNetopýr španělský lNetopýr tripolitánský 3(Netopýr večerní 3&Netopýr velkouchý 2!Netopýr velký 2@Netopýr vodní i

Netopýr vousatý dNetopýr zlatistý fUšan balkánský* 4(Ušan hnědý* 4%Ušan horský* 4^Ušan kanárský* 5)Ušan pustinný* 4$Ušan sardinský* 4&Ušan šedý* 4*Vrápenec Blasiův uVrápenec jižní tVrápenec malý eVrápenec Mehelyův yVrápenec velký r

*) Some alternative common Czech namesLétavec stĕhovavý 5!Netopýr alpský 4^Netopýr balkánský 4(Netopýr černý 4@Netopýr dlouhouchý 4*Netopýr kanáraský 5)Netopýr kyrénský 3)Netopýr lysobřichý wNetopýr menší gNetopýr pustinný 4$Netopýr sardinský 4&Netopýr skalní 4#Netopýr ušatý 4%Tadarida evropská 5@

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29

Danish

Alpelangøre 4^Anatolsk langfingerflagermus 5@Anatolsk sydflagermus 4)Armensk frynseflagermus ;Armensk skægflagermus hAsiatisk skægflagermus jAzorflagermus 2*Balkanlangøre 4(Bechsteins flagermus 2!Blasius’hestekonæse uBottas sydflagermus 4!Brandts flaggermus sBrunflagermus 2%Brun Langøre 4%Capaccinis flagermus aDamflagermus oDværgflagermus 3)Egyptisk flyvehund qEuropæisk bulldogflagermus 5#Frynseflagermus kGeoffroys flagermus 2)Grå langøre 4*Hanaks flagermus 3!Iberisk frynseflagermus lIsabellasydflagermus 3(Kanarielangøre 5)Kuhls flagermus 3#Leislers flagermus 2&Lille hestekonæse eLille museøre 2#Madeiraflagermus 3$Mahgreb museøre 2$Mehelys hestekonæse yMiddelhavehestekonæse tNordflagermus 3*Nympheflagermus gNøgenrumpet gravflagermus wPipistrelflagermus 2(Sardisk langøre 4&

Savis flagermus 3%Schreibers’ langfingerflagermus 5!Skimmelflagermus 3^Skægflagermus dSteppeskægflagermus fStor brunflagermus 2^Stor hestekonæse rStor museøre 2@Storøret flagermus 4$Sydflagermus 3&Troldflagermus 3@Vandflagermus iVestlig bredøret flagermus 4@Østlig bredøret flagermus 4#

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Dutch

Alpengrootoorvleermuis 4^Anatolische laatvlieger 4)Anatolische langvleugelvleermuis 5@Armeense baardvleermuis hAziatische baarvleermuis jAzoren rosse vleermuis 2*Baardvleermuis dBalkangrootoorvleermuis 4(Bechsteinsvleermuis 2!Blasius’ hoefijzerneus uBosvleermuis 2&Botta’s vleermuis 4!Brandts vleermuis sCanarische grootoorvleermuis 5)Capaccini’s vleermuis aEuropese bulvleermuis 5#Fenicische vale vleermuis 2$Franjestaart kGewone dwergvleermuis 2(Gewone grootoorvleermuis 4%Grote hoefijzerneus rGrote rosse vleermuis 2^Grijze grootoorvleermuis 4*Hanaks dwergvleermuis 3!Iberische franjestaart lIngekorven vleermuis 2)Isabelvleermuis 3(Kaalbuikgrafvleermuis wKleine dwergvleermuis 3)Kleine hoefijzerneus eKleine vale vleermuis 2#Kuhls dwergvleermuis 3#Laatvlieger 3&Madeira dwergvleermuis 3$Meervleermuis oMehely’s hoefijzerneus yNimfvleermuis gNoordse vleermuis 3*Nijlrousette q

Oostelijke mopsvleermuis 4#Paarse hoefijzerneus tRosse vleermuis 2%Ruige dwergvleermuis 3@Sardijnse grootoorvleermuis 4&Savi’s dwergvleermuis 3%Schaubs vleermuis ;Schreibers’ vleermuis 5!Steppebaardvleermuis fTweekleurige vleermuis 3^Vale vleermuis 2@Watervleermuis iWestelijke mopsvleermuis 4@Woestijngrootoorvleermuis 4$

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English

Alcathoe Whiskered Bat gAlpine Long-eared Bat 4^Anatolian Bent-winged Bat 5@Anatolian Serotine Bat 4)Armenian Whiskered Bat hAsiatic Whiskered Bat jAzorean Noctule Bat 2*Balkan Long-eared Bat 4(Bechstein’s Bat 2!Blasius’s Horseshoe Bat uBotta’s Serotine Bat 4!Brandt’s Bat sBrown Long-eared Bat 4%Canary Long-eared Bat 5)Common Pipistrelle Bat 2(Daubenton’s Bat iEastern Barbastelle Bat 4#Egyptian Fruit Bat qEuropean Free-tailed Bat 5#Geoffroy’s Bat 2)Greater Horseshoe Bat rGreater Mouse-eared Bat 2@Greater Noctule Bat 2^Grey Long-eared Bat 4*Hanak’s Pipistrelle 3!Hemprich’s Long-eared Bat 4$Iberian Natterer’s Bat lIsabelline Serotine Bat 3(Kuhl’s Pipistrelle Bat 3#Leisler’s Bat 2&Lesser Horseshoe Bat eLesser Mouse-eared Bat 2#Long-fingered Bat aMadeiran Pipistrelle Bat 3$Maghrebian Mouse-eared Bat 2$Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat tMehely’s Horseshoe Bat yNaked-rumped Tomb Bat wNathusius’s Pipistrelle Bat 3@

Natterer’s Bat kNoctule Bat 2%Northern Bat 3*Parti-coloured Bat 3^Pond Bat oSardinian Long-eared Bat 4&Savi’s Pipistrelle Bat 3%Schaub’s Bat ;Schreibers’s Bent-winged Bat 5!Serotine Bat 3&Soprano Pipistrelle Bat 3)Steppe Whiskered Bat fWestern Barbastelle Bat 4@Whiskered Bat d

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Estonian

Aasia laikõrv 4#Alpi nahkhiir 3%Alpi suurkõrv 4^Anatoolia nahkhiir 4)Assoori videvlane 2*Balkani suurkõrv 4(Egiptuse öötiibur qEuroopa kurdmokk 5#Euroopa laikõrv 4@Euroopa pikktiib 5!Habelendlane dHall-suurkõrv 4*Hele-sagarnina uHiidvidevlane 2^Hilis-nahkhiir 3&Hõbe-nahkhiir 3^Ibeeria nahkhiir 3(Kanaari suurkõrv 5)Kataloonia lendlane lKuldlendlane fKõrbe-nahkhiir 4!Kääbus-nahkhiir 2(Liibüa nahkhiir 3!Lõunalendlane 2#Madeira nahkhiir 3$Meheli sagarnina yNattereri lendlane kNepaali lendlane jOjalendlane gPaljaskõht-kääpanahkhiir wPargi-nahkhiir 3@Pikkjalg-lendlane aPikkkõrv-lendlane 2!Pruun-suurkõrv 4%Põhja-nahkhiir 3*Pärsia lendlane ;Pärsia pikktibb 5@Pügmee-nahkhiir 3)Ripslendlane 2)

Sardiinia suurkõrv 4&Sevani lendlane hSuur-sagarnina rSuurlendlane 2@Suur-teravkõrv 4$Suurvidevlane 2%Tiigilendlane oTõmmulendlane sVahemere lendlane 2$Vahemere nahkhiir 3#Vahemere sagarnina tVeelendlane iVäike-sagarnina eVäikevidevlane 2&

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Finnish

Aavikkolepakko 4$Anatolianserotiini 4)Armenianviiksisiippa hArohautalepakko wAzorienisolepakko 2*Balkaninkorvayökkö 4(Balkaninviiksisiippa fDoggilepakko 5#Etelänlepakko 3&Euroopanisoherkko rEuroopanpikkuherkko eHarmaakorvayökkö 4*Hiirenkorvasiippa 2#Iberiansiippa lIdänmopsilepakko 4#Isolepakko 2%Isosiippa 2@Isoviisisiippa sKanariankorvayökkö 5)Kapearäpyläpiippa 3#Kaukasuksenkorvayökkö 4^Kaukasuksensiippa ;Kaukasuksenviiksisippa jKimolepakko 3^Korvasiippa 2!Korvayökkö 4%Kääpiölepakko 3)Lampisisiippa oLibyanlepakko 3!Madeiranpiippa 3$Metsälepakko 2&Mopsilepakko 4@Pikkulepakko 3@Pikkuviiksisiippa gPitkäsiipiyökkö 5!Pitkäsormisiippa aPohjanlepakko 3*Ripsisiippa kRonkko q

Ruskosiippa 2)Rusoisolepakko 2^Sardiniankorvayökkö 4&Täpläherkko yTunisiansiippa 2$Turkinpitkäsormi 5@Turkinserotiini 4!Vaaleaetelänlepakko 3(Vaaleaherkko uVaivaislepakko 2(Vesisiippa iViiksisiippa dVuoristopiippa 3%Välimerenherkko t

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French

Barbastelle asiatique 4#Barbastelle d'Europe 4@Grande noctule 2^Grand murin 2@Grand rhinolophe rMinioptère de Schreibers 5!Minioptère pale 5@Molosse de Cestoni 5#Murin à moustaches dMurin à oreilles échancrées 2)Murin d'Alcathoe gMurin d'Arménie hMurin de Bechstein 2!Murin de Brandt sMurin de Capaccini aMurin de Daubenton iMurin de Natterer kMurin d'Escalera lMurin de Schaub ;Murin des marais oMurin doré fMurin du Maghreb 2$Murin du Népal jNoctule commune 2%Noctule de Leisler 2&Noctule des Açores 2*Oreillard des Balkans 4(Oreillard de Tenerife 5)Oreillard d'Hemprich 4$Oreillard montagnard 4^Oreillard gris 4*Oreillard roux 4%Oreillard sarde 4&Petit murin 2#Petit rhinolophe ePipistrelle commune 2(Pipistrelle de Kuhl 3#Pipistrelle de Libye 3!Pipistrelle de Madère 3$

Pipistrelle de Nathusius 3@Pipistrelle pygmée 3)Rhinolophe de Blasius uRhinolophe de Méhely yRhinolophe euryale tRoussette d'Egypte qSérotine commune 3&Sérotine d'Anatolie 4)Sérotine de Botta 4!Sérotine de Nilsson 3*Sérotine isabelle 3(Taphien à ventre nu wVespertilion bicolore 3^Vespère de Savi 3%

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Frisian

Alpengrutearflearmûs 4^Anatoalyske langwjukflearmûs 5@Anatoalyske lette flearmûs 4)Armeenske burdflearmûs hAziatyske burdflearmûs jAzoaren reade flearmûs 2*Balkangrutearflearmûs 4(Bechsteins flearmûs 2!Blasius' hoefizernoas uBoskflearmûs 2&Botta's lette flearmûs 4!Brandts flearmûs sBurdflearmûs dFranjesturt kGrize grutearflearmûs 4*Grutearflearmûs 4%Grutfuottige flearmûs aGrutte hoefizernoas rGrutte reade flearmûs 2^Hanaks dwerchflearmûs 3!Ibearyske franjesturt lIsabelkleurde lette flearmûs 3(Kanaryske grutearflearmûs 5)Kealbûktimpelflearmûs wLette flearmûs 3&Lytse alpenflearmûs 3%Lytse dwerchflearmûs 3)Lytse flearmûs 2(Lytse hoefizernoas eLytse mûsearflearmûs 2#Madeira dwerchflearmûs 3$Maghreb mûsearflearmûs 2$Marflearmûs oMehely’s hoefizernoas yMuskusbulflearmûs 5#Mûsearflearmûs 2@Nimfflearmûs gNoardske flearmûs 3*Nylrûsette q

Oastlike breedearflearmûs 4#Pearse hoefizernoas tReade flearmûs 2%Rûge lytse flearmûs 3@Sardynske grutearflearmûs 4&Schaubs franjesturt ;Schreibers’ langwjukflearmûs 5!Steppeburdflearmûs fTwakleurige flearmûs 3^Westlike breedearflearmûs 4@Wetterflearmûs iWoastyngrutearflearmûs 4$Wytrâne dwerchflearmûs 3#Ynsnijde flearmûs 2)

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Galician

Morcego anano 3)Morcego bigotudo dMorcego bigotudo armenio hMorcego bigotudo asiático jMorcego bigotudo da estepa fMorcego bigotudo de Brandt sMorcego bigotudo pequeno gMorcego común 2(Morcego das covas 5!Morcego das fragas 4@Morcego das fragas oriental 4#Morcego das hortas 3&Morcego das hortas da Anatolia 4)Morcego das hortas de Botta 4!Morcego das hortas meridional 3(Morcego das hortas norteño 3*Morcego das lagoas oMorcego de Bechstein 2!Morcego de borde claro 3#Morcego de cova esbrancuxado 5@Morcego de dúas cores 3^Morcego de ferradura de Blasius uMorcego de ferradura grande rMorcego de ferradura mediano yMorcego de ferradura mediterráneo tMorcego de ferradura pequeño eMorcego de Hanak 3!Morcego de Madeira 3$Morcego de Nathusius 3@Morcego de orellas fendidas 2)Morcego de pés grandes aMorcego de río iMorcego de tumba de cú espido wMorcego exipcio qMorcego gris kMorecego gris de Schaub ;Morcego gris ibérico lMorcego montañeiro 3%Morcego rabudo 5#

Morcego rateiro africano 2$Morcego rateiro grande 2@Morcego rateiro pequeno 2#Nóctulo das Azores 2*Nóctulo mediano 2%Nóctulo pequeno 2&Nóctulo xigante 2^Orelludo alpino 4^Orelludo balcánico 4(Orelludo canario 5)Orelludo de Hemprich 4$Orelludo dourado 4%Orelludo gris 4*Orelludo sardo r

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Georgian

აზორული მეღამურა 2*ალკათოეს მღამიობი gანატოლიური მეგვიანე 4)აღმოსავლური მაჩქათელა* 4#ბლასის ცხვირნალა uბრანდტის მღამიობი sგიგანტური მეღამურა 2^გრძელყურა მღამიობი* 2!გუბურის მღამიობი oდიდი მღამიობი 2@დიდი ცხვირნალა rეგვიპტური მფრინავი ძაღლი qევროპული მაჩქათელა 4@ევროპული ტადარიდა 5#ესკალერას მღამიობი lველის ფრთაგრძელი. 5@კავკასიური ყურა 4^კანარიული ყურა 5)კაპაჩინის მღამიობი aკოლომბატოვიჩის ყურა 4(მადეირული ღამორი 3$მაღრიბული მღამიობი 2$მეჰელის ცხვირნალა* yმცირე მეღამურა 2&მცირე ცხვირნალა eნაცრისფერი ყურა 4*ნეპალური მღამიობი jოქროსფერი მღამიობი fპაწია ღამორი 3)რუხი ყურა 4%სავის ღამორი 3%სამფერი მღამიობი 2)სამხრეთული ცხვირნალა tსარდინიუღი ყურა 4&სომხური მღამიობი hტყის მეგვიანე 3(ტყის მღამიობი* kტყის ღამორი* 3@უდაბნოს მეგვიანე 4!

ულვაშა მღამიობი dყურწვეტა მღამიობი * 2#შაუბის მღამიობი ;შიშველმუცელა ქარქაშკუდა wჩვეულებრივი მეგვიანე 3&ჩვეულებრივი ფრთაგრძელი 5!ჩვეულებრივი ღამურა 3^ჩრდილოური მეგვიანე 3*წითური მეღამურა 2%წყლის მღამიობი iხმელთაშუაზღვიური ღამორი* 3#ჯუჯა ღამორი 2(ჰანაკის ღამორი 3!ჰემპრიხის ისარყურა 4$

*) Some alternative common Georgian namesაზიური მაჩქათელა 4#ბეხშტეინის მღამიობი 2!წვეტყურა მღამიობი 2#კულის ღამორი 3#ნათუსიუსის ღამორი 3@ნატერერის მღამიობი kსათვალეებიანი ცხვირნალა y

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German

Abendsegler 2%Alpenfledermaus 3%Alpen-Langohr 4^Armenische Bartfledermaus hAsiatische Mopsfledermaus 4#Azoren-Abendsegler 2*Balkan-Langohr 4(Bartfledermaus dBechsteinfledermaus 2!Blasius-Hufeisennase uBottas Fledermaus 4!Brandtfledermaus sBraunes Langohr 4%Breitflügelfledermaus 3&Europäische Bulldoggfledermaus 5#Fransenfledermaus kGraues Langohr 4*Große Hufeisennase rHanaks Zwergfledermaus 3!Iberische Fransenfledermaus lIsabellfledermaus 3(Kanaren-Langohr 5)Kleinabendsegler 2&Kleine Hufeisennase eKleines Mausohr 2#Küstenfledermaus 4)Langflügelfledermaus 5!Langfußfledermaus aMadeira-Fledermaus 3$Mausohr 2@Mehely-Hufeisennase yMittelmeer-Hufeisennase tMopsfledermaus 4@Mückenfledermaus 4@Nacktbäuchige Tempelfledermaus wNepal-Bartfledermaus jNilflughund qNordfledermaus 3*Nymphenfledermaus g

Punisches Mausohr 2$Rauhhautfledermaus 3@Riesenabendsegler 2^Sardisches Langohr 4&Schaubs Fledermaus ;Steppen-Bartfledermaus fSteppen-Langflügelfledermaus 5@Teichfledermaus oWasserfledermaus iWeißrandfledermaus 3#Wimperfledermaus 2)Wüsten-Großohr 4$Zweifarbfledermaus 3^Zwergfledermaus 2(

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Greek

Αιγυπτιακή φρουτονυχτερίδα qΑσιατική μουστακονυχτερίδα jΑσιατική τρανονυχτερίδα 4!Ασιατικός Μπαρμπαστέλλος 4#Άτριχη ταφονυχτερίδα wΒουνονυχτερίδα 3%Δασύκνημη μυωτίδα oΙβηρική μυωτίδα lΚαφέ ωτονυχτερίδα 4%Λευκονυχτερίδα 3#Μεγάλος νυκτοβάτης 2^Μεσογειακή ωτονυχτερίδα 4(Μεσορινόλοφος tΜικρομυωτίδα 2#Μικρονυκτοβάτης 2&Μικρονυχτερίδα 3)Μικρορινόλοφος eΜουστακονυχτερίδα dΜουστακονυχτερίδα της Αρμενίας hΜπαρμπαστέλλος 4@Μυωτίδα της Αλκαθόης gΜυωτίδα του Bechstein 2!Μυωτίδα του Brandt sΜυωτίδα του Daubenton iΜυωτίδα του Natterer kΜυωτίδα του Καυκάσου ;Νανονυχτερίδα 2(Νανονυχτερίδα του Hanak 3!Νυκτοβάτης 2%Νυκτοβάτης των Αζόρων 2*Νυχτερίδα του Nathusius 3@Νυχτερίδας της Μαδέρας 3$Νυχτονόμος 5#Ορεινή ωτονυχτερίδα 4^Παρδαλονυχτερίδα 3^Ποδαρομυωτίδα aΠτερυγονυχτερίδα 5!Πυρρομυωτίδα 2)Ρινόλοφος του Blasius u

Ρινόλοφος του Mehely yΣταχτιά ωτονυχτερίδα 4*Στεπομυωτίδα fΤρανομυωτίδα 2@Τρανομυωτίδα της Καρχηδόνας 2$Τρανονυχτερίδα 3&Τρανονυχτεριδα της Ανατολίας 4)Τρανονυχτερίδα του βορρά 3*Τρανορινόλοφος rΩτονυχτερίδα της ερήμου 4$Ωτονυχτερίδα της Σαρδηνίας 4&Ωτονυχτερίδα της Τενερίφης 5)Ωχρή πτερυγονυχτερίδα 5@Ωχρή τρανονυχτερίδα 3(

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Hebrew

3!3$3@3%3^t