outline - telsoc · 4/28/2015 · mobile cellular small cells macrocells using 700mhz out to 35km...
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 1
National Broadband Network
by Dr Mark A Gregory FIEAust, SMIEEE
A nation building project
Outline
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 2
1 National Broadband Network
2 Technologies
3 Alternate Technologies
4 NBN related issues
5 Universal Service
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 2
National Broadband Network
There can be no greater goal today, for this nation, than to strive to
become a leader in the global digital economy and when this is
achieved to maintain this position in the decades to come.
A National Broadband Network that utilises FTTP, Wireless and
Satellite to connect Australians to the NBN is an instrumental
requirement if this nation is to succeed.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 3
History
NBN I – 2007 - FTTN
NBN II – 2009 – FTTP 93%, wireless+satellite 7%
NBN III – 2014 – FTTN, FTTdp, HFC, FTTP,
wireless+satellite
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 4
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 3
What is the NBN really about?
The NBN is about more than connection speed.
• Connection speed
• Capacity – NBN, national and international
• Traffic Class Management
• Congestion – peak hour
• Staying ahead of our competitors – global digital economy
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 5
Definitions
CIR – Committed Information Rate defines a level of data throughput for
which service frames are delivered according to the performance
objectives of the applicable traffic class.
PIR – Peak Information Rate is defined as the maximum data throughput
that may be delivered by the service. Note that traffic capacity in excess
of the CIR and within the PIR will be carried through the NBN Co
Network without any performance objectives. Traffic that exceeds the
PIR will be discarded at ingress to the NBN Co Network.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 6
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 4
Definitions - Costs
“Access Virtual Circuit” (AVC), which identifies a customers traffic within the NBN – AVC is
one cost
Access Seekers purchase a “Connectivity Virtual Circuit” (CVC) for each Connectivity
Serving Area they wish to cover. The CVC is essentially a bandwidth pipe, the size
determined by the cost. The larger the CVC, the better the service to subscribers within the
Connectivity Serving Area – CVC is another cost
Access Seekers connect to NBN PoIs and there is a monthly charge for every PoI
connection and an initial one off charge for every PoI connection
And now there are green field and Fibre on Demand costs
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 7
Technologies
Fixed Line
Fixed Wireless
Satellite
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 8
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 5
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 9
121 Points of Interconnect
Transit
Minimum of two backhaul
providers at each PoI
At some PoI backhaul
providers are Telstra and
government
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 10
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 6
Fibre
Source: Schink, H.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 11
Long Reach PON
Source: R Ram, MIT
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 12
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 7
PON Trends
Source: Kani and Davey, NTT
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 13
Passive Optical Network – Active Architecture
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 14
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 8
Network Termination Unit
Source: Alcatel Lucent
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 15
Property Connection Point
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 16
http://www.computerworld.com.au/article/352822/coming_wall_near_meet_nbn_ont
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 9
Distribution Network
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 17
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 18
http://www.nbnco.com.au/wps/wcm/connect/80c0d68043a2015c8d09fdc5166da634/Network_and_Operations_Information_Session_Presentation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=80c0d68043a2015c8d09fdc5166da634
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 10
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 19
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 20
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 11
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 21
Point of Interconnect to Premises
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 22
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 12
Cabinet and pit
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 23
Copper Advances
But the length gets shorter and
shorter and shorter….
Source: newelectronics
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 24
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 13
FTTN with VDSL2
Source: AT&T
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 25
VDSL2 Vectoring
Copper pairs from one cable cannot be connected to different ISAM
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 26
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 14
FTTdp Architecture
Source: itNews
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 27
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 28
http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=-_2_LwonzguB_M&tbnid=OGnVBnOFz-RQDM:&ved=0CAgQjRw&url=http://www.itnews.com.au/News/348820,copper-broadband-beats-1gbps-speeds-in-trial.aspx&ei=K9cOVIuSNpX48AWC04CIAQ&psig=AFQjCNHrNbK61KY95mZ63CXUJNfsWC0y6Q&ust=1410345131994393
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 15
Hybrid Fibre Coax
Source: linebroker.co.uk
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 29
Fixed Wireless Block Diagram
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 30
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 16
Fixed Wireless
2.3 GHz spectrum – not as good as 700 MHz for regional
use
http://web.acma.gov.au/pls/radcom/client_search.client_lookup?pCLIENT_NO=1104329
http://web.acma.gov.au/pls/radcom/client_search.client_lookup?pCLIENT_NO=8129031
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 31
Fixed Wireless eNodeB Base Station
Each eNodeB has three sectors and is sited according to a site specific radio
coverage plan to provide optimised coverage.
Each sector supports on average 60 premises, with an approximate CIR for the
eNodeB of 100Mbps.
• 3 RF Antennae
• GPS Antenna
• Remote Radio Unit
• Digital Baseband Unit
• Power Supply
• Battery Backup
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 32
http://web.acma.gov.au/pls/radcom/client_search.client_lookup?pCLIENT_NO=1104329http://web.acma.gov.au/pls/radcom/client_search.client_lookup?pCLIENT_NO=1104329http://web.acma.gov.au/pls/radcom/client_search.client_lookup?pCLIENT_NO=8129031http://web.acma.gov.au/pls/radcom/client_search.client_lookup?pCLIENT_NO=8129031
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 17
Fixed Wireless Microwave Transit
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 33
Fixed Wireless Aggregation
The three sectors of an eNodeB (maximum of 180 end users) typically
provide an aggregated CIR throughout of approximately 100 Mbps. This
determines the Microwave Transport backhaul capacity required.
The maximum bandwidth planned for the Microwave Hub Site back to a FAN
site is 900Mbps, allowing for the aggregation of up to 8 eNodeBs, with a
maximum of 1440 end users.
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 34
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 18
Fixed Wireless Serving Area
The largest WSA will have up to 24 WSAM connecting to
a FAN.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 35
Fixed Wireless Access Aggregation Region
The third module is the Access Aggregation Region (AAR). The
wireless area served by a single POI is an AAR. The maximum
number of WSAs in an AAR is determined by the number of FANs
that connect back to the POI. For the purposes of wireless
dimensioning, the size of an AAR is based on the maximum number
of end users, rather than the maximum number of WSAs, with a
maximum of 25000 end users in an AAR.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 36
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 19
Satellite Block Diagram
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 37
Satellite NTD
The ODU key components include: • Parabolic satellite terminal antenna
• Ka-Band VSAT transceiver
• Interface to the IDU
The IDU key components include: • 4 UNI-D ports,
• Layer 2 Ethernet Switch
• Embedded Transparent Performance Enhancing Proxy (TPEP) software client
• Interface to the ODU
A standard AC power supply is used to power the IDU and through that the ODU
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 38
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 20
Satellites
NBN Co is building two, multi-spot beam, geostationary, "bent-pipe”, Ka-band,
telecommunications satellites for the Satellite Access Solution with the following
characteristics:
Two satellites to enable service redundancy and load balancing of users.
Multi-spot beam design on each satellite enabling 70Gbps forward path and
20Gbps return path system capacity to best support the regional and remote
Australian population and utilise the optimum broadband user experience from
the amount of RF spectrum available.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 39
Satellite Spot Beams
Source: NBN Co
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 40
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 21
Satellite RF Gateways
To achieve the optimum RFGW trunk link performance, the following design criteria are optimised:
• Maximum gateway to gateway geographical separation,
• Location of gateways away from projected user high density areas,
• Services available at gateway locations (highly reliable power, transit network connectivity,
ACMA TX and RX license approvals, Australian security agency approvals, etc)
• Gateway to User beam RF interference characteristics
• Frequency and polarity reuse strategy for gateway and user beams,
• the satellite’s antenna specifications and RF filter design capabilities, and
• the VSAT system’s advanced RF channel adaptive power management and modulation
schemes.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 41
Spectrum and Orbital Slots
RFGW to Satellite Uplink 27.0 – 28.5 GHz
Satellite to VSAT Downlink 17.7 ‐18.2 GHz, 18.8 ‐19.3 GHz and 19.7 ‐ 20.2 GHz
VSAT to Satellite Uplink 28.5 – 29.1 GHz
Satellite to RFGW Downlink 18.2‐ 18.8 GHz
RF Auto Tracking Downlink 29.5 – 29.54 GHz
Uplink Power Control 19.3 – 19.35 GHz
Designed to operate at the orbital slots of 140 deg E and 145 deg E.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 42
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 22
Trends
Private operator licenses for spectrum are available
ABS: Aussies spend about 13 hours per week watching
Television
For a household with Netflix and a 4K Ultra HD TV a 500-
600 GB per month plan is recommended
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 43
Nielsen
What do we need
and when?
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 44
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 23
HFC Trend
Utilise existing HFC
What happens after
DOCSIS 3.1?
Total upgrade cost is
unknown
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 45
Alternate Technologies
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 46
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 24
Telco and Community Wi-Fi
NBN should include Wi-Fi, two ATA and 4 Data Ports in NTD
Source: Telstra
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 47
Mobile Cellular
2020 – 5G
But handsets will support UHD
Congestion still an issue, so Wi-Fi
data handoff is important.
Source: Bilodeau, JDSU
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 48
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 25
Mobile Cellular Small Cells Macrocells using 700MHz out to 35km cell size – shared towers?
Small cells for high user numbers – size of cell depends on frequency and transmit power
pico (200m) femtocells (10-30m)
Installation Operator Customer
Transmission to
operators network Operator Customer
Frequency Centrally planned Locally determined
Site rental Operator Customer
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 49
Telstra RF Network
Significant national RF microwave
network
In some areas being decommissioned
Can this network be incorporated into
the NBN to provide additional 100
Mbps links for various local wireless
solutions?
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 50
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 26
Self-Install Fibre
FTTdp provides options
Self-install fibre kits available for premises to pits
FTTdp supports G.Fast as an alternative
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 51
NBN related issues
Telstra – wholesale and retail – should Telstra be split?
Legislation and Regulation
Multi-Technology Mix (FTTP, FTTB, FTTdp, FTTN, HFC, Fixed Wireless, Satellite)
Construction
Backhaul charges
Universal service
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 52
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 27
What went wrong?
Telstra was privatised as one entity – is this the greatest anti-competitive arrangement
in Australian history?
Labor had the right idea, but the wrong implementation
Threatened Telstra with no access to spectrum auction to get 2011 NBN agreement
and 2012 SSU and put in place government owned NBN Co.
Should have forced Telstra to own and operate NBN Co from the outset. NBN Co
would absorb the rest of Telstra wholesale as the SSU was implemented between
2010 and 2020. In 2020 NBN Co to be separated from Telstra retail in a two for one
share issue.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 53
Teething problems and delays
1. Telstra agreement
2. Telstra Asbestos +
construction interaction
Source: NBN Co and Rod Tucker
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 54
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 28
Caused this
At least a one year delay on initial
projections. But worse was to
come in early 2013 before the
rollout finally gathered steam just
in time for the September
election.
Source: NBN Co and Rod Tucker
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 55
Yet another delay
The second Telstra agreement caused another 18-24
month delay
And increased the cost of the project significantly over a
30 year life time
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 56
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 29
Failed project?
On Aug 21 iiNet CEO Mr Buckingham said he was “furious”
about the national broadband network’s slow rollout and
delayed renegotiations with Telstra.
“NBN needs to get on with the rollout because we’re sick of
waiting. They really need to start unleashing the plan they
keep putting in front of us.”
Source: AFR Aug 21, 2014
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 57
Government Intervention
Knowing when it is time to intervene is an insight
Knowing how to intervene without making a situation
worse is a gift
1997 – 2015 and counting…
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 58
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 30
Should the government build the NBN?
What do you think?
1. Political interference
2. Election cycle
3. Lack of vision + ideology
4. Failure to involve the community
5. Attacking government regulators to get their way
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 59
6. Must have a policy difference going into the next election
7. Failure to consult widely
8. Adopting a Yes Minister approach by hand-picking review and audit panels
9. Backloading costs to leave debt for incoming governments
10. Attacking anyone that does not agree with them
Should Telcos build the NBN
Yes.
1. Telstra SSU completed before 2015
2. Minimum three backhaul to 36 PoI
3. Rollout plan to 2025
4. FTTP, FTTdp, HFC, Wireless, Wi-Fi, Satellite
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 60
5. 2010 HFC regulated with
wholesale access
6. Agreed design with
Connection speeds, QoS, Traffic Class Management, capacity, congestion, utilisation < 70%
7. Telstra separated into two
companies in 2020
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 31
Key Agreements and Regulation
2011 NBN Co Telstra agreement – infrastructure, construction?
2012 Telstra Structural Separation Undertaking - add this to the
recent structural separation regulation - level playing field?
2014 NBN Co Telstra agreement - technology?
Sell NBN Co to Telstra a soon as possible and force Telstra to
separate into two companies with a one to one share offer?
Is there the political will to do what the nation needs?
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 61
Multi-Technology Mix
Classic argument - overbuild versus incremental upgrade
Overbuild must have strong technical justification,
overwhelming RoI for operators and consumer support
Incremental upgrade is the safe traditional approach that
minimises risk and maximises RoI for vendors and
operators but can fall behind consumer expectations
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 62
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 32
FTTP versus FTTN and HFC
In 2000 to 2005 FTTN was justified with a 10 year life – copper reaching end of life
By 2010 FTTN could not be justified as it would fall behind customer expectations well
before end of life
HFC remains a justifiable technology that can be replaced by FTTP over time as it becomes
due for rebuild.
Consumers demand change - FTTN and HFC are not justified if there is no QoS, traffic class
management and utilisation < 70%
2012 NBN Co network design rules released.
Post Sept. 2013 NBN Co has failed to release updated network design rules.
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 63
Dump FTTN/VDSL2
Use FTTdp
self-install fibre from premises to pit
G.Fast/Vectoring
Other technologies
But really just get on with FTTP in non-HFC areas
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 64
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 33
Construction
Classic argument. Create one subsidiary construction
company for the rollout or outsource.
NBN Co managing construction directly in Northern Territory
Construction is not meeting targets everywhere
There does not appear to be sufficient construction teams to
meet targets – why?
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 65
Construction approach
On-demand connection led to significant problems when
copper access network was turned off
Must connect premises immediately after fibre passes
premises
Can the community help with building to street
connection?
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 66
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 34
Backhaul
Not part of NBN Co’s mandate
If two backhaul providers it is regulated by ACCC
If three backhaul providers it is not regulated
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 67
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 68
Version date: June 2012
Change the blue cells to generate price
output in the green cell
Route category Route between Tasmania and mainland
Data rate (Mbps) 500
Protected Yes
Distance (km) 600
Output ($) 629,563$
U se o f t his calculat o r
This calculator does not replace the Price Terms set out in Schedule 1 of the DTCS FAD and is intended to be a guide only.
The Explanatory Statement to the DTCS FAD explains the ACCC’s decision on the Price Terms.
Valid ranges for data rate are between 2 and 1000 M bps.
Valid distances are greater than 0 km and up to 4000 km. Distance is measured based on the point to point radial distance of the ent ire service.
All tail end routes are forced to equal 2 km and are not protected.
Routes that traverse the Bass Strait must be greater than the not ional length of the under-sea cable (300 km) to generate output.
A protected service includes geographic path diversity for the interexchange component of the service only.
Output is the regulated annual price (ex-GST) for the service specif ied in the blue cells.
DTCS FAD Pricing calculator
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 35
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 69
Version date: June 2012
Change the blue cells to generate price
output in the green cell
Route category Regional
Data rate (Mbps) 500
Protected Yes
Distance (km) 600
Output ($) 466,875$
U se o f t his calculat o r
This calculator does not replace the Price Terms set out in Schedule 1 of the DTCS FAD and is intended to be a guide only.
The Explanatory Statement to the DTCS FAD explains the ACCC’s decision on the Price Terms.
Valid ranges for data rate are between 2 and 1000 M bps.
Valid distances are greater than 0 km and up to 4000 km. Distance is measured based on the point to point radial distance of the ent ire service.
All tail end routes are forced to equal 2 km and are not protected.
Routes that traverse the Bass Strait must be greater than the not ional length of the under-sea cable (300 km) to generate output.
A protected service includes geographic path diversity for the interexchange component of the service only.
Output is the regulated annual price (ex-GST) for the service specif ied in the blue cells.
DTCS FAD Pricing calculator
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 70
Version date: June 2012
Change the blue cells to generate price
output in the green cell
Route category Route to or from Darwin
Data rate (Mbps) 500
Protected Yes
Distance (km) 4000
Output ($) 681,018$
U se o f t his calculat o r
This calculator does not replace the Price Terms set out in Schedule 1 of the DTCS FAD and is intended to be a guide only.
The Explanatory Statement to the DTCS FAD explains the ACCC’s decision on the Price Terms.
Valid ranges for data rate are between 2 and 1000 M bps.
Valid distances are greater than 0 km and up to 4000 km. Distance is measured based on the point to point radial distance of the ent ire service.
All tail end routes are forced to equal 2 km and are not protected.
Routes that traverse the Bass Strait must be greater than the not ional length of the under-sea cable (300 km) to generate output.
A protected service includes geographic path diversity for the interexchange component of the service only.
Output is the regulated annual price (ex-GST) for the service specif ied in the blue cells.
DTCS FAD Pricing calculator
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 36
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 71
Version date: June 2012
Change the blue cells to generate price
output in the green cell
Route category Regional
Data rate (Mbps) 500
Protected Yes
Distance (km) 4000
Output ($) 681,018$
U se o f t his calculat o r
This calculator does not replace the Price Terms set out in Schedule 1 of the DTCS FAD and is intended to be a guide only.
The Explanatory Statement to the DTCS FAD explains the ACCC’s decision on the Price Terms.
Valid ranges for data rate are between 2 and 1000 M bps.
Valid distances are greater than 0 km and up to 4000 km. Distance is measured based on the point to point radial distance of the ent ire service.
All tail end routes are forced to equal 2 km and are not protected.
Routes that traverse the Bass Strait must be greater than the not ional length of the under-sea cable (300 km) to generate output.
A protected service includes geographic path diversity for the interexchange component of the service only.
Output is the regulated annual price (ex-GST) for the service specif ied in the blue cells.
DTCS FAD Pricing calculator
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 72
Source: Delimiter
-
8/9/2014
(C) Mark A Gregory 37
Should Backhaul Costs be Equalised?
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 73
Backhaul to Tasmania costs about 40% more than backhaul to
other state and territory capitals
Backhaul costs increase as you move away from Sydney
How to fix this?
Increase backhaul competition
Update the Universal Service Obligation
Universal Service Obligation
Telecommunications is an essential service
The Universal Service Obligation should be updated to include
wholesale data and backhaul
• Wi-Fi infrastructure
• Telstra’s national RF network
Government announces review at ACCAN USO Forum in March
2015
8/9/2014 (C) Mark A Gregory 74