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Food Technology And Production >> The methods and substancesused in food technology

1.1. Processed food

- food that has been treated with chemicals such as salt or undergoneprocesses such as freezing.- Food is processed to remain edible and safe for us to consume, last longerbefore turning bad or improve its quality.

1.2. Chemicals used in food processing

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Food processing and packaging technology

Canning

1. Kills microbes and their spores

2. Food is heated at 121°C for 20 minutes under the pressure 103.5 kPa3. Cans of food is sterilised in a sealed container4. Examples: condensed milk, fish, meat, bean

Pasteurisation

1. Destroys pathogenic bacteria2. Suitable for preserving milk and fruit juice3. The food is heated :(i) 63°C for 30 minutes then cool rapidly and packed into sterilized bottles(ii) 72° C for 15 seconds then cool rapidly and packed into sterilized bottles4. the taste and flavour of food remain the same

5. must be kept refrigerated

Dehydration

1. Process of preserving food by removing water2. Dries the food under the sun and with high temperature3. prevented from growing microbes4. will change the taste and flavor of food5. Example :shrimps, scallops, squids, milk powder

Freeze drying

1. Process of extracting water from frozen food2. The advantages : minimal loss of flavor and nutritional value of food, littlechanges to the appearance of food3. Example : instant coffee

Vacuum packing

1. Foods are packed in the unventilated container2. Air in food container is vacuumed out

Cooling

1. Suitable for fruits and vegetables2. Foods are cooled at 0oC to 5oC

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1. The methods and substances used in food technology

2. Ways to improve food production

Food Technology And Production >> Ways to improve foodproduction

2.0 Ways to improve food production* Use of Quality BreedsExample: Paddy MR 127: Durian MDUR 88* Use of Modern TechnologyExample : Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering

* Education and Guidance for FarmersExample : Program on Intergration of Maize Crop

* Research and DevelopmentExample : MARDI - RND on quality of crops MPOB - RND on quality of palmoil UPM - Associates with Ministry of Agriculture for preparing a course andtraining

* Optimum use of land and irrigated areaExample: FELCRA restores abandoned land.* Efficient land managementExample: crop rotation

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* Genetically modified foodExample: genetic engineering