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“THE MOTIVATION”

What is Motivation?Motivation is the thing which is Internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually interested and committed to a job, role or subject, or to make an effort to attain a goal.

Motivation Process:Unsatisfied Needs

Tension

Drive

Search Behaviour

Satisfied Needs

Reduction of Tension

Needs:A need means some internal state that makes certain out comes become attract.

Types of Needs:1. Primary Needs or Basic Needs: These

needs arise from the basic requirements of life and are important for survival of the human race like, Food, Water, Sleep, Air And Reasonable comfortable temperature.

2. Secondary Needs or Psychological Needs : Secondary needs are more vague because they represent needs of the mind and spirit rather than of the physical body. Many of the needs are developed as people mature. Examples, are needs that pertain to self esteem, sense of duty, competitiveness, self-assertion and to giving, belonging and receiving affection.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory:

Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Theory:This theory is develop by Abraham Maslow. He hypothesized that with in every human being there exists a hierarchy of five needs. These needs are:

1. Physiological: Includes hunger, thirst, shelter, and other bodily needs.

2. Safety: Includes security and protection from physical and emotional harm.

3. Social: Includes affection, belongingness, acceptance and friendship.

4. Esteem: Includes internal esteem factor such as self-respect, autonomy and achievement and external esteem factor such as status, recognition and attention.

5. Self-actualization: The drive to become what one is capable of becoming, includes growth and achieving.

Theory “X” and Theory “Y”:

Under theory X, the four assumption held by manager are:

Four positive assumptions that’s called theory “Y”

ERG Theory:

This theory was developed by Clayton Alderfer. He was rework on Maslow’s needs hierarchy theory.

According to Clayton, there are three needs of human being:1. Existence Needs: The existence group is

concerned with providing our basic material existence requirement. They includes the items that Maslow considered to be physiological and safety needs.

2. Relatedness Needs: The desire we have for maintaining important interpersonal relationship. These social and status desires require interaction with other if they are to be satisfied and they alight with Maslow's social need and the external component of Maslow's esteem classification.

3. Growth Needs: An intrinsic desire for personal development. These include the intrinsic component from Maslow's esteem category and the characteristics include under self-actualization.

What is Motivation Drives ?Motivation drives is a product of the cultural environment in which they live and these drives affect the way people view their jobs and approach their lives.

According to David C. Mcclelland, there are three types of motivational drives:

1. Achievement motivation: It is a drive some people have to pursuer and attain goals an individual with this drive wishes to achieve objectives and advance up the ladder of success.

2. Afflition Motivation: Affiliation motivation is a drive to related to people on social basis.

3. Power Motivation: Power motivation is a drive to influence people and change situation

Motivation Hygiene Theory: This theory was developed by psychologist Frederick Herzberg. Definition: Herzberg investigated the question, what do people want from their jobs? He asked people to describe in detail, situation, when they felt exceptionally good and bad about their jobs? These responses were tabulated and categorized. It is a two type are given below:

1. Satisfaction facture.

2. Dissatisfaction facture.

Satisfaction facture are give below:

1. Achievement.2. Recognition.3. Work itself.4. Responsible.5. Advancement.6. Growth.

Dissatisfaction are given below:1. Company policy and administration.2. Supervision.3. Relationship with superior.4. Work conditions.5. Salary.6. Relationship with peers.7. Personal life. 8. Relationship with subordinates.9. Status.10.Security.

According to Herzberg flow diagram are given below:1. Satisfaction Dissatisfaction.(Traditional

View)

2. Satisfaction No Satisfaction.(Herzberg view)

3. No Satisfaction Dissatisfaction.

Explain Bellow: The data suggest says Herzberg, that, the opposite of satisfaction is not dissatisfaction, as was traditionally believed. Removing dissatisfying characteristics from a job does not necessarily make the job satisfying as illustrated in exhibit 5-4 Herzberg propose that his finding indicate the existence of a dual continuum. The opposite of “satisfaction” is “no satisfaction” and the opposite of “dissatisfaction” is “no dissatisfaction”.

Conclusion: According to Herzberg if a superior wants to motivation sub ordinates, he or she should ensure the factor for satisfaction removes the factor for dissatisfaction at a time.

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