meglav train final ppt

7/29/2019 Meglav Train FINAL PPT

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PRESENTATION ON

t H E

M EGA N T I C

L E V I TAT IT

o NR A I N


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PREPARED BYDarshan Patel

Abhishek Mali Tushar Korat

Vishal Khajotiya

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INTRODUCTION

Maglev is a system in which thevehicle runs levitated from the guideway (corresponding to the rail tracks

of conventional railways) by usingelectromagnetic forces betweensuperconducting magnets on boardthe vehicle and coils on the ground.

The following is a general explanationof the principle of Maglev.


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Magnetic Levitation

The "8" figured levitation coils are installed on the sidewalls of

the guide way. When the on-board superconducting magnets

pass at a high speed about several centimeters below thecenter of these coils, an electric current is induced within the

coils, which then act as electromagnets temporarily.

As a result, there are forces, which push the superconducting

magnet upwards and ones which pull them upwards

simultaneously, thereby levitating the Maglev vehicle.


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Lateral Guidance

The levitation coils facing each otherare connected under the guide way,constituting a loop. When a runningMaglev vehicle, that is a

superconducting magnet, displaceslaterally, an electric current is inducedin the loop, resulting in a repulsiveforce acting on the levitation coils ofthe side near the car and attractiveforce acting on the levitation coils ofthe side farther apart from the car.Thus, a running car is always locatedat the center of the guide way.


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Propulsion A repulsive force and an attractive force induced

between the magnets are used to propel the vehicle

(superconducting magnet). The propulsion coilslocated on the sidewalls on both sides of the guideway are energized by a three-phase alternating currentfrom a substation, creating a shifting magnetic field onthe guide way. The on-board superconducting Magnets

are attracted and pushed by the shifting field, propellingthe Maglev vehicle.


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Maglev technology employs powerful superconducting

magnets to levitate or "float" cars about 2 inches above a

guide way. Liquid helium in a special encasement cools the

magnets to near absolute zero (or about - 400 degrees

Fahrenheit), enabling relatively small magnets to create

very powerful fields.

Linear induction Motors using magnetic fields propel the

cars. Such motors are already adapted to transit, such as

in Vancouvers automated Sky Train Light Rail system.Electrodynamics involving the interaction of electrical

currents and magnetic forces, state-of-art computers and

microprocessors maintain guidance (vertical and horizontal

spacing) during travel.


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MAGNETICLEVITATION Magnetic levitation, maglev, or magnetic suspension is a method by

which an object is suspended above another object with no support

other than magnetic field .The electromagnetic force is used to

counteract the effects of the gravitational force.

A substance which is diamagnetic repels a magnetic field. All materials

have diamagnetic properties, but the effect is very weak, and usually

overcome by the object's paramagnetic or ferromagnetic properties,

which act in the opposite manner. Any material in which the diamagnetic

component is strongest will be repelled by a magnet, though this force is

not usually very large. Diamagnetic levitation can be used to levitate very

light pieces of pyrolytic graphite or bismuth above a moderately strong

permanent magnet.

The minimum criterion for diamagnetic levitation is,


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Where:

is the magnetic susceptibility

is the density of the material

g is the local gravitational acceleration (-9.8 m/s2 on Earth)

0 is the permeability of free space

B is the magnetic field

is the rate of change of the magnetic field along the vertical axis.

Assuming ideal conditions along the z-direction of solenoid magnet.

Water levitates at

Graphite at


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ADVANTAGES Maglev train cars are less expensive to build and are relatively quiet in

comparison to conventional trains. The maglev tracks take up a lot less land, because they are elevated. This

also reduces the amount of collisions and accidents. No traffic! Maglev trains use far less energy than other types of transportation. Maglev trains do not pollute (since instead of using fossil fuels, magnetic

fields are used to levitate and propel the trains forward). Maglev trains are much faster, because they float over the trackeliminating rolling resistance and potentially improving the powerefficiency.

Maglev trains require Less maintenance (no wear because they float overthe track).

A lot of potential. The possibility of linking 2 cities, over a distance of

1500km.


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Power of the maglev motor is dependent on the local

conditions. Maglev uses 30% less energy then a high-speedtrain traveling at the same speed.

Operating costs of a maglev system are approximately halfthat of conventional long-distance railroads.

Maglev is about 20 times safer then airplanes, 250 times safer

than conventional railroads, and 700 times safer thenautomobile travel. Despite the speeds up to 500 km/h.ur,passengers can move about freely in the vehicles Materialsused to construct maglev vehicles are non-combustible, poortransmitters of heat, and able to withstand fire penetration.Carries no fuel to increase fire hazard.


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Cost is major issue when considering maglev trains,especially since they cannot operate on the existing,conventional rails. Guide ways would need to be built in

order to make use of this new technology, costingapproximately $8.5 billions.

The weight of the electromagnets in the EMS and EDSsystems are also an issue. A very strong magnetic field isrequired to levitate the heavy trains, (the transrapid TRO7weighs 45 tons) and maintaining the field constant requires alot of energy which is expensive.


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APPLICATIONS The trains are virtually impossible to derail

because the train is wrapped around the

track. Collisions between trains are unlikely

because computers are controlling the trainsmovements.4.2 Maintenance.

There is very little maintenance because Dueto the lack of physical contact between thetrack and the vehicle, there is no rollingfriction, leaving only air resistance


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ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY The powerful magnets demand a large amount of

electricity to function so the train levitates. What

makes the maglev trains much more expensive to

build.

Very costly to operate since it needs large magnets

and a very advanced technology and huge amount

of electrical power

Operating expenses are half of that of other

railroads.


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ENVIRONMENT No burning of fossil fuel, so no pollution, and the

electricity needed will be nuclear or solar

It uses less energy than existing transportation

systems. For every seat on a 300 km trip with 3

stops, the gasoline used per 100 miles varies with

the speed. At 200 km/h it is 1 liter, at 300 km/h it is

1.5 liters and at 400 km/h it is 2 liters. This is 1/3the energy used by cars and 1/5 the energy used

by jets per mile.


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Its no longer science fiction, maglev trains are the newway of transportation in the near future, just someobstacles are in the way, but with some researchesnothing is impossible. With no engine, no wheels, nopollution, new source of energy, floating on air, the

concept has token tens of years to develop, just recentlyits true capacities has been realized. Competing planeswith speed, boats with efficiency, traditional trains withsafety, and cars with comfort, it seems like it isn't a fairfight...


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meglav train final ppt

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