Match the people who are central or important to the following monotheistic religions of the Middle East.

1. Judaism

2. Christianity

3. Islam

a. Mohammed

b. Jesus

c. Abraham & Moses

c.

b.

a.

ISLAM = one of the world’s most practiced religions that means surrender to the will of God (Allah in Arabic)

ORIGINS:

* Mohammed spoke to the angel Gabriel and became a prophet and recorded Gabriel’s messages in the KORAN.

* As Mohammed taught in Mecca, few listened to him and he fled Mecca in 622 A.D. for Medina. This is known as the HEGIRA and it is the beginning of the Muslim calendar.

* Mohammed returned to Mecca in 630 A.D. as a military, political & religious leader.

* Islam began in 622 A.D. in Mecca, in the land of Arabia, which is now called Saudi Arabia.

Mohammad The Prophet

Born 570 AD in Mecca – Died June 8, 632 Medina

Central figure of Islam Messenger and prophet of God Greatest law bearer of all prophets Brought up by his uncle Married at age 25 and worked as a

merchant Unhappy with life in Mecca, he went to a

cave in the mountains for meditation. Muslims believe that at age 40 in the

month of Ramadan, he received his first revelation from God.

Preaching begins Unites the tribes, who then conquered

Mecca.

FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM

WHAT IS A PILLAR??? IMPORTANT BELIEFS & VALUES

1. There is no god but

ALLAH who spoke

through the prophet

Mohammed

2. Pray five

times a day

3. Give to the poor

4. Fast during the holy month

of Ramadan

5. Visit Mecca at least one in your lifetime(hajj)

MUSLIMS DO NOT GAMBLE, DRINK ALCOHOL OR EAT PORK

The religion is called Islam. The people are referred to as Muslims

Mosque - a Muslim place of worshipKoran(or Qur’an) - Muslim holy bookBelief in all prophets sent by God including

Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad. Although Muslims believe in Jesus they don't think of Jesus as the Son of God the way Christians do.

Basic Facts

Ramadan - celebrate the time when the verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad; a time of worship and contemplation and a time to strengthen family and community ties.• concludes with the celebration of Eid al-Fitr

Eid-ul-Adha the Festival of Sacrifice which occurs 70 days after Eid-al-Fitr. The 2nd most important festival in the Muslim calendar; remembers the time when Abraham was going to sacrifice his own son to prove obedience to God and marks the end of the Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca.

Festivals

Youngest of the 5 major world religions

Second largest religion in the worldAlmost 80% of Muslims are Sunnis.

Shiites are the second-largest group• share the same basic beliefs, but

disagree on who was the rightful leader of Islam after Muhammad's death

Religion Today

SAUDI ARABIA

AFRICA

IRAN

IRAQ

MUHAMMED’S BIRTHPLACE: MECCA

MOSQUE IN MECCA

VISITING MECCA TODAY

Aim: How does Islam influence the life of its believers? Do Now: Matching