JUDAISMFounded in 1300 BCFounder: Abraham

THE HEBREW BIBLE, CA. 1000-300BCE

The interconnected group of writings tat are central to Jewish belief are known collectively in Hebrew as the Torah, which can translate to “instruction” or “guidance” or “law”

AKA, the Old Testament, the five books of Moses, or the Pentateuch (five

scrolls)

THE HEBREW BIBLE, CA. 1000-300BCE

The narrative parts of the Torah tell a continuous story:

From the creation of the world to

The sojourn in Egypt to The Israelites’ exodus

from Egypt to Their wandering led by

Moses, and finally to Moses’ death just before entry to the promised land

THE PENTATEUCH

Those first 5 books of the Old Testament are…

Genesis, which is about beginnings, creations, and first families

Exodus, in which Moses receives the law on Mt. Sinai (10 Commandments)

Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy

REMEMBER THIS?

BELOW IS SOME INFORMATION RELATED TO KEY FACTS ASSOCIATED WITH JUDAISM

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What do Jews believe?Jews believe that there is a single God who not only created the universe, but with whom every Jew can have an individual and personal relationship.

Who is the founder of Judaism?

Jewish history begins with the covenant established between God and Abraham around 1812 BC, during the Bronze Age, in the Middle East. Abraham is considered as the father of the family of Jews.

Who is Abraham?Abraham is the father of the Jewish people. Jews see Abraham as a symbol of trusting and obeying God.

Judaism originated around 4000 years ago. It's also the smallest major religion, with only about 15 million followers around the world.

Holy bookThe Torah.

Main Branches (Denominations) today Orthodox, Reform and Conservative.

TERMS, PEOPLE, & PLACES YOU SHOULD KNOW FROM THE TORAH The Talmud: The book of 762 laws. The Talmud contains the

teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis on a variety of subjects, including Halakha (law), Jewish ethics, philosophy, customs,, history, lore and many other topics

Dominion: mankind has control and accessibility over material items on Earth – “let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air…”

Covenant: a sacred contract between God and man. Esau: Grandson of Abraham, son of Isaac, twin to Jacob Job : a Prophet who is tested by God – does not waiver to

tests/famine/sickness - shows commitment to teachings. Canaan: Canaanites of Israel and Palestine – also considered by

Ancient Greeks to be Phoenicians. The Land of Canaan is often seen in literature as an allusion. It means the promised land.

Euphrates River: Spreading from Turkey, through Iraq, into the Persian Gulf. Often paired w/the Tigris River.

TERMS, PEOPLE, & PLACES YOU SHOULD KNOW FROM THE TORAH The Talmud: The book of 762 laws. The Talmud

contains the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis on a variety of subjects, including Halakha (law), Jewish ethics, philosophy, customs, history, lore and many other topics

Knows these vocab. terms: Dominion and Covenant

Know these places: Land of Canaan, Sodom and Gomorrah

Know these people by the end of this unit:

Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, Jacob, Esau, Noah, Lot and his wife, Job

SACRED TIME – SHABBAT

1. Shabbat : 7th day of the week – – epitome of sacred time Begins at sundown of the prior evening and ends at

nightfall on Saturday

2. Kabbalat Shabbat: Lighting and blessing of Candles at home, a Friday evening service

Various prayers – invocation, sanctification, breaking and sharing of bread

SHABBAT PRACTICESObservant Jews refrain from forms of work or the act of creation: all conventional weekday activities using electricity traveling shopping Writing Cooking Driving Shabbat activities:

prayer, Torah study, eating,

relaxing, and sleeping.

JEWISH SYMBOLS

Avoid the use of any symbolic representation of worship especially human-like figures

Most synagogues are devoid of any religious art Magen David: star of David/shield of God. Comes from

King David in Psalm 18 when God is compared to a shield

Candelabra: Seven pronged Menorah – laws brought down by Moses – 7 tablets of the law

TEN COMMANDMENTS

Worship no other gods. Do not worship idols. Do not misuse the name of the Lord. Keep the Sabbath holy. Honor your father and mother. Do not murder. Do not commit adultery. Do not steal. Do not give false testimony Do not covet. {2}

13 ARTICLES OF FAITH

God exists God is one and unique God is incorporeal God is eternal Prayer is to God only. The prophets spoke truth. Moses was the greatest of the prophets. The Written and Oral Torah were given to Moses. There will be no other Torah. God knows the thoughts and deeds of men. God will reward the good and punish the wicked. The Messiah will come. The dead will be resurrected.