I f ti I t lliInformation Intelligence: capitalize on open healthcapitalize on open health

resources NAVMECJuly 2010July 2010 Las Vegas USA

Dr. Theresa BernardoWHO/PAHO Washington DC Mi hi St t U i itMichigan State University

AgendaAgenda

1 Information (and data) overload1. Information (and data) overload

• Open Educational Resources (OER)

• open data

2. Options for delivery

• eg “out of the box” model• eg. out-of-the-box model

Veterinary Students 1910Veterinary Students 1910

Veterinary Students 1910Veterinary Students 1910

Medical AdvancesMedical Advances Early 1900’sKnowledge: anatomy, clinical signs of

disease- sought TREATMENT for sick or injuredTools: surgery, remedies (morphine and

aspirin to ease pain, quinine to fight off malaria, smallpox vaccine, and digitalis f h t f il )for heart failure)

Life expectancy: 49 years

Medical AdvancesMedical AdvancesDuring 20th centuryKnowledge: causes of disease (infectious

agents, genetic, auto-immune, etc), d f t i i d dmodes of transmission, damage done…

- annual check-up for EARLY DETECTION f DISEASEof DISEASE

Tools: vaccines, antibiotics, x-rays, insulin, bl d t t t t tblood tests, cancer treatments, transplants…

Lif t 79Life expectancy: 79 years

Medical AdvancesMedical Advances21st centuryK l d ti d f lKnowledge: genetic code of ourselves

and disease agents, structure and function of resulting proteins molecularfunction of resulting proteins, molecular interactions…focus on PREVENTION: healthy lifestyle- focus on PREVENTION: healthy lifestyle (diet, exercise), environment, genetics

Tools: bio info and nano technologiesTools: bio- info- and nano- technologies, 3D imaging, spatio-temporal analysis, monitor biological parametersmonitor biological parameters,…

Life expectancy: ???

Medical curricular reformMedical curricular reform

“the primary instructional goal of this newthe primary instructional goal of this new reform was not to provide students with an encyclopedic knowledge of facts but to y p gfoster the student’s ability to think critically, to solve problems, to acquire new information, and to keep up with the changing times”

Medical curricular reformMedical curricular reform

“the primary instructional goal of this newthe primary instructional goal of this new reform was not to provide students with an encyclopedic knowledge of facts but to y p gfoster the student’s ability to think critically, to solve problems, to acquire new information, and to keep up with the changing times”

Medical curricular reformMedical curricular reform

“the primary instructional goal of this newthe primary instructional goal of this new reform was not to provide students with an encyclopedic knowledge of facts but to y p gfoster the student’s ability to think critically, to solve problems, to acquire new information, and to keep up with the changing times”

18711871Source: Papa FJ and PH Harasym. Medical Curriculum Reform in North America 1765 to the present: a cognitiveReform in North America, 1765 to the present: a cognitive science perspective. Acad. Med. 1999;74:154-164

Veterinary Student 2010Veterinary Student 2010

Veterinary Student 2010Veterinary Student 2010

Information OverloadInformation Overload

Shared Educational Resources“read onl ”“read only”

By InstitutionMIT OpenCourseWare initiative 1999

published course materialsno registration no interaction with faculty no degreeno registration, no interaction with faculty, no degree

OCW Consortium: > 200 institutions, >13,000 coursesBy ProfessionBy Profession

MedEdPortal, under the auspices of the American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC)

By Discipline Supercourse: Epidemiology, the Internet & Global Health

2500 PowerPoint lectures by 32,000 faculty from 151 countries6 Nobel Laureates, the US Surgeon General, 60 IOM members

Open Educational Resources“read edit add translate”“read, edit, add, translate”

PlatformsConnexions (Rice University, Texas)Wikiversity

i i f l i ti itiprovision of learning activities

WikiEducator (Commonwealth of Learning, UBC)working collaboratively towards a free version of the education g ycurriculum by 2015

OER Commons

New InitiativesPeer 2 peer (P2P) UniversityPeer 2 peer (P2P) University

an online community of open study groups for short university-level courses

The Economist: Feb 27th 2010The Economist: Feb. 27 2010

Open Data

G i d t b

Open Data

Genomics databases:Value of sharing data

HHS/IOM: Community Health Data InitiativePublic-private partnershipp p pGigabytes of health data publicly available Google, Microsoft, GE and smaller entrepreneurs

creating innovative applicationscreating innovative applications http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nN8vU-UiElw

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!Eg. StraighterLine offers online courses for $99 g g

(the most profitable undergraduate courses)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!StraighterLine threatens the most profitable piece of a conglomerate business: freshman lectures, higher education's equivalent of the classified section. If

h t d t d f t t i likenough students defect to companies like StraighterLine, the higher education industry faces the unbundling of the business model on which theunbundling of the business model on which the current system is built.

Kevin Carey, Policy Director, Education Sector, Washington MonthlyS b 2 2009September 2, 2009

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!Like more expensive services, the education offered by StraighterLine is tailored to the individual student; you can move as quickly or slowly through the

i l 'd lik T b d i I di d hmaterial as you'd like. Tutors based in India and the Philippines provide more of a personal touch than any overburdened graduate studentoverburdened graduate student.

ForbesOctober 12, 2009

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!

Finally, another product has just come out ... called StraighterLine that could really change the labor

d l i d i i di i f hi hmodel in education in very disruptive fashion that could allow for far more one-on-one time for students with teacherswith teachers.

Clayton Christensen, Author of 'Disrupting Class'y , p gNovember 3, 2008

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Curricular Continuum

1 Di it l

Curricular Continuum

1. Digital 2. On the web3 Password protected (eg Course management3. Password protected (eg. Course management

system)4 Open courseware4. Open courseware5. Editable/shareware (creative commons)6. Rateable (# hits, ease of use)( , )7. User generated content (yes, students!!)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Web Collaboration SoftwareWeb Collaboration Software

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) reducing student debt (largely through stream-g g y g

lining and standardizing prevet requirements)2) greater emphasis on primary care (hands on from

d ) d llday one) and wellness3) large integrated curricular blocks4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials4) strategic use of technology (didactic materials

online, sharing of experts among colleges)5) distributed model for experience (partnerships)) p (p p )6) ability to focus on one or more specialized areas

of study (also provides opportunity for retraining or career change)

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!

College A College B

S1 S1S2 S4S3 S5

Material all students must takeMaterial all students must take

Closing messageClosing message

The AAVMC members need toThe AAVMC members need to start working as a virtual team.g

C titi !Coopetition!

Thank you!!

Global Competition in pEducation

Gov. Granholm need to double percentage of Michigan citizens with post-secondary degreedegree

US = 24% x 300M = 72MChina: population 1 3 B (4 times that of US)China: population 1.3 B (4 times that of US)- 3.8% have a college degree - 10% of 1.3 B = 130 M

1999 OECD global trade in higher education was $40B or 3% of all trade in servicesWTO/GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services, includes education!

Collaborate & Share the Work:

1. Share knowledge resources2 Collaborate on new course2. Collaborate on new course

developmentS f3. Strategic division of labor:

facilitate self- and peer-to-peer learning, reserving faculty time for applications, integration and problem-solving

C ll b i d li4. Collaborative course delivery

MSU surgery videosMSU surgery videos

Challenges of Providing g gAnimal Welfare Education

I d d d f i l lfIncreased demand for animal welfareQualified instructors in animal welfare are scarce and located in few placesAnimal welfare instruction requires a qmultidisciplinary approach not easily achieved at individual institutionsStudents are often not located where the educational resources are foundthe educational resources are found

Graduate course on Animal Welfare Assessment

Defining Animal Welfare Pain and SufferingDefining Animal WelfareDavid Fraser (U British Columbia)Don Broom (Cambridge)

Behavior

Pain and SufferingDan Weary (U British Columbia)Ruth Newberry (Washington State U)

Human Animal InteractionsBehaviorJeremy Marchant-Forde (Purdue, USDA ARS)Kirsty Laughlin (Certified Humane)

Human Animal InteractionsPaul Hemsworth (Animal Welfare Centre)James Serpell (U Penn)

Ethics and LegislationPhysiology

Janice Siegford (MSU)Don Lay (Purdue, USDA ARS)

P d ti d H lth

Ray Anthony (U Alaska, Anchorage)David Favre (MSU)

EconomicsCh i W lf (MSU)Production and Health

Kirsty Laughlin (Certified Humane)Jeanne Burton (MSU)

Neurobiology

Chris Wolf (MSU)Janice Swanson (Kansas State)

Welfare Assessment and StandardsMike Appleby (WSPA)Neurobiology

Janice Siegford (MSU)Adroaldo Zanella (MSU)

Mike Appleby (WSPA)Adele Douglass (Certified Humane)Jeff Armstrong (MSU)

Graduate course on Animal Welfare Assessment

Scenarios:

beef, dairy, swine, sheep, poultry, zoo, laboratory and companion animals

Internet for Health1. The internet as a source of information.

2. The internet as a means of interacting with information and with each other.with information and with each other.- a means of doing work or conducting business whether that is researchbusiness, whether that is research, education, practice or staying healthy

(C ll b ti O li R it )Global Veterinary Curriculum• A framework for collaborative education

• Open to additions and improvements

(Collaborative Online Repository)Global Veterinary Curriculum

Open to additions and improvements from anyone, anywhere

•Text, images, videos, databases, 3D models and simulations3D models and simulations• Multi-language capability

Quality assured by peers

• Asynchronous & synchronous

Effectiveness rated by users

• Asynchronous & synchronous interaction among students/faculty

Epistemologically:Epistemologically:

data data data data data data data data data

Epistemologically:Epistemologically:

information

data data data data data data data data data

Epistemologically:Epistemologically:

information information information

data data data data data data data data data

Epistemologically:Epistemologically:

knowledgeknowledge

information information information

data data data data data data data data data

Epistemologically:Epistemologically:

knowledge

information information information

data data data data data data data data data

Big Data Big DataBig Data Big Data

Medical Knowledge in 21st

Cent rCenturyPREVENTIONPREVENTION EARLY DETECTIONEARLY DETECTION TREATMENTTREATMENTPREVENTIONPREVENTIONLifestyleLifestyle-- nutrition, exercise,nutrition, exercise,

EARLY DETECTIONEARLY DETECTIONExpert systems and Expert systems and clinical decision clinical decision

TREATMENTTREATMENTEvidenceEvidence--based based medicine medicine

psychological healthpsychological health

EnvironmentEnvironmentquality of air waterquality of air water

support toolssupport tools3D scanning and 3D scanning and reconstruction at areconstruction at a

Best PracticesBest PracticesRobotic SurgeryRobotic SurgeryN h lN h l-- quality of air, waterquality of air, water

and foodand food-- climate changeclimate change(natural disasters(natural disasters

reconstruction at a reconstruction at a microscopic levelmicroscopic levelMonitoring of Monitoring of

NanotechnologyNanotechnologyGenetic repairGenetic repair

(natural disasters, (natural disasters, disease vectors)disease vectors)

GeneticsGenetics

biological parametersbiological parameters

Models of medical curriculaModels of medical curricula

Based on:Based on:apprenticeship* (1765 - )discipline (1871 - )p ( )systems (1951 - )problems (1971 - )clinical presentation (1991 - )

* No medical textbooks until 1850* No medical textbooks until 1850

Source: Papa FJ and PH Harasym. Medical Curriculum Reform in North America 1765 to the present: a cognitiveReform in North America, 1765 to the present: a cognitive science perspective. Acad. Med. 1999;74:154-164

Web 3 0 Semantic webWeb 3.0 Semantic web

Intelligent agentsIntelligent agentsThe semantic web is a vision of information that is understandable by computers, y p ,so computers can perform more of the tedious work involved inof the tedious work involved in finding, combining and acting upon info on the webupon info on the web.Realtime publishing and sharing

The World Is FlatThe World Is Flat

The World Is FlatThe World Is Flat

“ the creation of a global web enabled playing… the creation of a global, web-enabled playing field that allows for multiple forms of collaboration – the sharing of knowledge andcollaboration the sharing of knowledge and work – in real time”

“… developing new processes and habits for horizontal collaboration … is the most important force shaping global economics and politics in the early 21st century.”

Source: The World is Flat: A Brief History of the 21st Century by Thomas Friedman

Collaborate and Share the WorkCollaborate and Share the WorkTime of unequalled opportunityTime of unequalled opportunity

Complex public health challenges can only be met through collaboration (internal and external)through collaboration (internal and external)public sector (national, regional and international)private sector (foundations, corporations)media (reporters, celebrities)academia (researchers, educators)civil society (NGOs individuals)civil society (NGOs, individuals)

Not just colleagues, but clients!!!

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!The idea of some kind of open-source, online, low-cost revolution in education has become a lit fuse, sparking and crackling its way toward an explosion ... S h S i h Li ff i liStart-ups such as StraighterLine ... are offering online courses for college credit for hundreds of dollars, compared with thousands of dollars at mostcompared with thousands of dollars at most universities.

Business WeekSeptember 14, 2009

Out-of-the-box model goes live!Out-of-the-box model goes live!1) Eg. of small company that is offering bread and g y g

butter courses online for $99 Straighterline

A l $99 h l $39 fAt only $99 per month plus $39 for every course started you get all these StraighterLine benefits:Low cost college creditsLow cost college creditsFree live online tutor supportStudy online at your conveniencey yComplete college courses at your own paceEasy-to-transfer college creditsACE evaluated online college coursesPLUS: You can add additional college courses to your online account for only $39 a course for as long