HOW TO MAKE GOOD ABSTRACT

HOW TO MAKE GOOD TITLE, KEY WORDS, AND ABSTRACT

TITLEDESCRIBE ENTIRE TEXT, specific (bs menjawab 4 W, 1 H)SIMPLE, NOT TOO LONG (16-23 WORDS)Bisa pake subjudulNOT USING ABBREVIATIONNOT INTERROGATIVE, BUT MORE LIKE IN NETRAL WORDS / SITUATIONEXAMPLE :The New Generation Drugs of Glaucoma are less effective than the first generation

Date and Place depends on the purpose of the research

Example :Bacterial endophthalmitis prophylaxis for cataract surgery in RS Wahidin SudirohusodoIncidence of Endophtalmitis post cataract surgery in RS wahidin Sudirohusodo from 2005-2010- Clinical Profile of Endophtalmitis patient post cataract surgery in RS wahidin sudirohosudo from 2010-2014

KEYWORDSMODERN TIMES Sophisticated search engines and indexing services they need keywords to do their job.3-6 wordskeywords expand the Title , Guide the readers to find the paper.Title keywords. the function of keywords is to supplement the information given in the title. Words in the title are automatically included in indexes, and keywords serve as additional pointers.

If the paper focuses on a particular region (geographic, climatic, etc.), use that as a keyword (RS Wahidin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, etc2).Consider the experimental material and techniques, which may suggest suitable keywords (phacoemulsification, SICS, ECCE, etc).Use specific phenomena or issues as keywords (endophtalmitis,keratitis,etc).

ABSTRACT, WHY IT IS IMPORTANT ??Condensed and concentrated version of the textonly part of the paper that is publishedfor the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its abstractLimited (200-250 words)

SECTIONS OF AN ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND / INTRODUCTION

Shortest sectionThe longer background section less space for the results. WHILE the readers interested in its findings, and not its background.What is already known about the subject, related to the paper in questionWhat is not known about the subject and hence what the study intended to examine (or what the paper seeks to present)

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2. METHODSsecond-longest section should contain enough information to enable the reader to understand what was done, and how.

3. RESULTSmost important part nothing should compromise its range and quality.

Should contain :The number of patiens who completed the studyDrop out rates in the different groups in the study (drop out due to adverse events of treatment studies must be explained)Result of analysis of primary objectives (expressed in words, along with P value, and % )Result of analysis of more important seconday objectives (expressed in words, along with P value, and % )

Numerical information of above analyses (means, Standard deviation, response rate, remission rate, effect sizes , relative risk, numbers needed to treat, OR SIMILAR STATISTIC along with confidence interval for each)Important negative findings (findings that fail to support authors hypotheses)Important adverse events

4. CONCLUSIONStake-home message of the study, a few precisely worded sentences. relates to the primary outcome measure; however, other important or unexpected findings should also be mentioned. It is also customary, but not essential, for the authors to express an opinion about the theoretical or practical implications of the findings, or the importance of their findings for the field.

Despite its necessary brevity, this section has the most impact on the average reader because readers generally trust authors and take their assertions at face value. For this reason, the conclusions should also be scrupulously honest; and authors should not claim more than their data demonstrate.

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Unnecessary content

It goes without saying that whatever is present in the abstract must also be present in the text. Likewise, whatever errors should not be made in the text should not appear in the abstract

As already mentioned, the abstract is the only part of the paper that the vast majority of readers see. Therefore, it is critically important for authors to ensure that their enthusiasm or bias does not deceive the reader; unjustified speculations could be even more harmful. Misleading readers could harm the cause of science and have an adverse impact on patient care.

Some journals include additional sections, such as Objectives (between Background and Methods) and Limitations (at the end of the abstract)

Reference Andrade C. How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation. Indian J Psychiatry 2011;53:172-5Mack, C. (2012). How to write a good scientific paper: title, abstract, and keywords. J.Micro / Nanolith.MEMS MOEMS, 11(2), 1-4.