Was Woit GNORW GNORW ?Was Woit GNORW GNORW ?

From Quantum to Cosmos:Fundamental Physics in Space for the Next Decade

International Workshop

Airlie Center

Warrenton, VA, USA

July 6-10, 2008Alvin J. Sanders

George T. Gillies

Ernst Schmutzer

From Quantum to Cosmos:Fundamental Physics in Space for the Next Decade

International Workshop

Airlie Center

Warrenton, VA, USA

July 6-10, 2008Alvin J. Sanders

George T. Gillies

Ernst Schmutzer

Forthcoming PaperForthcoming Paper

. Implications upon Theory Discrimination

of an Accurate Measurement ofthe Time Rate of Change of the Gravitational Constant

and Other Cosmological Parameters

A.J. Sanders*, G.T. Gillies**, and E. Schmutzer**** Department of Physics, University of Tennessee

Mailing address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS 6054, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA

** Department of Physics, University of Virginia, USA*** University of Jena (Emeritus), Germany

Abstract A substantial improvement in the accuracy of Ġ tests would

make it realistic to speak in terms of a measurement of Ġ, rather than merely a smaller upper bound on |Ġ|. We show below that the accuracy |Ġ/G| ~ 10-14/yr would be sufficient, given the accuracy of other cosmological parameters, to observe effects predicted by extra-dimension theories and, hence, to discriminate among different models. The Ġ design goal for the SEE (Satellite Energy Exchange) mission is (Ġ/G) ~ 10-14/yr.

. Implications upon Theory Discrimination

of an Accurate Measurement ofthe Time Rate of Change of the Gravitational Constant

and Other Cosmological Parameters

A.J. Sanders*, G.T. Gillies**, and E. Schmutzer**** Department of Physics, University of Tennessee

Mailing address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MS 6054, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA

** Department of Physics, University of Virginia, USA*** University of Jena (Emeritus), Germany

Abstract A substantial improvement in the accuracy of Ġ tests would

make it realistic to speak in terms of a measurement of Ġ, rather than merely a smaller upper bound on |Ġ|. We show below that the accuracy |Ġ/G| ~ 10-14/yr would be sufficient, given the accuracy of other cosmological parameters, to observe effects predicted by extra-dimension theories and, hence, to discriminate among different models. The Ġ design goal for the SEE (Satellite Energy Exchange) mission is (Ġ/G) ~ 10-14/yr.

Purpose of TalkPurpose of Talk

To discuss methods aimed at the testing of new theoretical models

Not to support or refute any particular model

To discuss methods aimed at the testing of new theoretical models

Not to support or refute any particular model

What Worries WoitWhat Worries Woit “String” theory has never made a falsifiable prediction.

Resolutions of various new problems tend to pile on more new complications, with more new parameters.

Now so many parameters that it is virtually untestable.

The anthropic, multiple-universe defense is a copout.

Non-string approaches are suppressed &/or not funded.

The Standard Model needs a failure to shake it up.

String theory has left physics and become math.

“String” theory has never made a falsifiable prediction.

Resolutions of various new problems tend to pile on more new complications, with more new parameters.

Now so many parameters that it is virtually untestable.

The anthropic, multiple-universe defense is a copout.

Non-string approaches are suppressed &/or not funded.

The Standard Model needs a failure to shake it up.

String theory has left physics and become math.

Fun Phys Sig EventFun Phys Sig Event SIGNIFICANT EVENTS - SCIENCE EVENTS 12/14/01 Theory Derives Parameters of Relativity Theory Two Russian physicists in Project SEE (Satellite Energy Exchange)

of the Fundamental Physics program have succeeded in using "brane theory"-- a generalization of "string theory"-- to calculate the Parameterized Post Newtonian (PPN) parameters beta and gamma. This is the first calculation of any PPN parameters from brane theory. This new result is a major step toward testing which classes of brane theory are consistent with experimental evidence.

The physicists are Vitaly Melnikov and Vladimir Ivashchuk. Prof. Melnikov, the president of the Russian Gravitational Society, presented an invited talk at the 2000 Fundamental Physics investigator workshop.

Citation: V.D. Ivashchuk, V.S. Manko, & V.N. Melnikov, "PPN Parameters for General Black Hole and Spherically Symmetric p-Brane Solutions", Gravitation & Cosmology v. 6 No.3 (23), pp. 219-224 (2001). (Excerpt; edited)

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS - SCIENCE EVENTS 12/14/01 Theory Derives Parameters of Relativity Theory Two Russian physicists in Project SEE (Satellite Energy Exchange)

of the Fundamental Physics program have succeeded in using "brane theory"-- a generalization of "string theory"-- to calculate the Parameterized Post Newtonian (PPN) parameters beta and gamma. This is the first calculation of any PPN parameters from brane theory. This new result is a major step toward testing which classes of brane theory are consistent with experimental evidence.

The physicists are Vitaly Melnikov and Vladimir Ivashchuk. Prof. Melnikov, the president of the Russian Gravitational Society, presented an invited talk at the 2000 Fundamental Physics investigator workshop.

Citation: V.D. Ivashchuk, V.S. Manko, & V.N. Melnikov, "PPN Parameters for General Black Hole and Spherically Symmetric p-Brane Solutions", Gravitation & Cosmology v. 6 No.3 (23), pp. 219-224 (2001). (Excerpt; edited)

Fun Phys Sig Event Fun Phys Sig Event

Melnikov & Ivashchuk

Black Hole p-brane Solutions

(n – 1) internal Ricci-flat spaces

– 1 = sS(Qs/GM)2 fs

fs are simple functions of the dimensions of the subspaces.

fs > 0 in physically interesting cases. > 1.

– 1 = – sS(Qs/GM)2 fs’

The functions fs’are slightly different from fs

fs’ are not guaranteed positive.

| – 1| & | – 1| must be same order of magnitude

• Also found spherically symmetric block-orthogonal solutions

Melnikov & Ivashchuk

Black Hole p-brane Solutions

(n – 1) internal Ricci-flat spaces

– 1 = sS(Qs/GM)2 fs

fs are simple functions of the dimensions of the subspaces.

fs > 0 in physically interesting cases. > 1.

– 1 = – sS(Qs/GM)2 fs’

The functions fs’are slightly different from fs

fs’ are not guaranteed positive.

| – 1| & | – 1| must be same order of magnitude

• Also found spherically symmetric block-orthogonal solutions

Our Approach for this PaperOur Approach for this Paper

Seek out theoretical papers that give some level of numerical prediction

Calculate further results Infer implicit functions Compare models by their results

Seek out theoretical papers that give some level of numerical prediction

Calculate further results Infer implicit functions Compare models by their results

Fig 3

Prediction of w from |Ġ/G | by Various Scalar-Tensor Models Perrotta et al.: Induced Gravity (IG) & Non-Minimal Coupling (NMC)

Chiba: Extended Quintessence Melnikov et al.: 3 Models, Different q Values

Error bars: |Ġ/G| = 1x10-14/yr

1.E+01

1.E+02

1.E+03

1.E+04

1.E+05

1.E+06

1.E+07

1.E+08

1E-14 1E-13 1E-12 1E-11|Ġ/G|

wJBD

Melnikov, q'=0.5

Melnikov, q'=0.1

Perrotta, NMC

Perrotta, IGMelnikov, q'=0

Chiba

Fig 3

Prediction of w from |Ġ/G | by Various Scalar-Tensor Models Perrotta et al.: Induced Gravity (IG) & Non-Minimal Coupling (NMC)

Chiba: Extended Quintessence Melnikov et al.: 3 Models, Different q Values

Error bars: |Ġ/G| = 1x10-14/yr

1.E+01

1.E+02

1.E+03

1.E+04

1.E+05

1.E+06

1.E+07

1.E+08

1E-14 1E-13 1E-12 1E-11|Ġ/G|

wJBD

Melnikov, q'=0.5

Melnikov, q'=0.1

Perrotta, NMC

Perrotta, IGMelnikov, q'=0

Chiba

How Useful is This?How Useful is This?

Small fraction of theories survive, if: Order-of-Mag measurement of w ~10-13/yr measurement of G-dot/G The vertical spread in Fig 3 of implicit

functions (w vs G-dot) is not a fluke

Therefore Potentially Helpful to the Community

Small fraction of theories survive, if: Order-of-Mag measurement of w ~10-13/yr measurement of G-dot/G The vertical spread in Fig 3 of implicit

functions (w vs G-dot) is not a fluke

Therefore Potentially Helpful to the Community

Dependence of |Ġ/G| on the GR-Violation Parameter

After Fig. 1 of Perrotta et al.

Dependence of |Ġ/G| on the GR-Violation Parameter

After Fig. 1 of Perrotta et al.

Figure 2

|Ġ/G | vs. IG and NMC, Perrotta et al .

0

2E-12

4E-12

0 0.01 0.02

IG

NMC

Figure 2

|Ġ/G | vs. IG and NMC, Perrotta et al .

0

2E-12

4E-12

0 0.01 0.02

IG

NMC

Comments on Figures 2 & 3Comments on Figures 2 & 3 Ġ/G vs in Perrotta et al. = their Fig. 1 = output of numerical model

Our Fig. 2 is inferred as fit to numbers read from this.

Ġ/G = a for IG Ġ/G = a’ + b’ for NMC

a = –3.44e–10/yr a’ = –5.61e–11 b’ = –7.24e–9

Perrotta et al. give w vs explicitly (requires a bit of digging):

w = 1/(4 for IG w = 1/(32) for NMC

Both G-dot and w depend on Therefore G-dot and w are implicit functions of each other

Result = our Fig 3

Note: Perrotta et al made no comment about such implicit functions or big the differences therein (or differences from Chiba)

Ġ/G vs in Perrotta et al. = their Fig. 1 = output of numerical modelOur Fig. 2 is inferred as fit to numbers read from this.

Ġ/G = a for IG Ġ/G = a’ + b’ for NMC

a = –3.44e–10/yr a’ = –5.61e–11 b’ = –7.24e–9

Perrotta et al. give w vs explicitly (requires a bit of digging):

w = 1/(4 for IG w = 1/(32) for NMC

Both G-dot and w depend on Therefore G-dot and w are implicit functions of each other

Result = our Fig 3

Note: Perrotta et al made no comment about such implicit functions or big the differences therein (or differences from Chiba)

Projective Einheitliche FeldtheorieProjective Einheitliche FeldtheorieProjective Unified Field Theory (PUFT)

E. Schmutzer

With WMAP values of H (71 km/sec/pc) and other parameters:

Ġ/G = – 1.7 x 10-12/yr

Author presents many other numerical results

Projective Unified Field Theory (PUFT)E. Schmutzer

With WMAP values of H (71 km/sec/pc) and other parameters:

Ġ/G = – 1.7 x 10-12/yr

Author presents many other numerical results

Generic and Chronic ProblemsGeneric and Chronic Problems

Theoretical papers often stop short of numerical results

Either no graphs or no physical quantities in graphs in most theoretical papers

Quantitative predictions (in SI units) needed to set experimental goals

Natural units frustrate dimensional analysis

Theoretical papers often stop short of numerical results

Either no graphs or no physical quantities in graphs in most theoretical papers

Quantitative predictions (in SI units) needed to set experimental goals

Natural units frustrate dimensional analysis

SummarySummary

Are Models Testable?

Yes, if theorists carry the algebra far enough and provide graphs and numerical results

Difficult otherwise

Are Models Testable?

Yes, if theorists carry the algebra far enough and provide graphs and numerical results

Difficult otherwise

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

NASA FunPhys grant NAG 8-1442 UT Scholarly Achievement grant NATO Linkage grant UT/ORNL Science Alliance grants Venzo de Sabbata (deceased) Vitaly Melnikov, Kirill Bronnikov,

Voladya Ivashchuk , Nikolai Kolosnitsyn

NASA FunPhys grant NAG 8-1442 UT Scholarly Achievement grant NATO Linkage grant UT/ORNL Science Alliance grants Venzo de Sabbata (deceased) Vitaly Melnikov, Kirill Bronnikov,

Voladya Ivashchuk , Nikolai Kolosnitsyn