by,Anushri S. Patil.

Generation of computer Towards the world of revolution…

Towards the world of revolution…

COMPUTERCommonOperatingMachineParticularlyUsed forTechnical Education &Research.

I Generation : 1945-55II Generation : 1955-65III Generation : 1965-75IV Generation : 1975-89V Generation : 1989 to present

Generations & its Lifespan

Generation I :

1940 -1955 Vacuum Tubes Lee De Forest Used vacuum tubes as the basic components for memory and circuitry for CPU

Batch Processing Operating System No compiler or no Assembler to process instruction of 1GL Machine code Input through Front panel Switches Direct to CPU

UNIVAC -1951 (Universal Automatic Computer)

First fully electronic digital computer built in the U.S.

Created at the University of Pennsylvani

UNIVAC weighed 30 tons contained 18,000 vacuum tubes

Advantages

Execution is very Fast , Efficient.

Calculate data in millisecond

Vacuum tube technology

Disadvantages

Difficult to fix the code Large in size Large Energy Air conditioning required Not reliable Non portable Machin language Non versatile Very Faulty

Generation II :

1955-1965 Transistors Transistors used to regulate the flow of an electrical current &to switch electricity on & off .

At Bell laboratories Scientists include 1.John Barden, 2.William Brattain &3.William Shockley.

II generation computers

IBM 7094 series IBM 1400 series

Advantages

Smaller size Reliable Commercial use Accuracy improved Including peripherals

Disadvantages

Costly Maintenance required Cooling system required

Generation III :

1965-1975 Integrated circuits Jack Kilby single IC chip may contain thousands of transistors.

III generation computers

IBM 370, IBM System/360, UNIVAC 1108 & UNIVAC AC 9000

Advantages

Smaller size Reliable Less expensive Good storage Input via mouse, keyboard

Disadvantages

Air conditioning Technology required

Generation IV :

1975-1989 Microprocessor Ted Hoff Microprocessor contains thousands of ICs.

IV generation computers

Apple Macintosh IBM PC

Advantages

Smallest size Reliable Cheapest Fast processing VLSI Technology Mouse & handheld devices

Disadvantages

Highly skilled staff was required for manufacturing

Generation V :

1989 to until Artificial intelligence ULSI technology Use of parallel processing & superconductors.

Goal To develop devices that respond to natural

language input and are capable of learning & self-organization.

IBM Watson computer

Source of Knowledge:

http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Hardware_Software/FiveGenerations.asp

http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/generations.html

History of Computer Development & Generation of Computer - WikiEducator.html