eom 10 leadership
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Quản trị học 10TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 8
LEADERSHIP
8-2
Learning Objectives
1. Differentiate between leadership and management.
2. Describe how leaders are able to influence and empower team members.
3. Identify important leadership characteristics and behaviors.
4. Describe participative leadership, authoritarian leadership, the Leadership Grid, and situational leadership.
5. Describe transformational and charismatic leadership.
6. Explain the leadership role of mentoring and coaching.
7. Identify the skills that contribute to leadership.
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1. The Link Between Leadership And Management
Leadership is the ability to inspire confidence and support among the people who are needed to achieve organizational goals
Leadership is one of the basic functions of management. Managers must be leaders, but leaders must also be good managers.
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2. The Leadership Use Of Power And Authority
Power: The ability or potential to influence decisions and control resources.
Authority: The formal right to get people to do things or the formal right to control resources.
Sources of Power
Subordinate Power (power
exerted upward)
Referent Power (based on loyalty
to leader)
Expert Power (based on job knowledge)
Coercive Power (control over punishments)
Reward Power (control of
valuable rewards) Legitimate Power
(authentic right)
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Influence Tactics Used by Leaders
1. Leading by example 2. Leading by values 3. Assertiveness 4. Rationalilty (appealing to
logic and reason) 5. Ingratiation 6. Exchange of favors 7. Coalition formation
(strength in numbers) 8. Joking and kidding
So which influence tactic should a leader choose?
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3. Characteristics, Traits and Behaviours of Effective Leaders
a. Characteristics and Traits of Effective Leaders
1. Driven, high achievers, passionate
2. Possess a strong desire to control others
3. Self-confident combined with humility
4. Trustworthy and honest
5. Good intellectual ability, knowledge, and technical competence
6. Sense of humor
7. Emotional intelligence
8. Leadership efficacy
b. Behaviors and Skills of Effective Leaders
Is adaptable to the situation
Establishes a direction for and demands high standards of performance from group members
Is visible and maintains a social presence
Provides emotional support to group members
Gives frequent feedback and accepts feedback
Plays the role of servant leader
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4. Leadership Styles
Leadership style: The typical pattern of behaviour that a leader uses to influence his or her employees to achieve organizational goals.
Two basic leadership styles: Participative Leaders are one who shares decision
making with group members: consultative, consensus, or democratic leaders
Autocratic Leaders retain most of the authority for themselves.
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The Leadership Continuum
Amount of Authority Held by the Leader
Amount of Authority Held by Group Members
Autocratic Style
Participative Style
Free-Rein Style
Consultative Consensus Democratic
Leadership Grid Leadership Styles
Leadership Grid®: A visual representation of different combinations of a leader’s degree of concern for task-related issues.
Seven combinations of concern for results and people: 9,9 Sound: Ideal Grid
position is sound leader who contributes and commits.
OPP Opportunistic: leader exploits and manipulates.
Situational Leadership®II Matches leadership style to level of commitment and competence of group
members on given task.
Leadership depends on supporting and directing behaviors, with four styles:
S1—Directing S2—Coaching
S3—Supporting S4—Delegating
Delegating style is best for self-reliant achiever
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5. Transformational And Charismatic Leadership
a. Transformational Leadership
A transformational leader helps organization and people make positive changes
Transformations take place in one or more of three ways:
i. Awareness of value of rewards
ii. Gets people to look beyond self-interest
iii. Gets people to focus on self-fulfillment
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Charisma: The ability to lead or influence others based on personal charm, magnetism, inspiration, and emotion.
Qualities of Charismatic Leader:
i. Possess a vision (exciting image of future)
ii. Masterful communication style
iii. Inspires trust
iv. Energy and action orientation
v. Inspiring leadership (emotionally arouses people)
b. Charismatic Leadership
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How to Develop Charisma
1. Use visioning
2. Make frequent use of metaphors
3. Inspire trust and confidence.
4. Be energetic and goal oriented
5. Smile frequently
6. Make people you meet feel important.
7. Have an effective handshake.
8. Stand up straight and use nonverbal signs of self-confidence.
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6. The Leader as Mentor and Coach
A mentor is a more experienced person who develops a protégé’s abilities through tutoring, coaching, guidance, and emotional support.
Coaching focuses more on performance.
Mentor is trusted counselor and guide.
Helping protégé solve problems is an important part of mentoring.
Shadowing is directly observing work activities of mentor.
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7. Leadership Skills
1. Technical and interpersonal
2. Sizing up situations
3. Exerting influence
4. Motivating team members
5. Resolving conflict
6. Solving problems
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Homework for group presentation
Prepare for a 15 minute group presentation on Case Problem 10-A: “Michelle Rhee Makes Waves in D.C.”, page 385:
Describe shortly the case problem
Answer all questions in the case problem
Email your files to the lecturer