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Envirolyte O&G“Nature’s Natural Biocide”
An Environmentally Friendly Alternative Biocide for the Oil & Gas Industry
tm
IMPORTANCE OF UTILIZING AN EFFECTIVE BIOCIDE
Corrosion due to Acid Producing
Bacteria (APB)
Tubing in Barnett Shale – In Operation
less than 6 months
Tubing in Hole - Waiting
Permit Approval to Produce
– 6 Months
AEROBIC BACTERIA (GAB & IRB) – Require Oxygen
General Aerobic Bacteria (GAB)
• Slime forming bacteria
• Produces polysaccharide biofilm resulting in a bulky mass
• Reduces reservoir porosity, initiates corrosion or pitting, & causes fouling
Iron Reducing Bacteria (IRB)
• Consumes soluble iron ions & oxidizes them from ferrous to ferric state
• Precipitates them as insoluble sheaths of iron hydroxide.
ANAEROBIC BACTERIA (SRB & APB) – Refuse Oxygen
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB)
• Obtains needed energy by reacting with sulfates in formation
• Reduces them into sulfides producing H2S as a by-product
• H2S H2SO4 = corrosion of tubulars & other equipment, can turn from sweet
sour
• Iron sulfide (FeS) scale can form that quickly plugs oil field tubular goods, etc.
Acid Producing Bacteria (APB)
• Under the same reductive conditions that SRB’s operate in, APB’s degrade
organics with release of short chain fatty acids corrosion
BACTERIA ARE THE ENEMY
GOT BUGS?
• H2S issues, biofilm formation & associated corrosion, & safety issues
• Impediment of success of various stimulation activities
• Reservoir souring, fouling & formation damage
• Catastrophic failure of wellbores & production facilities
• Water disposal & water flood system corrosion
• Surface pipeline, process equipment, & storage tank corrosion
• Increase downstream capital costs for H2S treatment facilities & sour crude
refineries
• Increase system downtime resulting in loss of production and increase of
maintenance costs
Cascade Effect
• Bacteria reduction in frac water
• Increase production capacity
• Reduce need for costly well interventions
• Reduce replacement costs - down-hole tubulars, surface
piping & equipment maintenance
• Reduce capital costs needed to treat for sour gas &/or
sour crude refineries
• Reduce use of H2S scavengers to control biogenic H2S
levels
Envirolyte O>M Mitigates Problems,
Improves Profitability & Safety
NATURE’S NATURAL BIOCIDE
Global Recognition in Medical Field as Effective Non-Toxic Disinfectant
Bacteria Cell Destroyed
HOClEnvirolyte’s
active ingredient;
concentrated ion
Ions rush in & break through cell wall = killing
of bacterial cells
Bacteria has lower ion concentration and attracts highly concentrated ions
H2ONaCl
Basic Production Envirolyte–Electrical Chemical Activation
(ECA)
Electrolytic Generator
Primarily chlorine based in form
of Hypochlorous Acid (HOCl)
pH range 5.5 - 7.0
ORP = 1,000+/-
FAC = 500+/-
HOCl = 500 ppm
Cl2 + H2O (Chlorine) (Water)
HOCl + HCl(Hypochlorous Acid) (Hydrochloric Acid)
CHEMISTRY
Ceramic or
Polymer High
Rejection
Patented semi-
permeable cell
membrane
CatholyteAnolyte
Envirolyte
Primarily sodium & hydroxide based
in form of Sodium Hypochlorite
(NaOCl)
Elimination of Sodium
Hypochlorite from Anolyte makes
disinfection possible with lower pH
CHEMISTRY
pH range = 9-13
ORP = Minus 6-900
BARNETT - LITTLE HOSS FIELD
DBI Laboratory Study Results
• Universal Bacteria Specialist gave design study to DBI Chemical Consultants to test
effectiveness of Envirolyte in Barnett Shale
• Production water samples were collected from the Little Hoss Field (Barnett
Shale)
• Production water samples were immediately subjected to API RP 38 serial dilution
method for bacterial content and complete anion & cation analysis
1-10 10-100 100-1M 1M-10M 10M-100M 100M-1MM 1-10MM 10-100MM Bacteria Colonies/MML
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria – API Serial Dilution Tests
Produced H2O
No Envirolyte
Added
Produced H2O
1350 ppm
Envirolyte
Produced H2O
1,000 ppm
Envirolyte
Produced H2O
500ppm
Envirolyte
LITTLE HOSS FIELD (BARNETT SHALE)
General Aerobic Bacteria – API Serial Dilution Tests
Produced H2O
No Envirolyte
Added
Produced H2O
1350 ppm
Envirolyte
Produced H2O
1,000 ppm
Envirolyte
Produced H2O
500 ppm
Envirolyte
LITTLE HOSS FIELD (BARNETT SHALE)
1-10 10-100 100-1M 1M-10M 10M-100M 100M-1MM 1-10MM 10-100MM Bacteria Colonies/MML
Acid Producing Bacteria – API Serial Dilution Tests
Produced H2O
No Envirolyte
Added
Produced H2O
1,350 ppm
Envirolyte
Produced H2O
1,000 ppm
Envirolyte
Produced H2O
500 ppm
Envirolyte
1-10 10-100 100-1M 1M-10M 10M-100M 100M-1MM 1-10MM 10-100MM Bacteria Colonies/MML
LITTLE HOSS FIELD (BARNETT SHALE)
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
• Performed high kill rate at all concentrations of the production water tested
• Envirolyte used in this test had the following properties:
• Active HOCl: 500-1350 ppm
• ORP Reading: 1,008
• FAC: 604 ppm
• UBS now produces Envirolyte at a range of 1500‐1700 ppm active HOCl
• There was no evidence of Envirolyte product degradation
• Shelf life = 6 months
FIELD CASE STUDIES
FRAC JOB(Riecks Well - Wise County)
SQUEEZE(West Texas Water Flood)
BATTERY KILL(North Central Texas)
FRAC JOB INFORMATION
Well Name: RIECKS 1H
County: Wise
Location: Decatur, Texas
Depth: 7,000’ vertical & 9,500’ lateral
FRAC JOB – RIECKS 1H WELL
• 2 stage frac job
• 1.2MM gallons frac fluid pumped
• Biocide utilized: Envirolyte
• Pumping Rate: 1-2 gallons per 1,000 gallons of frac fluid (500ppm)
• Source water: Open pond
• DBI (independent lab) completed the following:
• water analysis
• bacterial content test
FRAC RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS
SAMPLING
• 1 hour into flow-back
• Two (2) weeks later after well was put online
• After One(1), Two(2), & Four(4) Months of production
CONCLUSIONS
• No “smells” like Glut, easy to handle
• Almost complete sterilization of formation when using Envirolyte
• No test bottles turned had more than 100 colonies of bacteria
• At a minimum, the results are comparable with other biocides but Envirolyte is a non-toxic
environmentally friendly & cost competitive product
• Adjacent wells with no Envirolyte added, had 100 times greater bacteria count than the
test well after 4 months of production
• No incompatibility issues with other frac chemicals
FRAC STUDY CONCLUSIONS Cont’d.
• To date, more than 100 wells have been fracked using Envirolyte
• No incompatibility, sterilization, pumping, or other issues have
developed from the use of Envirolyte
• All wells have been monitored & current data reveals high kill rates
• No additional “foot print” on the well pad is required for fracking as
Envirolyte is produced at our manufacturing location & shipped to site in
totes, drums, or chemical trailers
BAKKAN SOURCE WATER PROVIDED BY OASIS PETROLEUM
API RP 38 Serial Dilution Tests – Envirolyte Biocide
SQUEEZE JOB INFORMATION
• West Texas water flood field was experiencing numerous well failures due to H2S Corrosion
Issues - Production Tanks had vapors of up to 4,000 ppm
FIELD TEST STUDY
• Implemented a test study in 2010 using Envirolyte treatment for selected wells with frequent
tubing failures
• Selected wells were squeezed with 25 gallons of Envirolyte & 100 barrels of water
• Pump Rate: 3 bbl/min @ 1,000 psi
• Well water: +40 ppm H2S prior to treatment Reduced to 2 ppm H2S during treatment
• After 60 days wells returned back to +/- 40 ppm H2S
TREATMENT PROGRAM IMPLEMENTED
• All 82 wells in field were placed on injection pumps
• +/- 1.5 gallons of Envirolyte injected for X days
• Injection stops after acceptable log reduction is achieved & restarted as needed
SQUEEZE JOB RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS
• Purpose: clean up wellbore to protect tubing from future corrosion
• Wells responded nicely to squeeze & reduction in H2S levels indicates that
Envirolyte can be used to reduce H2S in producing wells under a waterflooding
program
• The client implemented an automatic injection program for this field
• Positive results from this effort have aided in the operator’s decision to use this
squeeze method for treatment of H2S & bacteriological treatment of wells in
other fields
• Other clients have now utilized this process to “batch treat” various locations
• The squeeze data indicates that the application of Envirolyte via batch treatment,
squeeze, and continuous injection may all be viable options for the reduction of
H2S generated from microbial activity
BATTERY KILL INFORMATION
• The North Central Texas tank battery
was chosen for initial testing because of
H2S presence & previous corrosion
issues
• The 300 bbl capacity tanks in the
battery were treated with 10 gallons of
Envirolyte in each tank
• A substantial kill was achieved in a
reduction from 100,000 to 1,000
colonies of bacteria
• Kill remained sterile in tanks for 15
days after which SRB’s began to return
Bacterial Tank Corrosion – North Texas Barnett Storage Facility
“Cut-Out” Plate Sections- In Service
Less than 6 months
• Envirolyte can be used in tank sterilization to impede both aerobic and
anaerobic bacteria strains
• Using Envirolyte shows potential to revolutionize water sterilization
BATTERY KILL RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS
WHY CHOOSE ENVIROLYTE?
• Environmentally safe & friendly (non-hazardous)
• Minimal potential risks concerning safety & health of personnel
• Biodegradable & 100% effective (bacterial kill)
• Offers 1500 ppm FAC
• Chemical residue free (food grade salt & tap water)
• Non-Toxic: Reverts back to natural state or compound
• EPA REGISTRATION #: 87636-2
• No special handling required (no hazmat required)
• Neutral pH & low dosage rate
• No disposal issues
• Cost competitive with traditional chemical biocides