t. pallidum par sa sensibilite et sa specificit6. kellogg

19
RErTER TREPONEME: A REVIEW OF THE L1TERATURE 85 T. pallidum par sa sensibilite et sa specificit6. Kellogg & Deacon (1964) ont decouvert une nouvelle tech- nique qui permet l'identification rapide de T. palli- dum. Lamedica & Robert (1957) ont appliqu6 la m6thode de l'hemagglutination A l'etude des anti- corps contre 1'antigene obtenu a partir du tr6po- n6me de Reiter. Giannettasio (195la-b) a utilise, pour des tests intradermiques, des cryolysats de tre- ponemes de Reiter prepares selon la methode de D'Alessandro. Reiter (1926a) rapporte que Sagel avait considera- blement ameliore I'etat clinique de sujets atteints de paresie en leur injectant un vaccin vivant obtenu A partir du tr6poneme de Reiter. Miller et al. (1960, 1963) et Carpenter et al. (1960) ont immunise des lapins par I'antig6ne proteique de Reiter; cependant apres inoculation de T. pallidum, ils n'ont observ6 aucune protection due A I'antigene proteinique. Meinicke (1956a) a constat6 que l'immunisation de lapins par le treponeme de Reiter tue ne produisait pas d'anticorps specifiques contre T. pallidum, bien que l'immunisation par T. pallidum ait amene la formation d'anticorps vis-a-vis du treponeme de Reiter. Faisant le point en matiere de recherche, Curtis (1964) note que les insuffisances des tests treponemi- ques et l'incapacite actuelle de definir une methode pratique d'immunisation n'ont pu etre vaincues en raison de l'ignorance entourant la structure anti- genique des treponemes et le role des divers anticorps chez 1'hote. Cependant, on a isole, a partir du tr6po- neme de Reiter, diverses fractions, polysaccharidi- que, proteique et lipidiques, et on a pu extraire cer- taines fractions antigeniques a partir d'organismes pathogenes. On est en droit d'esperer que ces travaux conduiront "a des tests treponemiques plus precis. 27. REFERENCES Allinne, M. & Beranger, J. (1959) Etude comparative de differentes r6actions s6rologiques de la syphilis. Algt'rie mid., 63, 417-430 Andujar, J. J. & Mazurek, E. E. (1959) The PlasmaCriT (PCI) test on capillary blood. Amer. J. clin. Path., 31, 197-204 Annear, D. I. (1962a) Preservation of the Reiter trepo- neme by drying from the liquid state. J. Bact., 83, 932-933 Annear, D. I. (1962b) The preservation of leptospires by drying from the liquid state. J. gen. Microbiol., 27, 341-343 Ashburn, L. L. (1959) False positive serologic tests for syphilis. Maryland med. J., 8, 78 Babudieri, R. (1958) Die Feinstruktur der Leptospiren und anderer Spirochaeten, Zbl. Bakt., L Abt. Orig., 173, 386-406 Barban, S. (1954) Studies on the metabolism of the treponemata: I. Amino acid metabolism. J. Bact., 68, 493-497 Barban, S. (1956) Studies on the metabolism of the tre- ponemata: II. Transamination in the Reiter treponeme. J. Bact., 71, 274-277 Bauer, H. & Pinke, K. (1960) Laboratory evaluation: Reiter protein complement-fixation test in the diagnosis of syphilis. Minn. Med., 43, 1-5 Bazex, A. & Salvador, R. (1960) Resultats du test de Nelson et pratique des antigenes tr6pon6miques ultra- sonn6s (souche Reiter), a la clinique des maladies cutanees et syphilitiques de Toulouse. Bull. Soc. franf-. Derm. Syph., 67, 796-798 Bazex, A., Salvador, R. & Dupre, A. (1964) R6infection syphilitique chez un malade n'ayant pas n6gative la s6rologie de sa premiere infection. Bull. Soc. franc. Derm. Syph., 71, 353-356 Beardmore, W. B. & Dodd, M. C. (1950) The growth of the Reiter strain of Treponema pallidum in the chick embryo. J. Bact., 60, 5-7 Beck, A. (1939) The role of the spirochaete in the Wasser- mann reaction. J. Hyg. (Lond.), 39, 298-310 Bednova, V. N. (1957) [Significance of seed granules in development of cultural Treponema pallidum3. Vestn. Vener. Derm., 1, 23-26 Bekker, J. H. (1957) Report on the experiences obtained in the Netherlands with treponemal antigens (Nichols and Reiter strain) in the serodiagnosis of syphilis. Versl. Volksgezondh., December, p. 1350 Bekker, J. H. (1958) De toepassing van de complement- bindingsreactie met een eiwitantigeen uit de Reiter- Stam van Treponema pallidum (RPCF Reactie) bij de serologische diagnostiek van syfilis. Arch. belges Derm., 14, 279-289 Bekker, J. H. (1959) Specificity and sensitivity of the Reiter protein complement-fixation test: report on 1400 selected sera. Brit. J. vener. Dis., 35, 129-131 Bekker J. H. (1960) De klinische interpretatie van de modern serologische reacties bij de diagnostiek van syfilis. Ned. T. Geneesk., 104, 1935-1937 Bekker, J. H. (1962) Limitations of the Reiter protein complement-fixation (RPCF) test. Brit. J. vener. Dis., 38, 131-133 Bekker, J. H. & Onvlee, P. C. (1959) The Reiter protein complement fixation test in experimental syphilis. Antonie v. Leeuwenhoek, 25, 3840

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RErTER TREPONEME: A REVIEW OF THE L1TERATURE 85

T. pallidum par sa sensibilite et sa specificit6. Kellogg& Deacon (1964) ont decouvert une nouvelle tech-nique qui permet l'identification rapide de T. palli-dum. Lamedica & Robert (1957) ont appliqu6 lam6thode de l'hemagglutination A l'etude des anti-corps contre 1'antigene obtenu a partir du tr6po-n6me de Reiter. Giannettasio (195la-b) a utilise,pour des tests intradermiques, des cryolysats de tre-ponemes de Reiter prepares selon la methode deD'Alessandro.

Reiter (1926a) rapporte que Sagel avait considera-blement ameliore I'etat clinique de sujets atteints deparesie en leur injectant un vaccin vivant obtenu Apartir du tr6poneme de Reiter. Miller et al. (1960,1963) et Carpenter et al. (1960) ont immunise deslapins par I'antig6ne proteique de Reiter; cependantapres inoculation de T. pallidum, ils n'ont observ6aucune protection due A I'antigene proteinique.

Meinicke (1956a) a constat6 que l'immunisation delapins par le treponeme de Reiter tue ne produisaitpas d'anticorps specifiques contre T. pallidum, bienque l'immunisation par T. pallidum ait amene laformation d'anticorps vis-a-vis du treponeme deReiter.

Faisant le point en matiere de recherche, Curtis(1964) note que les insuffisances des tests treponemi-ques et l'incapacite actuelle de definir une methodepratique d'immunisation n'ont pu etre vaincues enraison de l'ignorance entourant la structure anti-genique des treponemes et le role des divers anticorpschez 1'hote. Cependant, on a isole, a partir du tr6po-neme de Reiter, diverses fractions, polysaccharidi-que, proteique et lipidiques, et on a pu extraire cer-taines fractions antigeniques a partir d'organismespathogenes. On est en droit d'esperer que ces travauxconduiront "a des tests treponemiques plus precis.

27. REFERENCES

Allinne, M. & Beranger, J. (1959) Etude comparative dedifferentes r6actions s6rologiques de la syphilis.Algt'rie mid., 63, 417-430

Andujar, J. J. & Mazurek, E. E. (1959) The PlasmaCriT(PCI) test on capillary blood. Amer. J. clin. Path., 31,197-204

Annear, D. I. (1962a) Preservation of the Reiter trepo-neme by drying from the liquid state. J. Bact., 83,932-933

Annear, D. I. (1962b) The preservation of leptospires bydrying from the liquid state. J. gen. Microbiol., 27,341-343

Ashburn, L. L. (1959) False positive serologic tests forsyphilis. Maryland med. J., 8, 78

Babudieri, R. (1958) Die Feinstruktur der Leptospiren undanderer Spirochaeten, Zbl. Bakt., L Abt. Orig., 173,386-406

Barban, S. (1954) Studies on the metabolism of thetreponemata: I. Amino acid metabolism. J. Bact., 68,493-497

Barban, S. (1956) Studies on the metabolism of the tre-ponemata: II. Transamination in the Reiter treponeme.J. Bact., 71, 274-277

Bauer, H. & Pinke, K. (1960) Laboratory evaluation:Reiter protein complement-fixation test in the diagnosisof syphilis. Minn. Med., 43, 1-5

Bazex, A. & Salvador, R. (1960) Resultats du test deNelson et pratique des antigenes tr6pon6miques ultra-sonn6s (souche Reiter), a la clinique des maladiescutanees et syphilitiques de Toulouse. Bull. Soc. franf-.Derm. Syph., 67, 796-798

Bazex, A., Salvador, R. & Dupre, A. (1964) R6infectionsyphilitique chez un malade n'ayant pas n6gative las6rologie de sa premiere infection. Bull. Soc. franc.Derm. Syph., 71, 353-356

Beardmore, W. B. & Dodd, M. C. (1950) The growth ofthe Reiter strain of Treponema pallidum in the chickembryo. J. Bact., 60, 5-7

Beck, A. (1939) The role of the spirochaete in the Wasser-mann reaction. J. Hyg. (Lond.), 39, 298-310

Bednova, V. N. (1957) [Significance of seed granules indevelopment of cultural Treponema pallidum3. Vestn.Vener. Derm., 1, 23-26

Bekker, J. H. (1957) Report on the experiences obtainedin the Netherlands with treponemal antigens (Nicholsand Reiter strain) in the serodiagnosis of syphilis.Versl. Volksgezondh., December, p. 1350

Bekker, J. H. (1958) De toepassing van de complement-bindingsreactie met een eiwitantigeen uit de Reiter-Stam van Treponema pallidum (RPCF Reactie) bij deserologische diagnostiek van syfilis. Arch. belgesDerm., 14, 279-289

Bekker, J. H. (1959) Specificity and sensitivity of theReiter protein complement-fixation test: report on1400 selected sera. Brit. J. vener. Dis., 35, 129-131

Bekker J. H. (1960) De klinische interpretatie van demodern serologische reacties bij de diagnostiek vansyfilis. Ned. T. Geneesk., 104, 1935-1937

Bekker, J. H. (1962) Limitations of the Reiter proteincomplement-fixation (RPCF) test. Brit. J. vener. Dis.,38, 131-133

Bekker, J. H. & Onvlee, P. C. (1959) The Reiter proteincomplement fixation test in experimental syphilis.Antonie v. Leeuwenhoek, 25, 3840

86 A. L. WALLACE & A. HARRIS

Benazet, F., Brottes, H., Thivolet, J. & Sohier, R. (1954)Etude compar6e de la reaction d'immobilisation deNelson-Mayer et des reactions de fixation du comple-ment effectuees avec les antigenes tr6ponemiques(Souche Reiter) et les antigenes cardiolipiques. Ann.Inst. Pasteur, 86, 674-678

Benazet, F., Colobert, L., Layous, A. & Duffrene, A.(1958) Valeur compar6e de quelques antigenes tr6po-nemiques pour le s6ro-diagnostic de la syphilis.Rev. Hyg. Med. soc., 6, 349-363

Benazet, F., Peillard, M., Brottes, H., Lartigau, G. &Layous, A. (1957) Les antigenes treponemiques dans lediagnostic de la syphilis. Rev. Hyg. Mid. soc., 5,515-543

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REITER TREPONEME: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 87

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REITER TREPONEME: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 93

Hanson, A. W. & Cannefax, G. R. (1965) Five surfacecolony types observed in cultures of cultivable membersof the family Treponemataceae. Brit. J. vener. Dis.,41, 163-167

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Hardy, P. H., Jr, Lee, Y. C. & Nell, E. E. (1963) Colonialgrowth of anaerobic spirochetes on solid media.J. Bact., 86, 616-626

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Harris, A. (1958) Reiter protein complement-fixation tests.In: Ninth Annual Symposium on Recent Advances in theStudy of Venereal Diseases. Digest of Proceedings,Paper 13, Atlanta, Ga., United States Public HealthService

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Harris, A., Bossak, H. N., Deacon, W. E. & Bunch, W. L.,Jr (1960) Comparison of the fluorescent treponemalantibody (FTA) test with other tests for syphilison cerebrospinal fluid. Brit. J. vener. Dis., 36, 178-180

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Hoeltzer, R. R. (1933) tYber die Anwendung alkoholi-sierter Pallidaaufschwemmungen zur Serodiagnose derSyphilis. Z. Immun.-Forsch., 80, 368-374

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Hunter, E. F. (1964) Nature and control offalse positivereactions in the fluorescent treponemal antibody test.In: Proceedings of the World Forum on Syphilis andOther Treponematoses . . . 1962, Washington, D.C.,US Government Printing Office, pp. 269-272 (PublicHealth Service Publication No. 997)

Hunter, E. F., Deacon, W. E. & Meyer, P. E. (1964)An improved FTA test for syphilis, the absorptionprocedure (FTA-ABS). Publ. Hlth Rep. (Wash.), 79,410-412

Hussey, M. S. & Nowinski, W. W. (1949) Hyaluron-idase activity in Reiter strain of Treponema pailidum.Tex. Rep. Biol. Med., 7, 73-79

Iowa State Department of Health (1959) Interpretationof treponemal tests for syphilis. J. Iowa St. med. Soc.,49, 64-65

Jahnel, F. (1934) Lasst sich die Spirochaeta pallida aufkunstlichen Nahrboden kultivieren? Klin. Wschr., 13,550-553

Jeney, E., Csoka, I. & Biro, L. (1956a) A Reiter-spiro-chaeta lipoid fractiojanak a Pallida-reactioban jatszottszereperol. Borgyogy. vener. Szle., 10, 165-169

Jeney, E., &soka, I. & Biro, L. (1957a) Bedeutung derPallida-Reaktion in der Diagnostik der Syphilis.Hautarzt, 8, 322-323

Jeney, E., Csoka, I. & Biro, L. (1957b) Die Bedeutung derLipoidfraktion der Reiter-Spirochitte in der Pallida-Reaktion. Z. Immun.-Forsch., 113, 489-494

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Joest, W. (1955) Die Pallida-Reaktion bei der Sero-diagnosis der Lues. Z. Haut- u. Geschl.-Kr., 18, 300-304

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Kagan, G. Ja. & Levashev, V. S. (1961) [On the L-formingactivity of certain antibiotics in experimental conditionsin vitro]. Antibiotiki, 6, 383-385

Kanof, N. B. (1959) False positive reactions in serologictests for syphilis. The interpretation of specific trepo-nemal tests. Proc. Rudolf Virchow med. Soc. ScientificSessions, 18, 53-57

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Kawata, T. (1957) Electron microscopy of ultrathinsections of Borrelia duttonii and Reiter spirochete.Yonag? Acda. med., 2, 142-147

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Keller, R. & Morton, H. E. (1952) The effect of a handsoap and a hexachlorophene soap on the cultivatabletreponemata. Amer. J. Syph., 36, 524-527

Keller, R. & Morton, H. E. (1953) Susceptibility ofKazan, Nichols, and Reiter strains of treponema andPPLO organisms to the antibiotic erythromycin(ilotycin). Amer. J. Syph., 37, 379-382

Kellogg, D. S., Jr & Deacon, W. E. (1964) A new rapidimmunofluorescent staining technique for identifica-tion of Treponema pallidum and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.), 115, 963-965

Kent, J. F., Covert, S. V., Reilly, H. W., Kinch, W. H. &Lawson, W. B. (1962) Evaluation of fluorescent trepo-nemal antibody (RFTA and FTA II) and other tests(RPCF and TPI) for syphilis. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol.(N.Y.), 109, 584-589

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Kent, J. F., De Weerdt, J. B., Lawson, W. B. & Kinch,W. H. (1964b) Course of the serologic reactions inrabbits inoculated with different numbers of Treponemapallidum. In: New York State Department of Health,Annual report of the Division of Laboratories andResearch for 1963, Albany, pp. 77-78

Kent, J. F., De Weerdt, J. B., Lawson, W. B. & Kinch,W. H. (1964c) Treponemal antibodies in bovine andporcine sera. In: New York State Department ofHealth, Annual Report of the Division of Laboratoriesand Research for 1963, Albany, pp. 78-79

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Kjellander, J., Sievers, 0. & Vogelsang, T. M. (1961) TheReiter protein complement-fixation test for syphilis(RPCF) compared with the Treponema pallidumimmobilization test (TPI) in a selected material.Acta. path. microbiol. scand., 51, Suppl. 144, pp. 269-270

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I IRTREPONEME: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 95

Kolmer, J. A. (1942c) Value of complement-fixation andagglutination with spirochetal antigens and relation ofspirochetal antibodies to Wassermann reagin. Arch.Derm. Syph. (Chicago), 45, 455-477

Kolmer, J. A., Kast, C. C. & Lynch, E. R. (1941a)Studies on the role of Spirochaeta pallida in the Wasser-mann reaction. I. Complement-fixation in syphilis,leprosy, and malaria with spirochetal antigens. Amer.J. Syph., 25, 300-318

Kolmer, J. A., Kast, C. C. & Lynch, E. R. (1941b)Studies on the role of Spirochaeta pallida in the Wasser-mann reaction. II. The relation of spirochetal anti-bodics to the Wassermann reagin. Amer. J. Syph., 25,412-434

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Kostant, G. H. & Kelcec, L. C. (1958) An effectivesimplified serologic test for syphilis employing Reiterprotein. A.M.A. Arch. Derm., 78, 181-185

Kostant, G. H., Landy, S. E. & Kelcec, L. C. (1961)Long-term serologic studies with treponemal pro-cedures. Arch. Derm., 84, 310-312

Kostant, G. H., Landy, S. E., Miller, J. & Kelcec, L. C.(1959) Treponemal tests on cerebrospinal fluid.Arch. Derm., 80, 439-441

Kro6, H. & Schultze, F. 0. (1928) Untersuchungen fiberdie Immunitatsvorgange bei Syphilis. I. Spirochaten-spezifische Antikorper beim Menschen. Klin. Wschr., 7,246-248

Kro6, H. & Schultze, F. 0. (1929) Untersuchungen uiberdie Immunitatsvorg&inge bei Syphilis. III. Stamm-spezifische Komplementbindung und Schutzkorper.Klin. Wschr., 8, 1203-1206

Labouche, F., Nicolas, J. J. & Fritz, A. (1964) R6flexionsa propos d'un cas de syphilis cong6nitale pr6coce.Presse mnd., 72, 99-100

Lamedica, G. & Robert, L. (1957) Impiego dell'antigenetreponemico proteico solubile (ATPS) in una reazionedi emoagglutinazione. Igiene med., 50, 345-358

Lancet, 1926, 1, 882 (Annotations-Berlin: Cultivationof Spirochaeta pallida)

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Levaditi, C. (1946) Le Treponemapallidum en microscopie6lectronique. Presse med., 54, 85-86

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Listgarten, M. A. & Socransky, S. S. (1964) Electronmicroscopy of axial fibrils, outer envelope, and celldivision of certain oral spirochetes. J. Bact., 88,1087-1103

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Lo Monaco, G. B. & Berdondini, I. (1963) Considera-zioni sui risultati di un triennio (1959-1961) di indaginisierologiche per l'accertamento della lue in variecategorie della popolazione di Firenze. Ann. Sclavo,5, 52-68

Luba§evskaja, L. N. (1961) [The value of the Wasser-mann reaction with sound-treated antigen and Reiter'sprotein fraction of the spirochaete in seroresistantsyphilis]. Vestn. Derm. Vener., 7, 61-65

Lynch, F. W. & Binder, G. H., Jr (1960) Reiter proteincomplement-fixation test in the diagnosis of syphilis-a clinical evaluation. Minn. Med., 43, 6-10

Lynch, F. W., Kimball, A. C. & Kernan, P. D. (1960)Serologic test for syphilis following smallpox vaccina-tion and including Reiter protein complement-fixationtechnic. J. invest. Derm., 34, 219-222

McLeod, C. P. & Garson, W. (1962) Four studies onTPCF antigen. IV. Relationship of TPCF antibody tothree other antibodies in syphilitic serum. Publ. HlthRep. (Wash.), 77, 446-451

Magath, T. B. (1960) The serologic problem of syphilis,even today. Amer. J. clin. Path., 34, 338-345

Magnuson, H. J., Eagle, H. & Fleischman, R. (1948) Theminimal infectious inoculum of S. pallida (Nicholsstrain) and a consideration of its rate of multiplicationin vivo. Amer. J. Syph., 32, 1-18

Mandel, E. H., Markel, J. & Kim, Y. P. (1961) A false-positive Treponema pallidum complement-fixation(TPCF) test: report of a patient with herpes zoster.J. Amer. med. Ass., 175, 1104-1106

Manson, R. C. & Trice, E. R. (1963) The changing patternof syphilis. 5th. med. J. (Bgham, Ala.), 56, 705-710

Mathieson, D. R. (1962) Blood donors with positivereactions to serologic tests for syphilis after recentsuccessful smallpox vaccinations. Transfusion(Philad.), 2, 341

Matz, K. & Schmalbach, K. (1962) Die Wertung derSpirochatenagglutinationsreaktion fur die Diagnoseluetischer Erkrnkungen gemessen an klinischgesicherten neurologischen F3llen. Dtsch. Z. Nerven-heilk., 183, 564-578

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Medina, R. (1964) El c4rate en Venezuela. Estudio de laenfermedad en el medio natural y resultado de losensayos de inoculaci6n experimental. Derm. venez., 3,160-230

Medina, R., Briceflo Iragorri, L. & Gil Izaguire, A. (1961)La reacci6n de desviaci6n del complemento conextracto proteico de treponemas (cepa Reiter) en eldiagn6stico de las treponematosis humanas. Rev.Sanid. Asist. soc., 26, 556-561

Meinicke, K. (1955) OJber den Nachweis drei verschiede-ner Antik6rper im Serum und Liquor von Luikern.Arch. Derm. Syph. (Berl.), 200, 536-546

Meinicke, K. (1956a) Tierexperimentelle und serolo-gische Untersuchungen zur Trennung der Kultur-treponemen (Reiter) von virulenten Treponematapallida. Hautarzt, 7, 448-457

Meinicke, K. (1956b) Zuchtungsversuche des Treponemapallidum auf kiinstlichen Nahrboden. Hautarzt, 7,407-413

Meinicke, K. (1961) In vitro-Versuche uiber die Wirkungdes neuen Anti-Mycoticums griseofulvin auf Trepo-nemen. Hautarzt, 12, 26-29

Meyer-Rohn, J. & Fromm, G. (1959) Beitrage zur Lues-Serologie. II. Die Spezifitat des Nelson-Tests imVergleich zur Spezifitat der Pallida-Reaktion und derklassischen Lipoid-Reaktionen. Arch. klin. exp.Derm., 209, 369-390

Mezzadra, G. (1959) Le reazioni di fissazione del com-plemento con antigeni treponemici: Indagini clinico-sperimentali sulla loro importanza e significato neiconfronti del T.P.I.-Test. Dermatologia (Napoli), 10,168-179

Mezzadra, G. (1962) Anacronismo sierologico in un casodi streptobacillosi e sifilide. Minerva derm., 37, 178-179

Mezzadra, G. (1964) Sull'anticorpogenesi in lueticicurati in sequito alla inoculazione intradermica ditreponemi uccisi (ceppo Nichols). Riv. Ist. sieroter.ital., 39, 263-270

Michigan Pathological Society (1962) Pathology com-ment. Laboratory tests for syphilis. J. Mich. med. Soc.,61, 365

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Miller, J. L., Meyer, P. G. & Siledes, D. (1961) Evaluationof the results of the RPCF and TPI tests in 800 patients,with critical analysis of those with disagreements.In: Twelfth Annual Symposium on Recent Advances inthe Study of Venereal Diseases. Digest of Proceedings,Paper 9, Atlanta, Ga., United States Public HealthService

Miller, J. N. (1964) The appearance and persistence ofVDRL, RPCF, and TPI antibody during the courseand treatment of experimental syphilis,in the rabbit.J. invest. Derm., 42, 367-371

Miller, J. N., Boak, R. A. & Carpenter, C. M. (1958)Reiter protein complement-fixation test. Calif. Med.,88, 297-299

Miller, J. N., Carpenter, C. M., Boak, R. A., Linscott,W. D., Whang, S. J. & Fazzan, F. P. (1960) Theserologic response of normal and Reiter protein-immu-nized rabbits subsequent to an infection with virulentTreponema pallidum. In: Eleventh Annual Symposiumon Recent Advances in the Study of Venereal Diseases.Digest of Proceedings, Paper 22, Atlanta, Ga., UnitedStates Public Health Service

Miller, J. N., Carpenter, C. M., Boak, R. A., Peterson,E. T., Pait, C. F., Lawrence, C. A., Heidbreder, G. A.,Linscott, W. D. & Fazzan, F. P. (1961) Multiplelaboratory evaluation of the Reiter protein comple-ment-fixation method. Calif. Med., 94, 203-208

Miller, J. N., Fazzan, F. P. & Whang, S. J. (1963)Studies on immunity in experimental syphilis. II. Tre-ponema pallidum immobilization (TPI) antibody andthe immune response. Brit. J. vener. Dis., 39, 199-203

Miller, J. N., Whang, S. J. & Fazzan, F. P. (1963) Studieson immunity in experimental syphilis. I. Immunologicresponse of rabbits immunized with Reiter proteinantigen and challenged with virulent Treponemapallidum. Brit. J. vener. Dis., 39, 195-198

Mirdamadi, H. (1959) A rapid method of complement-fixation test for syphilis. Acta med. iran., 3, No. 1,pp. 35-48

Mirdamadi, H. (1962) Note sur la desintegration du tre-poneme de Reiter. Rev. med. Moy. Or., 19, 669-673

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Montes de Oca, I. & Maekelt, G. A. (1960) Primerasexperiencias con antigenos preparados de cultivo deTreponema de Reiter en casos de buba, carate, esifilis. Arch. venez. Med. trop., 3, 161-172

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Morenz, J. & Koster, K. (1962) Zur Anwendung derKolmertechnik bei der Pallida-Komplementbindungs-reaktion. Z. ges. Hyg., 8, 302-310

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Mulzer, P. & Nothhaas, R. (1928) Superinfektionsver-suche mit einem durch Verimpfung von Kulturspiro-chaten (Reiter) in den Kaninchenhoden gewonnenenStamm. Munch. med. Wschr., 75, 169-171

Muraschi, T. F. & Miller, J. K. (1957) Reiter proteincomplement-fixation (RPCF) test for syphilis. In:New York State Department of Health, AnnualReport of Division of Laboratories, Albany, p. 65

Muster, I. (1942) La pallidar6action (test s6rologique deGaehtgens dans la syphilis). Dermatologica (Basel),86, 351-365

Mutermilch, S. & Delaville, M. (1955) L'emploi d'anti-genes treponemiques (souche Reiter) pour le s6ro-diagnostic de la syphilis dans les serums et les liquidescephalorachidiens. Ann. Biol. clin., 13, 398-401

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Northw. Med. (Seattle), 1959, New state health programfor diagnosing syphilis approved by society committee,58, 1009

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Oddo, F. G. & D'Ambrosio, G. (1947) Sugli anticorpiantispirochetici nella sifilide umana. Ulteriori ricerchesull'esistenza nelle spirochete del ceppo Reiter degliantigeni treponema-specifici cottolabile e cottostabile.Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper., 23, 883-884

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Oyama, V. I., Steinman, H. G. & Eagle, H. (1953) Thenutritional requirements of treponemata. V. A detoxi-fied lipid as the essential growth factor supplied bycrystallized serum albumin. J. Bact., 65, 609-616

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Peterson, E. T., DeHaven, R. C., Wright, E. & Miller,J. N. (1960) The Reiter protein complement-fixationtest. Amer. J. clin. Path., 34, 231-236

Pillot, J. (1962a) La culture des treponemes. I. Milieu debase et facteur serum pour la culture du tr6pon6meReiter. Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 103, 231-252

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Pillot, J. & Faure, M. (1959) Composition antigenique destreponemes. I. L'antigene proteique de groupe de lasouche Reiter. Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 96, 196-210

Pillot, J., Nadal, C. & Bordier, J. (1958) Emploi systema-tique des antigenes treponemiques dans la serologie dela syphilis. Comparaison de deux types de preparations.Bull. Soc. frang. Derm. Syph., 65, 304-307

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Portnoy, J. (1962) El presente estado de las nuevaspruebas diagn6sticas para las enfermedades venereas.Salud publ. Mex., 4, 621-627

Portnoy, J., Garson, W. & Washburn, T. C. (1960)The effect of inadequate treatment on the disappearanceof reagin, TPCF, and RPCF antibodies in experimentalrabbit syphilis. In: Eleventh Annual Symposium onRecent Advances in the Study of Venereal Diseases.Digest of Proceedings, Paper 23, Atlanta, Ga., UnitedStates Public Health Service

Portnoy, J., Julian, A. J., Smith, J. F. & Harris, A. (1963)Fractionation studies of antibodies detected in sero-logical tests for syphilis. Brit. J. vener. Dis., 39, 33-36

Portnoy, J. & Magnuson, H. J. (1955) Immunologicstudies with fractions of virulent T. pallidum. I. Pre-paration of an antigen by desoxycholate extraction andits use in complement-fixation. J. Immunol., 75, 348-355

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Pr6vot, A. R. (1957) Manuel de classification et de deter-mination des bacteries anae'robies, 3me ed., Paris,Masson & Cie (Monographie de l'Institut Pasteur,Chapitre X)

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Puccinelli, V. A. (1946a) Il comportamento dell'anticorpoantitreponemico e dell'anticorpo antilipoideo duranteil trattamento della sifilide recente. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol.sper., 22, 172

Puccinelli, V. A. (1946b) II comportamento dell'anticorpoantitreponemico e dell'anticorpo antilipoideo duranteil trattamento della sifilide recente. G. ital. Derm.,87, 15-28

Puccinelli, V. A. (1951) Recent advances in the sero-diagnosis of syphilis. Amer. J. Syph., 35, 343-347

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Puccinelli, V. A. (1953) Sul valore della presenza dell'anti-corpo antiproteico (TL) nel siero del sifilitico latente.G. ital. Derm., 94, 369-378

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Putkonen, T., Jokinen, E. J. & Forstrom, L. (1963)Reiter Protein complement-fixation test in treatedneurosyphilis. Acta derm. venereol. (Stockh.), 43,405-412

Raistrick, H. & Topley, W. W. C. (1934) Immunizingfractions isolated from Bact. aertrycke. Brit. J. exp.Path., 15, 113-130

Realmuto, A. & Censuales, S. (1959) Accertamentosierologico della sifilide su 41.675 donatori volontaridi sangue. Ann. Sanita pubbl., 20, 515-525

Rein, C. R., Kelcec, L. C., D'Alessandro, G. & Bruijn, J.H. de (1957) Sensitivity and specificity of Reiter proteincomplement-fixation (RPCF) test for syphilis. J. invest.Derm., 28, 459462

Reiter, H. (1926a) Praktische Verwertung der Rein-kulturen von Spirochaete dentium und pallida. Derm.Wschr., 33, 1199-1201

Reiter, H. (1926b) Uber Fortzuichtung von Reinkulturender Spirochaete pallida, Spirochaete dentium, andSpirochaete recurrens. Klin. Wschr., 5, 444-445

Reiter, H. (1929) Spirochatenkulturen und ihre Anwen-dung. Derm. Wschr., 39, 1401-1406

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Robinson, L. B. & Wichelhausen, R. H. (1946) Theproblem of identification of oral spirochetes anddescription of a precipitin test for their serologicaldifferentiation. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp., 79, 436-450

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Roemer, G. B. (1949) Eine neue serologische Reaktionzur Lues-Diagnose. Zbl. Bakt., I. Abt. Orig., 154,208*-211 *

Roemer, G. B. & Schlipkoter, H. (1953) Die Spirochaten-agglutination, eine einfache Reaktion zur Lues-Diagnostik in Liquor. Dtsch. med. Wschr., 78, 345-347

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Ruge, H. (1956b) Role of Treponema Reiter in modemserology of syphilis. Brit. J. vener. Dis., 32, 242-245

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