potresi v sloveniji leta 2009

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Abstract

Earthquake activity was moderate in 2009. !e inhabit-ants felt more than 32 earthquakes. !e strongest earthquake according to its maximum intensity was on 27 October at 19.24 UTC (21.24 Central European daylight saving time / CET) in the vicinity of Rateče. Its local magnitude was 2.0 (ARSO, 2009-2010), and the highest intensity V EMS-98. On 23 January at 3.27 UTC (4.27 CET) there was the strongest earthquake in Slovenia in 2009 according to its local magnitude (2.9). Several earthquakes from Italy were felt as well, the strongest among them being the one on 6 April that devastated L’Aquila and its surroundings.

Povzetek

Potresna aktivnost v letu 2009 je bila zmerna. Prebivalci so čutili več kot 32 potresnih sunkov. Potres z največjo intenziteto je bil 27. oktobra ob 19. uri 24 minut po univerzalnem koor-diniranem času (UTC) oziroma ob 21. uri 24 minut po sre-dnjeevropskem času (SEČ) z žariščem v bližini Rateč. Njegova lokalna magnituda je bila 2,0 (ARSO, 2009-2010), največja intenziteta pa V EMS-98. Največjo lokalno magnitudo 2,9 je imel potres 23. januarja ob 3. uri 27 minut po UTC (4. uri in 27 minut po SEČ) pri Dobrovi. V Sloveniji smo čutili tudi nekatere potrese, ki so se zgodili v Italiji, med katerimi je naj-močnejši, 6. aprila, razdejal mesto L'Aquila in okoliške kraje.

Potresi v Sloveniji leta 2009

Earthquakes in Slovenia in 2009

Ina Cecić, Tamara Jesenko, Mladen Živčić, Martina Čarman

50 I. Cecić, T. Jesenko, M. Živčić, M. Čarman

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13˚ 30' 14˚ 00' 14˚ 30' 15˚ 00' 15˚ 30' 16˚ 00' 16˚ 30'

45˚ 30'

46˚ 00'

46˚ 30'

47˚ 00'

0 50

km

0 5 10 15 20 40Globina

kmMagnitudaMLV 1 2 3 4

A V S T R I J A

M A D z A R S K A

H R V A s K A

I T A L

I J A

Slika 1. Nadžarišča potresov v letu 2009, ki smo jim določili žariščni čas, koordinati nadžarišča in globino žarišča. Barva simbola ponazarja žariščno globino, njegova velikost pa vrednost lokalne magnitude MLV. Slika je bila nare-

jena s programom GMT (Wessel in Smith, 1991, 1998).

Figure 1. Distribution of epicentres in 2009, whose focal times, epicentral coordinates and focal depths were calcula-ted; coloured symbols of varying sizes give information on focal depth and local magnitude MLV. Figure was prepared

using GMT software (Wessel and Smith, 1991, 1998).

Potresi v Sloveniji leta 2009 51

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13˚ 30' 14˚ 00' 14˚ 30' 15˚ 00' 15˚ 30' 16˚ 00' 16˚ 30'

45˚ 30'

46˚ 00'

46˚ 30'

47˚ 00'

0 50km

Intenziteta EMS-98EMS-98

MagnitudaMLV 1 2 3 44 F III IV V

A V S T R I J A

M A D z A R S K A

H R V A s K A

I T A L

I J A

Slika 2. Nadžarišča potresov, ki so jih v letu 2009 čutili prebivalci Slovenije. Barva simbola ponazarja največjo dose-ženo intenziteto v Sloveniji, njegova velikost pa vrednost lokalne magnitude MLV. Slika je bila narejena s programom

GMT (Wessel in Smith, 1991, 1998).

Figure 2. Epicentres of earthquakes felt in Slovenia in 2009. Size of symbols represents local magnitude and colour represents maximal intensity. Figure was prepared using GMT software (Wessel and Smith, 1991, 1998).


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Preglednica 1. Seznam potresov leta 2009, ki imajo lokalno magnitudo večjo ali enako 1,5 in smo jim lahko izraču-nali žariščni čas, koordinati nadžarišča (epicentra) in globino žarišča. Pri nekaterih potresih je navedena še največja intenziteta. V preglednici je tudi 11 potresov s sicer manjšo lokalno magnitudo, ki pa so jih prebivalci Slovenije čutili.Table 1. List of earthquakes with MLV ≥ 1,5 in 2009 for which the hypocentral time, co-ordinates of epicentre and focal depth were calculated; the maximum intensity of felt earthquakes is also provided. Information about 11 earthquakes with weaker magnitude, that were felt by inhabitants of Slovenia, is also included.

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Slike 3 – 11. Prikazani so učinki nekaterih potresov, ki so jih v letu 2009 čutili prebivalci Slovenije. Na kartah je uporabljena Gauss-Krügerjeva mreža oz. kilometrsko merilo, ki olajša ocenjevanje medsebojne oddaljenosti prikaza-nih krajev.

Figures 3 to 11. !e e<ects of some earthquakes felt by inhabitants of Slovenia in 2009 are shown. !e Gauss-Krüger coordinate system is used, which facilitates evaluation of the distance between the places shown in the maps. čutili = felt, zvok = sound, niso čutili = not felt.


:><)0%*9%,):;;=)"5)><)9,():B).(*9&)2") @A<)K,$N$(&'(,!)',&!(5'L&*"-N!(.:0(2$(3*,("!(&'25!P&$2;R*(@!"#$%(+(1,!+$&*2*(+(,$"-(.//0>(i'#*RP$(@!"#$%'(2$(3*,!(4'?!N&!(!N(B2-3,2'&$:(+(!)!,*H*(D!3#!+$>( !"#$%(2$(43-N*,(*&(+4&$5*#*,(R"$+*,&$(@#$3*+',H$(B2-3,2'&$(*&(!)!,*R)*?()#'2$+:(@!%$3$2("*%"$(+(+*R2*?(&'N%"#!@2*?>(D#-L*?(@!%,$N*H(&*(3*,!(6%,*)'(Y=>

C<)D+5,9%,0%):;;=)"5):<)9,()EF).(*9&)2") @A<)i'#*RP$("$L'(@!"#$%'(2$(3*,!(@#*( !N3!P2-(+(N!,*&*(A#)$(6%,*)'(d=>(C'23!,2(%!(L'(P-"*,*(&'(U-"&*:(4(*&"$&4*"$"!(QO;O([I1;0\>(9@'4!+',$H(2$(@!#!P',:(N'(%$(2$(@!?*R"+!(6@!%"$,2$=("')!(5!P&!("#$%,!:(N'(%!(43$G',*(&'(@#!%"!>

EC<)D+5,9%,):;;=)"5)E?<)9,()GG).(*9&)2") @A>( !"#$%(2$(*5$,(-P*&)$(&'(5'2?&$5(!35!P2-:(&'2;5!P&$2R$(+()#'2*?(F!2'&2'(+'%:(8'N!+*H'(*&(K!#&2*(1-?!#(6%,*)'(o=>(C'2+$P2'(N!%$G$&'(*&"$&4*"$"'(2$(3*,'(QO([I1;0\:(5'L&*"-N'(@!"#$%'(2$(3*,'(.:/>

?<)%2,(6):;;=)"5):;<)9,():;).(*9&)2") @A<) !"#$%(4(G'#*RP$5(+(%$+$#&*(Q"',*2*:(3,*4-()#'2'(J!#,*:(%!(P-"*,*("-N*(@!&$)!N(@#*(&'%:(&'25!P&$2$(6QO([I1;0\=(+(B-H*2*>

5485 5490 5495 5500 5505 5510 5515 5520 5525 5530 5535

5050

5055

5060

5065

5070

5075

5080

5085

5090

5095

5100

5105

4 to 4,001 3,5 to 4 3 to 3,5 1,26 to 3 1,1 to 1,26 1 to 1,1

IV EMS-98III-IVIIIzvok utiliniso utili

20.01.2009

00:35 UTC

Biškavas

Stopi e

NOVOMESTO

Jurkavas

Kal

Dol.Podboršt

Šentjanž

Hribpri Hinjah

MirnaPe

VelikeBrusnice

Dr a

Slika 3. Intenziteta potresa 20. januarja 2009 ob 0. uri 35 minut po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 3. Intensity of earthquake on 20 January 2009 at 00.35 UTC in individual settlements.


Slika 5. Intenziteta potresa 6. februarja 2009 ob 2. uri 18 minut po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 5. Intensity of earthquake on 6 February 2009 at 02.18 UTC in individual settlements.

Slika 4. Intenziteta potresa 23. januarja 2009 ob 3. uri 27 minut po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 4. Intensity of earthquake on 23 January 2009 at 03.27 UTC in individual settlements.

5500 5510 5520 5530 5540 5550 5560

5050

5060

5070

5080

5090

5100

5110

4,5 to 4,501 4 to 4,5 3,5 to 4 3 to 3,5 1,26 to 3 1,1 to 1,26 1 to 1,1

IV-V EMS-98IVIII-IVIIIzvok utiliniso utili

6.02.2009

02:18 UTC

Šutna

!rešnjevec

Ravni

Dobe

GornjiLenart

Gradac vBeli Krajini

TrškaGora

Šentjernej

Rigonce

Metlika

Brezje

Biškavas

NOVOMESTO

Rakovec

Brežice

5400 5410 5420 5430 5440 5450 5460 5470 5480 5490 5500 5510

5040

5050

5060

5070

5080

5090

5100

5110

5120

5130

5140

5150

4 to 4,001 3,5 to 4 3 to 3,5 2,5 to 3 1,26 to 2,5 1,1 to 1,26 1 to 1,1

IV EMS-98III-IVIIIII-IIIzvok utiliniso utili

23.01.2009

03:27 UTCJESENICE

KRANJ

LJUBLJANA

Lokavec

Ajdovš ina

Dolsko

Rakitna

Velesovo

Bedrih

Domžale

Dobrova

Podljubelj

BabnaPolica

Srednja vasv Bohinju

KisovecŠkofjaLoka


Slika 7. Intenziteta potresa 21. maja 2009 ob 8. uri 21 minut po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 7. Intensity of earthquake on 21 May 2009 at 08.21 UTC in individual settlements.

Slika 6. Intenziteta potresa 16. februarja 2009 ob 15. uri 44 minut po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 6. Intensity of earthquake on 16 February 2009 at 15.44 UTC in individual settlements.

5475 5480 5485 5490 5495 5500 5505 5510 5515 5520

5115

5120

5125

5130

5135

5140

5145

5150

5155

5160

5165

5170

4 to 4,001 3,5 to 4 3 to 3,5 1,26 to 3 1,1 to 1,26 1 to 1,1

A V S T R I J A


Ravne naKoroškem

Leše

Prevalje

Mežica

Žerjav

Dravograd

!rna naKoroškem

SlovenjGradec

Vransko

GoriškiVrh

VELENJELoke

Tomaškavas

21.05.2009

08:21 UTC

5500 5505 5510 5515 5520 5525 5530 5535 5540 5545

5035

5040

5045

5050

5055

5060

5065

5070

5075

5080

5085

5090

4 to 4,001 3,5 to 4 1,26 to 3,5 1,1 to 1,26 1 to 1,1

IV EMS-98III-IVzvok utiliniso utili

NOVOMESTO

Bojanjavas

RadovicaGornjiSuhor

Metlika

Avguštine

Oskoršnica

Dragatuš

Dobrava priŠkocjanu

Drganjasela

Dol

H R V A Š K A

16.02.200915:44 UTC


Slika 9. Intenziteta potresa 7. septembra 2009 ob 3. uri 14 minut po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 9. Intensity of earthquake on 7 September 2009 at 03.14 UTC in individual settlements.

Slika 8. Intenziteta potresa 1. avgusta 2009 ob 3. uri 4 minute po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 8. Intensity of earthquake on 1 August 2009 at 03.04 UTC in individual settlements.

5510 5515 5520 5525

5040

5045

5050

5055

5060

5065 4 to 4,001

3,5 to 4

3 to 3,5

1,1 to 3

1 to 1,1

IV EMS-98III-IVIII utiliniso utili

Bedenj

Ber ice

Metlika

!rnomelj

Gradac

Tribu e

Križevskavas

Coklovca

Mladica

Dolenjci

Krasinec

Butoraj

Dragatuš

Laze

Petrovavas

Purga

7.09.2009

03:14 UTC

5430 5440 5450 5460 5470 5480 5490 5500

5080

5090

5100

5110

5120

5130

5140

4 to 4,001

3,5 to 4

3 to 3,5

1,26 to 3

1,1 to 1,26

1 to 1,1


1.08.2009

03:04 UTC

LJUBLJANA

KRANJ

Dob

Mengeš

TrzinDomžale

Podjelše

Vaše

Kamnik

Golo

ZgornjeJezersko

OstriVrh

SpodnjiLog


Slika 11. Intenziteta potresa 21. decembra 2009 ob 5. uri 37 minut po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 11. Intensity of earthquake on 21 December 2009 at 05.37 UTC in individual settlements.

Slika 10. Intenziteta potresa 27. oktobra 2009 ob 19. uri 24 minut po UTC v posameznih naseljih.

Figure 10. Intensity of earthquake on 27 October 2009 at 19.24 UTC in individual settlements.

5375 5380 5385 5390 5395 5400 5405 5410 5415

5080

5085

5090

5095

5100

5105

5110

5115

5120

5125

5130

5135

5140

4,5 to 4,501

4 to 4,5

3,5 to 4

3 to 3,5

1,1 to 3

1 to 1,1

21.12.2009

05:37 UTC

IV-V EMS-98IVIII-IVIII utiliniso utili

Livek

Idrsko

Kobarid

Kred

Anhovo

Dobrovo v Brdih

Tolmin

NOVAGORICA

Vrtojba

Bovec

Stanoviš e

Idrijapri Ba i

5380 5385 5390 5395 5400 5405 5410 5415 5420 5425

5125

5130

5135

5140

5145

5150

5155

5160

5 to 5,001

4 to 5

3 to 4

1 to 3

V EMS-98IVIIIniso utili

27.10.2009

19:24 UTC

Rate e Podkoren

KranjskaGora

ZgornjaRadovna

Bovec

Strmec

So a


!"#$%&'"())*"+,"-!".%&"/("0&1.2"$+"345!" !"#$%&'"()*+$,-'.*/*0',1*23345*6)*.$*7!*%1,)0)*+-'8)9/!0:)*;0$/'&)"'5*.'*"'*<7$=)0*/*.-'=&")*>,!0)")*)&*"'*-!<='"!0*#'.,$*?@AB1)0!*)&*$6$0)(6'*6-!"'C*D$,-'.*.#$*+$=-$8&'"'*$+).!0)*/*+$.'8&'#*+-).+'/61*EF':)G*)&*H$=':5*23I3JC*K1,)0)*.$*+$*/.'"*;0$/'&)")5*%'+-!/*.$*$*&"'#*+$-$%!0)*0'*-'=6)*+$.!#'<&)6)C* !"/'%"$*)&,'&<),',$*E>>>9>L*MN;94OJ*"'*=$.'7'0*/*?"180"!&)*EL)%J5*D-'==/$-1*)&*&!*P8-'Q"1C

!"#$%&# ''(#)*#+"#,-.# !#$./,0#1)#234"# !"#$%&'(")'"*!)+',)$"-*%'*.-%'%$"/01"2345678"9$(':';"*!"<!+*!="*!">$&$?@'AB"C'?!=B"D&'+!;)!="-*"+"3'E-F-"/(;-@!"G8H

"#$%&# ''(#)*#5"#,-.#! #$./,0#1)#234""I-J@$"%&'('*)'"%!;"."-*%'*.-%'%$"000501"234567")'".JK59-;$"#$(!A'.*'"#&'J-+!;F'"L';-="1$9H"M#!.$+!;@!")'"(;-?!;!"JK,!*)'B"+"=-?-")'"&!=;$".!#$@!;";'('*"(%&$#H"

!"#%67,80# ''(#)*#9"#,-.#5#$./,0#1)#234"" $@&!%"('")'".!%&'(;!"$@$;-F!"1$9-F"/(;-@!"78H"3!:*-5%K9!"%':!"9$:$9@!")'"J-;!"NBOH"1"#$(!A'.*-="9';-="C)KJ;)!*'"%'&"@&!)-="I-*@$+" K&*B"1-&B"3'*:'?B"P$A'F"-*" &.-*")'"J-;!"-*%'*.-%'%!"01"234567H"D&'J-+!;F-"($"#$&$,!;-"$".A'&*'A"%&'('*)K"%!;B"#$=-5?%+!"-*"(%&'?*-="$:&$9-)H"D$*'@$9"($"('"$:;!(-;'"9$A!,'"E-+!;-"/@$@$?-B"Q!.!*-B"#!+"-%*H8H

:"#8;10;$*;-# ''(#)*#9"#,-.#!5#$./,0#1)#234"#D$%&'("."A!:*-%K9$"RB7")'"+"@&!)-="L'&,-F'B"3'5%;-@!B"S&!9!F"+"L';-">&!)-*-B">&!(-*'FB"LK%$&!)B"T&*$A';)B" &-JK,'"-*"L'9'*)"9$(':';"-*%'*.-%'%$"01"234567"/(;-@!"68H"D&'J-+!;F'")'".JK9-;$"?@&-#!*)'"#$=-?%+!"-*";'('*-="$(%&'?-)"=-?H"D$*'@$9"($"$J"#$%&'(K"(;-?!;-"A$,*$"J$J*'*)'H

:"#)<0)*;-# ''(#)*#!("#,-.# 5#$./,0=#!("#,-.#5>#$./,0#./# '"#,-.# :#$./,0#1)#234H"1" ;'%K"NUU6"($"#&'J-+!;F-"4;$+'*-)'" "*!)A$,*')'",K%-;-"#&+-"#$%&'("$9"*!?%'%-=H" !" )'"+"<!%',!="9$(':';"

5380 5400 5420 5440 5460 5480 5500 5520 5540 5560 5580 5600 5620

5020

5040

5060

5080

5100

5120

5140

5160

5180

5200

5 to 5,001

4,5 to 5

4 to 4,5

3,5 to 4

3 to 3,5

2,5 to 3

2 to 2,5

1,26 to 2

1,1 to 1,26

1 to 1,1

V EMS-98

IV-VIV

III-IV

III

II-III

II

zvok

utili

niso utili

Slika 12. Združena karta intenzitet vseh potresov v letu 2009 za posamezen kraj. V primeru, da so v posameznem kraju čutili več potresov, je označena največja intenziteta, ki je bila dosežena kadarkoli v tem letu.

Figure 12. Overall map of the largest intensities of all earthquakes in 2009 felt by the inhabitants of Slovenia in individual places.


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

+"#)<0)*;-# ''(#)*#5"#,-.#'#$./,0#1)#234"" $")'"*!)A$,*')?-"#$#$%&'("#&'9=$9*$"$A'*)'*':!"#$%&'(!B"-A';")'"A!:*-%K9$"RBG"/(;-@!"RU8H"V!)J$;)"($":!",K%-;-"+"<!%',!="/0151"2345678H"D&'J-+!;F-"($"('".JK9-;-B"&'9@-"($"$9?;-"*!"#&$(%$H"X!9*)-"#$%&'("+"%'A"*-.KB"@-"($":!"#&'J-+!;F-",K%-;-B"('")'".:$9-;"NH"*$+'AJ&!"$J"RGH"K&-"Y"A-*K%"#$"Z [H

!>"#/)6;$*;-# ''(#)*#! "#,-.#5?#$./,0#1)#234"#D$%&'("."A!:*-%K9$"NBN")'"-A';"E!&-?,'"$J"A')-"."0%!;-)$B"#&-"@&!)K"ZFF'!"/Z,)!8H"1"4;$+'*-)-"($":!"*!)J$;)",K%-;-"+"L$+FKB"@)'&")'"J-;!"-*%'*.-%'%!"01"234567H">;)KJ"%'AKB"9!"#$%&'("*-"J-;"A$,!*B"($"J-;-"#&'J-+!;F-"D$($,)!".!(@&J;)'*-B"@'&"?'"*-($"#$5.!J-;-":&'*@'"-.@K?*)'"-."J;-E*)'"#&'%'@;$(%-H

!"#@;A;$*;-# ''(#)*#>"#,-.#9:#$./,0#1)#234"# !"#$%&'("($"*!)A$,*')'"/0151"2345678",K%-;-"#&'J-+!;F-"C-+@!"/(;-@!"RR8H"M#!.-;-"($"A$,!*"@&!%'@"(K*'@B"$J"@!%'&'A"($".!&$#$%!;-"#$=-?%+$"-*"$@*!H"D$(!A'.*-@-"($"A'9"#$%&'($A"#&'(%&!?'*-".J'E!;-"*!"#&$(%$H

?"#@;A;$*;-# ''(#)*#?"#,-.#59#$./,0#1)#234"#<'9@-"#&'J-+!;F-".!=$9*':!"9';!"4;$+'*-)'"($",K%-;-"#$%&'("."E!&-?,'A"+"$@$;-F-"L$+F!H"D$%&'(")'"9$(':';"-*%'*.-%'%$"000501"234567"+"@&!)-="1$;!&5)'B"\&'E*-F!B">$J!&-9"-*"4$,!H"D$*'@$9"($"#&'J-+!;F-"$J"#$%&'(K"(;-?!;-".*!,-;*$"=&KA'*)'H

B<C;1/;#$.8C.

D$%&'(*!"!@%-+*$(%"+"4;$+'*-)-"+";'%K"NUU6")'"J-;!".A'&*!H"P-(%$:&!A"*!"(;-@-"R]"@!E'"#$&!.9';-5%'+";$@!;*-="A!:*-%K9"/3C18B"@-"(A$")-="$#&'9';-;-".!"RNG7"#$%&'($+H"6O"$9(%$%@$+"%'="#$%&'($+")'"-A';$";$@!;*$"A!:*-%K9$"A!*)?$"$9"RBYH

Slika 13. Porazdelitev potresov v Sloveniji v letu 2009 glede na magnitudi MLV

in MD.

Figure 13. Distribution of earthquakes in Slovenia in 2009 with respect to magnitudes MLV

and MD.


Slika 14. Porazdelitev potresov v Sloveniji v letu 2009 glede na največjo intenziteto EMS-98 .

Figure 14. Distribution of earthquakes in Slovenia in 2009 with respect to maximum intensity EMS-98.

Preglednica 2. Seznam potresov z žarišči v drugih državah, ki so jih čutili prebivalci Slovenije v letu 2009. Table 2. List of earthquakes with origins in other countries that were felt by the inhabitants of Slovenia in 2009.

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Slika 15. Porazdelitev potresov v letu 2009 glede na globino žarišča (v kilometrih).

Figure 15. Distribution of earthquakes in Slovenia in 2009 with respect to focal depth (in kilometres).


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potresi v sloveniji leta 2009

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