decent work for all asian decent work decade 2006-2015 by ingrid christensen ilo decent work team...

Decent Work for All ASIAN DECENT WORK DECADE 2006-2015

By Ingrid Christensen

ILO Decent Work Team for South Asia

For distribution at workshop

Ship Recycling Transfer of Knowledge and Technology

Transfer Workshop Izmir, 14-16 July 2010

ASIAN DECENT WORK DECADE 2006-2015

Decent Work for AllShip Recycling from an ILO perspective• Ship recycling provides employment to a large number

of workers (direct and indirect employment) – many from poor regions of the countries;

• … provides business opportunities • … provides steel, goods & tax revenues to the country;• Disposal of ships – recycling, a sound principle • But…• A hazardous industry• Other Decent Work deficits

• …. Though scope exists for a decent and greener industry

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Decent Work for AllILO and the other UN agencies

• ILO is pleased to collaborate with Secretariat of the Basel Convention and the International Maritime Organization in advancing a safe and environmentally sound ship recycling.

• Within the Decent Work Agenda, ILO can and will contribute to achieving the principles and standards as enshrined in the Basel Convention and the Hong Kong Convention.

• … But what does the concept of Decent Work entailɁ

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Decent Work for AllILO and the Decent Work Agenda

• The International Labour Organization (ILO) is the tripartite UN agency that brings together governments, employers and workers of its member states in common action to:

• …advance opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity,

• ... through promoting rights at work, encouraging decent employment opportunities, enhancing social protection and strengthening dialogue in handling work-related issues.

• Established in 1919 www.ilo.org

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• Promoting Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work– Freedom of Association, right to organize and to collective bargaining– Abolition of forced labour– Non-discrimination (gender, race, ethnicity, religion etc.)– Eradication of Child Labour

• The Core Conventions covering above issues – the backdrop for all employment

– Pakistan and Turkey – like majority of member States - have ratified all 8 Core Conventions; hence the principles binding on the countries

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• Encouraging decent, productive and gainful employment

– National Employment Framework – in some countries with focus on job rich growth or labour intensive, in other countries a more technology-based is the better option – Business development from nano-, micro- and upwards for growth, productivity and competitiveness– Skills development for enhanced employability– Employment for the vulnerable …and jobs should be green to reduce impact on climate

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• Enhancing social protection– Decent working and employment conditions (employment contracts, working hours and days, wages and payment) – Safety and health at work – prevent accidents and diseases, and promote healthy workplaces addressing issues of HIV/AIDS, TB etc.– Social security to protect when work is not possible (accidents, sickness, old age) – Protection of vulnerable e.g. migrant workers

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• Strengthening social dialogue – Promote tripartite dialogue at international, national, regional or sectoral level (Government and Employers´ & Workers´ organizations) to discuss work related issues – Promote dialogue at workplaces - employer-worker, but also involving (labour) contractors and others – Strengthen labour administration (legislation and standards, labour inspection, the social partners – alone or together)

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• Issues (on previous slides) are all elements that contributes to the achieving the goal of Decent Work

• They are interlinked – but the exact "mix" varies from country to country over time

• A sectoral approach – the approach by the ILO to Ship Recycling

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• A set of priority areas in Asia (with majority of ship recycling) have been developed in consultation with ILO partners (See next slide)

• How can ship recycling be involved in/benefit from the activities of these areasɁ

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Decent Work for AllAsia-Pacific Priorities include• Increasing productivity, competitiveness and jobs;

– Job creation, skills development, green jobs within framework of decent work – Crisis response

• Improved labour market governance;– Social dialogue, strengthening of partners, labour administration and inspection

• Expanded social protection;– Different transfer schemes, social protection (security) floor, OSH/CoW, HIV/AIDS

• Eliminating child labour, creating opportunities for young people;

– Child labour, youth employment• Improved management of labour migration;

– Labour migration frameworks• Gender as cross-cutting theme

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Decent Work for AllAsia-Pacific Priorities• ILO will also continue promoting its Conventions and other standards and the principles enshrined in them - both the Core Conventions, the Governance Conventions, e.g. regarding tripartite collaboration, and the other technical Conventions (e.g. the Occupational Safety and Health Convention, No 155, 1981.

• Remain in force and relevant, irrespective of Basel, Hong Kong and other Conventions

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Decent Work for All

Decent Work Deficits in Ship RecyclingSome issues and challenges

• Unsafe and unhealthy working and living conditions

• Yes, but there are more…

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Decent Work for All

Decent Work Deficits in Ship RecyclingSome issues and challenges

• A mainly unskilled and (semi)/illiterate workforce• Lack of recognition of the industry• A considerable amount migrant workers, uprooted from their

families• No employment contracts • No protection in case of sickness, accidents• Long working hours, sometimes shiftwork• Workers not allowed to form or associate themselves with trade

unions• Child labourɁ• Lack of dialogue among partners – and what about coordinationɁ• No/limited inspection …… and where are the women Ɂ

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Decent Work for All

Towards Decent Work in Sustainable Ship Recycling

• Contribute to achieve the goals of the Basel Convention, the Hong Kong Convention etc.

• In addition, we can contribute towards e.g. – a better skilled labour force in ship recycling for higher productivity and quality of e.g. scrap steel, a workforce that could work in other industries with similar work functions and a workforce that can contribute to the development of the society (large skill development initiatives on/going in Pakistan)– an industry that is recognised and sustainable with potential for growth, high productivity, better outcome and/or diversifying its activities – an industry that has a "green or greener footprint"

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Decent Work for All


• In addition, we can contribute towards e.g. (cont´d)– development of a preventative safety and health culture and more healthy workplaces, leading to a more healthy workforce and less accidents and diseases (also better business)– development and introduction of proper and transparent employment contracts outlining at least basic conditions for the employment relationship– provision of a (minimum) social security floor– development of harmonious industrial relations, based on dialogue so as to avoid or minimise situations like the recent strikes in Pakistan and earlier this year in Bangladesh

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Decent Work for All


• In addition, we can contribute towards e.g. (cont´d)– a sound and constructive tripartite or bipartite dialogue between government, employers and workers, recalling the overarching principle of worker involvement and the need to involve the other partners and stakeholders– strengthened labour administration and social partners – observing the principles of the Core Conventions

• Dialogue, coordination and collaboration among all partners - a prerequisite for success

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Decent Work for AllILO recent and current activities on Ship Recycling e.g.

• Development of Safety and Health in Shipbreaking. Guidelines for Asia and Turkey (see later slides)

• Implementation of the Safe and Environment Friendly Ship-Recyling Project in Bangladesh

• Promotional activities in all five countries• A member of Joint Working Group (IMO, SBC and ILO)• Contribution/technical advice to the development of

the Hong Kong and Basel Convention and the subsidiary standards (e.g. MEPC)

• Contribution to the implementation of above and to programmes, projects and materials by other partners

• Study on Labour Conditions within framework of Better Work (IFC/ILO)

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* Built on knowledge and experience of the 1990’s decade and up to 2002.

* Meeting of Experts meeting convened in Bangkok October 2003 and adopted 2004 by Governing Body

* Translated into at least Turkish, Urdu, Hindi, Bangla and Chinese

*Still relevant – complements materials of other organizations

*http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2004/104B09_279_engl.pdf

http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/2004/104B09_279_engl.pdf




Decent Work for AllSafety and Health in Shipbreaking – Content

• Background, glossary, • General provisions and industry characteristics• Part I: National Framework (responsibilities, legal

framework, OSH management, reporting of accidents and diseases, OHS)

• Part II: Safe Shipbreaking Operations (technical prevention, training, contingency and emergency preparedness, PPE, social protection, welfare)

• Bibliography and annexes

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Decent Work for All

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Thank you and wishing you all a successful workshop

decent work for all asian decent work decade 2006-2015 by ingrid christensen ilo decent work team...

Documents

decent work deficits

goal of decent work

asian decent work decade

decent work agenda issues

productive work

work related issues

work freedom of association

recycling slide