Actividadesde verano 2017

2º ESOInglés

Nombre y apellidos:

Curso: Grupo:

GRAMMAR

PRESENT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS

Present simple Present continuous

We use the present simple to talk about: • regular habits and routines. We usually go rollerblading at the weekend. • permanent situations. David lives in Manchester. • scientific facts. Water boils at 100˚C. • states, not actions, e.g. like, believe, know. She doesn’t like chorizo.

We use the present continuous to talk about: • something that is happening now or ‘around now’. They’re playing tennis at the moment. • temporary situations. He’s visiting his grandparents in Ibiza. • changing or developing situations. The number of car accidents every year is increasing. • future arrangements. She’s going to the cinema this evening.

1. Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous of the verbs in brackets.

1) Paul_____________(not go) to the cinema very often. 2) He_______________(play) tennis with his brother at the moment. 3) Paul______________ (never shut up) in class. 4) Paula_____________(like) living in Madrid. She_____________(enjoy) a lot her current

life in the city. 5) She sometimes____________(go) for a walk after work. 6) John________________(meet) his friends this week-end in the pub. 7) It__________(not rain) very much in the south of Spain. 8) I____________(not believe) what you____________(tell) me right now.

PAST SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS

Past simple Past continuous

We use the past simple to talk about a finished action in the past. Mark went to the cinema last night.

We use the past continuous to talk about: • an action which was in progress at a particular

time in the past. They were watching TV at nine o’clock last night. • an action in the past that is interrupted by another action I was walking along the street when someone stole my bag.

1.Complete the exercise with sentences in past continuous and the verbs in brackets.

1) We________________(play) tennis all day. We are so tired!

2) I______________(come) back home when I ran into my best friend Richard.

3) She____________(tell) stories to her little brother until he fell asleep.

4) The two brothers_____________(argue) all day. I couldn’t stand so much noise!

5) What______________(you do) yesterday while I was studying?

6) _____________really________(she study) yesterday as she said?

2. Complete the sentences using the correct verb forms. Use the past simple and the past continuous.

1) When I_____________(arrive) home, my father_______________(watch) TV.

2) I____________(have) a shower when the phone_______________(ring).

3) My brother_______________(work) on the computer when the light_____________(go)

off.

4) We________________(watch) TV at night when I_____________(hear) a frightening

noise.

5) Paul____________(eat) all his food and _____________(drink) all his coke while

he______________(wait) for the train.

6) She______________(ride) her bike when she_______________(fall) to the floor.

3. Complete the dialogue using the past simple or the past continuous of the verb in brackets.

-Sarah: Hi, Bryan. I (1)________ (hear) you had an accident last Monday. What (2) ________ (happen)? -Bryan: I (3)_______ (change) a bulb when I (4)________ (fall) off the chair -Sarah: (5)____________(go) to the doctor? -Bryan: Yes, but when he (6)_____________ (examine) me he (7)______________ (receive) a phone call. Apparently his wife (8)____________ (have) an accident when she (9)____________(come) home -Sarah: Really? Is she ok? --Bryan: Yes, she (10)______________ (drive) a bit fast when she (11)____________ (crash) against a tree but she seems to be fine now. -Sarah: I’m happy to hear that. I (12)____________ (call) yesterday to know why you hadn’t come to work. -Bryan: I know but I (13)_____________(have) a shower when the phone (14)____________(ring) and I (15)____________ (not/ want) to have another accident!! -Sarah: Yes, you’re right!!!

VERBS + -ing

1. Complete the gaps in the sentences marked with (1) with one verb of the first box and the gaps with (2) with the correct form of the verbs in the second box. Sometimes more than one option is possible.

(1)

like love enjoy not mind prefer can’t stand hate be into

(2) go watch do travel make study

help swim

1 My brother (1)___________ (2)___________. He’s been to the five continents.

2 I don’t (1) ________________(2)__________sport. I never play football or go to the

gym.

3 I (1)____________ )2)__________ films at home but if I have to choose, I

(1)___________ (2)____________to the cinema

4 I (1)_______________(2)_____________ my bed but my mother always obliges me!

5 Paula (1)____________ (2)____________ Science. She gets sick only of thinking of the

next exam.

6 I( 1)_______________ (2)______________my mother at home. She works hard and she

needs a rest.

7 Since I went to the swimming-pool for the first time I (1)______________

(2)________________. I really like it!.

USED TO / DIDN’T USE(D) TO We use used to + infinitive when we talk about a habit or state that now has changed. The negative form is didn’t use(d) to and it implies a habit we didn’t do in the past or something that didn’t happen but we do or it happens now.

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of used to. 1 I_____________eat vegetables when I was young but now I love them. 2 _______________ (you / work) as an accountant before you started here? 3 When we were children, we often ___________ (go) trekking in the valley. 4 They_______________(see) each other very often but now they haven’t met for a long

time.

5 I _____________ (not / like) Sonia much, but now we get on really well. 6 I _____________ (have) a lot of money before but I wasted it.

SUBJECT/OBJECT QUESTIONS

**Subject questions structure: QW + VERB. Examples:

--Who was playing tennis yesterday in the school?

--Paul and John were playing tennis yesterday in the school

--Which car runs faster? Mercedes or Ford?

--Mercedes runs faster than Ford

**Object questions structure: QW + AUXILIARY + SUBJECT + VERB. Examples:

--How much did your new car cost?

--It cost me about €20,000.

--Who did you see yesterday in the mall?

--I saw my best friend Robert in the mall.

1. Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

--John: When______________(be) Marie’s birthday?

--Alice: It’s today. _________________(somebody buy) a present for her?

--John: I think Paul and Michael went to the shop to buy a gift yesterday.

--Alice: Really, What _______________(they/get) for her?

--John: I think they bought a sweater and a couple of t-shirts.

--Alice: ok, out of curiosity, how much____________________(the sweater cost)? Which

colour_____________________(they choose)?

--John: I don’t know. By the way, how many people_________________(she invite)?

--Alice: I think all her classmates will come. I hope so, they’re usually nice people.

--John: really? Who_________________(you meet) in her last birthday?

2. Give questions for the following answers. Examples:

*I saw my friend Paul yesterday in the mall: Who did you see yesterday in the mall?

* I saw my friend Paul yesterday in the mall: Who saw your friend Paul yesterday in the mall

1) Mark’s father often played in the street when he was young 2) Mark’s father often played in the street when he was young 3) People listened to music on their walkmans in the 80s and 90s 4) People listened to music on their walkmans in the 80s and 90s 5) Now people usually talk on their cell phones because it is cheaper than before 6) Now people usually talk on their cell phones because it is cheaper than before 7) My grandparents bought the first TV at home in 1969 8) My grandparents bought the first TV at home in 1969 PAST PERFECT/PAST SIMPLE

*Past Perfect formation: HAD + PAST PARTICIPLE (-ed for regular verbs or third column of the

irregular verb list)

*Use opposed to past simple: Past perfect expresses an action that happened before another

action in past.

I had already read the book before I saw the film

I had never had English classes before I started with my Irish teacher

My parents had finished dinner when my sister came back home

1. Complete the sentences with verbs below. Put the verbs into the past perfect. There are two verbs you do not need.

watch remember forget wait be not pass lose run

1) I didn’t go to the cinema with the others because I__________________ the film before.

2) All the fans were disappointed because their team________________the match.

3) _______ever__________to France before you spent your holidays last year in Paris?

4) We were very tired at the end of the race because we_____________for one hour.

5) My mother got very angry because I __________________ my exams.

6) When I was in the street I realised that I __________________ the keys at home.

2. Choose the correct alternative

1) I didn’t go/hadn’t watched the film last night because I already saw it/ had already watched it in the cinema.

2) I couldn’t/hadn’t been able to go out yesterday because I didn’t finish/hadn’t finished my housework.

3) When Paul arrived/had arrived at the airport the plane already took off/had already taken off.

4) Our best friend died/had died some days before so we were/had been all very sad those days.

5) I was never/had never been to the USA before I went/had gone there last year.

6) I didn’t go/hadn’t gone to the concert because I didn’t buy/hadn’t bought the tickets.

3. Complete the text using the past perfect or past simple of the verb in brackets.

Yesterday I did not have a good day. At first I (1)_______________ (get up) with plenty of

energy but then things (2) ___________(start) going wrong. I (3) ___________ (run) out of

hot water just precisely when I was having a shower, and it’s winter! Then, I was driving

to my office when a police car (4) ___________ (stop) me. The policeman (5)

___________ (tell) me I had to pay a fine because I (6) ___________ (drive) too fast. He

also (7) ___________ (say) to me that my driving license (8) ___________ (expire) some

time before and I had to pay another fine. My problems anyway (9) ___________

(not/finish) at that moment of the day. When I arrived at my office my boss (10)

___________ (not be) happy at all because he said (11) I ___________ (be) already late

several days that month. Later when I (12) ___________ (take) the car to go back home I

found that some thieves (13) ___________ (steal) my i-pod because I (14) ___________

(forget) to lock the car’s doors. At the end of the day I (15) ___________ (go) directly to

bed. I didn’t want to know anymore about this awful day.

PRESENT PERFECT **Actions that started in the past and continue in the present. Quite common with for to talk about the period of time or since to talk about the exact moment when the action started.

I have lived in Malaga since 1991 I’ve known her for ages It has rained for three hours She has been sick this week

**Finished actions in a not finished period of time. Quite common with the adverb already

I have seen three movies this week Jamie has been to the gym three times this month I’ve already made my bed and tidied my room

**Actions that we haven’t done in our life (never) or we haven’t done but we expect to do later (yet, still)

I have never been to the USA but I want to go I still haven’t found the wallet I lost yesterday I haven’t found the wallet I lost yesterday yet

** Actions that have finished recently (using just)

I’ve just finished my homework and I can go out They have just come back from holidays. They’re so excited.

*To ask if we have done something in our life or not (ever) or if something expected to happen has happened.

Have you ever been sick in bed? Has she ever gone out with a boy before? Have you bought your new house yet?

*** Adverbs position with present perfect AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE BEFORE AUXILIARY STILL: She still

hasn’t joined in the football team

BETWEEN AUXILIARY AND PP

NEVER: She has never dated a boy JUST: We’ve just finished the race. We’re so tired! ALREADY: After chatting for months we have already met

BETWEEN THE SUBJECT AND PP

EVER: Have you ever played volleyball or is it your first time?

AT THE END OF THE SENTENCE

YET: I haven’t done my homework yet

YET: Have you made your bed yet?

1. Write sentences using the present perfect and for or since.

1 we / live / in this city / a long time

__________________________________________

2 We / know / each other / we were children

__________________________________________

3 He / be / an architect / 2007

__________________________________________

4 They / not see / each other/ six months

__________________________________________

5 I / do karate / last September

__________________________________________

6 I / wait for you/ more than an hour

__________________________________________

7 she / sleep / yesterday night

__________________________________________

2. Look at Bryan’s list of things he has/hasn’t done in his life or we don’t know and correct the sentences behind. Use already, yet and still in the corrections.

get married (!) travel to East Asia (X) meet his girlfriend’s family (X) adopt a pet (!)

buy his own house(?) find his dream job (!) be to Russia (x)

finish his degree(?)

1 Bryan has never got married.

2 Bryan still hasn’t travelled to East Asia yet

3 Bryan hasn’t yet met his girlfriend’s family

4 Bryan has still adopted a pet

5 Has Bryan still bought his own house?

6 Bryan already has found his dream job

7 Bryan has yet been to Russia

8 Has Bryan yet finished his degree

3. Complete the gaps with just, ever or never and the correct form of the verb in present

perfect.

1) _______________________________________ Paul_________________(make) his bed.

He made it ten minutes ago.

2) _______________________________________ __________you__________(be) to Italy?

3) _______________________________________ His dream is to travel to the USA one

day but he___________________(be) there.

4) _______________________________________ I__________________(finish) my

homework. I’ve been working for almost two hours!

5) _______________________________________ ____________she__________(go) to a

concert? I’m thinking of buying some tickets for her next birthday.

6) _______________________________________ I__________________played football. I

can’t even hit the ball!

7) _______________________________________ She_______________come back from

new York. She has bought a lot of gifts there.

8) _______________________________________ I have_______________(buy) a lottery

ticket so it’s impossible for me to win a prize.

PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE

Present perfect Past simple - When the time is unfinished (today, this week, this year…) I have played football today - When we do not know the time. I have bought a car - An action that started in the past and continues in the future I have taught English for four years She has played football since she was a child

- When the action and the time are finished I played football yesterday I bought a car last week I didn’t buy a car yesterday I taught English for four years but now I work as a translator She used to play football when she was a child but now she doesn’t do much sport

1) Present perfect/ past simple. Complete the dialogue with the correct tense.

Kim: (1) ______________ you ever ______________ (try) to make a tortilla?

Pep: I (2) ______________ (try) once about two years ago, but the tortilla (3)

______________ (be) disgusting. Since then I

(4) ______________ (not make) another tortilla.

Kim: I think you (5) _________ (learn) how to make tortillas when you lived in Madrid. How

long (6) ____________ (live) there?

Pep: I (7)___________ (live) there from 2006 to 2009 and then I moved to Barcelona.

Kim: so you have already (8)____________ (be) in Barcelona for two years, do you like the

city?

Pep: Yes, I’m enjoying it a lot but I (9)________ (not visit) the most important monuments

yet, as Montjuich Castle or Camp Nou stadium

Kim: well, I (10)______________ (never/be) in Camp Nou stadium but I’m for Real Madrid

so I don’t feel like going very much

Pep: that’s a good reason!

2. Complete the sentences using the present perfect or the past simple form of the verbs.

1 I ____________ (get up) at 5 o’clock this morning.

2 Sandra and Pete still ____________________

(not phone).

3 Eva __________ (break) her arm playing tennis.

4 They ___________________ (not take) the bus to school this morning.

5 __________ you ever __________ (see) that film?

6 I ____________ (know) him since he was little.

7 Carlos ____________ (meet) her in June.

8 Deb still ____________________ (not pass) her final exams.

3. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1 I have bought some flowers for my girlfriend yesterday

________________________________________

2 Jane and Josh still didn’t send me an email.

________________________________________

3 Eva has fallen while she was dancing

________________________________________

4 I haven’t visited my parents last week

________________________________________

5 He hasn’t never taken a plane

________________________________________

6 I know her since we were in the school

________________________________________

7 I have lived in Madrid for 3 years but now I live in Valencia

________________________________________

8 She already passed her exams. She’s so happy!

________________________________________

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE/CONTINUOUS *Use: the contrast between an action that has been completed (simple) and an action that still can continue (continuous). I’ve already read this book (I’ve finished reading it) I’ve been reading this book all morning. I’m really enjoying it. She has done her homework and now her parents will let her go out (she has finished her task). She has been doing her homework but she hasn’t finished yet. *Formation of present perfect continuous I /YOU/WE/THEY HAVE + BEEN + MAIN VERB + ING HE/SHE/IT HAS

1.Present perfect simple or continuous? Complete the following sentences.

1) I (study):_______________ all day. I’ll stop soon and have a rest

2) She (just tidy)___________ her room.

3) I don’t know where my pen must be but I(look for)_________________ it for the whole day.

4) Paul won’t come to the party tomorrow because he (cut)_______________ her finger

5) I______________(cry) all day because I_______________(cut) onions all the morning.

6) You (run)_________________ for a long time. You should stop for a while and take a rest.

7) I______________(never play) unihockey. I’d really like to try.

2. Complete the sentences with the correct verb forms. Use the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous in each sentence.

1 I ___________________________ (wait) for her since one o’clock but she still

__________________ (not turn up).

2 They ____________________ (never date) but they _____________________________

(see) each other in the office for months and they really like each other.

3 What ___________________________ (do)? I ____________________ (be) worried about

you.

4 After they ____________________(discuss) for hours they________________ (finally

reach) an agreement.–

5 I __________________ just __________________ (finish) the first half of the race – I

_____________ ______________ (run) for hours!

MODAL VERBS Ability Obligation Prohibition Not

necessity Probability Certainty/

deduction Advice

CAN COULD

HAVE TO MUST

_________

________

MAY MIGHT COULD

MUST

SHOULD

CAN’T COULDN’T

----------

MUSTN’T

DON’T HAVE TO

MAY NOT MIGHT NOT

CAN’T

SHOULDN’T

1. Choose a right modal verb to complete the following sentences.

1) It’s Carol’s birthday. We____________buy a gift for her, don’t you think?

2) You_____________ride your bike without a helmet. It’s obligatory to wear a helmet.

3) I’m happy because I______________work this week-end. I’m free to decide what I

want to do.

4) You_____________smoke so much. It might be dangerous for your health.

5) At her office Paula___________start at 9 and finish at 6 from Monday to Thursday but

on Friday she_____________stay later than 3 pm.

6) Where’s Alfred? I don’t know but he___________be in the gym. He sometimes goes at

this time.

7) Where’s Alfred? He___________be in the gym. He always goes at this time. I’m sure

he’s there.

8) Are you telling me you bought that fantastic t-shirt for only €15? That_________be

true! It’s too cheap!

9) Helen _____________come to the party tomorrow. She’s very busy now and she’s not

very likely to appear.

10) John and Lisa are thinking of coming to see us this week-end so we__________see

them after such a long time. It’d be great.

2. Choose the correct answer.

1. I can’t/ mustn’t/ may not go to Susan’s party. I have a lot to study so I’ll decide it

tomorrow.

2. You can’t/mustn’t/ don’t have to buy a car for only 1000€. It’s too cheap!

3. Scientists say in the future we will can/will be able to/ don’t have to clone human cells

4. It’s obligatory to wear uniform in El Valle school. Everybody doesn’t have to/must/can wear it.

5. Sorry sir but you can’t / may / must smoke here. It’s prohibited.

6. When I was young I may/must/could play tennis very well. Now I find it hard.

7. Be quiet! You mustn’t /must/could talk in class!

8. I must /don’t have to/can give up smoking. It’s really bad for my health

9. If you want my advice, I think you can/may/should give up smoking

10. She has been laughing the whole day. She must/should/can feel so happy FUTURE TENSES PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT

CONTINUOUS

BE GOING TO WILL

**Timetables and schedules The concert starts at 8 p.m.

**For future

arrangements (action

in future but

everything is

**Plans and

intentions

**Instant decisions

When does your flight take off?

prepared)

I’m getting married

in June. The church

is already booked

I’m going to study at

University

**Predictions (based

on evidence)

Look at those clouds.

It’s is going to rain.

Are you doing homework?

I’ll help you!

**Promises

I promise I’ll study more!

** Offers and suggestions

I’ll carry your bag for you.

**General predictions

In year 3000 people will live

in Mars.

1. Write affirmative sentences (! ), negative sentences (" ) or questions (?), using

be going to.

1 We / take / the next plain to Brussels (!)

________________________________________

2 They / come / on holidays/ with us (")

________________________________________

3 You / spend / your holidays / abroad / this year (?)

________________________________________

4 It / be / good weather today (")

________________________________________

5 You / meet / your girlfriend’s parents (?)

________________________________________

6 He / play/ football / with his friends / today after work(!)

________________________________________

2. Complete the dialogues with the correct forms of will or going to of the verbs in

brackets. 1. A: I’ve just seen we’ve run out of tomatoes. I (1)____________(go) to the grocery to buy some.

B: But look at the grey clouds. It (2)_________________ (rain). A: Really? I (3)____________(take) an umbrella then. B: Yes, you’d better take it. By the way, what (4)_________________ (do) this evening? A: I (5)____________ (play) tennis with my brother and a friend. We need someone else. Would you like to come? B: It sounds great. I (6)______________ (go) with you! 2. A: I’ve been thinking and I’ve decided that I (7)_________ (visit) London next month. I want to see the match between Manchester Utd and Chelsea. B: You can’t be serious! I (8)__________ (go) with you. I love football and that match

(9)_____________ (be) so exciting! Who do you think is the favourite? A: I’m sure Manchester (10)____________ (win). They have the best team B: I agree with you. Ok, I’ve to go now. I was putting on my tracksuit because I (11)__________________ (do) some exercise in the park A: I don’t think that’s a good idea. I think you (12)__________________ (get) soaked with this rain

3. Complete the dialogue using the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

Dave Hi, Steph. (1) ___________________ (come) finally on the trip to Rome next week?

Steph Yes, do you happen to know what time the bus to the airport (2)______________

(depart)?

Dave At four o’clock on Friday, I think. Tomorrow I (3)_____________ (meet) my boss at

9.00 to ask him if I could leave earlier. I (4)_____________(work) from 8.30AM to

5.00 PM that day so I might need to take a taxi.

Steph I understand. On Friday I (5)_____________ (have) classes until 4.00 PM so I’ll

leave earlier as well. By the way, what (6) ______________ (do) this evening?

Dave I think I’ll stay at home all day. (7)______________ (pass) through the

neighborhood? Come and see me if so.

Steph I will, if you finally take a taxi to go to the airport don’t forget the plane

(8)____________ (take off) at 8.00 PM.

Dave I won’t. See you tomorrow, Steph!

SO/SUCH/TOO/ENOUGH/NOT ENOUGH SO + ADJ= He is so handsome that I love him. SUCH (A)+ (adj) + NOUN= He is such a handsome boy that I love him. TOO + ADJECTIVE = more than necessary

The dress is too big for me. ENOUGH= just the quantity you need

- ENOUGH + NOUN There are enough books for all students. We can get the class started.

- VERB + ENOUGH I have bought enough food for this week-end. I don’t need to buy more.

- ADJECTIVE + ENOUGH You are 17. You aren’t old enough to vote but you’re old enough to leave school.

1. Fill in the blanks with so, such, too or enough

1) The car was _________ expensive. I couldn’t buy it

2) I don’t have _________ money to go to the cinema so I’ll stay home.

3) I had never seen _______ a hilarious film. I couldn’t stop laughing

4) I love his clothes. He’s ______ a good designer.

5) Your parents are__________ kind to me. They treat me as if I were their son

6) Do you think these clothes are smart _________ to go to the interview?

7) You look __________ good with your new coat

8) Those trousers are __________ baggy. I need a belt

2.Rewrite the sentences. Include the words in brackets in the correct place.

Example: You’re not old enough to get married. You’re only 14!

You’re too young to get married. You’re only 14!

- This candidate is too inexperienced for the position (experience enough)

- The length of the swimming-pool is not enough to hold a competition. (long enough)

- The length of the swimming-pool is not enough to hold a competition. (too short)

- Granada is such a beautiful city. (so)

- My trousers aren’t tight enough. I’ll need a belt ( too baggy)

- This house is so dirty. We can’t have any guests ( clean/enough)

- This house is so dirty. We can’t have any guests ( such/house)

PASSIVE VOICE

We have to transform the verb into the passive voice by adding the verb be in the same tense as the original sentence + past participle. **PRESENT: AM / IS / ARE + PARTICIPLE The door is opened by the guard. **PRESENT CONTINUOUS: AM / IS / ARE + BEING + PARTICIPLE I am being taught by a teacher **PAST SIMPLE: WAS / WERE + PARTICIPLE The game was finished at 5:30 **PAST CONTINUOUS: WAS / WERE + BEING + PARTICIPLE The game was being played yesterday between 7 and 9 pm **PRESENT PERFECT: HAVE / HAS + BEEN + PARTICIPLE All the food has been eaten **PAST PERFECT: HAD + BEEN + PARTICIPLE The coke had been drunk by the children **FUTURE: WILL + BE + PARTICIPLE The marks will be given next day **FUTURE PERFECT: WILL + HAVE + BEEN + PARTICIPLE The letter will have been sent on Monday **Be going to: AM / IS /ARE + GOING TO BE + PARTICIPLE : The exam is going to be done tomorrow **MODAL VERBS: MODAL + BE + PARTICIPLE The letter must be written tomorrow.

1.Rewrite these sentences in passive. Don’t write the agent if it’s not necessary. 1) Does Ford manufacture its new model in Valencia?

2) In Brazil people speak Portuguese and a lot of Spanish

3) My parents bought this house in 1970

4) The travel agency will send the tickets this week

5) My uncle repaired the car yesterday

6) Have many tourists visited the monument?

7) A friend of ours is repairing the roof

8) The Egyptians had built the Pyramids centuries before the Europeans arrived

9) We must send these letters tomorrow. They’re really urgent

10) They will have made the film before the end of the year

2.Complete the sentences with the active or passive forms of the verbs in the box. There are two verbs you don’t need to use.

design sell watch use hand in make speak watch build catch increase

1) Spanish_____________by hundreds of millions of people all around the world.

2) Hundreds of millions of people_____________Spanish all around the world.

3) The best cars in the world_________in Germany

4) Germany____________the best cars in the world.

5) Walkmans____________in the past to listen to music.

6) Some time ago people____________walkmans to listen to music.

7) The company______________the salaries next year.

8) Next year the salaries_______________ by the company.

9) A famous architect________________ the new town hall (present perfect).

10) The new town hall__________________ by a famous architect (present perfect).

11) Millions of people____________________Spain’s next match in the Eurocup (going to).

12) Spain’s next match in the Eurocup__________________by millions of people (going

to).

13) The council______________a new bridge to cross the river (present continuous).

14) A new building to cross the river__________________by the council (present

continuous).

15) We should__________________the exercises before tomorrow.

16) The exercises should_________________before tomorrow.

3. Complete the text.Use the correct present passive form of the verbs in brackets.

Ensaimadas (0) are made in Mallorca!

Have you ever eaten the delicious cakes called ensaimadas? They (1) ______________

(produce) in Mallorca, but most of them (2) _______________ (not eat) on the island – they

(3) ________________ (buy) by tourists. They (4) ________________ (send) to countries like

Germany and Holland.

Mallorcan bread (5) _________________(make) at the same factory, but it (6)

_________________ (not export). It (7) ________________ (eat) by the local people. The

ensaimadas, however, (8) _________________(enjoy) around the world!

4. Correct the mistakes in these sentences.

1 English is spoken in many countries by people. 2 Don Quixote has were translated into many languages 3 The roof is been repaired now by the bricklayers 4 The flowers will sent tomorrow by the shop. 5 Are lemons growed in Spain?

6 Pork is not consumed in Arab countries by them

7 The Egyptians had built the Pyramids centuries before the Europeans had been arrived

8 were this building designed by your friend?

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS/EACH OTHER *Reflexive pronouns: used when the subject does the action and also “receives” it

This man is talking to himself. He must be crazy. The dog has taught itself to look for bones. we mustn’t blame ourselves for that. It was only an accident. *Each other: used to express reciprocal actions (there must be at least two subjects involved). We’ve known each other since we were in the school They were insulting to each other before they started fighting When I ran into that girl in the street we looked and smiled at each other

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS SINGULAR PLURAL I look after myself We look after ourselves You look after yourself You look after yourselves He looks after himself They look after themselves She looks after herself It looks after itself 1. Choose the right reflexive pronoun or each other to complete the sentences

1) I cut____________ shaving this morning 2) We got out of the swimming-pool and we dried______________ with each one’s

towel. 3) The two dogs looked at______________for some seconds before they started

fighting. 4) You’ll only learn if you do it_______________ 5) Paul has been angry with his brother for years and they don’t talk

to_______________. 6) James has a shaving machine and he cuts his hair________________. 7) Sometimes I say to_____________that I must think twice before I talk 8) We used to be close friends but now we haven’t seen_____________for ages.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS WHO PEOPLE That’s the man who teaches

me English Paula is the girl who I met on holidays

WHICH THINGS Basketball is the sport which

I prefer playing Mercedes is the brand which makes the best cars

WHERE PLACES This is the hospital where I was born That’s the sport centre where I play handball

WHOSE POSSESSION Paul is the classmate whose car is red Emily, whose husband works as a doctor, is one of my best friends

1.Choose the right word/ sentence.

1) Here’s the park where/which I like coming to play football

2) This is my friend Carol, who/whose father works as a pilot

3) This is the actress about who I told you / This is the actress who I told you about

4) Don Quixote is the book which/who I like the most

5) What’s the name of that film which you are interested in? / What’s the name of

that film which in you are interested?

2. Make sentences. Use words from each column and who, where, whose or which.

basketball the girl I like most

(1) France a city my friend lives

(2) Emma the sport is near the sea

(3) A library the country we use for cutting things

(4) A knife a tool I met in Chicago

(5) Valencia a place you must keep silence

(6) Paul my colleague father works as an engineer

(7) Susan the classmate car is the most expensive of the office

Example: Basketball is a sport which I like most.

1 ___________________________________________

___________________________________________

2 ___________________________________________

___________________________________________

3 ___________________________________________

___________________________________________

4 ___________________________________________

___________________________________________

5 ___________________________________________

___________________________________________

6 ___________________________________________

___________________________________________

7 ___________________________________________

___________________________________________

3.Join the sentences with a relative pronoun (who, where, which, whose) removing the words which we don’t need to use in the new sentence. Example:

London is a city. We were there on holiday last year.

London is the city where we were on holiday last year.

1 Ralph is a student. He plays the football best.

________________________________________

________________________________________

2 A mosque is a place. Muslims go to pray there

________________________________________

________________________________________

3 Oranges are fruits. People grow traditionally these fruits in Valencia.

________________________________________

________________________________________

4 That’s a man. I told you about that man.

________________________________________

________________________________________

5 Forest devastation is a problem. I usually think about forest devastation.

________________________________________

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS PEOPLE THINGS PLACES AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES

Someone Somebody

Something Somewhere

NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

Anyone Anybody

Anything Anywhere

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES WITH

No one nobody

Nothing Nowhere

NEGATIVE MEANING ALL

Everyone Everybody

Everything everywhere

1 Fill in the gaps with indefinite pronouns: some-, any-, no-, every-

1. I don’t know ______body who’s travelled to the five continents.

2. I’m not good at English at all. When somebody talks to me I can’t

understand_____________thing.

3. Close your eyes! I have__________thing for you!

4. _____________one in this company speaks English and French. We only accept

people with languages.

5. I’m sure he’s innocent and he has_______thing to do with the robbery.

2 Complete the following text with a right indefinite pronoun.

Dave: Hi, Sam. How’s (1) ___________going?

Sam: Hi, Dave. Do you happen to know (2)____________ to have my car repaired today? I

must go on a trip tomorrow and (3)_____________ can help me!

Dave: No, I don’t know(4)_________________ to make it so fast in the city but I know

(5)______________ who has a garage in a village near here and he might help you. Is it

(6)____________serious?

Sam: I don’t think so but there’s (7)_________ inside the engine that hasn’t worked well

recently. I had a look this morning but I saw (8)_____________.

Dave: So take it to this garage I’m telling you about. (9) _______________ there is very

nice and if you have time you can do some shopping.(10) ________________ you go in

that village you’ll find lots of cheap places. You’ll enjoy it.

Sam: thanks a million, Dave. I really appreciate it. See you soon, cheers!

MAKE/LET Make and let always carry infinitive without TO Make: to oblige, to provoke a reaction on somebody

My mother makes me clean my room every week-end (she forces me to)

She made me so sad when she told me she was seriously sick (she got me sad) Let: give permission to

In my school they don’t let us leave till five pm

I will let you take my bike if you do my homework

1.Complete the sentences with make and let in the right tense

1. My parents won’t______me go out on holidays if I don’t pass my exams.

2. She_________feel very upset when she teases me. 3. Will you_________me borrow your laptop for a composition I’ve got to do this

week-end? 4. My teacher won’t_______us retake the exam if we get more than 6 in the global

one. 5. She_________me feel very angry when she told me that. 6. I’ll__________my daughter take a summer job if she passes all the subjects.

CONDITIONALS **1st conditional: used to talk about facts that will certainly happen under certain conditions

IF + PRESENT, PRESENT

If I don’t pass my exams, my parents won’t let me go on holidays

We will go trekking if it doesn’t rain this week-end *Unless + affirmative sentence: If not

I won’t do my homework unless my parents oblige me (I won’t do my homework if my parents don’t oblige me)

**2nd conditional: unreal, imaginary situations in the present or situations that probably won’t happen:

IF + PAST SIMPLE, WOULD + VERB

If I were rich, I would buy the most expensive and fastest car in the market (I’m not rich)

I would feel so happy if I were given that job (but I don’t have much chance)

**3rd conditional: unreal past situations, situations that did not happen. We can talk about imaginary consequences of those actions.

IF + PAST PERFECT, WOULD + HAVE + PARTICIPLE

I would have never met my best friend Paul if I hadn’t moved to Valencia when I was a child (I moved to Valencia and that’s why I met Paul) I wouldn’t have failed if I had studied more (I failed because I didn’t study)

1 Write sentences in 1st conditional with the verbs in brackets.

1) We__________ (vote) for the government if they___________(not raise) the taxes. 2) Unless she_________(propose) it to me, I___________(join in) her campaign. 3) If I_________(go) to the art museum, I know I___________(get) fascinated. 4) If he __________(finish) his homework early, we________(meet) him in the park. 5) She__________(come) to the party unless she____________(have) a lot to study.

2 Write second conditional sentences with the following words.

1. If/I/live/in London/I/speak/a good English.

2. I/be/happier/if/I/not live/in that city. I hate it!

3. If/you/meet/a famous person/what/you/say?

4. You/come/if/I/send/you/an invitation?

5. If/there/not be/any wars/the world/be/a/better place

3 Write third conditional sentences with the verbs in brackets

1) If I_______________(have) more money, I_______________(go) on holidays abroad last summer.

2) I_______________(not get) injured if I _____________(not play) football without shoes.

3) If I________________(look) at the pavement, I______________(not find) that €50 note

4) I_______________(pass) the exam if I__________________(study) more but I didn’t.

5) She_______________(never know) my secret if you_______________(not tell) her.

This is why I’m angry with you.

4 Rewrite the sentences using the third conditional. Example:

I met my girlfriend because I went to that disco:

I wouldn’t have met my girlfriend if I hadn’t gone to that disco

1) I found that job because I saw that advertisement on the news:

2) He failed the exam because he didn’t study:

3) _______________________________________ They missed the train because they

weren’t in the station on time:

4) _______________________________________ They lost the match because their best

player didn’t play

5) _______________________________________ He couldn’t go on holidays because he

was fired from his job

5.Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1) ___________________________________ If I will have money this week-end, I’ll

go out with my friends

2) ___________________________________ If you told me a secret I wouldn’t never

tell anybody

3) ___________________________________ If she had passed her exams her

parents would buy her a moped

4) ___________________________________ She comes to see me if she will have

time

5) ___________________________________ I would have never met Paul if we

didn’t study together when we were at the university

6) ___________________________________ If she would be better in English she’d

go to study to a British university

7) ___________________________________ If you really love her you wouldn’t be

unfaithful to her.

8) ___________________________________ If our team losed the final, we would

feel so upset!

6.Decide: 2nd or 3rd conditional.

1) If I were you/had been you, I wouldn’t buy/wouldn’t have bought that car. It’s too expensive and you don’t earn so much money.

2) If I didn’t go/hadn’t gone on those holidays in Mallorca in 2000, I wouldn’t meet/wouldn’t have met my current wife.

3) I wouldn’t be/wouldn’t have been so disappointed with her if she told/had told me the truth but she didn’t.

4) I would feel/would have felt really sad if we lost/had lost the final. I hope we win!

5) If she ate/had eaten less, she wouldn’t get sick/ wouldn’t have got sick but fortunately now she’s cured.

6) If they came/had come to my party yesterday, I would get/have got so happy but

they didn’t want to come.

7) I think if you asked/had asked her to go out with you she would accept/would have accepted but you never dare!

8) Would you go diving/ would you have gone diving with me next summer if you had/had had enough money?

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES GERUNDS INFINITIVE

Subject of a sentence: Doing sport is my favourite hobby

Objective/purpose of an action: I do sport to lose weight

After prepositions: I’m fed up with waiting for him. He should arrive earlier

After adjectives: it’s good for the planet to save energy and to reduce our rubbish

After some verbs (see list on workbook): I spend too much time thinking of my problems

After some verbs (see list on workbook): I need to find my keys or I won’t be able to go back home

1. Choose the correct words

1) I’m tired of lending/to lend money to him. He should learn saving/to save it.

2) I always enjoy doing/to do sport and it keeps me really fit.

3) Wasting/to waste energy is something I hate a lot

4) They went to the supermarket buying/to buy some washing powder.

5) Don’t put off studying/to study to the last day.

6) It’s fantastic spending/to spend time with your best friends.

7) I don’t mind helping/to help at home. My parents really need me helping/to help them.

2. Complete the sentences using the gerund or infinitive of the verbs in brackets.

1 I’m not in the mood for __________ (tell) jokes.

2 I’m going to get a Saturday job _________ (buy) a new computer.

3 _________ (read) is my favourite hobby.

4 We enjoyed _________ (see) you again.

5 I’m looking forward to _________ (go) on holiday.

6 She needs _________ (concentrate) on her work.

7 I’m seriously thinking of_______________(buy) a new house.

8 I can’t afford_________________(spend) my holidays abroad. It’s too expensive.

9 I’ve decided________________(apply) for that job in the USA. I hope to get it!

10 _______________________________________ She can’t stand____________(study)

maths. She really hates them.

3.Decide which sentences are wrong and correct the mistakes

1) To run is my favourite exercise.

2) It was wonderful to see you again.

3) Before handing the exam in, please revise it.

4) I’m going to a music academy because I want to learn to play the piano.

5) I usually spend too much time to do my homework.

6) I taught my dog to jump and leap when it was a puppy.

7) She’s not very happy in Madrid because she misses to meet her friends and her

family.

8) I phoned my brother to asking him if he remembered our mother’s birthday. I had

forgotten!

VOCABULARY Expressions with be and have

be: careful early hungry late lucky right scared sixteen years old thirsty

wrong have: a break a good time a lie-in a look a party a shower dinner something to

eat

1. Complete the sentences with the expressions above.

1) Be____________. That dog might bite you!

2) Please, try not to be___________. The teacher doesn’t like people who aren’t on time.

3) We have been working hard all day. Let’s have______________. 4) I’ve been_____________of spiders since I was a child. 5) I love spending time with my friends. I always have such________________. 6) Shall we have fish for_____________ tonight? 7) I think I’ll have_____________on my bed before I go back to work. 8) New York as the USA capital is a ____________answer.

Nouns: generations

birth boom craze death fashion gadget hairstyle icon invention look peace war

Uses of get

get a bus get a driving licence get a goal get a job get away get better get a present get dark get home get the flu get tired get together get to school get up get upset

1. Choose one of the words about generations or the right use of get in the right tense to complete the sentences. 1) In Spain you need to be 18 to_____________________.

2) James Dean was a very popular____________in the 50s

3) Be careful this winter, if you don’t wear warm clothes you may_____________.

4) I’m________________ after studying so much. I think I’m going to bed.

5) If we could develop a car that used water instead of petrol, that would be the

best____________of the century.

6) Today mobile phones, tablet PCs and mp4 are the most popular______________

amongst people.

7) I____________with my best friend when I found out he had revealed my most

hidden secret.

8) Yesterday my mother told me off because I ___________very late.

9) The use of social networks is the____________of the last decade.

10) If I study hard in the university I’ll get_____________ when I finish my studies.

Verbs: relationships

ask (someone) out fancy finish with flirt with get married get on well with go out with have an argument with have got a lot in common introduce to meet split up

Extreme adjectives Adjectives: angry bad frightening funny good good-looking interesting memorable tiring unpleasant

Extreme adjectives: awful brilliant disgusting exhausting fascinating furious gorgeous hilarious terrifying unforgettable

1. Complete the sentences with some of the relationship vocabulary.

1 Is she really going ________________ with him?

2 I’ve just had an ________________ with my best friend.

3 He looks nice. Can you ________________ us, please?

4 He’s getting ________________ with his girlfriend next weekend in the church.

5 They’re in love, but they haven’t got a lot in ________________.

6 Do you ________________ my sister?

7 How did you________________ your girlfriend? At school?

8 He’s going to ________________ with her. She’ll be really upset.

9 He fell in love ________________ my sister.

10 We didn’t use to be good colleagues but now we_________________with each other.

2. Complete the extreme adjectives.

1 The day was ______________ – I’ve never been so tired.

2 The film was ________________ – I’ve never been so afraid in a cinema!!.

3 The food was ______________ I couldn’t eat it and it smelled horrible.

4 The cartoon was much more than funny. It was _____________

5 Mum was ________________ with me because I came back home at 11.30 PM.

6 Richard is a ______________student. He always gets the best marks in class.

7 Where did you buy that fantastic shirt? You look_____________!

8 Those holidays were________________. I’ll always remember them!

Nouns and verbs: medical science Nouns: cause clone cure development discovery experiment operation prevention research suffering transplant treatment

Verbs: cause clone cure develop discover experiment operate prevent research suffer transplant treat

Phrasal verbs: health and lifestyle call on cut down on get over give up go without take up turn off work out

1. Use some of the medical science words to match the following definitions:

--An exact copy of an animal, a plant:

--Synonym for investigation:

--To remove an organ from someone’s body to change it:

--To cut someone’s body to remove or repair something:

--Something that makes you feel better when you’re sick:

2. Complete the text with the phrasal verbs above in the right tense:

I’ve just _____________smoking after a serious problem in my lungs but I’m ______________my illness after I have been treated in the hospital. I’m going to change my life. I want to go on a healthier diet, and I will do more sport. I’m going to ______________jogging or swimming and ______________at least three times a week. I think I’ll _______________my computer and my TV and also go out more. The only thing is I’m sure I won’t be able to ___________________my fizzy drinks. I know I should _______________sugar to lose some weight but I like coke so much!

Compound nouns: travel

beach holiday city break day trip five-star accommodation luxury hotel return flight skiing gear train ticket travel companion winter sports

Phrasal verbs: travel come across come back get off get on put on put up set off stop off take off turn back

1. Read the definitions and write the correct word that matches the definition

1 A flight to your destination and then back home again: __________________

2 Somebody who accompanies you on your trip : ___________________

3 Somewhere very luxurious to stay (3 words): ___________________

4 The clothes and equipment you need to ski: ___________________

5 Activities such as skiing (often in the snow): ___________________

6 A short journey to a place and back again : ___________________

2. Complete the sentences with the right phrasal verb.

1 I miss Mary. I hope she’ll ___________ soon.

2 If you ______________ my friend Carlos, say hi from me.

3 They will ______________ my brother for a week next summer.

4 ______________ the bus – it’s leaving!

5 You have to __________ the bus at the next stop. It’s the last one.

6 The plane has landed. Now you can _______________ your belt.

7 _________________________________________ Get ready! The shuttle bus to the

airport_____________in a few minutes.

8 The boat____________ due to the bad weather conditions but we had the money back

Adjectives: fashion baggy casual colourful comfortable cool fashionable impractical old-fashioned practical simple smart sophisticated tight uncomfortable uncool

Verbs and nouns: commerce

Verbs: design export grow import manufacture produce shop supply work

Nouns: designer exporter grower importer manufacturer producer shopper supplier worker

1. Vocabulary: fashion. Fill in the blanks with some of the fashion vocabulary.

1. He never wears ____________ clothes. He just likes black suits.

2. My friend is a great hip hop fan and he always wears ______________ jeans.

3. Your skirt is a bit_____________. You should go shopping and buy a new one.

4. These shoes are quite ________________. I can’t walk very well. I need a bigger size.

5. I have to wear tie and suit at work but I love___________clothes for the week-ends.

6. These trainers are very ___________ for all sports because they’re light and comfortable.

7. It’s very ___________ to wear jeans if you’re doing sport

8. I love your new t-shirt. It’s so___ _____!

2. Commerce vocabulary. Match some of the words learned in class with the definitions below

1. To sell products to another country:

2. To provide a product or service:

3. A person who makes things:

4. To A person or company who cultivates plants:

5. bring products into your country:

Nouns: body decoration

beard chain dreadlocks hair dye lipstick moustache nail varnish necklace piercing ring sideburns tattoo to dye

Verbs and adjectives: feelings

annoy/annoyed/annoying bore/bored/boring embarrass/embarrassed/embnarrassing excite/excited/exciting

frighten/frightened/frightening interest/interested/interesting relax/relaxed /relaxing

shock/shocked/shocking surprise/surprised/surprising

worry/worried/worrying

1. Complete the sentences with suitable body decoration vocabulary

1 She’s just __________ her hair. She used to be blonde and now she’s kind of brown

hair.

2 Bob Marley was well-known for his ______________.

3 I’ve just had my hair cut but I’m going to let my _________________ grow like

Wolverine in the film X-men.

4 I have a new __________ on my shoulder. I hope my mother doesn’t see it!

5 That man with the long ___________ is my uncle. He never shaves it!

6 I like wearing_______________and_______________around my neck.

7 I need some make-up on my face. Where’s the_____________?

8 _______________________________________ Your nails need a

bit________________. Do you want to borrow mine?

2.Complete the sentences with verbs and adjectives about feelings. Use the verbs in

the right tense.

1) My parents always ______________ me when they talk to a girl about my childhood.

2) I’ve always been very ____________ in buildings; this is why I decided to study

Arquitecture.

3) When I have holidays I like going to the countryside. For me it’s the most

____________ place to be.

4) Animal hunting is something that I’m very ___________ about.

5) Spiders have always ______________ me a lot.

6) Attractions park have always____________me. I enjoy them so much!

7) It____________me a lot when I have to wait someone for long.

8) I’m going to lie on the couch and__________ a bit. I need some rest.

Nouns: nations and government

borders citizens currency elections flag government head of state laws minister nations politicians society

Verbs: policies

ban build cut elect introduce lower raise spend tax vote

1 Match some of the words about nations and government with the following definitions.

1 A society’s official rules _____________

2 The person who is the leader of a Government department _____________

3 The people in a country or region ___________

4 A line that divides countries _____________

5 A piece of coloured material that represents a country _____________

2. Fill in the gaps with a right word about policies.

1 The government should______________ heavy lorries from the town centre. They are

really dangerous for people.

2 I don’t know who_______for in the next elections.

3 Citizens complain that the government does not_________enough money on health.

4 The minister plans to______________ the school leaving age to 18 years old.

5 We should_________the richest people if we want to get more money for education.

WRITING 1. Make the following writings on a sheet of paper. Writing 1. Write an opinion essay about the school rules in El Valle. Try to follow the proposed structure and the expressions learned in class. Use modal verbs to express obligation, lack of obligation, suggestion, prohibition and conditionals as in the following examples. 100-120 words.

Paragraph 1: Introduction. Explain the situation in your school in comparison with other schools: In my school we must wear uniform…we can’t leave before 5 pm…

Paragraph 2: Argument: In the first place, I believe that…

Paragraph 3: Alternative: if it depended on me, I would choose (not to) come to classes in the afternoon because…Besides, it would be good if…

**Useful words. Have a look at addition and contrast connectors learned in class: besides, however, on the other hand, also…as well as sequence connectors: in the first place, secondly, finally…

Writing 2. You’re taking a foreign friend on holiday with you in the summer. Write an email about your plans for the holiday. Use the ideas to help you as well as

--present simple to talk about transport schedules

--present continuous/ going to for arrangements, plans…

--Nouns and phrasal verbs about travelling

Paragraph 1: ask him/her to remind you about his/her trip data from England so that you can pick him/her up at the airport Paragraph 2: Plans for what to do when you’re there We are going to … Paragraph 3: …Other plans you might propose We could also do…

100-120 words Writing 3

Write about yourself and your vision of the world following these guidelines. Use present

perfect, past simple and feelings vocabulary. (100-120 words).

Paragraph 1: say something about the countries you have visited and when and the

things you liked the most in your trips: (I have been to..., I saw, met...).

Paragraph 2: expose your current vision about the world today. How do you see the

world now? What do you like about it? What annoys you?: I find it especially

interesting, what really annoys me is...

Paragraph 3: tell how you see yourself in the future and your future vision about the

world: As far as the future is concerned, I’m not very optimistic because...