Last Updated 05/05/2008Last Updated 05/05/2008Lan Jiang Lan Jiang St. Peter’s CollegeSt. Peter’s College

Constructive Courseware Design for Constructive Courseware Design for

CSL Students through Chinese - English CSL Students through Chinese - English Comparison Comparison

Basic PrincipleBasic Principle: Constructivism: Constructivism

Cognitive structures within the learner facilCognitive structures within the learner facilitate the process of learning. itate the process of learning.

All knowledge is constructed through a proAll knowledge is constructed through a process of reflective abstraction. cess of reflective abstraction.

New Knowledge Construction takes place iNew Knowledge Construction takes place in individual contexts and through social nen individual contexts and through social negotiation, collaboration and experience. gotiation, collaboration and experience.

Basic PrincipleBasic Principle: Constructivism: Constructivism

It is easier for learners to understand the fIt is easier for learners to understand the full meaning of instructional materials if the ull meaning of instructional materials if the materials are relevant to the real-life contematerials are relevant to the real-life context.xt.Assessment of the learning is interwoven Assessment of the learning is interwoven with teaching. with teaching. Scaffolding is facilitated to help learners pScaffolding is facilitated to help learners perform just beyond the limits of their abilitieerform just beyond the limits of their abilities. s.

Target Learner ATarget Learner Analysis nalysis

The motivation of study correlates with personal/The motivation of study correlates with personal/occupational development plan.occupational development plan.The goal of learning is not clearly defined.The goal of learning is not clearly defined.Grasping simple communication skills is the comGrasping simple communication skills is the common desire.mon desire.Participation is a conditioned categoryParticipation is a conditioned categoryby the classroom atmosphere.by the classroom atmosphere.Strong logical thinking intelligence.Strong logical thinking intelligence.Cognitive system in the 1Cognitive system in the 1st st language has already language has already been developed.been developed.Lack of experiences in 2Lack of experiences in 2ndnd language learning. language learning.

Design the CoursewareDesign the Courseware

The concept mapping gives prominence to the crThe concept mapping gives prominence to the creation of learner-centered environment.eation of learner-centered environment.

With benefits of English-Chinese comparison, prWith benefits of English-Chinese comparison, provide scaffolding in the combination of 4 skills.ovide scaffolding in the combination of 4 skills.

Take advantage of relevant real-life context.Take advantage of relevant real-life context.

Encourage collaboration in every level with clasEncourage collaboration in every level with classroom exercises and activities.sroom exercises and activities.

Enhance the course content with related cultural Enhance the course content with related cultural elements.elements.

Design the CoursewareDesign the Courseware

Instructional taskInstructional taskss CharacterCharacterss WordWordss Sentence drillSentence drillss

IInstructional procedurenstructional proceduress IntroduceIntroduce ExplainExplain PracticePractice

Task

Instructor

student

student

student

student

student

Classroom Collaborations

Instructor

student

student

第第 1111 课 交通课 交通Sample Lesson

自行车出租车

汽车

火车

公共汽车

车三轮车

开车，停车，等车，坐车

第第 1111 课 交通课 交通Sample Lesson

火车

铁路

地 ( 下 ) 铁 ( 路 )

外里

上下

头

身

车

第第 1111 课 交通课 交通Sample Lesson

辆

车 两

漂

氵 票

机

朩 几

坐

土 人 人

从 朵休

第第 1111 课 交通课 交通

先先 V1V1 ，，再再 V2V2 ，，然后然后 VV33First do First do V1V1 ，， thenthen do V2 do V2 ，， and then do and then do VV33

Sample Lesson

先先 再再 然后然后

第第 1111 课 交通课 交通Two kinds of Two kinds of "or""or"Statements: Statements: 或者或者 Alternative questions: Alternative questions: 还是还是

Sample Lesson

或者或者 都可以都可以。。

你想你想 还是还是 去去？？

((SubSub) ) 每每 (Num(Num--) MW (N) ) MW (N) 都都 VVIf using If using 都都 , then the , then the 每 每 phrase must go phrase must go before before 都都 . .

第第 1111 课 交通课 交通Sample Lesson

我我每每 (( 一一 )) 天天都都 去学校。去学校。

我我每每天天 去学校。去学校。

伦敦玛莉莲买了件旗袍送妈妈。莫

斯科的夫司基

爱上牛肉面疙瘩。各

种颜色的皮肤，

各种颜色的头发，

嘴里念的说的

开始流行中国话。

多少年我们苦练

英文发音和文法，

这几年换他们卷著舌头

学平上去入的变化。

平平仄仄平平仄

仄仄平平仄仄平。好

聪明的中国人，

好优美的中国话！