courseware guide

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Tel.Nos. +63(2) 435 0255 / +63(2) 929 6924 / +63(2) 929 8094

COURSEWAREGUIDE

ABOUT THE SERIES EDITOR

Jaime D.L. Caro, Ph.D.

Dr. Caro has more than 20 years of experience in education and research in the areas of Computer Science, Information Technology, and Mathematics. He received the degrees of Bachelor of Science major in Mathematics (cum laude) in 1986, Master of Science in Mathematics in 1994, and Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics in 1996, all from the University of the Philippines Diliman. He spent a year as a post doctorate research fellow at the University of Oxford from 1997 to 1998.

He is presently Assistant Vice President for Development of the University of the Philippines, Program Director of the UP Information Technology Training Center (UP ITTC), and a professor of Computer Science in UP Diliman. He is an honorary member of the Philippine Society of Information Technology Educators (PSITE), President of the Computing Society of the Philippines (CSP), and a member of the Technical Panel on Information Technology Education of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED). Dr. Caro is a recognized expert on Complexity Theory, Combinatorial Network Theory, Online Communities, and e-Learning.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A Word on Tekkids 1The Tekkids Series 2Tekkids Jr. 4Tekkids 1 6Tekkids 2 8

A Word on TekHIGH 18The TekHIGH Series 19ICT and Society 22Office Productivity 24Introduction to Desktop Publishing 26Web Design 28Programming Fundamentals 30Database Concepts 32Java Programming By Example 34

PREMIUM I.T. LEARNING FOR CHILDREN

I.T. Project 36Animation in a Flash 38Video Production and DigitalPhotography for Beginners 40C++ Programming Fundamentals 42Computer Networking Basics 44VB.NET Programming Fundamentals 46Problem Solving with Robotics 48ICT & Society 2: Social Networking 50E-commerce: Doing Business Online 52Accounting for Basic Bookkeeping 54

A Word on HigherEd 56The HigherEd Series 57ICT 101 60

Tekkids 3 10Tekkids 4 12Tekkids 5 14Tekkids 6 16

ICT 102 62Accounting for Business 64

A Word On Tekkids

The computer is now an integral part of everyday living which makes it essential that a child’s awareness on information technology be nurtured early in life.

The Tekkids courseware series provides a great learning experience for students. It is more than a textbook set. It guides pupils to discover on their own what can be done with computers through fun and informative stories and games. During the course, they are introduced to useful terms, ideas, and tasks relating to computers that take the reader on an exciting journey in the ever-changing world of information and communications technology (ICT).

The Tekkids lessons represent ladderized levels in teaching the practical side of computing. These combine explanations and tutorials with attention to pedagogical details that make it easier for the teacher to convey specific concepts, ideas, and processes, resulting in more productive time in the classroom.

From the stories that complement the lessons, to the interactive activities, each lesson offers a wealth of knowledge waiting to be discovered with every turn of the page. Inquisitive minds will have an adventure in the learning process as they acquaint themselves with the intricacies, nuances, and norms behind ICT and become more familiar with current technologies and applications.

Whether for instruction or for learning, the Tekkids coursewares are veritable sources of both technical and general material that are easy to appreciate and understand. They encourage children to learn more about computers on their own.

It is the publisher’s wish that the Tekkids series be an essential academic source to be valued not only by children, but also by parents and teachers, even after the lessons are long done!

Dr. Jaime D.L. Caro

PREMIUM ICT LEARNING FOR CHILDREN

The textbooks have opening Stories that serve to introduce or reinforce concepts tackled in the lessons.

The Tekkids SeriesThe current crop of Tekkids products includes books and interactive CDs for the elementary level which are all patterned after international standards of content, design and quality. The contents come together as a comprehensive and interactive learning system that is pedagogically adapted to the needs of both the classroom and laboratory.

Basic Lesson Outlines and specific Learning Goals introduce readers to the contents of each lesson.

Discover MS Word’s features that help with spelling, grammar, and synonyms

Learn how to apply these tools when editing a document

AutoCorrect

Spelling and Grammar Check

Adding Words to the Dictionary

Correcting Grammar

Synonyms

Lesson Goals

Lesson Outline

2

A Summary is provided to drive home the main points of the lesson.

The exercises are supported by more problem-solving activities in the companion CDs.

National Educational Technology Standards for Students

• Creativity and Innovation

• Communication and Collaboration

• Research and Information Fluency

• Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, and Decision Making

• Digital Citizenship

• Technology Opertions and Concepts

Skills Workout quizzes are also given to challenge the students’ understanding of the lessons.

The lessons conform to the National Educational Technology Standards for Students of the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) which identifies a general set of competency skills that technology-literate students should demonstrate.

The Tekkids books make sure that the readers are equipped with these skills that will help them become informed decision-makers about technology even beyond their school years.

Word Bank enables students to be familiar with new words and terms. MS Excel has a Formatting Toolbar that allows you

to change the way your data and cells look. You can also format numbers and enter them as dates, time, currency, decimals, percentages, or in comma form.

Summary

application softwareword processorWYSIWYGspreadsheetcellcell addressoffice suitepersonal productivity

Word Bank

Write a program in pseudocode for counting the numbers 1 to 5.

Skills Workout

1LESSON

3

Technology Concepts IntroducedThis courseware introduces preschoolers to the simplest concepts of technology. The

activity-based lessons teach the difference between natural and man-made objects and provide varied examples of machines that the children are familiar and can identify with. Here they encounter their first lesson on the computer, establishing its many uses.

Do Exercises that Reiterate ConceptsThis courseware abounds in image and color as it seeks to capture the attention of the little

ones and teach an otherwise technical subject matter—about computer parts and how to use them. The exercises reiterate the concepts taught and are complemented with other engaging activities that provide opportunities for the children to practice their skills in alphabet and number recognition, as well as develop finger dexterity through writing and coloring.

Problem-Solving Skills DevelopedThe courseware makes sure that the children develop programming skills at an early stage

through the module on problem-solving. Age-appropriate exercises on classification, sorting, sequencing, counting, and following directions are the skills children will get to practice as they go through the assortment of activities in this level.

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Learning GoalsThis courseware is about computers. It shows what can be

done with computers.You will know…1. what machines are and what they can do;2. the different words used in computers;3. the proper way of using computers; and,4. what to do if there is a problem with the computer.

You will…1. work on the computer;2. use computers properly;3. make projects on the computer with the help of your

teacher; and,4. use the Internet to get information and keep in touch

with others.

Thematic Environment: HomeLuis is Mina’s next-door neighbor and favorite playmate. He often visits Mina in her house and they have lots of fun doing things together. They learn about the interesting world of technology and computers right in their own homes.

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Questions on IT are AnsweredThrough this courseware, children gain a basic understanding that computers and information go hand-in-hand. A whole module

is devoted to teaching what information is all about. Here, the reader finds simple and easy-to-grasp answers to the questions: What is information? Where can we get information? How do we get information? Once these are established, the Internet is then aptly introduced.

A Peek at Social MediaTaking the use of the Internet a step further, the children get a very early introduction on the basics of communicating online via

email and social networking.

A Holistic Approach on TeachingThe preschool years are a major part of the child’s formative years, and is believed to be the best time to teach right conduct and

proper behavior. The courseware demonstrates its holistic approach through lessons on computer ethics where children are made aware that technology can be as harmful as it is useful, but that they can choose to use it wisely and responsibly.

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc 83

slide

swing

tree

bench

seesaw

kite

Luis and Mina went to the park. How many of each object did they see?

Color the number of boxes to match how many there are of each object.

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc 125

5 Connecting on the Net

MODULE

The Internet is also a place to connect with other people. It connects us to anybody anywhere in the world in an instant. All it takes is just the click of a mouse!

Lesson 16Sending E-mail Lesson 17Friends on the Net

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc

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Machines Around Us

1LESSON

5


Discover the Ins and Outs of ComputingThe courseware begins with the child learning about the usefulness of machines in

everyday life. This serves as the springboard for introducing the computer as a machine that helps people do their jobs. Students get to find out the different uses of computers at home and in the workplace.

Widen Knowledge on Computer PartsTo widen the child’s understanding of what a computer is, different computers are

introduced in this courseware. Emphasis is given on the personal computer, which, of course, is what the child will learn to use. Specific lessons are devoted to the parts of the personal computer, which include the central processing unit, the monitor, the keyboard, and the mouse. Aside from the basic parts, students also learn about other devices that can be attached to the computer—from printers and speakers, to storage devices. In this way, the children get to appreciate even more the usefulness of the computer as they find out how, with these devices, the computer can actually be used in a variety of ways and for different purposes.

Experience Hands-On ComputingOf course, in this courseware, students do not stop at knowing the uses of the computer.

They will actually use it! Step-by-step instructions on switching the computer on and off are the first steps that the students take in their hands-on experience, and they are taught not just how to use it, but how to use it properly. This courseware highlights the proper habits of using the computer as well.


done with computers.You will know…1. the different words used in computers; and,2. the proper way of using computers.

You will…1. use computing devices;2. use materials on technology that will help you learn;3. join in group computing activities;4. make projects on the computer with the help of your

teacher; and,5. use the Internet to get information and keep in touch

with others.

Thematic Environment: SchoolKitchie and Charlie are twins who go to the same school and belong to the same class in Grade 1. As they go about their school routines, they also discover new things about computers and technology.

System Unit

Keyboard

Monitor

Mouse

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Get Familiar with MultimediaStudents are shown a different side of the computer which, aside from being an educational tool, can also be used for

entertainment—such as for playing games, music, and video, among other things.

Mesh Productivity with InteractivityLearning computers gets even more fun as students are introduced to the use of the different productivity tools—Paint, to

draw and color, Word, to type their names or write a letter, Excel, to add and sort data, and PowerPoint, to learn the basics of slide presentation. The interface of each program is fully illustrated for the children to easily learn its important parts.

Learn from Computing IllustrationsYoung as they are, children already get a glimpse of what programming is all about in this courseware. Programming concepts are

reinforced with simple illustrations on following directions and even include a game on making decisions.

Appreciate the “Net Value” of Browsers and Other ToolsChildren learn that the computer is a research tool as they are introduced to the Internet. In this courseware, they get to

know some of the tools needed to find information on the Net, such as browsers, search engines, and online dictionaries/ encyclopedias. And more than just a tool for finding information, they also get acquainted with the use of the Internet as a means of connecting with other people through social networking.

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc Computers at Home

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It’s the first day of school. Kitchie and

Charlie woke up to the smell of bread. Mama

was in the kitchen. She was checking the oven.

Papa was at the table. He was using his laptop

computer.“What are you doing, Papa?” asked Charlie.

“I am reading the news on the Internet,”

answered Papa.“What are you doing, Mama?” asked

Kitchie.“I am checking if the bread is baking

properly,” answered Mama. “Tita Cindy sent

the recipe over through e-mail.”

“It smells good!” said Charlie.

“I’m hungry,” said Kitchie.

“Better dress up first,” said Papa. “Your

school bus will be here soon.”

Lesson Goals

Give examples of the different uses of the computer at home

Identify the benefits of using a computer

Lesson Outline

Work on the Computer

Fun with the Computer

Get In Touch on the Computer

12

Computers at HomeLESSON

2

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsIncComputers at Home

Work on the Computer

Have you seen a computer? A computer is also a machine. Like other machines, it makes our jobs easier. The computer helps us do many things. At home, we can use it in many ways. In school, they are also very useful.

write letters

draw and print pictures

send and receive e-mail read stories

send

Hi,How are you? We

have a meeting

tomorrow at 9 am.

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Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsIncThe Different Types of Computers

A tablet is a mobile computer that works using a touch screen, rather than a keyboard. You can use digital pens with some tablets.

A smartphone is a cellphone that also works like a computer. You can connect to the Internet with it, as well as store and edit computer files. You can even show pictures and play videos and music on it.

Word Bank

mainframe

supercomputer

minicomputer

microcomputer

mobile device

tablet

laptop

smartphone

Summary

There are different kinds of computers for different kinds of jobs. They come in various sizes: from big supercomputers to small smartphones. But they all exist for one purpose—to help make our lives easier.

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Understand the Role of the ComputerIn this courseware, students are made aware that technology is everywhere and can be

seen in familiar places like the supermarket, the airport, the mall, and even right in the home. This helps them understand that the computer, being a major technological invention, plays a big role in helping people do their jobs wherever they may be.

Peek Into the Computer’s InnardsThe readers gain a comprehensive understanding of how a computer works as they learn

that computer hardware function as input and output devices in the information processing cycle. Readers are also given a peek at what’s inside the system unit and are introduced as well to storage devices. The importance of caring for the computer is also covered in the lessons.

Find Out How Software Make Hardware UsefulStudents find out from this courseware that if there is hardware, then there should also

be software for a computer to become useful. Their knowledge of software is widened as they learn about the two types of software—system software and application software.

Appreciate the Relevance of IT ToolsThe bulk of the courseware deals with practical aspects of using a variety of application

software including painting, word processing, slide presentation, and spreadsheet programs. Familiarity with the keyboard and tips on keyboard typing are also given attention in this courseware. But more than just a tutorial, the lessons provide the necessary concepts needed for the child to appreciate the relevance of these productivity and communication tools in day-to-day life.

Learning GoalsComputers are meant to be used by anyone. But you still

have to learn how to use them and to understand their functions before you can work with them properly.

You will know…1. basic things about computing devices;2. the purposes of hardware and software; and,3. different multimedia programs.

You will learn…1. the effective use of computing devices;2. how to handle computer resources; and,3. how to communicate using a computer and keep in

touch with others.

Thematic Environment: NeighborhoodNikko and Nikki are siblings who live in Sining Village where almost every house has a computer. Visits with friends and relatives in the neighborhood give them opportunities to exchange knowledge and information about computers.

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Have What It Takes to Be a ProgrammerThis courseware raises the students’ knowledge of computer programming a notch higher with a discussion of the various

programming languages. Add to these the programming concepts of sequencing, pseudocode, and flowcharts, and the child quickly understands what it takes to become a computer programmer!

Experience a Net ViewStudents gain a better understanding of how the Internet works as it teaches the basics of web browsing and search engines.

E-mail is tackled by teaching the students not just how to use e-mail but also the proper ways of writing an e-mail through a list of Basic Netiquette that children can easily understand and follow.

Sometimes you may want to input numbers with decimals. For example, you might want to type seventy-five pesos as “75.00” in a cell. Simply typing “7.00” will not work. MS Excel will remove the two zeros, and only “7” will remain after you press Enter on the keyboard.

Enter key not pressed yet After pressing Enter key

See how the zeroes are removed after the Enter key is pressed?

To add the zeros, click on the cell and select the Increase Decimal button from the Number group twice. The Decrease Decimal button will remove the zeros one by one.

Word Bank

formatting

Summary

Formatting in MS Excel means changing the styles or appearance of what’s inside the cells. The cells are also formatted. The formatting tools are similar to those found in MS Word and other MS Office programs.

283 Formatting in MS Excel Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc

Lesson Goals

Distinguishbetweenhardware andsoftware

Explain howhardwareand softwarework together

Lesson Outline

ComputerHardware

ComputerSoftware

How Hardwareand SoftwareWork Together

Hardware and

Software3LESSON

A Joystick Is Not Enough

Uncle Cesar and cousin Jojo came for

a visit. Jojo had a new soccer game with

joysticks! The cousins ran to the computer and

plugged in the joysticks.

“Wait,” Uncle Cesar said. He then inserted

the CD into the computer and installed the

game.“So that’s what the CD is for!” Nikko

exclaimed. Uncle Cesar nodded. “You need

both hardware and software to play the game.”

Nikko and Jojo smiled. They had discovered

something new today.

18 Hardware and Software


Statement Sequences

Your dog can obey commands one after the other. But your dog can’t obey if you tell it to bark while it’s still eating the biscuit you had just given it. The sequence is not logical. One action has to follow the other.

A computer also follows commands in proper order. The statements are obeyed one after the other in the order in which

statements.

exist in program languages. They allow changes of sequencing in the following sequential order:

1. Choice. These statements are to be obeyed only under some conditions.2. Loops. These statements are to be obeyed repeatedly.3. Subroutines. These are a group of separate statements that are to be obeyed.

Commands must follow a logical order.

Bark!

Beg!

295 Sequencing Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc

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Understand Computers and Change In this courseware, students are made aware of the impact of computers with the

many changes we now experience in our present society. At the same time, it gives a more comprehensive understanding of these changes by tracing the history of computers, discussing its beginnings and development through the years.

Associate Hardware and SoftwareReaders will learn about some hardware and software concepts and how these come

together when using the computer. Input devices like the mouse and other point-and-draw devices are discussed. The use of the keyboard is given special emphasis with practical keyboarding lessons that will develop ease of use on the keyboard. For software, students become familiar with system software and how the operating system plays a crucial role in running the computer.

Learn About Multimedia This courseware devotes lessons on multimedia technology which has become part and

parcel of learning about computers. Motion capture, 3-D, and touchscreen are some topics discussed, giving greater insight on how such technologies work.


done with computers. You will know… 1. the uses of technological devices; 2. the proper way of using computers; 3. which kind of computer to use for a problem; and, 4. whether or not the information you get from the

Internet is worthwhile.

You will… 1. use computers for learning, communicating and

solving problems; and, 2. use input and output devices.

Thematic Environment: City In this courseware, nine-year-old Jose lives with his cousin Julia in an apartment in Himig City. Together, they have adventures and learn about computers in school!

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Find New Ways to Do TasksThe children will enjoy an immersive way to learn how to use the computer and to accomplish different tasks with it—from

preparing write-ups and reports using word processors and spreadsheets, to creating multimedia presentations and databases! Concise steps and explanations will enable pupils to find out how work can be faster, easier, more organized, and fun with just a few clicks of the mouse and the keyboard!

Master the Net and NetiquetteWith the Internet now playing a vital role in information and communications technology, this courseware provides a deeper

grasp of the many areas that the Internet covers, including online networks and tools, social networking, messaging, and even gaming. All the more crucial are lessons on netiquette for a holistic approach to developing the budding IT professionals under your wing.

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This book shows what can be done with

computers.

You will know...1. the uses of technological devices;

2. the proper way of using computers;

3. the basics of word processing; and,

4. how to apply word processing steps.

You will...1. use computers for learning,

communicating and solving problems;

and,2. use input and output devices.

Learning Goals

Hi! My name is Tekki.

I’m a robot. I’ll be your

guide as we go around

the school and learn more

things about computers and

information technology. Are

you ready?

7Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc

Computers and the Changing Society

Computers and ChangeBecause of the Internet, Jose can talk to his mama in real time. Unlike letters, the Internet allows Jose and his mama to exchange stories immediately. They do not have to wait a long time for each other’s mail to arrive. Unlike the phone, the Internet delivers not only sound, but also pictures and videos. It allows you to see and hear other people who are far away from you. The Internet is just one part of the many changes we have experienced because of computers. What other changes brought about by computers do you see around you?

Information TechnologyInformation technology (IT) makes information so much easier to use. It allows us to save and get information through the computer. Through IT, we can exchange information with other people who use computers. Exchanging information can be done through the Internet.Imagine the Internet as a network of roads that lead to different places. Some of these roads meet and cross, others run beside each other. Information is like a car that can travel along these roads. It goes from one computer to another. This is why the Internet is called the information superhighway. It connects different computers to each other. Thus, knowledge and learning do not stay in one computer, but can be shared by everyone.

The Internet is a massive network of interconnected computers.

25 Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsIncPoint-and-Draw Devices

Julia and her best friend, Clarissa, were on their way to the school canteen. Suddenly, Clarissa screamed. She looked pale as she pointed to a small, white, furry creature scurrying across the corridor. It was sniffing the sides of the wall, its whiskers quivering.

“Oh, that!” Julia grinned and walked to the creature. She carefully picked it up with her fingers and placed it on her palms. Its bright, brown eyes looked at her. Its whiskers moved up and down. “It must have escaped from the Science lab,” Julia said as she walked back to Clarissa, who backed away. “It’s a friendly mouse, don’t worry. It won’t eat you.”

“B-but...”

Lesson Goals

Describe a computer mouse and what it does

Demonstrate how to use a computer mouse

Identify other kinds of point-and-draw devices

Lesson Outline

What Is a Mouse?

How a Mouse Works

Other Point-and-Draw Devices

Point-and-Draw Devices

LESSON

4

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Witness a Digital Revolution Today, a different kind of revolution is taking place. It is taking place in our technological

society. It is called the Information Technology Revolution. In this courseware, children will discover its meaning in the digital context. What is digital technology? What is digital information? How do we encode data for computers to understand? How is data processed and stored? All these questions and more are answered for them in Tekkids 4.

Explore the Library Inside It is kind of a mystery to some how a computer is able to store so many things inside of it

and still keep them organized like the books in a library. Well, wonder no more, as a module of Tekkids 4 deals solely with files—their types, and how people work with them.

Be Familiar with Your ComputerYou can immediately get comfortable and familiar with your computer after going

through the lessons on the Windows Desktop and office productivity applications which this courseware presents in a “getting-to-know-you” format. Topics on multimedia also extend your knowledge of the many versatile and more complex applications of computers.

Learning GoalsThis courseware is about Information Technology. You will… 1. use the desktop; 2. use an operating system; 3. use application software; 4. use input and output devices; 5. manage files; 6. protect computers from viruses; 7. develop multimedia presentations; and, 8. solve problems using programming concepts.

Through this courseware, you should be able to… 1. explain the proper use of technology; 2. demonstrate ethical use of computers; 3. use computing technology for learning,

communication and problem-solving; and, 4. evaluate the quality of information.

Thematic Environment: Country Grade 4 student Carmel finds an unlikely friend when she meets Felix from Davao in their school, Ylang-Ylang Academy. Together, they discover many things about the ups and downs of life and what it’s like at the other side of the fence.

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Never Be Lost In Translation Do computers understand what we say? Can they interpret our actions? Can they read our mind? In many ways, they can appear

to do all these things because of how programs work. In this courseware, you can have a useful grasp of programming and understand what it is and what it does to make computers understand and obey their users.

Discover the NetThe world today is a smaller place because of the Internet. Information is easily shared and made available to anybody who

wants it; communication is much faster and can be done in real-time, and doing business has become much more convenient. The courseware opens all these possibilities and many more with topics on using the Internet. Privacy and security issues are also touched on to bring awareness of certain dangers that come with its use.

Philippine Copyright 2010 techFactorsInc 279Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc Loop Statements

For example, let us say you are having problems answering an online math question correctly. The website tells you to keep trying. Your statements will be:

If the answer is wrong, try again

If statement: the answer is wrong

then statement: try again

Your while loop statement will be:

While the answer is wrong, keep trying.

And when you get the answer right—that is, the condition (if) has become false—then you can move on to the next question.


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Shapes

Adding Multiple Shapes

1. Choose a slide where to put the shape.

2. On the Ribbon, click on the Home tab.

3. In the Drawing group, click on Shapes. A drop-down menu will appear.

You can scroll down to see more choices.

4. Right-click on the shape that you want to add, and then click on Lock

Drawing Mode.

5. Click anywhere on the slide, and then drag the crosshair pointer to place

the shape. Repeat this for each shape that you want to add.

6. Pressing and holding SHIFT on the keyboard while dragging the crosshair

pointer lets you create a perfect shape or limit a shape’s size.

7. When you are done adding all of the shapes, press ESC on the keyboard.

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsIncWorking with Files

Lesson Goals

Create and work with files

Explain how files are named

Explain how files are organized in a computer

Identify the location of a file

Describe what a file management program does

Lesson Outline

Creating and Working with Files

Naming Files

Viewing Files

Locating Files

Managing Files

That afternoon in the computer room, Carmel discovered Felix going through stacks of CDs on the shelves. “What are you doing? Why are you messing around with those?” she demanded to know.“I’m looking for reference materials for science class,” Felix answered. We need a filing system. These CDs are a mess!” He opened a CD case and yelped, “Hey these are good stuff, but it’s hard to figure out how they are arranged.”Carmel sighed as she switched on the computer she was using. “It’s harder to figure out how to tell the story of Ibong Adarna for the newsletter’s literary section.”“Well then, why don’t you tell me the story first and we’ll see what we can do about it,” Felix said.“All right,” Carmel said. “Once upon a time…”

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Working with Files

LESSON

4

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Get Personal with the PCIn this courseware, you will learn about the many applications of computers and their

classifications. Ever wondered how a computer functions? This courseware will let readers get a glimpse of what is inside the computer’s system unit, such as the motherboard and the microprocessor.

Gain Networking InsightsHow can computers communicate with one another? This courseware provides you

with simple and straightforward explanations on the fundamental concepts of networking.

Stepped Instructions to FollowThe step-by-step instructions presented in this courseware let you improve the way you

create your documents in MS Word and MS Excel; databases in MS Access; and multimedia presentations in MS PowerPoint.

Connect with the WebIt’s all about connectivity when talking about the World Wide Web. A whole module

discusses the many Internet applications that can be explored—from social networking, blogging, and sharing of files, to Internet shopping, social gaming, and search optimization.

Learning GoalsThis courseware is about Information Technology.You will…1. use application software;2. understand facts and principles about digitization;3. use computing resources responsibly;4. interpret the processing cycle;5. understand IT issues; and,6. solve problems using programming concepts.

Through this courseware, you should be able to…1. explain the proper use of technology;2. demonstrate ethical use of computers;3. use computing technology for learning,

communication, and problem solving;4. identify which kind of technology is suitable for a

particular problem; and,5. evaluate the quality of information.

Thematic Environment: WorldIn this courseware, Aki Lee experiences different cultures and meets with different people in all her travels along with her grandfather, Dr. Oliver Lee and her notebook computer, “Jojo.”

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Computers for Personal Use

The personal computer (PC), the most common type of computer, is designed for the use

of an individual. It is a general purpose computer, which means it has many different uses.

You can use it to watch movies, surf the Internet, send e-mail, type a letter, or even compose

your very own song.

Over the past few years, the processing power of personal computers has increased

dramatically. Alongside this is the significant decrease in both size and price. More variations

of the personal computer have also been developed by manufacturers. Here are some of the

different personal computers.

DesktopThe desktop computer is suited for

use on a typical office desk and has the

following basic components: a microtower

or a minitower central processing unit,

basic input devices such as the mouse and

keyboard, and a basic output device, which

is the monitor. Today’s desktop computers

often include a built-in modem, a CD-ROM

or DVD or Blu-ray drive, and a number of

The designs of Apple Macintosh

computers, however, differ from those

of the typical PC. The Apple iMac, for example, integrates the monitor and the central

processing unit into a single unit. It has a fast CD- and DVD-burning superdrive.

Laptop and NetbookThe laptop is designed to meet

one basic requirement: portability. This

computer combines all the components

of a personal computer—the monitor, the

keyboard, storage devices, memory, and

the processor—into one package that is

easy to carry around. Most laptops weigh

at least eight pounds and are less than

three inches thick. A laptop is typically

more expensive than the regular desktop

computer. Laptops can become as powerful

as a desktop computer when a docking

station and a hardware frame are used. The hardware frame includes a set of electrical

connection interfaces for peripheral input/output devices. A port replicator allows users to

12Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc

The Motherboard

What Is a Motherboard?The motherboard (sometimes nicknamed mobo) is where all the major components of a computer are attached. It is also called the main or system board. On Apple computers, it’s known as the logic board .

Located inside the system unit, the motherboard is a large printed circuit board made of plastic or fiberglass. Its main function is to provide the switching circuitry that the CPU needs to transmit data within the computer system. It links the CPU to the computer’s input/output (I/O) buses. It also houses the central processing unit, the chipset, the memory slots, and the expansion slots.The chipset is a collection of integrated circuits that perform the main functions of the

motherboard. RAM, or random access memory, is installed in the memory slots. Expansion slots provide direct access to the common electrical bus.

How Does a Motherboard Work?Think of the motherboard as a city made up of the following elements: buildings (expansion boards and RAM), roads (data bus), the city hall (CPU), electricity, and people (data).

The city hall controls all the events that occur in the city. It creates and enforces the city’s rules. In much the same way, the CPU controls the activities inside a microprocessor through its control unit. It also processes transactions.In this city, there is available land for buildings. We can compare this available land

to the expansion slots on the computer. These are spaces where you can insert expansion boards, which can be thought of as the buildings in the city which are intended for different purposes. In the city, for example, the hospital takes care of people’s health, while the mall is a place where people shop and schools are where children learn new things. Similarly, expansion boards can be used for different purposes—graphics, sound, games, etc. The data are the people that go in and out of the buildings where they do business. Data also travels to the different internal components of the computer. The more the buildings, the more things people can do. Likewise, more expansion cards mean more processing capabilities.There is a waiting area where people wait for their names to be called before they can enter the city hall. In your computer, this is the RAM, which is a temporary data storage area

memory slot expansion slot

CPU slot

18

Lesson Goals

Describe the motherboard

Explain how a motherboard works

Explain the form factor of a motherboard

Lesson Outline

What Is A Motherboard?

How Does A Motherboard Work?

The Form Factor

finally touch down in Tbilisi. I take out my camera and start taking pictures as we get off the plane. Georgia is a beautiful country! Tbilisi, its capital, is located along the Kura River. Georgia became independent of Soviet Russia in 1991. It had a long history of occupation by Persians, Arabs, Seljuks, and Russians.

Upon arriving at the hotel, I call up my friend Nina. We will meet this afternoon. She needs to buy a new computer and she wants my advice. I try to tell her that I don’t really know all that much, but she insists. I agree to go help her shop for a computer, but Gramps and I decide to sleep first.

Nina has light brown hair and big blue eyes that sparkle when she smiles. As I run to her, she asks me about my trip. Moments later, we walk into a computer shop.

The person behind the counter is a teenage boy with blond hair and hazel eyes. He smiles warmly. We ask him to help us find a computer. He recommends a personal computer and gives us a list of computer parts needed for the computer to be assembled.

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc The Motherboard

The MotherboardLESSON

3

17

Find Out the Rules to Prevent Misuse of ComputersBecause of the huge impact of computing technologies on society, rules to prevent the abuse and misuse of computers are

established. Be familiar with all these as you go through the lessons on Computer Ethics and Internet Ethics.

Solve Problems and Make DecisionsStudents learn to appreciate that computer programming is all about solving problems and making decisions as they learn about

flowcharting, pseudocodes and decision statements.

15


See How IT Innovates SocietyHow did computers come to be? What continuing advances in technology are we

seeing today? Rediscover the past with a look back at the first generation of computers up to the present and get acquainted witih the latest innovations with the courseware’s lesson on evolving technology.

Create a WebsiteTake advantage of many Internet features and learn to create a website with the

courseware’s exciting topics on learning HTML.

Learning GoalsThis courseware is about Information Technology.You will…1. evaluate online resources and use them safely and

responsibly;2. evaluate whether resources and information are

accurate and useful;3. select and use different technology tools;4. learn programming using Java;5. learn networking concepts;6. use the Internet in a responsible, safe and productive

manner; and,7. show proper Netiquette.

Through this courseware, you should be able to…1. identify and solve routine hardware and software

problems that occur during everyday use;2. demonstrate ethical use of computers;3. select and use proper tools and technology resources

to accomplish different tasks and solve problems; and,

4. explain basic concepts of hardware, software, and connectivity.

Thematic Environment: FutureIn this courseware, Mei, Ananda, Kip, and Bryce, who call themselves the Tekkies, live in a world where technological revolution is in full swing. Lots of exciting adventures await them as they enjoy the wonderful high-tech world around them.

16

Be Acquainted with Online Productivity and Social Networking ToolsThis courseware will equip readers with knowledge in the use of online office productivity tools offered on the Web. It also

introduces them to the basics of enterprise social networking, giving an overview of enterprise sites and the enterprise tools available on the Web.

Develop Programming SkillsTekkids 6 takes the step-by-step approach to learning introductory Java programming skills. With real-world examples, this

courseware presents students with difficult programming concepts in a straightforward and exciting way.

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc Technology Trends

Motion Capture in Filmmaking

Motion capture refers to the process

of recording movement and translating that

movement into a digital model. It is used

in a variety of applications such as video

and TV, sports, computer gaming, military,

and even medical applications. Motion

capture in filmmaking is done by recording

the actions of human actors and using these

actions to animate digital character models

in 3D animation.

Traditional motion capture techniques

use cameras inside studios to record the

actors' movements. But the latest in motion

capture technology now makes use of

body-mounted cameras that capture motions

outdoors, like running outside or swinging

on ropes in trees. Lightweight cameras are

mounted on the subject's limbs and trunks to

analyze movements.

Mobile Devices

Mobile computing is definitely one technology trend we cannot deny, with the

latest computers now becoming smaller and lighter. Mobile devices are pocket-

sized or handheld computers and the most popular of these are the smartphone and

tablet.

Smartphone

A smartphone is a mobile phone mainly used for calling and receiving

calls, but with advanced multimedia and computing capabilities that allow it to

function like a miniature computer. Smartphones have Internet connectivity and

use an independent operating system to install and run applications such as e-mail,

e-book reader, camera, video, MP3 player, television, organizer, file editor, and

more.

http://www.oit.on.ca/FrPhotoLibrary/FrQueen

%27sTroje/slides/MotionCaptureLab.jpg

13

During his free time, Kip helps keep The Hiraya Shop. This is where the family sells the gadgetry that his father invents. Someday, Kip hopes to be an inventor too.

Today, Kip does the inventory. He uses an Inventorio to keep track of the sales. He holds the Inventorio over an item—the Recorder of Dreams. The Inventorio scans the code embedded on the gadget’s surface. The information from the code matches the product with an entry in the store’s database—Recorder of Dreams: Sold 1, Left 1. He remembers his old neighbor, Mang Don, buying one.

When an item is not in its proper place, the monitor displays in red blinking letters. Kip looks up at the digital board over his head. The aisle address is B247: Serious Business Items. This is where Price Determiners, Automated Cashiers, Inventories, and the like, are found.

Lesson Goals

Identify some technology trends

Explain how these technology trends are changing people’s lives

Lesson Outline

Touch Screen

Gestural Interfaces

3D

Motion Capture in Filmmaking

Mobile Devices

Philippine Copyright 2012 techFactorsInc Technology Trends

Technology Trends

LESSON

2

9


Technology Trends

TabletThe tablet is like a large smartphone but smaller than a laptop. Although not primarily used as a phone, it is capable of the same smartphone functions and has even more features to resemble a laptop. However, instead of a briefcase design, it comes in the form of

virtual keyboard. All tablets are wi-fi. Because of its larger screen, it is easier to use for surfing the Web and playing multimedia files and games. In particular, its size makes it very handy as an e-book reader. The Apple iPad and Samsung Galaxy are some of the more popular tablets in the market.

Word Bank

touch screengestural interfaces3D technology3D films

3D TV

3D virtual worldsmotion capturesmartphone

tablet

Summary

Technology trends continue to evolve and revolutionize our world as we are perpetually introduced to groundbreaking innovations. Some of the major technology trends today are touch screen, 3D films, 3D TV, virtual learning worlds, motion capture in filmmaking, smartphones, and tablets. Wonderful as today’s technologies already are, we can expect more surprising advancements in the years to come.

com/5049/5229746616_c94dc4fce8_z_d.jpg

14

17

A Word On tekHIGH

We live in a technological age.

Nowadays, we can move machines with the touch of a button. We can communicate with people halfway across the world in real time. New advances occur everyday with the help of technology.

For adolescents today, technology is already part of daily living. They use mobile phones, netbooks, tablets, iPods, and other electronic gadgets and devices that assist and expand their awareness of the world. However, there is still much more to learn about the full potential and limitations of the technology available to them.

In an increasingly computer-dependent world, it is important to be aware of the changes in computer technology, and to be knowledgeable in the various ways that computers can help us in everyday life. This courseware series is not just meant to be an instructional manual discussing individual topics, but it serves as a means of exploring the different ways technology affects us.

As people, we get so caught up in our lives and our daily routines we forget that what we do can affect a lot of people—even those we do not know and probably will never meet. This is called the butterfly effect. It has been said that it is possible for a butterfly to flap its wings at one end of the world and create a hurricane at the opposite end. Similarly, the little things that we do may affect other people in ways that we can never expect.

The tekHigh series is designed specifically with the Filipino student in mind. It is not meant to be just a textbook on computers, but a way for the student to explore the continually improving and expanding world of computers and learn enough to affect the world as well.

Dr. Jaime D.L. Caro

18

The tekHIGH Series

The techFactors program does not end with the grade school courseware. As the students have mastered the basic ICT skills in grade school, they will be learning more interesting ICT topics once they reach high school.

The tekHIGH program offers courses on specific topics ranging from the basics of Information and Communications Technology and office suite productivity, to the fundamentals of Web page design and programming—in all of which the student will gain working knowledge. These are all presented at a level accessible to high school students.

These specially designed courses lead to the most practical applications of ICT skills. By the end of the program, the student is expected to be able to handle real-life tasks such as word processing, using spreadsheets, desktop publishing, web page and website creation, Internet research, and even computer programming.

19

From Basic Functional ICT Literacy to Specialized Topics

From the general topics that were taught through the Tekkids series, tekHIGH boosts the child’s ICT learning to higher levels with volumes on proficiency-building ICT courses.

Fundamental Concepts and ProductivityICT and SocietyICT and Society 2: Social NetworkingOffice Productivity

Multimedia and Browser TechnologiesDesktop PublishingWeb DesignAnimation in a FlashVideo Production and Digital PhotographyComputer Networking Basics

Data Organization and Project ManagementDatabase ConceptsIT Project Management

Course Outline

Each lesson contains a Course Outline that introduces the subject matter to the student and progressively expounds on the topics. Each topic is presented in simpler terms, associating ICT concepts with real-life situations. The progression in each courseware helps the student develop a mastery of the functional skills that apply the topic’s concepts.

Interactive CDs for Students and Teachers

Each volume is complemented by an interactive activities for the student. It is a complete kit for the student inside the computer lab.

For the teacher, our partner in educating young minds, the tekHIGH series also provides Teacher CDs containing lesson plans for the classroom and the laboratory, diagnostic exams, and answer keys, making it a complete supplement for their teaching.

Programming LogicProgramming FundamentalsJava Programming by ExampleVB.Net Programming FundamentalsC++ Programming FundamentalsProblem Solving with Robotics

Business and EntrepreneurshipAccounting for Basic BookkeepingE-commerce: Doing Business Online

1. Marketing Is Social

2. In P.R.A.I.S.E. of Marketing

3. The Tools of Online

Marketing Research

LESSON OUTLINE

20

The tekHIGH Series

Structured Presentation

The tekHIGH series offers structured lessons with key features that keep the student informed and interested throughout the lesson. The following features are:

Literary ExcerptsEach lesson starts with interesting and colorful excerpts from literary classics. An excerpt serves as an introduction to the subject

matter as it relates to the topic through metaphor or theme.

Learning GoalsEach lesson has its own set of learning goals. This states the expected learning accomplishment for the

student to be achieved by the end of the lesson.

OutlineThe topics covered by the lesson are stated at the beginning.

This section sketches the lesson flow and aids the continuity of the discussion.

Self-CheckEvaluative exercises test what the students have learned from the coursewares. This could serve as assignments, reviews, or even quizzes for the students.

Skills Warm-UpSimple exercises aim to “warm up” the student before taking on more challenging exercises such as the Skills Workout.

Skills WorkoutThis gives a lead to more challenging exercises found in the interactive CDs.

Group WorkThis gives a task that students can work on collabortively in small groups.

Connect and NoteSupplementary information and trivia are

also mentioned during the lesson that add to the concepts taught in the lesson proper.

Word BankThis is a glossary found at the end of each lesson for quick reference of the important IT terms.

ScreenshotsVisual aids are always helpful when explaining processes and procedures. The tekHIGH coursewares contain full-color screenshots that accompany each described step.

GROUP WORK

SummaryAll the important points in each lesson are recapped in a short summary.

His eyes fell on the still, upright, and rigid form of the “Indian runner,” who had borne to the camp the unwelcome tidings of the preceding evening. Although in a state of perfect repose, and apparently disregarding, with characteristic stoicism, the excitement and bustle around him, there was a sullen fierceness mingled with the quiet of the savage, that was likely to arrest the attention of much more experienced eyes than those which now scanned him, in unconcealed amazement.

altogether that of a warrior. On the contrary, there was an air of neglect about his person, like that which might have proceeded from great and recent exertion, which he had not yet found leisure

and rendered his swarthy lineaments still more savage and repulsive than if art had attempted an e�ect which had been thus produced by chance. His eye, alone, which glistened like a fiery star amid lowering clouds, was to be seen in its state of native wildness.

by James Fenimore Cooper

LESSON SIX

Philippine Copyright 2010

3

Using the Keyboard

Using the computer keyboard is di�erent from using a

typewriter, though they look similar. For one, it is less tiresome

to use the computer keyboard compared to a typewriter since

you do not have to punch its keys as hard as you do with

typewriters, and they can do more than just produce letters and

numbers on paper. Parts of the Keyboard

Take a look at your keyboard. What are the things that you

notice at first glance? See how the keys are laid out? Why do you

think the keys are grouped in such manner?

Function keys

Main keypad

Cursor keys

Numeric keypad

First, we are going to learn about the parts of the keyboard

illustration, are grouped into several sections: the main keypad,

the numeric keypad, the cursor keys, the modifier keys, and the

function keys.

main keypad. It has the

most keys which are arranged like most typewriter keys using

the QWERTY pattern. QWERTY pertains to the first six letters

in the row just below the numbers. Some countries in Europe

use the AZERTY or QWERTZ pattern. Aside from letters and

Office Productivity

At the end of this

lesson, the student will

be able to:Use the productivity

1. tools discussed.

Select the appropriate

2. productivity tool for a

given task.Identify a nd utilize

3. the di�erent elements

of the graphical user

interface of Microsoft

O�ce.Use proper keyboarding

4. techniques when using

the computer.

Using the Keyboard

1.

O�ce Productivity

2. Tools

3. GUICommon Skills

4.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

LESSON OUTLINE

21

ICT and SocietyThis courseware is the primer to the tekHIGH series. It discusses at length the different concepts

regarding information technology, its integral components, its functions and applications.

Information and Communications Technology

The need for human beings to communicate more effectively and easily has enabled the evolution of information technology which involves devices and means to send, assimilate, process, and store information.

Even now, information technologies continue to change with the growing needs of human beings. They also adapt to ever-changing lifestyles. Because of this, information technology is now referred to as information and communications technology or ICT.

Learning Goals

At the end of the course, the student will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of concepts underlying hardware, software, algorithms, and their practical applications.

2. Understand the graph as a tool representing problem states and solutions to complex problems.

3. Exhibit legal and ethical behaviors when using information and technology, and discuss the consequences of misuse.

table and pressing his hands together above the apparatus, “is only a model. It is

my plan for a machine to travel through time.”

—from

, HG Wells

LESSON ONE

22

ICT and Society

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• Hardware Concepts

• Software Concepts

• Computer Algorithms

• Applying ICT Today

• Using Graphs

• Problem Solving with Graphs

• IPR Issues in ICT

• Ethical Behavior in ICT

• Software and Hardware Issues in ICT

• Accessibility in ICT

Interactive CD

The CD contains laboratory exercises that would test the student’s grasp of the different concepts in the courseware, largely on how to use graphs for different purposes such as representing data and problem solving. The exercises also delve into software and hardware concepts, and encourage the student to think of how ethics play an important part in information technology.

table and pressing his hands together above the apparatus, “is only a model. It is

my plan for a machine to travel through time.”

—from

, HG Wells

LESSON ONE

Henry Ford gave the

world the Model T car.

Hardware Concepts

LESSON OBJECTIVESAt the end of this lesson, the

student will be able to:1. Understand the role of

hardware in computing.2. Know how hardware

should be designed.3. Identify the basic

computer hardware

components.

LESSON OUTLINE1. What is Hardware?2. Evolution of Computer

Hardware3. Functions of Computer

Hardware4. Proper Hardware Design5. Mobile Computing

Hardware

library computer. It has collected all human knowledge

traditional library of hardbound books depicted in MGM’s

1960 screen adaptation. In less than 50 years, computers have

way we imagine stories in movies.

In this lesson, you will become familiar with computer

hardware, its components, and the functions of each.

What is Hardware?

When Henry Ford introduced the mass production

of automobiles in 1908, he gave

America the Model T, the world’s

hit. Similar to the time

machine in HG Wells’s

story, it reinvented the

way people traveled and

transported their goods.

And just like the Time Traveller,

Ford succeeded because he was a

persistent man. Before the Model

T saw the light of dawn, Ford had tirelessly assembled and

end, he understood the workings of the automobile because he

familiarized himself with its parts.

has transformed virtually every aspect of modern society and

took it from the past into the future, like a time machine. Its

individual parts are called “hardware.” Technically, computer

hardware refers to the physical and mechanical components of

a computer system. It consists of devices such as circuit boards,

chips, monitors, disks, disk drives, modems, keyboards, and

printers.

3


23

Office ProductivityThe computer is very much utilized in the home, office, and school for so many different purposes—

writing, managing data, presentations, research, and communication. This courseware discusses these functions and teaches a working knowledge of the use of the computer for these purposes.

Learning Goals


1. Apply the integrated functions and capabilities of the Microsoft Office suite for presenting documents effectively.

2. Use the advanced features of office productivity software for data processing, data visualization, presentation, electronic communication, and research.

3. Utilize computer resources and tools in a responsible and productive manner.

The Microsoft Office Suite

As one of the application suites most commonly found in computers today, MS Office provides a wide selection of applications for specific purposes. The courseware discusses four productivity areas—word processing, spreadsheet management, creating visual presentations, and Internet research and communication. To tackle these, the courseware delves into Office, Excel, PowerPoint, and Internet Explorer, respectively.

…He said perhaps I might wonder to see him employed in a Project for improving speculative

Knowledge by practical and mechanical Operations... He then led me to the Frame, about the Sides

Superficies was composed of several bits of Wood, about the bigness of a Dye, but some larger than others.

pasted on them, and on these Papers were written all the Words of their Language, in their several Moods,

there were forty fixed round the Edges of the Frame, and giving them a sudden turn, the whole Disposition

of the Words was entirely changed. He then commanded six and thirty of the Lads to read the several Lines

softly as they appeared upon the Frame; and where they found three or four Words together that might make

or four Times, and at every turn the Engine was so contrived that the Words shifted into new Places, as the

Square bits of Wood moved upside down.– Gulliver’s Travels, by Jonathan Swift

LESSON ONE


3

Using the Keyboard






numbers on paper.

Parts of the Keyboard




Function keys

Main keypadCursor keys

Numeric keypad




function keys. main keypad. It has the





Office ProductivityAt the end of this


be able to:

Use the productivity

1. tools discussed.



given task.

Identify a nd utilize




O�ce.

Use proper keyboarding


the computer.

Using the Keyboard

1. O�ce Productivity

2. Tools

3. GUI

Common Skills

4.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

LESSON OUTLINE

24

Office Productivity

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• Office Productivity

• Word Processing

• Learning Word: Formatting a Term Paper

• Learning Excel: The Spreadsheet

• Equations and Formulas in Excel

• PowerPoint Basics

• Advanced MS PowerPoint

• The Internet

• Collaborating Online

• Security and Privacy Issues

Functional and Working Knowledge

The courseware offers a procedural approach to the use of the said applications. It features a step-by-step approach to the different functions of these software. In addition, these are all taught in context—such as how the student will be able to use these skills to create their own term papers, organize data using spreadsheets, create visual and dynamic presentations, research using the Internet, and communicate using e-mail.

…He said perhaps I might wonder to see him employed in a Project for improving speculative

Knowledge by practical and mechanical Operations... He then led me to the Frame, about the Sides

Superficies was composed of several bits of Wood, about the bigness of a Dye, but some larger than others.

pasted on them, and on these Papers were written all the Words of their Language, in their several Moods,

there were forty fixed round the Edges of the Frame, and giving them a sudden turn, the whole Disposition

of the Words was entirely changed. He then commanded six and thirty of the Lads to read the several Lines

softly as they appeared upon the Frame; and where they found three or four Words together that might make

or four Times, and at every turn the Engine was so contrived that the Words shifted into new Places, as the

Square bits of Wood moved upside down.– Gulliver’s Travels, by Jonathan Swift

LESSON ONE


3

Using the Keyboard






numbers on paper.

Parts of the Keyboard




Function keys

Main keypadCursor keys

Numeric keypad




function keys. main keypad. It has the





Office ProductivityAt the end of this


be able to:

Use the productivity

1. tools discussed.



given task.

Identify a nd utilize




O�ce.

Use proper keyboarding


the computer.

Using the Keyboard

1. O�ce Productivity

2. Tools

3. GUI

Common Skills

4.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

LESSON OUTLINE

Interactive CD

The CD contains exercises that will test the student’s grasp of the skills learned in each lesson. The students get to format Word documents (including a real term paper), create their own spreadsheets, and make dynamic PowerPoint presentations. It also contains interesting activities for Internet research.

25

Desktop Publishing This courseware serves as an introduction to desktop publishing. Join the student in learning the

basic concepts behind the use of computers for making creative publications.

Learning Goals


1. Learn the fundamentals of layout and graphic design.

2. Understand and practice the basics of desktop publishing.

3. Navigate and be familiar with the different desktop publishing software.

4. Apply the skills and techniques during the course in order to come up with simple publications.

5. Be aware of publishing ethics and guidelines.

Maximizing Microsoft Word and Publisher

The courseware teaches the student to be creative and to maximize the use of widely available software such as Microsoft Word and Microsoft Publisher. By incorporating the concepts and theories of design and visual communication, the courseware challenges the student to create publications using just these tools. The courseware also teaches effective pointers in graphics manipulation.

Publishing on Your Own

This course aims to introduce the student to the basics of desktop publication, such as designing, developing, producing, and presenting documents. It also includes instructions on planning, page layout, and the use of templates in the creation of flyers, newsletters, and brochures.

Methods of distribution, both electronic and written formats, are also integrated in the lesson.

Internet concepts and network productivity are necessary skills that the student needs in order to proceed with this course.

Gardening, walks, rows on the river, and flower hunts employed the fine days, and for rainy ones, they

had house diversions, some old, some new, all more or less original. One of these was the ‘P.C.,’ for as secret

societies were the fashion, it was thought proper to have one, and as all of the girls admired Dickens, they

called themselves the Pickwick Club. With a few interruptions, they had kept this up for a year, and met

were arranged in a row before a table on which was a lamp, also four white badges, with a big ‘P.C.’ in

something, while Jo, who reveled in pens and ink, was the editor. At seven o’clock, the four members

ascended to the clubroom, tied their badges round their heads, and took their seats with great solemnity.

Meg, as the eldest, was Samuel Pickwick; Jo, being of a literary turn, Augustus Snodgrass; Beth, because

she was round and rosy, Tracy Tupman; and Amy, who was always trying to do what she couldn’t, was

Nathaniel Winkle. Pickwick, the president, read the paper, which was filled with original tales, poetry,

local news, funny advertisements, and hints, in which they good-naturedly reminded each other of their

faults and shortcomings.—from Little Women, by Louisa May Alcott

LESSON ONE

26

Desktop Publishing Course Outline

• Overview of Desktop Publishing

• Review of Basic Operations in Word Processing

• Manipulating Images

• Designing Using Microsoft Word

• Creating Reports

• Creating a Greeting Card

• Creating an Advertisement

• Creating a Brochure

• Creating Newsletters

• Publishing Ethics

The tekHIGH Series

Interactive CD

The CD opens the student to different output-oriented exercises that would lead them to creating their own reports, greeting cards, newsletters, and advertisements. The exercises challenge the student to be creative while practicing skills in using the indicated software.

Gardening, walks, rows on the river, and flower hunts employed the fine days, and for rainy ones, they

had house diversions, some old, some new, all more or less original. One of these was the ‘P.C.,’ for as secret

societies were the fashion, it was thought proper to have one, and as all of the girls admired Dickens, they

called themselves the Pickwick Club. With a few interruptions, they had kept this up for a year, and met

were arranged in a row before a table on which was a lamp, also four white badges, with a big ‘P.C.’ in

something, while Jo, who reveled in pens and ink, was the editor. At seven o’clock, the four members

ascended to the clubroom, tied their badges round their heads, and took their seats with great solemnity.

Meg, as the eldest, was Samuel Pickwick; Jo, being of a literary turn, Augustus Snodgrass; Beth, because

she was round and rosy, Tracy Tupman; and Amy, who was always trying to do what she couldn’t, was

Nathaniel Winkle. Pickwick, the president, read the paper, which was filled with original tales, poetry,

local news, funny advertisements, and hints, in which they good-naturedly reminded each other of their

faults and shortcomings.—from Little Women, by Louisa May Alcott

LESSON ONE


3

Overview of Desktop Publishing

At the end of this


be able to:

1. Define desktop

publishing.

2. Explore the boundaries

of desktop publishing.

3. Provide examples of

desktop publications.

4. Discover the existing

tools for information

presentation and

dissemination.

1. Defining Desktop

Publishing

2. Basic Phases in

Desktop Publishing

LESSON OBJECTIVES

LESSON OUTLINE

In the late 1800s, Louisa May Alcott wrote the book Little

Women. In the story, Jo and her sisters made their own little

have right now. Each article and every small note are carefully

written out by hand and illustrated, perhaps by Amy, the artist

messy and misaligned.

In the 19th century it was di�cult to get information from

the outside world. News traveled slowly and new discoveries

and innovations took a long time to get from the city to the

country. A lot has happened since then. Now, more than

a century later, technologies for getting and distributing

information have changed a lot.

information. Along with the computer, it has become a valuable

tool in searching for and retrieving knowledge. Aside from

being able to access all sorts of data, it is also easier for us now

to organize and file downloaded information.

Internet is a quick and reliable tool for tracking

down information that is otherwise inaccessible or di�cult to

obtain. But aside from downloading information, we can also

available for people who want to publish using the computer.

material like newsletters, posters, and cards.

Because there is no single authority that manages the

exchange of information over the Internet, there is no

set of rules that control what we can and cannot publish

electronically. Unlike with print material, there are no laws and

guidelines that address online publishing problems and issues.

And because most of the information online are essentially free,

all we need is a computer and an Internet connection. With

the Internet, it’s very easy to obtain pictures and texts that may

not be suitable for all ages, or materials that can be claimed by

anyone as their own in violation of intellectual property laws.

27

Web Design In this course, the students will be taught to create their own Web pages using a text editor such

as Notepad. Text editors will be used instead of WYSIWYG editors to ensure that the students learn the basic structure and syntax of HTML. Matters of accessibility will be incorporated into each lesson.

Learning Goals


1. Create a well-formed website according to W3C standards.

2. Appreciate the use of HTML tags and CSS properties.

3. Evaluate other websites.

Authoring Websites

This module aims to provide students with an understanding of basic XHTML encoding in preparation for future website building activities. We start with making a simple Web page. After that, proper execution of HTML tags and CSS properties are tackled, all in step-by-step procedures with accompanying screenshots. Lastly, as XHTML structure and syntax are mastered and good design is taken into mind, dynamic website features are presented, certain intellectual property rights issues are raised, and online forms are created.

and again more kittens came suddenly tumbling on to the floor and racing about the room in

every direction, and with such indescribable rapidity that it seemed as if the whole room was full

dress, rolled about her feet, sprang up on to Clara’s couch, scratching, scrambling, and mewing: it

was a sad scene of confusion. Clara, meanwhile, pleased with their gambols, kept on exclaiming,

“Oh, the dear little things! How pretty they are! Look, Heidi, at this one; look, look, at that one

over there!” And Heidi in her delight kept running after them first into one corner and then into

then his left to get it away from the scrambling, scratching kittens. Fraulein Rottenmeier was

unable at first to speak at all, so overcome was she with horror, and she did not dare rise from her

chair for fear that all the dreadful little animals should jump upon her at once. At last she found

voice to call loudly, “Tinette! Tinette! Sebastian! Sebastian!”

—Heidi, by Johanna Spyri

LESSON TWO

28

Web Design

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• Untangling the Web

• Playing with Tags

• Planning Your Website

• Fashioning Text Styles and Colors

• Opening the Box Model

• Executing Forms

• Working on Multimedia

• Minding Your Table Manners

• Web Interactive

• Going Beyond Tags

Interactive CD

The CD is a cumulative Web page project. The students will be creating their own Web pages. At the end of each lesson, the students will be adding more creative elements to their Web pages. A concrete developmental output is achieved.

and again more kittens came suddenly tumbling on to the floor and racing about the room in

every direction, and with such indescribable rapidity that it seemed as if the whole room was full

dress, rolled about her feet, sprang up on to Clara’s couch, scratching, scrambling, and mewing: it

was a sad scene of confusion. Clara, meanwhile, pleased with their gambols, kept on exclaiming,

“Oh, the dear little things! How pretty they are! Look, Heidi, at this one; look, look, at that one

over there!” And Heidi in her delight kept running after them first into one corner and then into

then his left to get it away from the scrambling, scratching kittens. Fraulein Rottenmeier was

unable at first to speak at all, so overcome was she with horror, and she did not dare rise from her

chair for fear that all the dreadful little animals should jump upon her at once. At last she found

voice to call loudly, “Tinette! Tinette! Sebastian! Sebastian!”

—Heidi, by Johanna Spyri

LESSON TWO


15

<html>

<head>

<title>Go We

b!</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Go Web!<

/h1>

<h2>Go Web!<

/h2>

<h3>Go Web!<

/h3>

<h4>Go Web!<

/h4>

<h5>Go Web!<

/h5>

<h6>Go Web!<

/h6>

</body>

</html>

Much like the kittens in Clara’s room, making a webpage

can be confusing because there are so many elements to

consider! However, you can organize these elements. “Speaking”

the HyperText Markup Language is one way of communicating

the what, where, when, and how of presenting the webpage to

the browser.

Format Tags

When you make webpages, you’ll need to use headings

to catch the attention of the web users browsing your site.

Headings are formatted big and bold because they need to

stand out from the rest of the page’s contents and to help the

users figure out the di�erent topics covered by your site. Even

if the site you wish to develop is a personal or a hobby site,

there should still be divisions for the di�erent areas of your

personality or hobby.

At the end of this


be able to:

Use tags to format text

1. size and positions in

the webpage.

Know some other tags

2. which can be used to

format text appearance.

Create di�erent kinds

3. of lists, including

nested lists.

Create a preformatted

4. text and horizontal rule

for the webpage.

Construct e�cient

5. hyperlinks.

Anchor links to 6.

webpages.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

Format Tags1.

More Text Tags 2.

Tags for Lists3.

Preformatted Text and

4. Horizontal Rule

HTML Links5.

LESSON OUTLINE

Playing with Tags

29

Programming Fundamentals This courseware introduces the student to the realm of computer programming. As in anything

else, learning the fundamentals is essential before moving on. The student will learn solid fundamentals with this courseware.

Learning Goals


1. Gain an appreciation of how programming languages have developed and evolved over time.

2. Understand the different models or paradigms of computing.

3. Understand fundamental programming concepts that are applicable to most conventional programming languages.

4. Develop readiness for learning a particular language.

Importance of Fundamentals

This module aims to provide students with an understanding of the fundamental programming concepts that they need in preparation for future programming activities. We start with a brief overview of the evolution of programming languages and computing paradigms. Without unnecessarily rushing the student into immediately learning a particular programming language, we introduce the student to important programming concepts that are applicable to most conventional languages.

No; she was not made for mean and shabby surroundings, for the squalid

compromises of poverty. Her whole being dilated in an atmosphere of luxury; it

was the background she required, the only climate she could breathe in. But the

luxury of others was not what she wanted. A few years ago it had su�ced her: she

had taken her daily meed of pleasure without caring who provided it. Now she was

beginning to chafe at the obligations it imposed, to feel herself a mere pensioner on

when she was conscious of having to pay her way.

– from , Edith Wharton

LESSON TWO

30

Programming Fundamentals

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• The Evolution of Programming Languages

• Overview of Programming Paradigms

• The Software Life Cycle

• Data Types and Data Structures

• Operations and Expressions

• Using Pseudocodes and Statement-Level Control Structures

• Program Flow Control

• Handling Conditions

• Handling Repetitions

• The Computing Profession

No; she was not made for mean and shabby surroundings, for the squalid

compromises of poverty. Her whole being dilated in an atmosphere of luxury; it

was the background she required, the only climate she could breathe in. But the

luxury of others was not what she wanted. A few years ago it had su�ced her: she

had taken her daily meed of pleasure without caring who provided it. Now she was

beginning to chafe at the obligations it imposed, to feel herself a mere pensioner on

when she was conscious of having to pay her way.

– from , Edith Wharton

LESSON TWO


13

Pith HelmetTop HatFedora

Overview of Programming Paradigms

During the Victorian age in England, society

placed a great deal of importance on one’s class standing.

You had to belong to a certain economic bracket or

maintain a certain social standing in order to be accepted

into the mainstream. Status was important, as well as the

society were enforced by tradition, and could be seen in

the way people dressed, acted, and spoke.

Language is a good indicator of a person’s

is largely influenced by the environment we grew up in.

But it’s not only people that use language – computers use

a kind of language as well. Programming languages have

also been heavily influenced by the prevailing computing

philosophies during the time of their development.

A programming language provides us with the

means for specifying computations and telling computers

what to do. However, not all programming languages

are di�erent ways of thinking about

computation. Depending

on the nature of the

problem and what

needs to be done, one

style may be much

more e�ective than

the other. We will

go through a brief

overview of these

programming

paradigms.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, the

student will be able to:

1. Identify the di�erent

programming language

paradigms or models.

2. Di�erentiate and

understand the properties

of these programming

language paradigms.

LESSON OUTLINE

1. Imperative Programming

2. Functional Programming

3. Logic Programming

4. Object-Oriented

Programming

5. Concurrent and

Distributed Programming

Interactive CD

The CD contains different programming languages that the students need to evaluate based on their code content and performance. A number of exercises even let the students create original code with an original output!

31

Database Concepts This courseware introduces the student to the world of databases and its most important topics,

enjoining and guiding the students in this journey through practical applications.

Learning Goals


1. Appreciate the practical use of databases in daily life.

2. Organize data in a meaningful way using database concepts.

3. Create a simple working database using MS Access.

Using Microsoft Access

As a primer to database applications, the courseware presents the concepts behind databases. To present this, the volume uses Microsoft Access—a GUI-driven database application included in the Microsoft Office suite. While being user-friendly, MS Access allows the user to practice database concepts with ease. A procedural approach is applied in the discussion of MS Access, ensuring functional knowledge and a solid grasp of database basics.

Working with Databases

Databases are a great help in putting together the pieces of data that we hold. You will be able to organize your data so that you can easily extract information. This material will teach you to work with databases. You will be able to create your own database, manipulate your database and produce quality forms and reports from your database.

No one would have believed in the last years of the nineteenth century that this world

was being watched keenly and closely by intelligences greater than man’s and yet as mortal as his

own; that as men busied themselves about their various concerns they were scrutinised and studied,

perhaps almost as narrowly as a man with a microscope might scrutinise the transient creatures that

swarm and multiply in a drop of water. With infinite complacency men went to and fro over this

globe about their little a�airs, serene in their assurance of their empire over matter.

– War of the Worlds, by H.G. Wells

2Lesson

32

Database Concepts

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• Introduction to Databases

• Database Fundamentals

• Relational Data Model

• Data Integrity

• Data Model

• Organizing Data Properly

• Queries

• More Queries

• Forms

• Reports

No one would have believed in the last years of the nineteenth century that this world

was being watched keenly and closely by intelligences greater than man’s and yet as mortal as his

own; that as men busied themselves about their various concerns they were scrutinised and studied,

perhaps almost as narrowly as a man with a microscope might scrutinise the transient creatures that

swarm and multiply in a drop of water. With infinite complacency men went to and fro over this

globe about their little a�airs, serene in their assurance of their empire over matter.

– War of the Worlds, by H.G. Wells

2Lesson

11


Database Fundamentals

In Science class, we are taught di�erent kinds of systems. A system is a set of

interconnected parts consisting a unified whole. We study a system in order to understand

how things work. In War of the Worlds, the Martians observed our system on Earth, studying

how human beings functioned and were interconnected with each other, for purposes of their

own making.

We know about our body’s systems: the digestive system, respiratory system, nervous

All these examples have something in common. Each of them is composed of several

parts. Parts of the digestive system include the mouth, stomach, and intestines. An ecological

the hardware, software, etc.

OBJECTIVESLESSON OUTLINE

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

At the end of this lesson, the student will

be able to:

List the different database functions.

Discuss the structure of a database

management system.

Explain the components of a data-

base environment.

Create a database using Microsoft

Access.

Create a table in Microsoft Access

using the datasheet view.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Database System

Database Management System

DBMS Function and Structure

Opening a Database

Creating a Table and Encoding Data

Editing Data

Interactive CD

The Student CD contains a set of progressive exercises that guide them into creating a database of their favorite songs, their artists, and albums. A fun and creative way to practice MS Access!

33

Java Programming by ExampleWith a background on programming fundamentals, the series now introduces a courseware on an

actual application of the concepts through a programming language—Java.

Learning Goals


1. Define common terms in object-oriented programming such as classes and objects.

2. Explain the basic concepts in object-oriented programming.

3. Apply the different language elements and constructs of Java to solve simple or common programming problems.

4. Compile, debug, and execute Java Programs.5. Appreciate Java as an object-oriented

programming language.

Java Programming

Java has been a popular object-oriented programming language praised for both its simplicity and functionality. It integrates programming concepts such as data types, operators, and loop structures. Because of this overall functionality, Java is now a preferred language particularly in mobile technology. By learning Java, the student actually not only applies what he or she has learned in programming fundamentals, but he or she would also be learning a programming tool widely used in the field.

…By Example

With this courseware, you will find object-oriented programming using Java enjoyable. It discusses basic concepts in object-oriented programming. You will learn Java through examination of examples. Each of the sample programs is explained thoroughly to provide insights and details for future use. This approach encourages the student to experiment with the language and programming in general.

34

Java Programming by Example

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• Introduction to Java

• Your First Java Program

• Java Keywords, Identifiers, Data Types, and Casting

• Java Operators

• Decisions

• Loops

• Exceptions

• Classes

• Arrays

• Building Java Programs with GUIs

LESSON TWO

It was the lock of the door which had been closed ten years and she put her

in and turned it. It took two hands to do it, but it did turn.

And then she took a long breath and looked behind her up the long walk

to see if any one was coming. No one was coming. No one ever did come, it seemed,

and she took another long breath, because she could not help it, and she held back

the swinging curtain of ivy and pushed back the door which opened slowly—slowly.

back against it, looking about her and breathing quite fast with excitement, and

wonder, and delight.

She was standing inside the secret garden.

– from

, Frances Hodgson Burnett

LESSON OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, the

student will be able to:

1. Use BlueJ IDE.

2. Explain the given sample

program.

LESSON OUTLINE

1. Programming Java with

BlueJ

2. Creating Java Programs

with BlueJ

3. Compiling Your Program

Using BlueJ

4. Executing Your Program

Using BlueJ

5. What Can Go Wrong

and Some Common

Programming Errors

6. Analyzing Welcome.java

7. Analyzing Main.java

Your First Java™ Program

secret garden. Mary, the little girl in Frances Hodgson Burnett’s

novel, wasn’t quite sure if the key belonged to the correct keyhole.

Much like Java, once you’ve found the key two understanding the

program’s concepts, you’ll be able to enter into its world.

Programming Java with BlueJ

While you can use Notepad to write your Java code, it is

easier and more fun to program using an Integrated Development

Environment (IDE). In the previous lesson, we named three

popular Java IDEs: NetBeans, Eclipse, and BlueJ. For the rest of

our lessons, we will be using the BlueJ IDE to learn Java

programming.

BlueJ is a free and open source Java IDE originally

developed at the University of Sydney and Monash University

in Australia. It’s main goal was to be teach object-oriented Java

programming. Today

the system is still being

maintained by La Trobe

University in Melbourne,

Australia and the University

of Kent in Canterbury, UK

and is supported by Oracle.

To get started, the following applications must have been

downloaded or are already present in your computer. Note that

all of these applications can be downloaded for free:

1. Java SE – JDK - http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/

java/javase/downloads/index.html

As of this writing, the latest stable version is Java SE7u2.

2. BlueJ - http://bluej.org/download/download.html

As of writing the latest stable version is BlueJ 3.0.6.

you install BlueJ. Installation normally takes a few minutes and

should be simple enough to follow.

11


Interactive CD

The interactive CD includes Java and BlueJ installers—the tools that are needed to explore Java with ease. Aside from these programs, the CD includes the examples and activities where the students can make their own computer programs.

35

IT Project ManagementDuring the final year of study, the student now has a great functional grasp of IT concepts and its

various applications. It is now important to teach them how to handle projects in an IT context.

Learning Goals


1. Learn the basic principles of IT project management.

2. Simulate the phases of IT project management through a small-scale IT project.

3. Develop their teamwork and leadership skills.4. Test their project against field and peer

standards.

Web Projects and the Cyberfair

As a practical approach, the courseware uses a Web development project as a paradigm to illustrate the different phases of an IT project. It also encourages students to try their skills in a Web development contest for students.

Project Management

The courseware aims to introduce students to the various principles behind the effective management of an IT project. Each lesson orients the students in the phases and development of an IT project, which they would also experience by undertaking a small-scale IT project management: planning, resource allocation and design, and implementation.

36

IT Project ManagementCourse Outline

• Planning an Information Technology Project

• Defining the IT Project

• Planning Your IT Project Resources

• Developing an IT Project Schedule

• Software Tools for Project Management

• Developing the User Interface

• More Specifications

• Testing and Project Quality

• IT Project Documentation

• IT Project Retrospective

The tekHIGH Series

Interactive CD

The CD contains the different exercises on the different phases of the IT project. It also contains the necessary templates for IT project documentation that the students will be using throughout the course. It is designed to aid them through the task of delivering the output for their project.

37

Animation in a Flash

This book teaches the basics of two-dimensional animation. The course utilizes Adobe Flash® and its incorporated technology in teaching the subject matter. Flash has now become a very popular authoring software with an assortment of uses in animation and Web and presentation development. The book offers a brief history and an orientation to the methods and basic principles of animation. The course then introduces Flash as the software in focus, instructing the student on the uses of the different tools and functions available in the program. As the course expounds on Flash, it also offers key pointers on how to produce quick and efficient animation. The book also introduces students to the interactive capabilities of Flash and its various applications aside from animation such as for rich-Internet applications.

Learning Goals


1. Gain a functional knowledge of Flash.

2. Create simple animation.

3. Learn the basic principles behind animation.

After several days Ethelried reached the place on foot. “See him,” laughed one of the brothers that was

dark to one that was fair. “He comes afoot; no prancing steed, no waving plumes, no trusty sword; little and

lorn, he is not fit to be called a brother to princes.”But Ethelried heeded not their taunts. He dashed across the drawbridge, and, opening his scissors, cried:

“Giant scissors, rise in power!Grant me my heart’s desire this hour!”

heard for miles around.

—from

by Annie Fellows Johnston

LESSON TWO

38

Animation in a Flash Course Outline

• It’s Alive!

• Flash Report

• Drawing and Developing Objects

• Making Things Move

• Animation! Animation!

• Character Development

• Masks, Text, and More

• Interactivity

• Flash for the Web

• Publishing Your Flash Movie

The tekHIGH Series

After several days Ethelried reached the place on foot. “See him,” laughed one of the brothers that was

dark to one that was fair. “He comes afoot; no prancing steed, no waving plumes, no trusty sword; little and

lorn, he is not fit to be called a brother to princes.”But Ethelried heeded not their taunts. He dashed across the drawbridge, and, opening his scissors, cried:

“Giant scissors, rise in power!Grant me my heart’s desire this hour!”

heard for miles around.

—from

by Annie Fellows Johnston

LESSON TWO

13Philippine Copyright 2010

Flash Report

At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:Recognize the

1. benefits of computer animation.

Be aquainted with 2.

Flash and its features. Start using Flash.

3.

What’s Up with Flash? 1.

Creating a New Flash 2.

Document3.

Modifying Flash 4.

Document Properties

LESSON OBJECTIVES

LESSON OUTLINE

Prince Ethelried needed no more than a magical pair of scissors to defeat the Ogre. His brothers doubted him because he had “no prancing steed, no waving plumes, no trusty sword” unlike them. What they didn’t know is that if you know how to handle even just one tool, and handle it well, you will be able to

conquer anything. Just like when you learn to make animations using Flash, the possibilities are endless.

After discovering some facts about animation from the previous lesson, you are now probably eager to try out animation

yourself. You are getting there, but first you need to understand a few more concepts on Flash animation, especially about the software itself. Later in the lesson, you will be exploring Flash.What’s Up with Flash?

Initially developed by Macromedia in the mid-1990s, Flash started as a vector-based animation software. Its later incarnations o�ered more features like stereo sound integration and raster graphics support. It became more popular as the media player plug-ins for web browsers made Flash available on the Internet. In December 2005, the software company Adobe acquired Macromedia and its products (including Flash). Flash is

claimed to be the most advanced interactivity authoring software

to date. In fact, Flash animation has been one of the top choices

of animation publishing format on the Web. Its popularity can be attributed to many factors, which are as follows:

Flash Is AccessibleFlash is accessible to the public. It does not require browser

plug-ins or other software for ordinary viewers to watch a Flash download at the Adobe Flash website.For developers, it is sold commercially. But it does not

require a budget of a Hollywood studio to purchase the Flash authoring software, or exceptional brains to use and produce animation. All it takes is the knowledge of how to use the tools in Flash and a dose of creativity.

Interactive CD

The CD companion features sample movies that the students can use as bases for their animation projects. Each lesson features a workable Flash document complete with everything they need (pre-drawn character models, sounds, and graphics) for them to create visually eye-catching animation.

39

Video Production and Digital Photography for Beginners

Learning Goals


1. Learn the basic steps in video production.

2. Know how to use digital hardware effectively.

3. Use the different software applications to accomplish related tasks.

4. Create his/her video production.

Technology has made much improvement in almost all fields. Media is one of these fields that have taken full advantage of these developments. Prior to this, certain fields such as film and broadcasting were exclusive to certain groups and individuals due to high costs and expense of creating projects. Now, everyone can do such projects using digital cameras and computers. The course consists of ten lessons divided into three parts with each part corresponding to a critical step in video production. It also features step-by-step guides on using both hardware and software in order to accomplish tasks efficiently and provide them with essential tips and tricks in handling video projects. It is a multimedia course that promotes the learning of technical knowledge and creativity.

40

Video Production and Digital Photography for Beginners

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• Knowing the Different Types of Film Genre

• Preparing Your Story

• Photography and Lighting

• The Camera and Other Digital Tools

• Image Manipulation and Titles

• Videography

• Introduction to Windows Live Movie Maker

• The Editing Process in Windows Live Movie Maker

• Sound

• Exporting the Final Cut

LESSON TWO

PROLOGUE

Two households, both alike in dignity,

In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,

From ancient grudge break to new mutiny,

Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.

From forth the fatal loins of these two foes

A pair of star-cross’d lovers take their life;

Whole misadventured piteous overthrows

Do with their death bury their parents’ strife.

And the continuance of their parents’ rage,

Which, but their children’s end, nought could remove,

Is now the two hours’ tra�c of our stage;

What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend.

—Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare


15

LESSON OBJECTIVES

At the end of this


be able to:

Learn the basic

1. elements that comprise

a good story.

Know how to use

2. di�erent shot sizes.

Make a simple script

3. and storyboard.

Plan for the intended

4. shoot.

Preparing Your Story

LESSON OUTLINE

Creating Your Story

1.

Visualizing Your Story

2.

Creating a Storyboard

3.

Making the Production

4. Schedule and Budget

musicals, and even satires of

Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. Created more than four centuries

ago, it still is the most famous love story ever told. William

Shakespeare’s great literary genius remains unsurpassable.

Imagine composing around 38 plays, 154 sonnets, and

numerous poems in a span of only 30 years! If you were to write

even one story today, do you think you can also make it last

forever and a day?

Pre-production is the planning stage in

story and visualize it. In other words, this is the time

when you brainstorm for ideas. After deciding on a

main concept and a film genre to tackle, you should

story will be the basis of your video work. A good story

almost always produces a good video.

NOTE

Creating Your Story

The Fiction Story

For starters, you are encouraged to tell stories that are close

to your heart, because it gives you a clear picture of what you

want in the end. However, as much as it is fun to run away with

your imagination, you have to be aware that you will eventually

shoot it.

Interactive CD

The interactive CD contains instructive material for making videos. It strengthens the student’s grasp of filmmaking concepts, such as lighting and picture composition. It also has additional exercises for scriptwriting and creating shooting schedules.

41

C++ Programming FundamentalsThis courseware introduces the students to an object-oriented programming language called “C++.”

The basics of programming are discussed through various C++ items, commands, and functionalities. Borland’s Turbo C++ (version 3.0) was used in providing concrete illustrations and examples to facilitate understanding of other C++ integrated development environments or IDEs.

Learning Goals


1. Understand object-oriented programming and its applications.

2. Recognize the different control structures of C++.

3. Create C++ programs based on certain requirements.

4. Demonstrate the ability to modify and debug C++ programs.

Why C++?

One of the lessons featured the ins and outs of using C++, such as the main components that make up a C++ program, expressions and functions that are inherent or user-defined, and other components that are important in order for any C++ program to run properly. These components are generally the same in any programming language, since most applications follow the same rules on operator precedence, expression evaluation, and declaration of variables or functions.

42

C++ Programming Fundamentals

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• Programming Languages and Paradigms

• C++ Overview

• Integrated Development Environment

• C++ Basics

• Program Flow of Control

• Handling Repetitions

• Arrays

• Memory Management

• Functions

• Basic Classes

Interactive CD

The CD contains exercises that will test the student’s theoretical and practical programming abilities. The students are given programming problems which they will either configure by inputting the codes asked for or solve by creating their own programs

LESSON SEVEN

chance was there of escaping ghost or goblin, if such it was, which could ride upon

the wings of the wind? Summoning up, therefore, a show of courage, he demanded

in stammering accents,“Who are you?” He received no reply. He repeated his demand

in a still more agitated voice. Still there was no answer. Once more he cudgeled the

fervor into a psalm tune. Just then the shadowy object of alarm put itself in motion,

night was dark and dismal, yet the form of the unknown might now in some degree

be ascertained. He appeared to be a horseman of large dimensions, and mounted on a

aloof on one side of the road, jogging along on the blind side of old Gunpowder, who

had now got over his fright and waywardness.—from

, Washington Irving

77Philippine Copyright 2012

Arrays

LESSON OBJECTIVESAt the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:

1. Know what arrays are and how to declare them.

2. Understand strings and how to use character arrays to make them.3. Apply arrays in programs.

LESSON OUTLINE1. What is an Array?2. Multidimensional Arrays3. Char Arrays

When you are in a situation where you’re not in

control of things, like Ichabod Crane when he meets the

panic and confusion. Even his horse Gunpowder is skittish

and refuses to follow his directions. When things are out of

control, they usually tend to go in all directions.there is no control over the data or the program elements,

then there will be a tendency for things to get messed up.

with, ranging from numerical to character, to date/time, to group several related, though distinct data items into one

structured data type is the array. What is an Array?An array is a collection of variables of the same data

type. Each value is referred to as an array element. Suppose

can be stored on variables quiz1, quiz2, …quiz5. Take a

look at the program below, which shows a solution with

only the use of variables:

43

Computer Networking Basics

From its humble beginnings as small clusters of networks distributed across select US universities and government agencies, the Internet is now considered indispensable by most people. It enables us to share important documents, play games, conduct business online, and do a lot of other activities that were once limited by time and distance.

At the very heart of the Internet are the networks that make up its physical infrastructure as well as the logical protocols embedded within the networks that allow it to function. This courseware introduces the essential computer networking concepts and instructs the student on the basics of computer network connectivity and configurations. It also provides a practical application of the concepts learned by guiding the students on how to design and create personal home networks.

Learning Goals


1. Appreciate computer networking concepts.

2. Define both the physical and logical parts of computer networks.

3. Apply computer networking concepts to design and create a simple home network.

44

The tekHIGH Series

Computer Networking Basics Course Outline

• Introduction to Networking

• Computer Communications Protocols and Network Models

• Network Devices and Network Media

• Topology of Area Networks

• The Ethernet and Network Architecture

• Wireless Networks

• Setting Up a Home Network

• Sharing Resources in Windows XP

• Network Security

• Network Troubleshooting and Maintenance

45

VB.NET Programming Fundamentals

Learning Goals


1. Understand VB.NET’s programming syntax and integrated development environment.

2. Apply object-oriented programming and .NET framework principles to solve simple programming problems.

3. Create visually appealing and data-driven applications.

Software applications, ranging from complex information management systems to games, are generally thought to be difficult to create. This usually discourages prospective students and professionals alike to dive into programming software applications.

Seeing their plight, Microsoft released Visual Studio with rapid development and deployment in mind, at the same time making it easier by allowing programmers to develop applications “visually” through an integrated development environment (IDE). Rapid development through the IDE is made possible by means of dragging and dropping common controls like textboxes and buttons from the IDE’s toolbox and an auto complete function called Intellisense that reduces development time by giving quick access to commonly used functions and declared variables.

Included in the Visual Studio suite is Visual Basic, a powerful and easy-to-learn tool for creating Windows applications. Visual Basic’s pseudocode-like syntax makes it easy for users to grasp programming concepts like variable declaration and flow control without having to deviate much from the natural language.

46

The tekHIGH Series

VB.NET Programming Fundamentals

Course Outline

• An Introduction to Computer Programming

• Front End Application

• Back End Application

• Working with Operators and Making Choices

• Looping and Arrays

• Organizing Your Program

• Introduction OOP in VB.NET

• User Accessibility

• Accessing Data

• Completing an Application

This courseware makes learning programming fundamentals an enjoyable experience. It makes coding a less tedious task by means of Intellisense. It teaches the basics of programming fundamentals like declaring and using variables, performing arithmetic and logical operations, program flow control statements, and arrays. Advanced topics like the .NET framework, object-oriented programming, and data-driven applications are introduced to allow the students to appreciate the finer points of current programming techniques and code reusability.


49

A diagram showing the While Loop structure

FALSE

TRUEContinue to the rest of the program

Check condition

Execute the code within the loop

While loop condition

In this lesson, you will learn about:1.

2. loops and when to use

them.3. Arrays and how to use

them in Visual Basic .NET.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

Looping and ArraysA lot of things happen in cycles. Take for example the

seasons of the year in temperate climes which make up a

cycle in how they repeat every year from winter, to spring,

to summer, to fall, and then back again to winter. Another

example is the the water cycle, which has been in existence for

the past three or four billion years. In this cycle, the sun’s heat

makes water from the ocean evaporate into the atmosphere

to form clouds, and when the conditions are right, the clouds

in bodies like rivers, lakes, and streams, which do their part to

return the water to the ocean where the whole cycle can start all

over again. Cycles like those described are generally associated

with nature, but they are also part of computer programming

concepts.

Loops permit a set of instructions to be repeated over and over

again until a particular condition is reached.

execution of a block of code until a particular condition is met

in the applications that you develop. In Visual Basic .NET, you

can use loops to repeat the execution of a block of code.

1. While Loop2. Do Loop

3. For Loop4. Arrays

LESSON OUTLINE

Ah, when to the heart of man

Was it ever less than a treason

To go with the drift of things,

To yield with a grace to reason,

And bow and accept the endOf a love or a season?

—A Boy’s Will, by Robert Frost

LESSON FIVE

47

Problem Solving with Robotics This book aims to introduce the students to the basics of robotics and the common devices used

for robotics operation. They will learn the science behind the technology used in robotics and gain insights on how a robot actually works. The courseware includes instructions on creating sample robots from construction to programming, with the thrust of developing problem-solving skills among the students as they put into practice the theoretical concepts they learn in this book.

Practical Robotics

There’s the subject of robotics and then there’s the subject of practical robotics. This is the courseware that teaches students not only how to do robotics but also how to solve problems using robots with the correct programming and resources available.

Learning Goals


1. Appreciate the field of robotics and its contributions to human society.

2. Learn the science behind the technologies used in robotics.

3. Learn the basic principles that govern the robots they will be creating.

4. Apply problem-solving skills in the process of creating a robot.

Spinning mills for weaving nerves and veins. Miles and miles of digestive tubes… in the

out and distributed. Fifteen thousand daily, not counting a regular percentage of defective

specimens which are thrown into the stamping-mill…

—from War with the Newts (1936), by Karel Čapek

LESSON TEN

48

Problem Solving with Robotics

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• Getting Started with Robotics

• Components of Robots

• The I-Robo Robotics Kit

• Locomotion with Wheels

• Motors and Gears • Light Sensor

• Proximity Sensors • Locomotion with Legs

• Competition Robots

• Moving Forward

Spinning mills for weaving nerves and veins. Miles and miles of digestive tubes… in the

out and distributed. Fifteen thousand daily, not counting a regular percentage of defective

specimens which are thrown into the stamping-mill…

—from War with the Newts (1936), by Karel Čapek

LESSON TEN

Interactive CD

The Student CD contains practical Robotics laboratory exercises that serve to familiarize the student concerning key details in the assembly of robots as well as the creation and execution of commands given them. The interactive exercises are the essential complements to any hands-on undertaking that the student should be able to successfully accomplish during the study of the course.

49

ICT & Society 2 - Social Networking People are social beings and need to have

outlets for their social needs. In the old days, the simple act of socializing did not require much from an individual except for the fact that he or she must be able to relay thoughts and ideas through speech or otherwise.

The many ways that people communicate with one another nowadays through electronic and digital means have become more complex, and yet it’s simply a matter of choosing the medium with which to communicate—whether it’s through messaging services or profile pages of social networking sites accessed with the computer.

This book will disperse the mystery and confusion behind the new ways people interact and make their presence known using the computer and the Internet. It will reveal how traditional means of doing things are taken to a higher level with the use of technology and take on new guises in virtual environments.

Learning Goals


1. Be aware of how the Internet is changing society.2. Know the many social uses of the Internet.3. Become safe online.

LESSON THREE

Work consists of whatever a body is obliged to do, and play consists of

whatever a body is not obliged to do.—from

, Mark Twain50

ICT & Society 2 - Social Networking

The tekHIGH Series

Course Outline

• A Social Society Online

• Online Communication

• A World of Entertainment

• Social Networking

• Blogging

• Learning Through the Net

• File Storage and Online Collaboration

• Building a Website

• The Internet Marketplace

• Online Crimes and Hazards

LESSON THREE

Work consists of whatever a body is obliged to do, and play consists of

whatever a body is not obliged to do.—from

, Mark Twain

LESSON OBJECTIVESAt the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:1. Identify the main sources

of Internet entertainment.2. Manage use of the Internet for entertainment.

LESSON OUTLINE

1. One-Stop Media Center2. Interactive Entertainment

A World of EntertainmentSince the beginning of time, man has always looked for

ways to entertain himself. Our sources of entertainment have

evolved through the ages and with the coming of the Internet,

entertainment found a whole new home online. Virtually

everything you would want for entertainment is now online, be

connect you to the rest of the world; it can also give you a lot of

pleasure and amusement right in your very own home. One-Stop Media Center

watch movies, personal videos, and even TV shows online. You

can also stream (play a media file online) sound, music, and

video, play all manner of games, or read articles and books to

your heart’s content. A lot of people also use blogs as personal

entertainment or for therapy. If you like writing as a hobby,

then having an online blog is definitely a pleasurable form of

entertainment.

Blogging is an activity that involves posting your

thoughts, memorabilia, or works in a Web log—a kind of online

diary. You can also register in social network sites where you can

socialize with peers or people of like interest. Blogs and other

social networks allow you to peek into the lives of other people

who have willingly made aspects of their lives public. You can

even interact with them if you wish, thus sharing a part of your

Internet is endless.

TV Shows and FilmsWho said you have to leave your study

desk and turn on the television set or DVD player

for you to be able to watch your favorite shows you to catch your favorite shows at your most

convenient time and to watch your favorite films right from your

or download them so you can watch them at a later time.23


Interactive CD

The Student CD contains a set of brain workouts that serve to familiarize the students with the terms, usage, norms, and navigation in social networking online.

51

E-commerce: Doing Business Online

Learning Goals

By the end of this courseware, the student is expected to:

1. Apply fundamentals of entrepreneurship in relation to ecommerce; 2. Understand essential requirements to do business and transact over the Internet; 3. Gain skills in using basic tools online to sell products and services online; 4. Develop basic SEO skills in connection with setting up an online store; and,5. Learn marketing techniques and skills used by business people online.

The development of the Internet has opened up an entirely new marketplace—one that goes beyond national boundaries and allows merchants to reach a consumer base with a worldwide reach, all the while remaining in their homes. E-commerce has revolutionized the way people and companies do business, and this courseware gives you the basic knowledge needed to start a potentially successful Web business.

Make Money Online

This courseware focuses on two main points of discussion. The first six lessons examine the different aspects involved when setting up an online business: the ways, tools, and methods an aspiring online retailer can use to begin. The remaining four lessons on the other hand goes over the basic sales principles and marketing techniques that govern businesses both online and in the real world.

techFactors Inc.EC

.12

Alvin D. Ramirez Ralsley Christopher C. Ramos Alexander P. Lim, MBA


DOING BUSINESS ONLINEFirst Edition

E-COMMERCE

52

E-commerce: Doing Business Online Course Outline

• What is E-commerce?

• Entrepreneurship Online

• Ways of Selling Online

• Tools for Selling Online

• Creating Your Online Store

• Designing the Online Store

• Making a Sale

• Marketing Online

• Understanding Online Traffic

• How to Set Up the Online Business

The tekHIGH Series

“Let’s pretend there’s a way of getting through into it, somehow, Kitty. Let’s pretend the glass has got all

soft like gauze, so that we can get through. Why, it’s turning into a sort of mist now, I declare! It’ll b

e easy

enough to get through –” She was up on the chimney-piece while she said this, though she hardly knew how

she had got there. And certainly the glass was beginning to melt away, just like a bright silvery mist.

In another moment Alice was through the glass, and had jumped lightly down into the Looking-glass

be as warm here as I was in the old room,’ thought Alice: ‘warmer, in fact, because there’ll be no one here to

at me!’

the back of it in the Looking-glass) had got the face of a little old man, and grinned at her.

by Lewis Carroll

LESSON ONE


3

At the end of this


be able to:

1. Explain what

e-commerce is and how

it works.

2. Know the milestones

and critical events in the

history of e-commerce.

3. Recognize the

present and possible

future prospects for

e-commerce.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

1.

2. E-commerce Timeline

3. Landscape

LESSON OUTLINE

In Lewis Carroll’s

s, Alice

discovers an alternative world when she magically steps

through a mirror. She notices that this world, being a

at the same time, Alice realizes upon closer inspection,

out of the ordinary.

Electronic commerce, or e-commerce, is similarly

fascinating. E-commerce occurs in a realm which,

although a real place, is not an actual geographical

location. One cannot really go there in a physical sense.

But anyone with the means to go online can project

and keep a presence in this virtual realm and trade with

the rest of the world. E-commerce has the power to

bring together all the buyers and sellers on the planet

in an immensely vast electronic marketplace—one

without borders and where physical barriers do not

exist.

limitless possibilities for the online entrepreneur, who

now has a platform to reach out and sell to billions

of people. It all seems magical, like the world Alice

saw through the mirror—except this is no longer

make-believe, but the workings of real-life, modern

technology.

E-commerce refers to all forms of business

transactions conducted electronically over computer

networks, the Internet in particular. It may deal with

tangible goods, such as food, clothing, and real

estate, as well as digital goods like computer software,

services are also available online—people may invest

in money markets, purchase airline tickets, book hotel

accommodations, and get insurance policies, to name

a few.

What Is E-commerce?

53

Accounting for Basic Bookkeeping

Learning Goals

By the end of the courseware, the student is expected to:

1. Apply the concepts and fundamentals of accounting as a tool for organizing and managing personal finances and in carrying out similar non-entrepreneurial tasks;

2. Maintain accounting records to determine profits gained from simple income-earning activities;

3. Keep accounting books to record assets, liabilities, and capital for business purposes; and,

4. Comply with organizational policies and basic income tax requirements.

An idea of where your income goes is of the highest importance to any business, but even ordinary people can benefit from a little bookkeeping know-how. Learn the basics of bookkeeping both on a personal level as well as on a larger scale with this 10-lesson courseware.

Simplified Bookkeeping

Keeping track of personal finance is easier when done with fundamental knowledge of balancing accounts sheets. Accounting for Basic Bookkeeping guides students from making their own personal finance sheets to doing the books for a single-proprietorship, small-scale business.

54

Accounting for Basic BookkeepingCourse Outline

• Basic Accounting Concepts

• The Accounting Cycle

• Applying Accounting Concepts

• Understanding Business Transactions

• A Bookkeeping Walkthrough for Personal Finances

• Entrepreneurship and Accounting

• Business Accounting

• Closing the Books

• Summarizing Business Operations

• A Bookkeeping Walkthrough for Single Proprietorship

The tekHIGH Series

Philippine Copyright 2012 Techfactors, Inc.

2

CHAPTER

Basic Accounting Concepts

01Origins of AccountingMany believe that accounting evolved from the concept of “possession.”

As mankind learned to amass food, objects and territorial claims, it became

important to determine just how much had been collected and owned.

Evidence of one of the first tally systems has been linked to the jawbone of

a wolf found in the Cro-Magnon cave that was discovered in Czechoslovakia

in 1937. Research revealed that the said jawbone had fifty-five slashes carved

into it and that the slashes were presented in groups of five.

In a separate archaeological find in Africa, a piece of animal bone was discovered which contained notches

expressed in groups of 11, 13, 17 and 19, which represent numbers that cannot be distributed equally. It was

apparent that making a permanent record of “how many” was of great relevance and significance even at that

early period.As more artifacts were discovered, researchers became more convinced that, even during prehistoric times,

man became conscious of recording and monitoring his possessions became more and more obvious.

When the Stone Age became the Bronze Age, and when the Bronze Age later transitioned into the Iron Age,

metal possessions apparently became more valuable than the previous earthenware belongings. Tokens of varying

forms and sizes have been found, and are surmised to have been used to denote value, a significant development

that heralded an improvement in trading methods. The Earliest Forms of Accounting of acquiring possessions had evolved into the concept of amassing wealth, which allowed those who had more to

gain control or power over those who had less. It was in the ancient lands of Mesopotamia, Babylonia and Egypt that the earliest forms of accounting

were introduced. As mankind evolved from being hunters to being

farmers, certain complexities necessitated the development of a system

for managing wealth and possessions. Invaders and conquerors oftentimes turned their captives into

slaves, whom they had to account for because they were traded and

distributed. Subjects were likewise required to pay taxes to their

overlords or rulers if they wanted to reside within the city walls and thus

benefit from the protection that a walled city provided. Agricultural

crops had to be counted and recorded to make sure that the people were

paying the correct amount of taxes.

(Prehistoric Times of Bohemia, Moravia Wikimedia CCA-SA Unported)

(Defensive Walls Zutphen mure / Wikimedia under public Domain)

Philippine Copyright 2012 Techfactors, Inc.3

Basic Accounting Conceptscity of Jericho, the oldest known continuously inhabited city on Earth. Anthropologists

and archaeologists have found stone markers and envelopes which apparently served

as documents that resembled a balance sheet. Each document was specific to a certain

individual, along with specific entries for agricultural inventories and number of tokens.

In the cities of Sumer and Mesopotamia, bookkeeping records were unearthed

in the form of clay tablets, which bore indentations to mark the number of precious

would later be left under the sun to dry and harden, would serve as permanent records.

Moreover, the “abax,” a device invented as an improvement over the tokens that were

being used as markers in Sumeria, is said to be the original form of the abacus.

development of an auditing system, since the papyrus records provided clear documentation of any irregularities

among the Pharaoh’s administrators.

during the Classical Period of European history. The Renaissance and the Birth of Modern Accounting

It was during the Renaissance in the 14th century, well after the fall of the Roman Empire, that Italian

scholars, led by Frater Luca Bartolomes Pacioli, developed the foundations of modern accounting. However,

his works were not published until much later, when accounting, as a scholarly discipline, was taken up as a

separate subject matter.In his book, Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni et Proportionalita (Everything About Arithmetic,

Geometry and Proportion), the bookkeeping system was included among the guidelines for mathematical

knowledge and applications. Pacioli’s guidelines included three important books, namely: (1) the daybook, (2) the journal and (3) the

ledger.

• and provided columns for various monetary units.

(Globular envelope with tokens – Wikimedia –CCA-SA 2.5 Generic)

55

A Word on HigherEd

A word on the TechFactors HigherEd Series.

As students progress towards the higher and more specialized fields of tertiary education, the advantage of having data available at a moment’s notice is more apparent. The vast stores of information accessible combined with the advances made in mobile computing have rendered the act of data-gathering into little more than a few keystrokes or swipes of fingertips across touch-sensitive glass, as opposed to spending hours in dusty library archives. In a span of a single decade, the Internet has revolutionized the face of education on a global scale, and forced a change in the way we learn and acquire knowledge.

TechFactors recognizes that the Filipino student is at the forefront of this digital revolution, and with the right tools, can take advantage of the opportunity it gives. This is why we are dedicated to increasing the amount of knowledge they have about the different aspects of ICT through our specially-designed and developed educational modules. We have found success with the lower levels of the educational system; now, we turn our attention towards the higher ones.

With these developments in mind, TechFactors introduces the HigherEd courseware series.

The HigherEd series tackles intermediate subject material as presented in TechFactors’ trademark style; that is, explaining the lesson as clearly and simply as possible without losing sight of its essential concepts and theories. Each TechFactors HigherEd module is also accompanied by lesson gists and activities after each lesson, making it a complete learning experience. In addition, students using the HigherEd courseware have access to interactive exercises contained on a set of CDs designed to increase their mastery of the lesson.

With the HigherEd series, TechFactors hopes to instill a deeper sense of understanding of ICT concepts in addition to creating a higher awareness of what it means to be a citizen of an increasingly connected world in students as they pursue higher education.

Dr. Jaime D.L. Caro

56

The HigherEd Series

With the HigherEd series, the TechFactors program completes the instruction that was started by the Tekkids and tekHigh courseware. Building on the foundation laid down by the elementary and secondary programs, the HigherEd program is designed for the modern tertiary-level student that has a high level of familiarity with technology as well as the global information superhighway.

All of the programs were developed with the guidance of experts in the field and presented in easy-to-understand terms. Like other TechFactors programs, the HigherEd series is accompanied by interactive activities which allow students to grasp the lesson easier and reinforce the students’ retention.

Learning Goals

Learning Goals that summarize the main points covered opens every lesson. It prepares and introduces the class to the topic and pushes it forward. At the same time, words and concepts related to the lesson are explained in the simplest way possible while connecting them to real-life situations and examples, making sure that the students comprehend the lesson at hand and its relevance to actual events.

57

Comprehensive and Practical Approach

The combination of the comprehensive lesson contained in the HigherEd books and the practical approach of the exercises ensure that by the end of each program, students are able to demonstrate a practical understanding of the different concepts related to the IT subject matter and perform tasks related to it.

Structured PresentationLike the modules produced for the lower years, the TechFactors HigherEd books present lessons and information in an organized, concise manner for easy understanding. In addition, HigherEd courseware have full-color illustrations to grab the students’ interest.

Learning Goals As a way to guide both students and teachers, all the lessons in the TechFactors courseware feature specific learning goals that the students are expected to have achieved after the discussion.

Outline The contents of the lesson are presented in a broad overview that shows the major points to be discussed.

Screenshots The lessons use actual screenshots taken from the software being taught, making it easy for the students to understand how the process actually unfolds.

Philippine Copyright 2011 Techfactors, Inc. 1

INTRODUCTION

As a segue to basic ICT concepts, this volume moves the discussion forward with more advanced

practical software applications and goes in-depth with the many ways people communicate nowadays

through electronic and digital media. In particular, this courseware touches on the new ways people

interact and make their presence known using the computer and the Internet. It reveals how traditional

ways of doing things are taken to a higher level with the use of technology and takes on new guises in

virtual environments.In this courseware, you will be made aware of how the Internet changes society, and how, in the

process, it makes us more knowledgeable of the many social uses of the Internet. It also covers the social

issues surrounding ICT in today’s society, particularly helping students better understand proper legal and

ethical behavior when using ICT.LEARNING GOALS

By the end of this courseware, the student is expected to:1.

presentation.2. Be aware of some of the social issues surrounding ICT.3. Exhibit legal and ethical behavior when using ICT.

58

The Gist At the end of the lesson, the important points are condensed into a capsule summary for easy retention.

Progress Bar Additional information related to the subject is added at various points throughout the lessons in the courseware to create a total learning experience.

Learning Blast Each courseware developed by TechFactors concludes every lesson with a series of exercises that test the students’ comprehension of the lesson and improve their ability to reason.

Define The courseware supplies different exercises to assess whether the lesson was successful or not. It can be used as an exam or an assignment to complement the lesson.

ResolveSimple exercises designed to prepare students for the more challenging activities that lie ahead.

Reconnect A more advanced challenge is given to increase the students’ mastery of the concepts that were discussed previously. The skills workouts also tie in with the interactive modules produced by TechFactors.

The Gist

The Gist ProjectionsProgress Bar

Learning Blast Learning BlastLearning Blast



The GistProgress Bar Projections

Learning Blast Learning Blast Learning Blast



Progress Bar









Define








Learning Blast Learning Blast Learning BlastLearning Blast

Resolve









Reconnect









59

ICT 101

Learning Goals


1. Understand the concepts underlying hardware, software, and algorithms, and their practical applications.

2. Use the graph as a tool for representing and providing solutions to problems.

3. Use features of office productivity software for data processing and presentation.

The first half of the two-part ICT courseware series features a selection of lessons taken from TechFactors’ different publications. It discusses the history and background, as well as puts a focus on the most basic concepts of ICT.

BASIC CONCEPTS, EXPLAINED

ICT 101 starts off by providing students with an overview of the history of ICT, including the machines that were the predecessors of today’s modern computers. It also presents some of the underlying principles of ICT. Chapters are included that discuss assistive technologies, or technologies designed to help differently-abled people, as well as the basics of hardware and software. Finally, the courseware concludes with lessons on Microsoft Word and PowerPoint, which are the word processing and presentation components of the Microsoft Office Suite.

Al-Khwarizmi

Turing made the mechanical checking of proofs possible.


12

Algorithms - The Basis of ICT

LESSON

2

Let’s say you have a friend who has never changed a light bulb in his life, even

though he has seen this done several times throughout his lifetime, and only he can

change a particular busted bulb at this time. How would you tell him how to change

the light bulb? Chances are, you would give him the following instructions:

1. Get a ladder tall enough for you to reach the bulb.

2. Carry the new bulb in your hand.

3. Climb the ladder.

4. Reach for, and then unscrew, the blown bulb.

5. Screw in the new bulb in your hand.

6. Climb down the ladder.

7.

You may not realize it, but you have given your friend a distinct, precise sequence of instructions, or

commands, which tell him what to do to change the bulb, so he knows what steps to take. Computers are

pretty much the same—they need precise instructions to do what it is they need to do. Without these, a

computer is little more than a very expensive paperweight.

A Brief History of Algorithms

stated by the Persian mathematician Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Musa

al-Khwarizmi (c. 780-850 AD). Algorism originally referred only to the rules of

performing arithmetic with Hindu-Arabic numerals, but in time developed into the

Where computer programming is concerned, the Countess of Lovelace, Ada

Byron, made an algorithm for Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine, which was

actually a theoretical programmable computer, in 1842, intended to calculate

Bernoulli numbers.

In 1936, British mathematician Alan Turing proved that certain theoretical

machines could do any kind of mathematical computation if these machines were

modern-day computers work, and the programs which are used in today’s computers

are all based on algorithms.

60

ICT 101 Course Outline

• InformationinSociety

• Algorithms–TheBasisofICT

• MakingVisualSenseofICT

• GraphicalSolutions

• AssistiveAccesstoICT

• HardwareinICT

• SoftwareinICT

• MSWord

• MSPowerPoint

Al-Khwarizmi

Turing made the mechanical checking of proofs possible.


12


LESSON

2

Let’s say you have a friend who has never changed a light bulb in his life, even

though he has seen this done several times throughout his lifetime, and only he can

change a particular busted bulb at this time. How would you tell him how to change

the light bulb? Chances are, you would give him the following instructions:

1. Get a ladder tall enough for you to reach the bulb.

2. Carry the new bulb in your hand.

3. Climb the ladder.

4. Reach for, and then unscrew, the blown bulb.

5. Screw in the new bulb in your hand.

6. Climb down the ladder.

7.

You may not realize it, but you have given your friend a distinct, precise sequence of instructions, or

commands, which tell him what to do to change the bulb, so he knows what steps to take. Computers are

pretty much the same—they need precise instructions to do what it is they need to do. Without these, a

computer is little more than a very expensive paperweight.

A Brief History of Algorithms

stated by the Persian mathematician Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Musa

al-Khwarizmi (c. 780-850 AD). Algorism originally referred only to the rules of

performing arithmetic with Hindu-Arabic numerals, but in time developed into the

Where computer programming is concerned, the Countess of Lovelace, Ada

Byron, made an algorithm for Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine, which was

actually a theoretical programmable computer, in 1842, intended to calculate

Bernoulli numbers.

In 1936, British mathematician Alan Turing proved that certain theoretical

machines could do any kind of mathematical computation if these machines were

modern-day computers work, and the programs which are used in today’s computers

are all based on algorithms.

An algorithm must be

executable.


13


What Are Algorithms?

problem or accomplishing some end, especially by a computer. For a set of instructions to be considered

1. is concerned.

2. 3.

Not all instructions are algorithms. An algorithm, to be clear and unambiguous, must cover every

last detail as far as creating the desired solution is concerned. Consider the example with the following

instructions on how to become a class president:

1. Announce that you are running for class president.

2. Campaign.

3. Get elected.

Granted, the instructions are doable. It is easy to announce that you are running for class president.

When, for example, should you announce that you’re running for class president? What does it mean when

you “campaign?” And how do you “get elected?”

An algorithm is executable when the instructions given can actually be done in real life, given the

parameters of technology available. To demonstrate executability, consider the age-old joke of how to put

an actual, real, live elephant inside a household refrigerator, with instructions as follows:

1. Open the refrigerator door.

2. Put the elephant inside.

3. Close the refrigerator door.

In this case, while the instructions are clear, they are clearly not

lose weight:

1. Reduce your daily caloric intake to 1,500 calories per day.

2. Weigh yourself on the scale every evening, at 8:00 pm.

61

ICT 102

Learning Goals


1. Use advanced features of office productivity software for data processing, data visualization and presentation.

2. Be aware of some of the social issues surrounding ICT.3. Exhibit legal and ethical behavior when using ICT.

The second half of the ICT series picks up where the first part left off as it showcases the future of ICT, especially when taken in the context of social networks and online business.

AN EYE ON TOMORROW

ICT 102 opens with lessons on Microsoft Excel and Access, the spreadsheet and database management programs that come with the Microsoft Office Suite. From there, it introduces the students to the concept of free and open-source software. Then, it jumps into the Internet, with lessons on the newer features of the global computer network such as social networking, blogging, website development, and even e-business. Finally, it concludes with discussions on the ethical issues surrounding the Web, such as the ongoing debate on Intellectual Property Rights.

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ICT 102 Course Outline

• MSExcel

• MSAccess

• FreeICT

• SocialNetworking

• Blogging

• BuildingaWebsite

• TheInternetMarketplace

• Ethics

• IntellectualProperty


INTRODUCTION

As a segue to basic ICT concepts, this volume moves the discussion forward with more advanced

practical software applications and goes in-depth with the many ways people communicate nowadays

through electronic and digital media. In particular, this courseware touches on the new ways people

interact and make their presence known using the computer and the Internet. It reveals how traditional

ways of doing things are taken to a higher level with the use of technology and takes on new guises in

virtual environments.

In this courseware, you will be made aware of how the Internet changes society, and how, in the

process, it makes us more knowledgeable of the many social uses of the Internet. It also covers the social

issues surrounding ICT in today’s society, particularly helping students better understand proper legal and

ethical behavior when using ICT.

LEARNING GOALS

By the end of this courseware, the student is expected to:

1. presentation.

2. Be aware of some of the social issues surrounding ICT.

3. Exhibit legal and ethical behavior when using ICT.


Free ICTLESSON

3

costing or charging anything.” Strictly speaking, a lot of things

considered “free” in real life aren’t really free. For instance,

so-called “free TV” programming isn’t free because a company

is paying to produce the shows and for the electricity to send the

program out into the airwaves. If you watch one of the shows

on TV, you have to consider the company who paid to assemble

that TV, and of course, someone also had to have purchased

that TV, as well as pay for the electricity consumed.

Strictly speaking, ICT isn’t free, either. Someone, or some company, had to pay for the hardware—the

computer, disks, cable connections and the like—that you use, be it in your home or in an Internet café.

Chances are, the software used in the computer is also proprietary, which means that it is used, produced

or marketed under the author’s exclusive legal copyright. It is “payware,” or commercial software which the

there are lots of free programs which can be used in ICT.

Free Programs

Freeware are proprietary software which are made available by their

authors for downloading, copying, usage, and distribution under certain

terms and conditions. Freeware can be copies of a program, given away

ownership; or software which can be distributed over the Internet for

open source. Freeware is focused on the freedom of usage as opposed to

the freedom to modify software. Most freeware programs are free for

personal use. However, if a business will be using these programs, they

may be required to pay a licensing fee.

Shareware, on the other hand, are proprietary software which are freely distributed to users without

payment, but which are limited in some form, such as functionality (some features are missing), availability

(only limited copies are available), or convenience (they can only be used in a certain way). Most shareware

the user can choose to purchase the full version in order to continue using the software. Trial software

often provides only basic features of the software. In order to unlock all the features, the user must pay. 63

Accounting for Business

Learning Goals


1. Manage personal finances in ways that will realize savings.

2. Record simple business transactions to monitor assets, liabilities, capital, income and expenses.

3. Plan the utilization of funds and make profit goals as a basic business concept.

4. Prepare financial statements, i.e., income statement, balance sheet and cash flow projections.

5. Comply with basic tax requirements.

The next level of the TechFactors accounting courseware introduces bookkeeping for business for students. HigherEd: Accounting for Business provides a thorough study of the process of accounting, this time geared towards larger enterprises.

Ready for the Big Leagues

Accounting for Business lets students experience firsthand how it feels like to work within a large company as a member of its accounting group. It also gives them the chance to create a financial report that follows the laws and principles of accountancy. Finally, Accounting for Business provides a lesson on the basic tax requirements that every company is required to settle.

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Accounting for Business Course Outline

• OriginsofAccounting

• FinancialReportingStandards

• FundamentalAccountingProcedures

• BasicBookkeepingPracticesandTools

• TheFundamentalAccountingEquation

• BasicAccountingElements

• MatchingIncomeandExpenses

• AscertainingtheAccuracyofBalances

• PreparingFinancialStatements

• UnderstandingBasicBusinessTax Requirements

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www.techfactorsinc.com101 V. Luna Road Extension, Sikatuna Village, Quezon City 1101

Tel.Nos. +63(2) 435 0255 / +63(2) 929 6924 / +63(2) 929 8094

COURSEWAREGUIDE

ABOUT THE SERIES EDITOR


Dr. Caro has more than 20 years of experience in education and research in the areas of Computer Science, Information Technology, and Mathematics. He received the degrees of Bachelor of Science major in Mathematics (cum laude) in 1986, Master of Science in Mathematics in 1994, and Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics in 1996, all from the University of the Philippines Diliman. He spent a year as a post doctorate research fellow at the University of Oxford from 1997 to 1998.

He is presently Assistant Vice President for Development of the University of the Philippines, Program Director of the UP Information Technology Training Center (UP ITTC), and a professor of Computer Science in UP Diliman. He is an honorary member of the Philippine Society of Information Technology Educators (PSITE), President of the Computing Society of the Philippines (CSP), and a member of the Technical Panel on Information Technology Education of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED). Dr. Caro is a recognized expert on Complexity Theory, Combinatorial Network Theory, Online Communities, and e-Learning.

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