bureau of indian standards product certification in developing countries- indian perspective

Bureau of Indian StandardsBureau of Indian Standards

Product Certificationin Developing

Countries- Indian Perspective


• Independent proof of compliance to prescribed Standards

• Objective mechanism for acceptance of goods & services in foreign trade, especially in MRAs

• Basis for compliance to Technical regulations

• Confidence Building through use of International Standards & Guides such as Guide 65, Guide 62, ISO 17025, ISO 17020

Relevance of Certification


• Manufacturers– Improvement & consistency in quality.– Customer confidence and wider markets

• Organized Purchasers– Confidence in integrity of a product.– Reduction in costly testing and inspection

• Common Consumer– Brand oriented selection, confidence in the purchase.

• National Level– Protection of consumer and environment– Improved public purchases and optimum overall economy.

• International Level– Facilitation of international trade, mutual recognition and

acceptance. Costly testing and inspection avoided.

Benefits of Certification


• Recognition of a conformity mark means three preconditions being met– Competence of the conformity assessment body– Visibility of the mark of conformity (people know

what it means)– Credibility of the mark of conformity (people

believe the results of the assessment are relevant and valid)

Product certification

Bureau of Indian StandardsBureau of Indian StandardsINDIA – REGULATORY AGENCIES

IMPORTANT AGENCIES INVOLVED IN QUALITY REGULATION

Directorate General of Health Services PFA Ministry of Food Processing Industry FPO Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion BIS & EC Acts Directorate of Marketing and Inspection AGMARK Department of Agriculture & Cooperation Plant Quarantine Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying MMPO Department of Legal Metrology Weights & Measures Act Bureau of Energy Efficiency Energy Conservation Act Chief Controller of Explosives Indian Explosives Act Directorate General of Mines Safety Coal Mines Regulations Ministry for Road Transport CMVR Central Pollution Control Board


IMPORTS

EXPORTS

EIC

AGMARK&

OTHERS

BIS

PRODUCT CERTIFICATION - VOLUNTARY

DOMESTIC


IMPORTS

EXPORTS

EIC

PRODUCT CERTIFICATION - MANDATORY

DOMESTIC

BIS for 109

Products


• Product certification Schemes– General Products domestic certification– Certification schemes for foreign manufacturers and

Indian importers.

– Hallmarking of gold jewellery.

– Eco-mark

• Management System Certification Schemes– Quality system certification including HACCP.– Environment management system certification.– Occupational Health & Safety

BIS Certification activities


EMS QMS Hall Mark Foreign Product

901600 800 41

18000

Licences issued

BIS Certification Schemes


BIS Product certification• Started in 1955

• Self-supporting Scheme

• Operated under an Act of Parliament

• Basically voluntary in nature (akin to world practices)

• Central Govt. (Not BIS) can make Mandatory where human health and safety are involved.

• Products under certification - ~ 1200

• Under Mandatory Certification -109


HQ – Delhi

5 Regional Offices

33 Branch Offices

5 Inspection Offices

8 Labs

HQ – Delhi

5 Regional Offices

33 Branch Offices

5 Inspection Offices

8 Labs


PRODUCT CERTIFICATION

ISO TYPE 5 SCHEME

Modeled on ISO Guide

28

Conforms to ISO Guide

65

Voluntary Scheme

Almost1200

Products


• Application - Scrutiny and registration

• Preliminary Factory evaluation• Testing of samples - In factory and laboratories

• Grant of licence• Surveillance

– Periodic factory visits– Factory sample testing– Market sample testing

• Annual Review of licence– Renewal– Expiry/cancellation

Certification Process


109 Products• Food Colours & Food Additives

• Cement

• Gas Cylinders

• Electrical Appliances

• Infant Milk Products

• Pressure Stoves

• Steel Tubes

• Miners’ Safety Equipment

• Packaged Drinking Water and Natural Mineral Water

• Thermometers

Mandatory Certification


LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK

BIS ACT 1986

Section 10 General Powers

Section 11 , 12

Violations: Misuse of ISI Mark etcSection 14 Powers for Mandatory Certification

Section 15 Powers to grant / cancel licence etcSection 25 Powers to appoint Inspecting

OfficersSection 26 Powers to conduct search & seizure

Section 33 Penalties for violations

BIS Rules 1987

Rule 9 Establishment of Standard Mark

Rules 20, 21 Appointment & Powers of Inspecting Officers

Rule 12 Powers to conduct inspections

BIS (Certification) Regulations, 1988


Product certification

BIS Standard Mark


• Importance of Conformity Assessment is realized by the fact that TBT Agreement devotes four articles to CA arrangements

• The main spirit being that CAPs

• are not prepared, adopted and applied with a view to or with the effect of creating unnecessary obstacles to International trade

• Are notified to other members when not in line with international guides

• Of other members are accepted even when procedures are different provided they offer an assurance of conformity equivalent to their own

Conformity Assessment & TBT


• Possible approaches

– Mutual Recognition Agreements (MRA)s between certifiers

– Multilateral Recognition between certifiers

– International Accreditation of certifiers

Objective : One Stop Assessment --- Accepted World wide

Acceptance of CAPs ?


• Developing countries’ Dilemma

– Mutual Recognition Agreements (MRA)s between certifiers – Limited recognition, new arrangement every time

– Multilateral Recognition between certifiers – Costly, time consuming, involves socio-political concerns

– International Accreditation of certifiers– Ideal, but difficult to conclude due to difference in adopted procedures, availability of resources and condescending approach of developed countries

Acceptance of CAPs ?


• Voluntary – Operates in free market conditions

– Tests the real strength of the Scheme and the certifier

– Businesses implement voluntary standards as a strategic planning and marketing tool

– Reliability levels are high

• Mandatory

– To regulate quality for domestic consumption– Unwilling industry segments resort to violations– Need for enforcement/policing– Additional manpower resources are required

Certification – Voluntary or Mandatory ?


• Developing countries’ DilemmaTo use or not, the mandatory Certification Scheme especially to• regulate quality in critical sectors when other

measures prove ineffective• Prevent substandard imports• Protect domestic industry

Certification – Voluntary or Mandatory ?


• Diversion of scarce Technical manpower from core areas to regulatory functions :• Enforcement raids• Legal follow up

• Negligible support from Enforcement Agencies shifts primary responsibility to NCB

• Possibility of Public criticism• Increased pressure on NCB to protect Brand

image of Certification Mark

How it has affects NCBs

MANDATORY CERTIFICATION


ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES

• Make regulatory bodies responsible for enforcement under their respective acts

• NCBs should propagate compliance of standards through their voluntary certification schemes

• Encourage government purchasing with Product certification, wherever available

• Governments should identify products in critical fields of health, safety and environment sectors for mandatory compliance in a phased manner

• Amend Consumer protection Legislations to enable governments to notify mandatory compliance to National standards

• Enhance Penalties for violations as a deterrent


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bureau of indian standards product certification in developing countries- indian perspective

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mandatory certification

indian importers

use of international

standards objective

conformity mark

inspection offices

mark of conformity people

act of parliament