booklet part i - what is solid waste

8/6/2019 Booklet Part I - What is Solid Waste

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Composed and Published by:

Water Supply & Sanitation Programme (WSSP) inBinh Dinh Province, Vietnamhttp://binhdinhwssp.wordpress.com/

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in BinhDinh Province, Vietnam
http://binhdinhwssp.wordpress.com/http://binhdinhwssp.wordpress.com/


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FOREWORD

The Water Supply and Sanitation Programme (WSSP) in BinhDinh Province aims to improve the quality of life of thepopulation in 6 districts of Binh Dinh Province (Phu Cat, PhuMy, Tuy Phuoc, Tay Son, An Nhon and Hoai Nhon) through theprovision of efficient facilities for both irrigation and drinkingwater as well as municipal solid waste management.

Awareness-raising is one of the main components of thisproject. To increase basic knowledge on municipal solid wastemanagement, the project has chosen to develop a first bookleton 'What is Solid Waste?'. This will improve the knowledgeand perception of the community about a proper definition ofsolid waste, different sources of solid waste, different types,the harmful effects and economic benefits.

Although certain knowledge and concepts might be unfamiliarto some people, the authors made very short and simpleexplanations which are accompanied by various pictures tointrigue the readers and to convince people about theimportance of a well overthought solid waste managementplan.

We would like to thank all persons who contributed to the

completion of this edition. On this occasion, we would also liketo express our gratitude and appreciation to the all people thathave been very cooperative during our field work and who arenow trying to convince others about an effective solid wastemanagement plan.

Thanks!


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Already appeared in this serie:

Part I: What is Solid Waste?

Part II: What to do with Solid Waste?Part III: How to make money from Solid Waste?

For the digital versions:

http://binhdinhwssp.wordpress.com/
http://binhdinhwssp.wordpress.com/http://binhdinhwssp.wordpress.com/


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CONTENT

1. What is solid waste?

2. Sources of solid waste

3. Types of solid waste

4. Harmful effects of solid waste

5. Economic benefits


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1. WHAT IS SOLID WASTE?

WHAT IS WASTE?

Waste is any material that is not used by a certain individual

any more or makes no use to that individual. It is anythingthat doesn't add value to a product or service in any activity.

WHAT IS SOLID WASTE?

Solid waste is the waste which stays in solid statedischarged from the process of production, business, service,daily activities and others.

Examples: newspapers, yard waste, used furniture, plastic,household garbage and anything you can think of that peoplethrow away.


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2. SOLID WASTE SOURCES

Solid waste has many different sources. It includes all thewaste that people throw away at various places, such as theirhome, schools, hospitals, the market etc.

Households Market School

Agriculture Health Center

Industry Technology Construction


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3. TYPES OF SOLID WASTE

In general, solid waste can be divided into three broad

categories: biodegradable waste, non-biodegradablewaste and recyclables. This segregation is necessary toremember, as separating your waste at the source is one ofthe most important steps in waste treatment. Studies in theproject area have revealed that the composition of thehousehold waste is approximately.

BIODEGRADABLE WASTE

Biodegradable waste is typically originatedfrom plant or animal sources, whichmay be degraded by other living organisms.Biodegradable waste is a major component

of municipal solid waste, about 60%.

Examples: food waste, peels, seeds, core of fruits, uneatablevegetables, garden waste,...


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RECYCLABLE WASTE

Recyclable waste are materials that can be used for recycling,

the process ofturning used products into raw materialsthat can be used to make new products. Recyclablewaste occupies between 15% of solid waste, a rather smallamount.

Examples: glass, paper, metal, plastic, textiles or electronics.

Plastic Paper Clothes

NON-BIODEGRADABLE WASTE

Non-biodegradable waste is composed of material other thanplant or animal matter and are thus not easy todisintegrate. It also excludes any kind of recyclable orreusable waste. This faction is a rather small component of

municipal solid waste, as it occupies only 25% of the totalamount of municipal solid waste.

Examples: soil, sand, dust, porcelain, broken glass, dry wood,

broken bricks, light bulb or cigarette butts.


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4. HARMFUL EFFECTS OF SOLID WASTE

When not treated properly, solid waste can have far-reaching

consequences on the environment and on peopleshealth.

ENVIRONMENT

If waste isn't treated properly on land,

it will contaminate the soil, thewater surface and theunderground water, which will leadto the contamination of crops andwater supplies, eventually making itsway into the water you may drink.

Further, the uncontrolled burning of open dumpsites may

cause severe air pollution that will also cause harm ordiscomfort to all living organisms.

PEOPLE'S HEALTH

Solid waste can increase the spread of

diseases, usually caused by the breeding ofdisease carriers (e.g. flies, mosquitos etc.) at the

dumpsites.

Examples: respiration, allergy,cardiology, digestion, skin andeyes, but also cancer and mentaldiseases can be caused bywaste.


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DIRECT IMPACT OF SOLID WASTE ON HUMANS AND

ANIMALS

Atmosphere

SOLID WASTE SOURCES

- Daily activities- Production activities (Industrialand agricultural)

- Commercial activities- Recycling activities

Water

surface

Underground

waterSoil environment

Humans and animals


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5. ECONOMIC BENEFITS

An important aspect is that solid waste can giveeconomic benefits to you too. This can be done

through making profit from your waste or justsaving costs by reducing the amount of wastethat you have to send to the sanitary landfill.

The first step you need to keep in mind is the

importance ofseparation of the waste at source. All thedifferent fractions of solid waste (biodegradable, non-biodegradable and recyclables) need to be treated in adifferent manner.

EXAMPLES:

In the recycling business, money can be made when

specific fractions are separated from the rest of the waste.Scavengers are trying to make a living by collecting theserecyclables and selling them to middle-men or recyclingcompanies.

Scavenger recycling bottles


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Regardingbiodegradable waste, there are many ways tosave costs or make some profit.

Fresh food waste can be re-fed to animals or you can makean informal or formal arrangement with nearby farmers.

Composting is also a good solution for biodegradable waste.Compost can then be used to enrich or feed the soil toenhance the growth of plants.

Compost


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My Waste,My Responsibility

booklet part i - what is solid waste

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