Action Plan for Solid Waste Management in the Union Territory of Puducherry under Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016.

BackgroundThe Union Territory of Pondicherry (UTP) consists of two districts, Puducherry

District and Karaikal District. Puducherry district includes two outlying regions of Mahe

(adjoining Kannur District of Kerala) and Yanam (adjoining East Godavari District of Andhra

Pradesh) apart from Puducherry region which lies adjoining Tamil Nadu. The below map

clearly shows all the four regions of the UTP that are geographical scattered across three

main states in the country.

India

: v-v

' - /■ 7— >All four regions constitute UTP

Make !« f.IV Karaikal

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The proposed Solid Waste ManagementAction Plan (SWMAP)of the UTPunder the

Solid Waste Management Rules (SWMR), 2016 covers five Urban Local Bodies (ULB) viz.,

Pondicherry Municipality, Oulgaret Municipality, Karaikal Municipality, Mahe Municipality

and Yanam Municipality. Among the five municipalities, Pondicherry and Oulgaret

Municipalities are adjoining each other and hence these two municipal areas along with

certain urbanised pockets of Ariyankuppam and Vilianur Commune Panchayats are called

Puducherry Urban Agglomeration Area (PUAA).

In PUAA, door to door collection and transportation of Unsegregated Solid Waste

has been inpractice since 2010. The solid waste collected from the PUAA area is taken to the

landfill site at Kurumbapet which is located in the Oulgaret municipal area. In the PUAA area

alone400 Metric Tonnes (MT) of waste is generated daily and around 350 MT of waste from

the PUAA area reaches the landfill site at Kurumbapet.

Our earlier efforts to set up a processing and landfill facility under integrated Solid

Waste Management System (SWMS), funded by the Ministry of Urban Development under

JNNURM could not be commissioned owing to protracted judicial interventions in the past.

However, since 2015 the collection and transportation (C&T) operations have been

outsourced to M/s Swachata Corporation. The processing and landfill (P&L), have been

delinked from C&T operations and it is proposed to call for a tender to establish a Waste to

Energy (WtE) plant. In this regard, it is informed that an earlier attempt to tender out the

P&L by WtE method failed to attract any bid and hence it is proposed to re-tender by

making suitable modifications in the bid variable. To provide technical support to

Pondicherry Urban Development Agency (PUDA), the agency that acts as a semi­

autonomous intermediary of Local Administration Department (LAD), M/s IL&FS-EDC is

providing consultancy services to prepare a Detailed Project Report (DPR) to suggest ways

for scientific treatment and disposal of Municipal Solid Waste that is generated in the PUAA.

The consultant submitted the DPR and a Request For Proposal for setting up WtEplant for

scientific treatment and disposal of Municipal Solid Waste is invited with 'Royalty' as a bid

variable. As there was no response, the Consultant, suggested to change the bid variable

from Royalty to either 'Tipping Fee' or 'Additional Capital Grant' or 'Tariff Based Bid'. The

suggestion of the Consultant was examined by the High Powered Committee constituted for

the SBM and the Committee recommended tariff based bid and directed PUDA to re-tender

the project. The Committee further decided that the Construction & Demolition (C&D)

Waste may also be included while re-tendering the project. The recommendation of the

Committee has been placed before the Governmentfor a decision.

The Action Plan that is prepared to comply with the SWM Rules, 2015 brings out the current

practices and future plan under every stages of the SWM process. The action plan brings out

the current practices and future plans under each stage of the SWM Process that is

envisaged under the SWM Rules, 2016.

!. Collection of Solid WastePRESENT SCENARIO:

The UT of Puducherry consists of five ULB's Viz. Puducherry, Oulgaret, Mahe,

Karaikal and Yanam. Door to door collection of MSW is being carried out in all the wards of

Puducherry, Oulgaret and Karaikal and certain wards of Yanam, Mahe.

The door to door collection in PUAA , has been outsourced since 2015 and M/S.

Swachatha Corporation is carrying out the task by involving tricycles, tipper autos ,

compactors . For every 200 household, a tricycle with three personnel are engaged for going

door to door and collecting segregated wastes.

In Karaikal Municipality, door to door collection of solid wastes in all the 18 wards is

being done by M/s Hand in Hand Inclusive Development and Services, Chennai.

In Mahe Municipality, NIRAVU an NGO , is engaged in promoting environment

friendly methods of waste segregation in all the 15 wards, in a novel way by involving the

local population . The households handover the bio - non degradable wastes alone to the

NGO on a weekly basis.

In Yanam Municipality, door to door collection has been done on a pilot basis , in 2

wards by M/s Hand in Hand inclusive Development services.

FUTURE PLAN: The rag pickers are proposed to be formed into an association, wherein

they will be inducted for training sessions thus providing sufficient capacity building to

harness their potential. They will also be provided identity cards by the local bodies,

authorising them to approach households directly and collect recoverable and recyclable

materials. The periodicity of the visit of the rag pickers will be twice a week. Efforts will also

be made to identify the Kabbadiwallas and link them with the recycling industries through

rag pickers.

Already Oulgaret Municipality had initiated an association of rag pickers in the

landfill site and has issued them identity cards. The same approach will be extended by all

the Municipalities within 3 months.

II. Segregation of Solid WastePRESENT SCENARIO: InPUAA, segregation at source is being encouraged and practised

by the households through continuous IEC activities carried out by the ULB's and parts of

Villianur and Ariyankuppam Commune Panchayats. The households are encouraged to

segregate the wastes into bio-degradable and non bio-degradable and store them in

separate bins (red bin for non degradable, green for degradable). The segregated wastes

are received by the Swach workers and kept in appropriate containers in the tricycle , which

is then taken to a temporary storage or directly loaded on to the tipper auto.

In Karaikai Municipal area, segregation at source is carried out through Hand in Hand

Inclusive Services, through an elaborate IEC action plan which forms the part of their

contract. Awareness for segregation and its benefits are disseminated to all the households

through leaflets and storage bags depicting degradable and non degradable materials.

In Mahe Municipal area, all the bio-degradable wastes are used by the households

themselves for kitchen garden manure and only non degradable wastes are delivered to the

ward level committee for recycling.

In Yanam Municipality , segregation at source is only carried out in 2 wards on a pilot

basis and will be extended to all other wards within this year.

FUTURE PLAN: Further continuous social mobilisation will be carried out through the self

help groups under National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM) for sensitising the households

and the neighbourhood committees for ensuring segregation of wastes into bio -

degradable, non bio-degradable viz., recoverable (recyclable) and non recoverable (inerts).

In Yanam, the two bin system will be implemented after the identification of the

service provider for door to door collection within 3 months.

P R E S E N T S C E N A R IQ : In PUAA areas, temporary storage bins of capacity 1100 Its, 1000

Its and 660 Its bins are provided at vantage street and road junctions and daily lifting is done

from the storage bins using compactor.

In Karaikal Municipality, storage bins of 600 Its capacity are placed at vantage

positions in markets, parks, public spaces and daily removed by Municipal workers using

their own vehicles.

In Mahe Municipality, except for commercial areas, storage bins are not

provided in residential areas as the level of awareness is high in Mahe and the households

themselves store the unwanted articles in LDPE sacks supplied by the municipality, which

are collected once a week.

In Yanam Municipality, storage bins of 600 Its are placed at vantage positions

in markets, parks , public spaces and daily removed by Municipal workers using their own

vehicles.

FUTURE PLAN: The PUAA, it is proposed to establish a minimum of two transfer stations to

serve as a intermediary for temporary storage and transportation. The funds will be sourced

from Swacch Bharat(urban).

III. Storage of Solid Waste

IV. TransportationPRESENT SCENARIO: In PUAA, nearly 200 tricycles are engaged in door to door

collection and the MSW collected by the tricycles is loaded on to 79 tipper autos which in

turn loaded on to 9 compactors for final transportation to the disposal yard at Kurumbapet.

The MSW so transported is weighed at the weigh bridge located near the Kurumbapet

disposal yard from Resource Recovery Park( RRP).

The drain silt and the Construction and Demolition wastes are transported to the

C&D wastes yard at Mettupalayam.

In Karaikal Municipality, 20 TATA Ace Vehicles are engaged in transporting the MSW

from households and commercial establishments to the RRP at Paravaipet.

In Mahe Municipality, the waste collected are transported to the waste recovery

yard for secondary segregation and the non degradable wastes are transported by lorry to

recycling plant at Mandya, Karnataka run by Neravu. On payment of transporatation

charges of 27,000/- per lorry load.

In Yanam Municipality, the MSW from transit points are transported through

tractors to the new disposal yard in Dariyalthippa.

FUTURE PLAN.lt is proposed to convert all the waste transportation vehicles into closed

container vehicle with partitions for collecting segregated waste. The present tipper autos

need to be partitioned.

PRESENT SCENARIO: In the PUAA, daily nearly 350 MT of MSW arrive at the

Kurumbapet RRP. In tune with the provisions of Solid Waste Management Rules, 2000

efforts were taken by the Municipalities and the Directorate of Local Administration, to

form windrows out of the MSW arriving in the yard. Windrows, trapezoidal formations of

MSW in horizontal rows are formed using earth moving equipment (JCB, Hitachi, Dozer).

The windrows, so formed are exposed to aerobic and anaerobic decomposition and

after 45 days they qualify as city compost. However, a comprehensive plan for processing

the MSW from PUAA got delayed owing to protracted judicial interventions.

To carry out scientific disposal of waste, the Pondicherry Urban Development Agency

has selected IL&FS-EDC as Consultant to prepare a Detailed Project Report (DPR) to suggest

ways for scientific treatment and disposal of Municipal Solid Waste. The consultant

submitted the DPR and Request For Proposal for setting up Waste To Energy (WtE) project

for scientific treatment and disposal of Municipal Solid Waste with Royalty as bid variable.

As there was no response, the Consultant suggested to change the bid variable from Royalty

to either Tipping Fee or Additional Capital Grant or Tariff Based Bid. The suggestion of the

Consultant was examined by the High Powered Committee constituted for the SBM and the

Committee recommended tariff based bid and to re tender the project. The Committee

further decided that the Construction & Demolition Waste may also be included , while re­

tendering the project.

In Karaikal Municipality, the agency selected for door to door collection and

transportation, is also mandated to process MSW in the RRP and dispose the residue , inerts

in accordance with Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016.

As 50% of the MSW in Karaikal Municipal Region is organic, a mix of windrows

composting, bio-methanation (biogas plant) and a disposal mechanism for recyclables

involving rag pickers and kabbadiwallas is envisaged.

V. Processing of Municipal Solid Waste

In Yanarn Muncipality, as of now no processing of MSW is done. After the selection

of service provider, through an elaborate tender, organic wastes will be made into compost

and other recyclable wastes will be made into granules for using as fillers in road laying.

In Mahe Muncipality, the resource recovery yard is not being presently put to use

due to public opposition. Also, no processing takes place because the non degradable

wastes are sent for recycling plant in Karnataka.

FUTURE PLAN: Various technology options for processing of MSW have been analysed and

the appropriate mix of technology for Pondicherry , Oulgaret, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam

have been decided.

For the PUAA, around 350 MT of MSW arrive daily at the disposal yard, and since the

calorific value of non recyclable wastes is above 1500 k cal/Kg, it is mandated to explore

options for waste to energy. The proposal to generate energy out of the MSW will be

tendered shortly, within june 2017.

Also 10 MT biogas plant is proposed to be set up in the Resource Recover Park at

Kurumbapet, to treat homogeneous market wastes (bio degradable).

VI. Sanitary LandfillPRESENT SCENARIO; Sinceno comprehensive scientific processing system was in

placefor processing of the MSW from the PUAA, generation of inerts and rejects were nil.

Therefore the requirement for sanitary landfill did not arise. At present, there is no sanitary

landfill for all the Urban Local Bodies in the UT of Puducherry.

F U T U R E .PLAN: Suitable site for setting up of a common regional sanitary landfill facility

for all local authorities having a population of 0.5 million or more has been identified at

R.S No.68pt, 69/70 at Mettupalayam in Thattanchavady Revenue Village , to cater to

Oulgaret, Pondicherry, Villianur and Ariyankuppam.

With regard to Karaikal Municipality, the area occupied by the legacy wastes,

approximately around 10 acres will be reclaimed through LMLR (Landfill Mining and Land

Reclamation) technique and will be used to develop sanitary landfill within 2 years.

RURAL:

For the rural areas which comprises of 10 Commune Panchayats, 5 in each Karaikal

and Pondicherry district, it is proposed to extend door to door collection for the rural areas

under SBM(G) wherein around 20 lakhs is provided for each Village Panchayat.

In the rural areas, as the composition of the MSW will be predominantly

biodegradable, efforts are on to have a decentralised resource recovery parks (landfill site)

within each commune.

The resource recovery parks are also proposed to have a one metric tonne capacity

biogas plant exclusively for market wastes.

□ The Pondicherry Pollution Control Committee has prepared a scheme with Standard

Operation Procedure for Solid Waste Management, in accordance with the provisions

of Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016.

P As stipulated in Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, State Level Advisory Body is

constituted to review the implementation of Solid Waste Management and to advise

the Government for taking necessary actions.

To ensure compliance from bulk waste generators, they have been already mandated

to practice segregation at source and process biodegradable waste within their

premises. .

To expedite the process of Solid Waste Processing facilities by all local bodies,

Resource Recovery Park have been set up under Swatch Bharat (Gramin).

To convert biodegradable waste into methane and organic manure, Proposal has been

sent to the Government to set up Nisargruna biogas plant developed by the Bhabha

Atomic Research Centre (BARC) which is biphasic (aerobic followed by anaerobic

phase) and produce biogas containing 70-80 per cent of methane and only 30-20 per

cent of carbon diox ide.

Prepared by

Local Administration Department

Union Territory of Puducherry