© 2002 edwin s. ellis graphicorganizers.com “see”

Brain Damage

Drug Use

Liver Damage

Death

Poor diet

AggressiveLoss of Friends

Stealing

Jail

Low self concept

Loss of Intelligence

Social Outcast

BehaviorChanges

Social Withdrawal

Mind Changes

Impaired memory

Ad

dic

tio

n

Overdose

Exp

ense

Sell drugs to support

habit

Bats BirdsFur & leather

Wings

Eat insects

Feathers

Fly

ŅseeÓ via sonic waves

Mouth with teethBeaks

ŅseeÓ via eyes

Awake at night

Claws

Awake during daylight

Sleep sitting up

Sleep hanging upside down

Babies born alive Babies

from eggs

Eyes/Ears

© 2002 Edwin S. Ellis graphicorganizers.com

“See”“See”

Essential details Essential details Essential details

Key Topicis about...

Start with... Add this... Results

+ =

How beach development is endangering sea turtles

Turtles bury eggs in the sand

Sea Turtles crawl onto beach and bury eggs

Attracted to movement & glimmer of light on water

Sun incubates eggs; baby turtles dig out of sand

Beach development & tourists

Houses & Hotels line the water front for thousands of miles

Baby turtles die

Babies get lost, disoriented

Crawl toward bright lights, away from sea

Eaten by predators & Dehydrated

IF we don't turn-off our lights at night THEN the Loggerhead may become extinct

Crawl toward light to get to the sea & swim away

Baby turtles attracted to bright lights

Street lights, Car lights, flashing signs, carnivals

Endangered Loggerheads

Tourists using the beaches

Beach buggies

So what? What is important to understand about this?

© 2002 Edwin S. Ellis graphicorganizers.com

Lung Cancer

Shortness of breath

Decreased athletic ability

Lip, Tongue, ThroatCancer

Coughing

Poor circulation

Addiction

Stained teeth, hands

Smelly breath, hair, clothes

BronchitisEmphysema

Expensive

Heart attack

Food tastes bland

loss of appetite

Medical Bills

Fire hazard

Burn holes in clothes

Bed, Furniture,Cars, Home burn-up

Personal appearance

SMOKING

Heart disease

Respiratory Infections

Cancer

Reduced sense of

taste

© 2002 Edwin S. Ellis Masterminds Publishing graphicorganizers.com

Scientists come from many different backgrounds, but in their work they use many common tools, techniques, and habits of mind.

Important characteristics

for looking at the world

scientifically

Main Idea

Creative

Inventive

Questioning

Observant

Methodical

Skeptical

6

Gist

TOPIC The Scientific Mind

Vary in speed and distance

San Francisco, on North Amer. Plate moves southeast about 5 cm. per

year

If weighted down by continents move only a few millimeters per

year

Large Plates

Movement varies in speed and distance

Considered small, the Caribbean and Arabian Plates are fairly large

Plates that lack landmasses move as much as several centimeters per

year

SmallPlates

Movement of

Lithospheric Plates

© 2004 Edwin Ellis www.GraphicOrganizers.com

Word BannersTerm

Definition

Related Word Related Word

Term

Definition


Term

Definition


Term

Definition


glacier

Billions of tons of snow packed together to form a solid mass of ice

Ice berg Snow & ice

sediment

Rocks, and dirt produced by glacier rubbing against mountains

residue dregs

moraine

Huge piles of rocks the glacier picks up as it slowly flows down a valley

residue dregs

crevicefracture fissure

Giant crack, commonly found on glaciers & the sides of mountains

TOPIC Tools used to Study the Earth and Ocean

Main Idea

Details

Measurement Tools

Laser range finders, Clinometers, Magneto- meters,& gravimeters

Main Idea

Details

Hand lens or Caliper

For close observations or

measuring irregular objects

Main Idea

Details

Soil Augers & DrillsHelp to sample material beneath the ground’s surface

Main Idea

Details

Rock Hammer

Often used with a rock chisel to split rocks or

crack specimens

Main Idea

Details

Crusher

Pulverizes a specimen for

chemical analysis

Main Idea

Details

Cloth or Plastic Bags

For gathering specimens to take to the labs for

further study

Moves by wind & ocean currents

Icebergs Ice floes

Begin on land as glacier formed from

snowflakes

Very slow formation

Take hundreds or thousands of years to form

Bulk is below water

Roll over unexpectedly

Edge: crisp sharp. jagged

May have boulders, rocks & gravel frozen in them

Part breaks off & falls into water

Float in ocean

Made of ice

Different colors

Polar regions

Evaporate & melt

Begin in water

Relatively quick formation

Top of ocean freezes - makes a layer of ice

Breaks apart and refreezes together

Moves by wind only

Edge: usually eroded

Floats on top of water

100% iceComposition & features

Origins

Where located

Movement

wind moves them

May break apart, but never roll over

Dutch drapery-maker Amateur Scientist Ordinary person with a lot of curiosity

Anton van LeeuwenhoekPERSON

He built one of the first microscopes

His creation opened the door to a hidden world never before explored by man

Known for

Because …

His 1676 letter to the Royal Society in London (the leading scientific group of that time) changed forever the way we look at the world

Known for

Because …

Anton van Leeuwenhoek called the microscopic organisms he saw in the drop of water he collected “animalcules”

Known for

Because …

Ways to describe this person

Designing a simple microscope

Astounding Scientists Animalcules

Hot Dog BMECopyright 2003 Edwin Elliswww.GraphicOrganizers.com

Steven Jobs introduced the Apple II in 1977

Details

This was the first personal computer marketed for home use, and it cost four times more than a personal computer costs

today

Rapid growth of technology since 1977, and it isn’t likely to slow down Details

Since 1977, computers have become part of many aspects of life, and the Internet has experienced explosive growth.

Do the Math

Details

Consider when your parents were born. How old were they when the Apple II was introduced?

THINK

Learning can be easier when you’re younger, and that is part of the reason adults have difficulty with technological devices. You are young and computer use is

second nature to you because you have grown up with technology.

THINK

How are you going to keep up with each technological breakthrough reported in the media or hyped by the marketplace?

Topic Is about …

Adults and technology

Many adults lack the skills to successfully operate computers and other technology

Reality # 1

Reality # 2

Reality # 3

TOPIC Computer Explosion

Impact began when Steven Jobs introduced the Apple II in 1977

Main IdeaDetails

Young people are often a LOT more knowledgeable about how to use technology than many adults

Main IdeaDetails

Used mostly for word processing &

simple games

Apple = the first personal computer marketed for home

use

Very few people had one – most not really sure what to do with one besides use it as a type writer

Cost four times more than a personal computer costs today

You are young and computer use is second nature to you because

you have grown up with them.

Computers are part of many aspects of life,

Computers are increasingly smaller,

faster, more powerful

Internet has experienced explosive growth. Many

use Google as their primary way to find

information

DO THE MATH How old were your parents when the Apple II was introduced? HINT: When were they born?

African American

Mathematicians

Early 1900’sFrank Albert Cox

90’sArlie Petlers

Katherine OkikioluJonathan Farley

80’sWilliam MasseyNathaniel Dean

Idris Assani

40’s & 50’sJ. Ernest Wilkins

Albert T. Bharucha-Reid

Early 1900’sDudley Woodard

80’s & 90’sCarl Graham

Adebisi Agboolgs

40’s & 50’sJames EzeiloEvelyn Boyd

Granville

60’s & 70’sDavid BlackwellClarence Ellis

J. Ernest Wilkins Jr.

Copyright 2003Edwin EllisGraphicorganizers.com

As the environment changes, the organism’s ability to adapt can change for the positive or negative.

Negative: if an animal has a limited diet; the loss of a food can cause the animal to die out.

Positive: if an animal has the ability to consume many foods; one food dies out, the animal continues to survive.

Adaptation and

Environmental Change

Most adaptations are traits or characteristics that offspring inherit from their parents.

Some animal behaviors are adaptations that are instinctive, or inborn.

Offspring adaptations are determined by genes.

Inherited Traits and Survival

Plants develop structures to benefit them in harsh environments.

Animals develop structures to help them obtain food within their habitat.

Animals use camouflage to blend in with the habitat – this is helpful for both predators and prey.

Surviving in Different

Environments

Plants use bright colors or strong scents to attract insects to carry out pollination.

Animals provide care for their young to ensure survival. Species produce many offspring to ensure survival.

Courtship behavior of animals.

Reproductive Adaptations

AdaptationsAn adaptation is a trait that enables an organism to survive and

reproduce in its environment.

Key things to remember

Is like ...

Note or draw a picture of an example

Important because ...

Is a type or part of ...

Is a member of this group ...

Tern / Name

Semantic Map© 2003 Edwin Elliswww.GraphicOrgani zers.com

photosynthesis

the process plants use to make food

x

leaf traps light energy using chloroplasts; gets water via transpiration

carbon dioxide from air entering via stomata is mixed in to produce sugary plant food

leaf makes chlorophyll and then mixes it with water

byproduct (oxygen ) is expelled from leaf as waste

Plants need sun, water, & air to generate food.

Plants produce the oxygen animals need to breath

Making a cup cake Get mix from store, stir in water, add heat energy (bake in stove) and then add icing = sugary human food

Background knowledge connections

Example

Is a type or part of ...

Is a member of this group ...

Tern / Name

Semantic Map 2© 2003 Edwin Elliswww.GraphicOrgani zers.com

Non-example * Don’t confuse with ...

Is like ...

Features

Features

Features

Draw a picture

transpiration

part of the process needed for plants to make food to live

X

plant roots act like tiny water pipes that stick down in the ground and connect to leaves

dry air sucks water out of the (evaporation), creating suction all the way down the pipes to the roots

water is sucked from soil into the roots and pulled up to the leaf.

dry air in home pulls more water from houseplant leaves,so soil in pot dries out faster.

Don’t confuse with “expiration” which is when something ends or dies.

Is like sucking a straw to get water from a cup into your mouth

This makes me think why I have to water the grass so much during hot summer months.

All those blades of grass are causing a lot of water to get sucked out of the ground and then evaporate.

Environmental Influences

Biotic (Living) Factors

AnimalsPlants Humans

Abiotic (Non-living)

Factors

Chemicals

Light &Heat

Weather

New data should cause belief to change to...

Ways to bend data....* Ignoring parts that donÕt fit * Selecting parts that do fit * Creating new data that fits * Discounting/rationalizing

Existing Belief

Key Topicis about...

BIG IDEA (What is important to understand about this?)

New Data

Bent Data(to fit existing belief)

Spiders

Common perception that spiders are very dangerous

Spiders bite people Spiders are dangerous Spiders are frightening and repulsive Spiders should be killed

Spiders are harmless except in rare cases, so we should not fear them. Spiders are valuable because they help by reducing insect populations.

All spiders fear humans. 99% cannot bite humans. 4 out of 10,000 species - potentially dangerous. Chances of dying in an auto-crash are over a billion times greater. Spiders are insect predators.

The spider I encounter WILL be one of the dangerous ones.

Because spiders look scary and because of the way movies portray spiders, we tend to fear them without a good reason.

Is about …

Copyright 2003Edwin EllisGraphicorganizers.com

The Sun

The Center of our Solar System


The Sun is a star, the center of the solar system, and important for life on earth.

ALWAYS

Stays in the same place

Gives us energy

Helps some part of the earth

A star

Hot

SOMETIMES

It disappearsDay & Night

We cannot see the sun during the day

Solar Eclipse

Stormy Weather

It seems hotter

Seasonal changes

Makes the clouds colorful

NEVER

Moves

Is close to the earth

Cold

A planet

Safe to look directly at the sun

STRIP MINING - completely removing earth’s surface to access minerals & coal

Main Idea

CONSTRUCTION – large scale projects (highways) destroying an ecosystem completely

WAR – bombs and moving heavy equipment (tanks, etc) over terrain destroys ecosystem

ACCIDENTS – events like oil tankers sinking & nuclear power plant “melt-downs”

2Sudden Catastrophic ImpactQuickly & obliviously damaging an ecosystem to the point that it can never be restored

Human Negative Impact in the Ecosystem

Is about …

How people’s behavior impact the environment in bad ways

Main Idea

FERTILIZERS / PESTICIDES kill a variety of animals & plants; leave chemicals

POLLUTION / ACID RAIN waste products that kill organisms & break food chains

CONSUMING RESOURCES uses up things needed to maintain an ecosystem (i.e., minerals in soil)

1Slow Subtle ImpactSlowly and not obliviously damaging an ecosystem to the point that it can never be restored

3

1

4

2

2

1

3


Essential details

Main idea Main idea Main idea

Essential details Essential details

Key Topicis about... exploitation

taking advantage of something or someone

Does this help or hurt in the real world?

What are some ways this idea shows up in the real world?

Personal experiences related to this concept

Takes advantage of people in a weaker position

Bad idea that should not show up

Quality of society based on how you help, not on much you can take

Exploitation results in anger

College make millions from games, but players can’t get paid

Politicians exploiting voters

Porn & prostitution exploits poor women

Some factories exploit workers

Parents exploit me when they make me do chores.

Kids in lunch room get exploited by bullies

Used car salesmen exploit buyers (if they can)

Casinos exploit poor people who wish to get rich quick

Our world would be a lot better off if there were no exploitation in it.

BELIEF opens the door

How did your beliefs change?

LEARNING opens the eyes

What did you learn that was different & important?

ACTION changes our lives

What will you do as a result of what you learned?

Cutting down Rain forests

is about the clearing of vast areas of rain forests to make grazing lands for cattle

I believed that it didn't matter where beef came from, as long as I could buy a 'Big Mac' when I wanted for a cheap price.

I now believe that we need cut down on how much beef we eat because of what is happening to rain forests.

Brazilians are cutting down rain forests as quickly as they can to... * create jobs & income * make grazing land for cattle so they can sell beef to US * sell trees

Fast food companies are buying cheap beef from Brazil so they can make more money selling hamburgers

Eat more chicken! Boycott hamburger joints. Spread the word and encourage others to do the same. Learn more about how our everyday habits impact the environment in important ways

Spin-off Tensions or Issues

Sources of Tension

Reaction Actions

Critical TensionPivotal Event?

BIG IDEA (WhatÕs important to understand about this?)

Changes

© 2001 Masterminds, LLC

© 1998 Edwin S. Ellis

Brazil’s population explosion (need jobs & income!)

Limited resources & ways to make money

Access to media (TV) shows apparent wealth of rest of the world makes poor

Brazilians want “a piece of the economic pie”

Brazil’s poor economy / need for money

Foreign companies willing to pay $$$ for beef & wood (teak, mahogany, lumber)

Cutting down rain forests as fast as possible to make grazing land for cattle & to sell trees for lumber

New source of income making some Brazilians rich...provides many

temporary jobs

Thin top soil washing away because loss of rain forest root systems, results in desert

like conditions where little will grow

Because of lost ecosystems, many animals & plants rapidly becoming

extinct - lost opportunity for develop of new medicines?

Loss of vast areas of vegetation results in less oxygen in atmosphere, & more carbon dioxide ...global warming?

Must generate alternative source of income for Brazilians, or they won’t stop clearing rain forests -- what would be other ways for them to make

money & generate jobs?

US Fast-food companies contract

for beef imports


Key Topic

is about... © 1997 Edwin S. Ellis Atmosphere

(also called ‘air,’ comes from Greek word atmos (vapor) and shaira (sphere)

Troposphere

The layer we live in

Where all life occurs

80% of the mass of atmosphere

all moisture is here jet streams occur in this layer

Stratosphere moistureless & cloudless very low atmosphere density

no storms

ozone in this layer

Mesophere

the middle layer

very thin air

a “meteoroid shield”

Ionosphere

Topic

IDEA knowledge activator

Identify possible related ideas

Determine what’s already

known

Express potential

connections to today’s world

Ask questions about the topic

Non-renewable Resources

pollution

coal mines

oil, gasoline

How much longer will the oil supply last?

Will oil ever run out? What will we do?

We’ve already used up most of the oil in the US – have to buy it from Middle East

More oil we use, the more dependent we are on other countries for oil

3-Step Cycle© 2003 Edwin Ellis www.GraphicOrganizers.com


Topic

The Water Cycle

Condensation

Precipitation

Evaporationheavier water drops fall to the earth

tiny drops of condensed water grows until they get too heavy

types of precipitation = rain, snow, hail, sleet

rain gage is used to measure precipitation

occurs when liquid is heated by the air

molecules separate

molecules nearest water surface bounce away & move into the air

liquid -to- gas ORwater -to- vapor

occurs when gases are cooled

molecules crowd together (snuggle up)

molecules packed together so they take less space

gas can then change into a liquid

The water cycle is a 3-part process by which water enters and leaves the atmosphere. It is a continuous cycle.

I’d like to know more about …

This topic reminds me of …

I’ve been learning about…

The part I understand the best is …

The most confusing part is …

I’d like to be able to …

Content Learning Log

How oil spills are cleaned up. Decomposition – dispersion – physical

removal

The huge oil tanker that sank in Alaska & caused a disaster

Physical removal – it’s a LOT of work, VERY difficult, & takes years

Decomposition – I don’t really understand the chemistry part of this

How they prevent oil spills – seems like sooner or later, oil tanker will sink

Visit the place where the oil tanker sank to see how it looks now

© 2002 edwin s. ellis graphicorganizers.com “see”

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