us history final exam review. abolitionist reformer who sought to end slavery
TRANSCRIPT
US History Final Exam Review
Abolitionist• Reformer who sought to end slavery.
Anti-Semitism• Prejudice and discrimination against Jewish
people.
Big stick diplomacy• Roosevelt’s policy of creating and using, when
necessary, a strong military to achieve America’s goals.
Black Tuesday• October 29 1929, when stock prices fell
sharply in the Great Crash.
Blitzkrieg• “lightning war” that emphasized the use of
speed and firepower to penetrate deep into the enemy’s territory.
Conscientious Objector• Person who refuses to fight in a war due to
moral or religious beliefs.
Dawes Act• Law enacted in 1887 that divided reservation
land into private family plots.
Dust Bowl• Term used for the central and southern Great
Plains during the 1930s when the region suffered from drought and dust storms.
Ellis Island• Island in New York Harbor that served as an
immigration station for millions of immigrants arriving to the United States.
Emancipation Proclamation• Decree by President Lincoln that freed slaves
in all Confederate territory still in rebellion.
Espionage Act• Act Passed by Congress in June 1917 enacting
severe penalties for anyone engaged in disloyal or treasonable activities.
Genocide• Willful annihilation of a racial, political, or
cultural group.
Great Awakening• Religious movement in the English colonies
during the 1730s and 1740s, which was heavily inspired by evangelical preachers.
Hooverville• Term used to describe makeshift shantytowns
set up by homeless people during the great depression.
Imperialism• Political, military, and economic domination of
strong nations over weaker territories.
Internment• Temporary imprisonment of members of a
specific group.
Jim Crow Laws• Laws passed in southern states that separated
blacks and whites.
Kamikazes• Japanese pilots who deliberately crashed
planes into American ships during World War II.
Lusitania• British passenger liner sunk by a German U-
boat during World War I.
Middle Passage• The forced transport of enslaved persons from
Africa to the Americas between the 1500’s and the 1800’s
Monroe Doctrine• Declaration by President Monroe in 1823 that
the United States would oppose efforts any outside power to control a nation in the Western Hemisphere.
New Deal• Programs and legislation enacted by Franklin
D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression to promote economic recovery and social reform.
Okies• General term used to describe Dust Bowl
refugees during the great depression.
Open door policy• American statement that the government did
not want colonies in China, but favored free trade there.
Pearl Harbor• American military base attacked by the
Japanese on December 7, 1941.
Populist Party• People’s Party; political party formed in
1891 to advocate a larger money supply and other economic reforms.
Pump Priming• Economic theory that favored public works
projects because they put money into the hands of consumers who would buy more goods, stimulating the economy.
Reconstruction• Federal program between 1865 and 1877 to
repair damage to the South caused by the Civil War and restore the southern states to the Union
Red Scare• Fear that communists were working to destroy
the American way of life.
Social Darwinism• The belief held by some in the late nineteenth
century that certain nations and races were superior to others and therefore destined to rule over them.
Totalitarianism• A theory of government in which a single
party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people.
Tuskegee Airmen• African American squadron that escorted
bombers in the air war over Europe during World War II.
Underground Railroad• Support system run by abolitionists to help
enslaved people escape to freedom in the North or in Canada.
Works Progress Administration
• Key New Deal agency that provided work relief through various public-works projects.